Fact Sheet July 19, 2010 Because the Building Sector is key to addressing energy independence and climate change, the success of an energy or climate bill hinges on setting realistic targets for achieving dramatic energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in the Building Sector. Set correctly, these targets can provide a reasonable and beneficial pace for change that will achieve the reductions necessary within the timeline called for by the scientific community. The following facts make clear what these targets need to be and show conclusively that they are achievable: 1. In 2008, the Building Sector was responsible for: • 50.1% of total annual U.S. energy consumption [1], • 49.1% of total annual U.S. GHG emissions [1], • 74.5% of total annual U.S. electricity consumption [2], and • most of the projected 7.34 QBtu increase in U.S. electricity consumption by 2030 [3]. 2. To constrain global warming within 2 °C, the IPCC projects that developed countries must cut their emissions 25% to 40% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 80% to 95% below 1990 levels by 2050, according to the best available scientific analyses. 3. In order to meet the reductions established by the scientific community, President Obama has called for an 83% reduction of U.S. GHG emissions below 2005 levels by 2050, which equates to approximately 80% below 1990 levels. 4. California, with one of the most aggressive and effective building energy codes in the country, Title 24, uses less than half the electricity and, on average, 44% less building energy consumption per capita when compared to states without a statewide building energy code (see Appendix D). 5. Sec. 201 of the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 (H.R. 2454) passed by the House calls for national building code energy reduction targets of: • 30% below the baseline energy code in 2010 [4], • 50% below the baseline energy code in 2014-2015, and • 5% additional reduction every three years to 2029-2030. 6. The targets set in H.R. 2454 are derived from the targets of the ‘2030 Challenge’ [5], a widely adopted, realistically paced strategy for achieving the reductions necessary within the timeline called for by the scientific community. The 2030 Challenge, which has been adopted across the nation, including by the American Institute of Architects, U.S. Conference of Mayors, National Association of Counties, professional and industry organizations, design firms, 73% of the top 30 A/E firms and 40% of all architecture firms, and numerous cities, counties, and states (see Appendix A, B, and C), is now in the process of being implemented. Architecture 2030 Fact Sheet 1 ARCHITECTURE 2030 Fact Sheet 7. Since June 2006, over 70,000 new homes have been designed, built, and certified to meet a minimum 50% energy reduction below the baseline energy code for heating and cooling [6]. 8. Studies by the Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) illustrate that meeting a 30% residential energy consumption reduction target below the baseline energy code will save households in every region of the U.S. between $403 and $612 per year after the cost of efficiency measures is factored in [7]. 9. At current energy prices and mortgage interest rates, NREL estimates that the average cost- neutral point for home efficiency upgrades is a 45% energy reduction below the baseline residential energy code [8]. 10. The national building energy code standards in H.R. 2454, Sec. 201 would reduce building sector energy consumption (see Appendix D) by: • 18.35 Quadrillion Btus from projected 2030 levels (the equivalent of approximately two hundred and forty 1000 MW power plants), saving consumers an estimated $218 billion in annual energy bills (2007 dollars) [9], • 18.7% below 2005 levels by 2030, and • 40.4% below 2005 levels by 2050. 11. The national building energy code standards in H.R. 2454, Sec. 201 would reduce building sector CO2 emissions (see Appendix D) by: • 20.3% below 2005 levels by 2030 and • 48.8% below 2005 levels by 2050, leaving only 34% of President Obama’s 83% Building Sector reduction target to be accomplished with other clean energy sources. It is clear that building energy codes are critical for achieving the energy consumption and GHG emissions reductions needed. Reductions not achieved through energy codes must necessarily be achieved through other clean energy sources, so lesser targets than those established by H.R. 2454, Sec. 201 will necessarily place a greater burden on these other sources. The 30% and 50% targets of H.R. 2454, Sec. 201 have been shown to be both immediately achievable and cost effective and the remaining targets both necessary and reasonably paced. These targets have widespread and deep Building Sector support, and are currently being implemented by A/E firms across the country. Architecture 2030 is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit 501(c)(3) organization, and does not advocate for any specific legislation. The purpose of this Fact Sheet is educational, providing guidance for effective and achievable building energy reduction targets. Architecture 2030 Fact Sheet 2 APPENDIX A 2030 Challenge Adopters & Supporters [10] Organizations and Other Entities _______________________________________________________________________________________Adopters: U.S. Conference of Mayors Resolution #50; unanimously passed for all buildings in all cities. Brought forward by: • Mayor Daley of Chicago • Mayor Chavez of Albuquerque • Mayor Diaz of Miami • Mayor Nickels of Seattle The American Institute of Architects (AIA) U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) State of New Mexico (Governor Bill Richardson executive order) California Energy Commission California Public Utility Commission State of Washington (legislation) State of Illinois (legislation) State of Minnesota (legislation) National Governors Association (NGA) National Association of Counties (NAoC) County of Sarasota, FL (legislation) City of Santa Fe, NM City of Richmond, VA City of Santa Barbara, CA (legislation) Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Environment America International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Society of Building Science Educators (SBSE) AIA Committee on the Environment (AIA/COTE) Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) Union Internationale des Architectes (UIA) American Solar Energy Society (ASES) American Society of Interior Designers (ASID) Cascadia Region Green Building Council Ontario Association of Architects (OAA) Congress for the New Urbanism Royal Architecture Institute of Canada (RAIC) National Wildlife Federation (NWF) U.S. Federal Government – all new and renovated federal buildings _______________________________________________________________________________________Supporters: American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA/Target Finder) Architecture 2030 Fact Sheet 3 APPENDIX B 2030 Challenge Adopters [10] Multi-State & Multi-National Firms 360 Architecture Ellerbe Becket Architecture • Interior • Planning Architecture • Engineering • Construction • Interiors North AMERICA – United States: Columbus, OH; Dallas, TX; Kansas North AMERICA – United States: Dallas, TX; Kansas City, MO; City, MO; San Francisco, CA. Minneapolis, MN; San Francisco, CA; Washington DC. MIDDLE East – United Arab Emirates: Dubai. Qatar: Doha. ADD, Inc. Architecture • Design EwingCole North AMERICA – United States: Boston, MA; Miami FL. Architecture • Engineering • Interiors • Planning North AMERICA – United States: Philadelphia PA; Irvine, CA; BNIM Washington, DC. Architecture • Interiors • Planning • Urban Design • Landscape North AMERICA – United States: Kansas City, MO; Houston, TX; Des Gensler Moines, IA; San Diego, CA; Los Angeles, CA Architecture • Design • Planning • Consulting North AMERICA - United States: Austin, TX; Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, Burt Hill MD; Boston, MA; Charlotte, NC; Chicago, IL: Dallas, TX; Denver, CO; Architecture • Engineering Detroit, MI; Houston, TX; La Crosse, WI; Las Vegas, NV; Los Angeles, North AMERICA – United States: Boston, MA; Butler, PA; Charlotte, NC; CA; Morristown, NJ; New York, NY; Newport Beach CA; Phoenix, AZ; San Cleveland, OH; Miami, FL; New York, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Pittsburgh, Diego, CA; San Francisco, CA; San Jose, CA; San Ramon, CA; Seattle, PA; State College, PA; Washington, DC. MIDDLE East – UAE: Abu WA; Tampa, FL; Washington, DC; ASIA - China: Beijing, PRC; Shanghai, Dhabi; Dubai. ASIA – India: Ahmedabad. PRC; Tokyo, Japan; Europe - United Kingdom: London; MIDDLE East - United Arab Emirates: Dubai; SOUTH AMERICA – Costa Rica: San Callison Jose. Architecture • Design North AMERICA – United States: New York, NY; Los Angeles, CA; Gould Evans Affiliates Dallas, TX. Mexico: Mexico City. MIDDLE East – United Arab Emirates: Architecture Dubai. ASIA – Singapore; China: Shanghai. Europe – United Kingdom: North AMERICA – United States: Lawrence, KS; Kansas City, MO; London. Tampa, FL; Phoenix, AZ; San Francisco, CA. Cannon Design Gresham Smith and Partners Architecture • Engineering Architecture • Engineering • Interiors • Planning North AMERICA – United States: Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Buffalo, North AMERICA – United States: Atlanta, GA; Birmingham, AL; NY; Chicago, IL; St. Louis, MO; New York, NY; Houston, TX; Washington Charlotte, NC; Chipley, NC: Cincinnati, OH; Columbus, OH; Dallas, DC; Phoenix, AZ; Los Angeles, CA; San