KEY FINDINGS 2015 RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY NETWORK for the 21St CENTURY
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RENEWABLES 2015 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT KEY FINDINGS 2015 RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY NETWORK FOR THE 21st CENTURY REN21 is the global renewable energy policy multi-stakeholder network that connects a wide range of key actors. REN21’s goal is to facilitate knowledge exchange, policy development, and joint action towards a rapid global transition to renewable energy. REN21 brings together governments, nongovernmental organisations, research and academic institutions, international organisations, and industry to learn from one another and build on successes that advance renewable energy. To assist policy decision making, REN21 provides high-quality information, catalyses discussion and debate, and supports the development of thematic networks. Global Status Report: Regional Reports Global Futures Report www.ren21.net/map REN21 yearly publication Renewables Academy since 2005 Chinese Indian REN21 First GSR Renewable Energy Renewable Energy publications: published Status Report Status Report 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 REN21 renewables BIREC, WIREC, DIREC, events: 2004, Bonn Beijing Washington Delhi International International International Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Conference Conference Conference 2 REN21 facilitates the collection of comprehensive and timely information on renewable energy. This information reflects diverse viewpoints from both private and public sector actors, serving to dispel myths about renewable energy and to catalyse policy change. It does this through six product lines. Renewables Global Status Report (GSR) Global Future Reports (GFR) First released in 2005, REN21's Renewables Global Status Report REN21 produces reports that illustrate the credible possibilities (GSR) has grown to become a truly collaborative effort, drawing for the future of renewables within particular thematic areas. on an international network of over 500 authors, contributors, and reviewers. Today it is the most frequently referenced report Renewables Academy on renewable energy market, industry, and policy trends. The REN21 Renewables Academy provides an opportunity for lively exchange among the growing community of REN21 Regional Reports contributors. It offers a venue to brainstorm on future-orientated These reports detail the renewable energy developments of a policy solutions and allows participants to actively contribute on particular region; their production also supports regional data issues central to a renewable energy transition. The next REN21 collection processes and informed decision making. Renewables Academy will take place in autumn 2016. Renewables Interactive Map International Renewable Energy Conferences (IRECs) The Renewables Interactive Map is a research tool for tracking The International Renewable Energy Conference (IREC) is a the development of renewable energy worldwide. It comple- high-level political conference series. Dedicated exclusively to ments the perspectives and findings of REN21’s Global and the renewable energy sector, the biennial IREC is hosted by a Regional Status Reports by providing continually updated national government and convened by REN21. SAIREC 2015 will market and policy information as well as providing detailed, be held in South Africa on 4–7 October 2015. exportable country profiles. Global Futures Report ECOWAS SADC and UNECE EAC Renewable Global Status Report MENA Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Energy and Energy on Local Renewable Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Efficiency Status Energy Policies Status Report Status Report Status Reports Report 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ADIREC, First REN21 SAIREC, Second REN21 Abu Dhabi Renewables South Africa Renewables International Academy, International Academy Renewable Energy Bonn Renewable Energy Conference Conference 3 REN 21 STEERING COMMITTEE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS NGOS Ernesto Macías Galán Bindu Lohani Irene Giner-Reichl Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE) Asian Development Bank (ADB) Global Forum on Sustainable Energy Todd Foley Piotr Tulej (GFSE) American Council on Renewable Energy European Commission (EC) Sven Teske (ACORE) Robert K. Dixon Greenpeace International Li Junfeng Global Environment Facility (GEF) Emani Kumar Chinese Renewable Energy Industries Paolo Frankl ICLEI – Local Governments for Association (CREIA) International Energy Agency (IEA) Sustainability, South Asia Kane Thornton Adnan Z. Amin Tetsunari Iida Clean Energy Council (CEC) International Renewable Energy Agency Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes (IRENA) (ISEP) European Renewable Energies Federation Marcel Alers Tomas Kaberger (EREF) United Nations Development Programme Japan Renewable Energy Foundation Steve Sawyer (UNDP) (JREF) Ibrahim Togola Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) Mark Radka Mali Folkecenter / Citizens United for Marietta Sander United Nations Environment Programme Renewable Energy and Sustainability International Geothermal Association (IGA) (UNEP) (CURES) Richard Taylor Pradeep Monga Harry Lehmann International Hydropower Association United Nations Industrial Development World Council for Renewable Energy (IHA) Organisation (UNIDO) (WCRE) Heinz Kopetz Anita Marangoly George Athena Ronquillo Ballesteros World Bioenergy Association (WBA) World Bank World Resources Institute (WRI) Stefan Gsänger Rafael Senga World Wind Energy Association (WWEA) World Wildlife Fund (WWF) MEMBERS AT LARGE NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS SCIENCE AND ACADEMIA Michael Eckhart Mariangela Rebuá de Andrade Simões Nebojsa Nakicenovic Citigroup, Inc. Brazil International Institute for Applied Systems Mohamed El-Ashry Hans Jørgen Koch Analysis (IIASA) United Nations Foundation Denmark David Renné David Hales Tania Rödiger-Vorwerk / Ursula Borak International Solar Energy Society (ISES) Second Nature Germany Kevin Nassiep Kirsty Hamilton Tarun Kapoor South African National Energy Chatham House India Development Institute (SANEDI) Peter Rae Øivind Johansen Rajendra Pachauri REN Alliance Norway The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Arthouros Zervos Lorena Prado National Technical University of Athens Spain (NTUA) Paul Mubiru EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Uganda Christine Lins Thani Ahmed Al Zeyoudi REN21 United Arab Emirates Nick Clements United Kingdom First released in 2005, the annual Renewables Global Status Report provides a comprehensive and timely overview of renewable energy markets, industries,investments, and policy developments worldwide. It enables policymakers, industry, investors, and civil society to make informed decisions. The report covers recent developments, current status, and key trends on all renewable technologies and end-use sectors. By design, it does not provide analysis or forecast. The Renewables Global Status Report relies on up-to-date renewable energy data, provided by an international network of more than 500 contributors, researchers, and authors. 4 KEY FINDINGS 2015 INTRODUCTION There has been a rising awareness worldwide that renewable Policy support for renewables has contributed to a growth in energy and energy efficiency are critical not only for market volume and to strong global competition. Significant addressing climate change, but also for creating new economic cost reductions, especially for solar PV and wind power, have opportunities and for providing energy access to the billions of played a part in the increasing electrification of transportation people still living without modern energy services. Over the past and heating applications, highlighting the potential for further decade, and particularly in recent years, advances in renewable overlap among the sectors in the future. In many countries, energy technologies, global increases in capacity, and rapid renewables are broadly competitive with conventional fuels, cost reductions have been due largely to policy support, which particularly in the power sector. has attracted significant investment and has further driven down In developing countries, distributed renewable energy systems costs through economies of scale. offer an unprecedented opportunity to accelerate the transition Renewable energy continued to grow in 2014 against the to modern energy services and to increase energy access. backdrop of increasing global energy consumption and a Although the falling costs of solar PV have rendered the dramatic decline in oil prices during the second half of the year. technology the most economical source of power for off-grid In 2014, renewable energy expanded significantly in terms of electrification, access to up-front financing or the necessary capacity installed and energy produced, with renewable energy equipment continued to be major barriers in 2014. investments in the power sector outpacing net investments in It is clear that renewables have become a mainstream energy fossil fuel power plants. The most rapid growth and the largest resource. The penetration and use of both variable and non- increase in renewable capacity occurred in the power sector and variable renewables are increasing, thereby contributing to was dominated by three technologies: wind, solar photovoltaic diversification of the energy mix. Many renewable energy (PV), and hydropower. technologies have experienced rapid expansion; however, Development of renewable heating, cooling, and transport still growth in renewables capacity as well as improvements in lags behind that of renewable power. Low fossil fuel prices, energy efficiency are below the rates necessary to achieve the ongoing fossil fuel