smart cities Article AI Perspectives in Smart Cities and Communities to Enable Road Vehicle Automation and Smart Traffic Control Cristofer Englund 1,2,* , Eren Erdal Aksoy 1 , Fernando Alonso-Fernandez 1 , Martin Daniel Cooney 1 , Sepideh Pashami 1,2 and Björn Åstrand 1 1 Center for Applied Intelligent Systems Research (CAISR), Halmstad University, 301 18 Halmstad, Sweden;
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[email protected] (B.Å.) 2 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Lindholmspiren 3A, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +46-708-560-227 Abstract: Smart cities and communities (SCC) constitute a new paradigm in urban development. SCC ideate a data-centered society aimed at improving efficiency by automating and optimizing activities and utilities. Information and communication technology along with Internet of Things enables data collection and with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) situation awareness can be obtained to feed the SCC actors with enriched knowledge. This paper describes AI perspectives in SCC and gives an overview of AI-based technologies used in traffic to enable road vehicle automation and smart traffic control. Perception, smart traffic control and driver modeling are described along with open research challenges and standardization to help introduce advanced driver assistance systems and automated vehicle functionality in traffic. To fully realize the potential of SCC, to create a holistic view on a city level, availability of data from different stakeholders is necessary. Further, though AI technologies Citation: Englund, C.