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REN21 Renewables 2010 Global Status Report

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REN21 Renewables 2010 Global Status Report GSR_2010_final 14.07.2010 12:23 Uhr Seite 1 GSR_2010_final 27.09.2010 16:13 Uhr Seite 2 2 RENEWABLES 2010 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century REN21 convenes international multi-stakeholder leadership to enable a rapid global transition to renewable energy. It pro- motes appropriate policies that increase the wise use of renewable energies in developing and industrialized economies. Open to a wide variety of dedicated stakeholders, REN21 connects governments, international institutions, nongovernmental organizations, industry associations, and other partnerships and initiatives. REN21 leverages their successes and strengthens their influence for the rapid expansion of renewable energy worldwide. REN21 Steering Committee Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber Hans-Jorgen Koch Mark Radka Ministry of Foreign Affairs Danish Energy Agency Division of Technology, Industry and Economics United Arab Emirates Ministry of Climate and Energy United Nations Environment Programme Denmark Corrado Clini Peter Rae Ministry for the Environment and Territory Li Junfeng World Wind Energy Association/ Italy National Development and Reform Commission, International Renewable Energy Alliance Energy Research Institute/ Chinese Renewable Robert Dixon Energy Industries Association Tineke Roholl Climate and Chemicals Team China Ministry of Foreign Affairs Global Environment Facility The Netherlands Bindu Lohani Michael Eckhart Asian Development Bank Athena Ronquillo Ballesteros American Council on Renewable Energy World Resources Institute/ Ernesto Macìas Galàn Green Independent Power Producers Network Mohamed El-Ashry Alliance for Rural Electrification/ United Nations Foundation European Photovoltaic Industry Association Karsten Sach Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Saliem Fakir Pradeep Monga Conservation and Nuclear Safety World Wide Fund For Nature Energy and Climate Change Branch Germany United Nations Industrial Development Carlos Gascó Travesedo Organization Steve Sawyer Prospective Department, Global Wind Energy Council Iberdrola Renovables Paul Mubiru Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development Griffin Thompson Deepak Gupta Uganda Department of State Ministry of New and Renewable Energy United States of America India Nebojsa Nakicenovic International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Ibrahim Togola Amal Haddouche Mali Folkecenter/ Ministry of Energy, Mines, Water and Environment Kevin Nassiep Citizens United for Renewable Energy and Morocco National Energy Research Institute Sustainability South Africa David Hales Piotr Tulej College of the Atlantic, USA Rajendra Pachauri DG Environment: Energy Unit The Energy and Resources Institute European Commission Kirsty Hamilton India Chatham House, UK Veerle Vandeweerd Wolfgang Palz Energy and Environment Group St.John Hoskyns World Council for Renewable Energy United Nations Development Programme Department of Energy & Climate Change United Kingdom Hélène Pelosse Claudia Vieira Santos International Renewable Energy Agency Ministry of External Relations Didier Houssin Brazil Directorate of Energy Markets and Security Lari Pitka-Kangas International Energy Agency United Cities and Local Governments/ City of Arthouros Zervos Malmö, Sweden European Renewable Energy Council Tetsunari Iida Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies, Japan Disclaimer REN21 issue papers and reports are released by REN21 to emphasize the importance of renewable energy and to generate discussion of issues central to the promotion of renewable energy. While REN21 papers and reports have benefited from the considerations and input from the REN21 community, they do not necessarily represent a consensus among network participants on any given point. Although the information given in this report is the best available to the authors at the time, REN21 and its participants cannot be held liable for its accuracy and correctness. Revised edition as of September 2010 GSR_2010_final 14.07.2010 12:23 Uhr Seite 3 RENEWABLES 2010 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 3 RENEWABLES 2010 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT GSR_2010_final 14.07.2010 12:23 Uhr Seite 4 4 RENEWABLES GLOBAL2010 GLOBAL STATUS STATUS REPORT REPORT | 2009 Update FOREWORD Since the first edition of REN21’s annual Renewables Global Later this year, the Government of India’s Ministry of New Status Report in 2005, the renewable energy sector has and Renewable Energy will host the 4th in a series of inter- grown strongly and steadily. Even in 2009, when up against national renewable energy conferences that date back to strong headwinds caused by the economic recession, low 2004, and that bring together thousands of government oil prices, and the lack of an international climate agree- representatives and stakeholders from around the world. ment, renewables managed to hold their own. The Delhi International Renewable Energy Conference (DIREC) 2010 will showcase broad, high-level commitment In 2009, governments stepped up efforts to steer their to the deployment of renewable energy as a key strategy countries out of recession by transforming industries and for dealing with sustainable development, energy access, creating jobs. This gave a boost to the renewable energy and climate change. For three days, government ministers sector. By early 2010, more than 100 countries had some and delegates from the private sector and civil society will type of policy target and/or promotion policy related to exchange their visions, experiences, and solutions for accel- renewable energy; this compares with 55 countries in erating the global scale-up of renewable energy. REN21 is early 2005. Wind power and solar PV additions reached a pleased to be partnering with the Indian Government on record high during 2009, and in both Europe and the organizing the DIREC and managing the DIREC Interna- United States, renewables accounted for over half of newly tional Action Programme (DIAP), which fosters voluntary installed power capacity in 2009. More than $150 billion actions, commitments, and targets for renewable energy was invested in new renewable energy capacity and manu- policy in developed and developing countries. facturing plants—up from just $30 billion in 2004. For the second year in a row, more money was invested in new The REN21 Renewables Global Status Report has grown renewable energy capacity than in new fossil fuel capacity. significantly in size and richness over the past five years, and its production is a formidable challenge. Many instituti- From the first 'Market Overview' section of this report to ons and individuals deserve special thanks: the German the 'Last Word' by Christopher Flavin, the picture here government and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische shows that renewable energy is reaching a tipping point Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) for financial and administrative sup- and attaining great significance in the context of the global port; the members of the REN21 Steering Committee for energy and climate situation. A remarkable development is their guidance; the REN21 Secretariat for coordination and the change in the geographic spread of renewable energy. production; the 150 researchers and contributors; and the And the adoption of renewable energy technologies is authors, led by Janet Sawin and Eric Martinot, for the huge clearly no longer confined to the industrialized world—more task of pulling together and presenting all the data and than half of the existing renewable power capacity is now trends in this unique synthesis. in developing countries. This 2010 edition of the Renewables Global Status Report The world has tapped only a small amount of the vast is being released together with its companion publication, supply of renewable energy resources, despite the conti- the UNEP/SEFI report Global Trends in Sustainable Energy nuing upward trend of renewable energy growth and the Investment 2010. The joint launch aims to draw attention positive achievements highlighted in this report. Policy to the inextricable link between policy and investment in efforts now need to be strengthened and taken to the next driving the renewable energy sector forward. level in order to encourage a massive scale up of renew- able technologies. That level of scale is needed to enable REN21 is pleased and proud to present the Renewables the renewables sector to play its critical role in building a 2010 Global Status Report to the global community. long-term, stable, low-carbon global economy—one that promotes energy security, industrial development and com- petitiveness, local economic development and jobs, climate Mohamed El-Ashry change mitigation, and universal access to energy. Chairman, REN21 Report Citation and Copyright REN21. 2010. Renewables 2010 Global Status Report (Paris: REN21 Secretariat). Copyright © 2010 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. GSR_2010_final 14.07.2010 12:23 Uhr Seite 5 RENEWABLES 2010 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments . 7 Tables, Figures and Sidebars Executive Summary . 9 Table 1. Status of Renewables Technologies: Characteristics and Costs . 26 Selected Indicators and Top Five Countries . 13 Table 2. Renewable Energy Promotion Policies . 38 1. Global Market Overview . 15 Table 3. Transitions to Renewable Energy in Power Generation Markets . 16 Rural (Off-Grid) Areas . 47 Heating and Cooling Markets . 22 Transport Fuels Markets . 24 2. Investment Flows . 27 Figure 1. Renewable Energy Share of Global Final Energy Consumption, 2008 . 15 3. Industry Trends . 30 Figure 2. Average Annual Growth Rates of 4. Policy Landscape
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