High Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey of Lake Superior
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The State of Lake Superior in 2000
THE STATE OF LAKE SUPERIOR IN 2000 SPECIAL PUBLICATION 07-02 The Great Lakes Fishery Commission was established by the Convention on Great Lakes Fisheries between Canada and the United States, which was ratified on October 11, 1955. It was organized in April 1956 and assumed its duties as set forth in the Convention on July 1, 1956. The Commission has two major responsibilities: first, develop coordinated programs of research in the Great Lakes, and, on the basis of the findings, recommend measures which will permit the maximum sustained productivity of stocks of fish of common concern; second, formulate and implement a program to eradicate or minimize sea lamprey populations in the Great Lakes. The Commission is also required to publish or authorize the publication of scientific or other information obtained in the performance of its duties. In fulfillment of this requirement the Commission publishes the Technical Report Series, intended for peer-reviewed scientific literature; Special Publications, designed primarily for dissemination of reports produced by working committees of the Commission; and other (non-serial) publications. Technical Reports are most suitable for either interdisciplinary review and synthesis papers of general interest to Great Lakes fisheries researchers, managers, and administrators, or more narrowly focused material with special relevance to a single but important aspect of the Commission's program. Special Publications, being working documents, may evolve with the findings of and charges to a particular committee. Both publications follow the style of the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. Sponsorship of Technical Reports or Special Publications does not necessarily imply that the findings or conclusions contained therein are endorsed by the Commission. -
Restoration of Woodland Caribou to the Lake Superior Region
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers National Park Service 1994 Restoration of Woodland Caribou to the Lake Superior Region Peter J. P. Gogan Yellowstone National Park Jean Fitts Cochrane USFWS, Anchorage, AL Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlpark Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Gogan, Peter J. P. and Cochrane, Jean Fitts, "Restoration of Woodland Caribou to the Lake Superior Region" (1994). U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers. 11. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlpark/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the National Park Service at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 9 Restoration of woodland caribou to the Lake Superior region PETER J. P. GOGAN AND JEAN FITTS COCHRANE Introduction Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) historically occupied the boreal forest zone across the North American continent. The distribution and abun dance of the species has declined in the past century. In particular, it has been extirpated from much of the southern limits of its historical range on both sides of the boundary between Canada and the United States (Bergerud 1974). Translocation of animals from extant populations may be used to reestablish populations in portions of the species' former range. Recently, wildlife biolo gists in Ontario have translocated woodland caribou to a number of sites in or adjacent to Lake Superior. While it is too soon to evaluate their long-term suc cess, these restoration efforts do provide useful insights into factors likely to influence the outcome of woodland caribou translocations elsewhere. -
N Shore L. Superior: Geology, Scenery
THESE TERMS GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontario’s Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) as a public service, on an “as-is” basis. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed in the Content are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statement of government policy. You are solely responsible for your use of the Content. You should not rely on the Content for legal advice nor as authoritative in your particular circumstances. Users should verify the accuracy and applicability of any Content before acting on it. MNDM does not guarantee, or make any warranty express or implied, that the Content is current, accurate, complete or reliable. MNDM is not responsible for any damage however caused, which results, directly or indirectly, from your use of the Content. MNDM assumes no legal liability or responsibility for the Content whatsoever. Links to Other Web Sites: This Content may contain links, to Web sites that are not operated by MNDM. Linked Web sites may not be available in French. MNDM neither endorses nor assumes any responsibility for the safety, accuracy or availability of linked Web sites or the information contained on them. The linked Web sites, their operation and content are the responsibility of the person or entity for which they were created or maintained (the “Owner”). -
Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary Proposal
Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary Nomination, Lake Superior, MI Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary Proposal Lake Superior, Michigan – 2017 1 12-1-2017 Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary Nomination, Lake Superior, MI Section I - Basics Nomination Title: Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary, Lake Superior, MI Nominator Name(s) and Affiliation(s): Darryl Ertel of the Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve (WPUP) one of the State of Michigan’s 13 designated underwater preserves, which operates under the authority of the Paradise Area Tourism Council a 501C3 not for profit organization, serves as the nominator on behalf of a truly grass roots group of supporting affiliate collaborators and supporters as presented under Consideration 7. Nomination Point of Contact - Name, Phone, Email, Address Darryl Ertel P.O. Box 318 Paradise, MI 49768 810-247-4583 [email protected] Section II - Introduction Narrative Description – a brief overview of the nomination This nomination area resides within the Michigan waters of Lake Superior described by noted Great Lakes shipwreck author, Frederick Stonehouse, in his book “Lake Superior’s Shipwreck Coast”. Stonehouse writes therein “If there is truly a graveyard of Lake Superior, it is the general area of Whitefish Point. More vessels have been lost there than any other part of the lake.” Stonehouse lists over 100 vessels lost between Grand Marais MI, west of Whitefish Point and Pt. Iroquois MI, southeast of Whitefish Point. Less than half of these shipwrecks have been found and documented to date. Several shipwrecks of historical significance have been found in amazingly well-preserved condition including the Comet, Cowle, Vienna, Osborn, and Mather as documented in GLSHS’ project report “The Art and Science of Mapping Lake Superior’s Shipwrecks: Ghosts of the Shipwreck Coast” 1. -
Section 5.0 Existing Environment
SECTION 5.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT MARATHON PGM-CU PROJECT Environmental Impact Statement – Main Report 5.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT This section provides a summary of existing physical, biological and socio-environment baseline conditions as it relates to the proposed SCI Marathon PGM Copper Project. 5.1 Geology Detailed information regarding regional and deposit geology, host material geochemistry and seismicity are provided by EcoMetrix (2012b, 2012d, 2012e) and MICON (2010). The following sections provide a summary of this information. 5.1.1 Work Scope The geology within the study area is described in terms of the following components: geological components of the region and deposit; regional seismicity; mine material investigations; and, characterization of overburden, mine rock, and Type 1 (low-sulphur) and Type 2 (high- sulphur) process solids in terms of acid rock drainage and metal leaching potential. Predicted pit water quality post-mine closure and the filling of the pits is also described in this section. 5.1.2 Regional Geology The Marathon PGM-Cu deposit is hosted within the Eastern Gabbro Series of the Proterozoic Coldwell Complex, which intrudes and bisects the much older Archean Schreiber-Hemlo Greenstone Belt. The sub-circular complex has a diameter of 25 km and a surface area of 580 km2 and is the largest alkaline intrusive complex in North America (Walker et al., 1993a). The Coldwell Complex was emplaced as three nested intrusive centres (Centres I, II and III) (Mitchell and Platt, 1982) that were active during cauldron subsidence near where the northern end of the Thiel Fault intersected Archean rocks, on the north shore of Lake Superior (Figure 5.1-1). -
Lighthouses – Clippings
GREAT LAKES MARINE COLLECTION MILWAUKEE PUBLIC LIBRARY/WISCONSIN MARINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY MARINE SUBJECT FILES LIGHTHOUSE CLIPPINGS Current as of November 7, 2018 LIGHTHOUSE NAME – STATE - LAKE – FILE LOCATION Algoma Pierhead Light – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan - Algoma Alpena Light – Michigan – Lake Huron - Alpena Apostle Islands Lights – Wisconsin – Lake Superior - Apostle Islands Ashland Harbor Breakwater Light – Wisconsin – Lake Superior - Ashland Ashtabula Harbor Light – Ohio – Lake Erie - Ashtabula Badgeley Island – Ontario – Georgian Bay, Lake Huron – Badgeley Island Bailey’s Harbor Light – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan – Bailey’s Harbor, Door County Bailey’s Harbor Range Lights – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan – Bailey’s Harbor, Door County Bala Light – Ontario – Lake Muskoka – Muskoka Lakes Bar Point Shoal Light – Michigan – Lake Erie – Detroit River Baraga (Escanaba) (Sand Point) Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – Sand Point Barber’s Point Light (Old) – New York – Lake Champlain – Barber’s Point Barcelona Light – New York – Lake Erie – Barcelona Lighthouse Battle Island Lightstation – Ontario – Lake Superior – Battle Island Light Beaver Head Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – Beaver Island Beaver Island Harbor Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – St. James (Beaver Island Harbor) Belle Isle Lighthouse – Michigan – Lake St. Clair – Belle Isle Bellevue Park Old Range Light – Michigan/Ontario – St. Mary’s River – Bellevue Park Bete Grise Light – Michigan – Lake Superior – Mendota (Bete Grise) Bete Grise Bay Light – Michigan – Lake Superior -
G-012011-1E Geological Precambrian Timeline Midwest
Copper Harbor Conglomerate Gunflint Formation: Breccia with white quartz Precambrian Geologic Events in the Mid-Continent of North America G-012011-1E 1 inch (Century Mine, Upper Peninsula MI) (Sibley Peninsula, Thunder Bay, ON) Compiled by: Steven D.J. Baumann, Alexandra B. Cory, Micaela M. Krol, Elisa J. Piispa Updated March 2013 Oldest known rock showing a dipole magnetic field: red dacite in Austrailia Paleomagnetic Line 3,800 3,700 3,600 3,500 3,400 3,300 3,200 3,100 3,000 2,900 2,800 2,700 2,600 2,500 2,400 2,300 2,200 2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 Paleozoic Period Siderian Rhyacian Orosirian Statherian Calymmian Ectasian Stenian Tonian Cryogenian Ediacaran Eoarchean Paleoarchean Mesoarchean Neoarchean Era Paleoproterozoic Mesoproterozoic Neoproterozoic Eon Archean Proterozoic Pass Lake Kama Hill Sibley Group Sediments (Sibley Basin, Thunder Bay Area, ON) McGrath Gneiss McGrath Complex (EC MN) Metamorphic and cataclastic event Formation Formation Outan Island Formation Nipigon Formation Recent Era of Great Mid-continent Basin Formation (MI, IL, IA, IN, KY, MO) 2 inches Marshfield Archean Gneiss (C WI) Linwood Archean Migmatite (C WI) Sudbury Dike Swarm (SE ON) Quinnesec Formation Intrusions (NE WI) Quinnesec Formation Metamorphism (NE WI) Hatfield Gneiss (WC WI) Pre-Quinnesec Formations deposited (NE WI) Upper Rove Formation Baraboo Quartzite LEGEND (Sibley Peninsula, Thunder Bay, ON) Gray granodioritic phase Montevideo Gneiss (SW MN) Red granite phase Montevideo Gneiss -
North Lake Superior Métis
The Historical Roots of Métis Communities North of Lake Superior Gwynneth C. D. Jones Vancouver, B. C. 31 March 2015. Prepared for the Métis Nation of Ontario Table of Contents Introduction 3 Section I: The Early Fur Trade and Populations to 1821 The Fur Trade on Lakes Superior and Nipigon, 1600 – 1763 8 Post-Conquest Organization of the Fur Trade, 1761 – 1784 14 Nipigon, Michipicoten, Grand Portage, and Mixed-Ancestry Fur Trade Employees, 1789 - 1804 21 Grand Portage, Kaministiquia, and North West Company families, 1799 – 1805 29 Posts and Settlements, 1807 – 1817 33 Long Lake, 1815 – 1818 40 Michipicoten, 1817 – 1821 44 Fort William/Point Meuron, 1817 – 1821 49 The HBC, NWC and Mixed-Ancestry Populations to 1821 57 Fur Trade Culture to 1821 60 Section II: From the Merger to the Treaty: 1821 - 1850 After the Merger: Restructuring the Fur Trade and Associated Populations, 1821 - 1826 67 Fort William, 1823 - 1836 73 Nipigon, Pic, Long Lake and Michipicoten, 1823 - 1836 79 Families in the Lake Superior District, 1825 - 1835 81 Fur Trade People and Work, 1825 - 1841 85 "Half-breed Indians", 1823 - 1849 92 Fur Trade Culture, 1821 - 1850 95 Section III: The Robinson Treaties, 1850 Preparations for Treaty, 1845 - 1850 111 The Robinson Treaty and the Métis, 1850 - 1856 117 Fur Trade Culture on Lake Superior in the 1850s 128 After the Treaty, 1856 - 1859 138 2 Section IV: Persistence of Fur Trade Families on Lakes Superior and Nipigon, 1855 - 1901 Infrastructure Changes in the Lake Superior District, 1863 - 1921 158 Investigations into Robinson-Superior Treaty paylists, 1879 - 1899 160 The Dominion Census of 1901 169 Section V: The Twentieth Century Lake Nipigon Fisheries, 1884 - 1973 172 Métis Organizations in Lake Nipigon and Lake Superior, 1971 - 1973 180 Appendix: Maps and Illustrations Watercolour, “Miss Le Ronde, Hudson Bay Post, Lake Nipigon”, 1867?/1901 Map of Lake Nipigon in T. -
Annual Report 2018–2019
Ecological Studies of Wolves on Isle Royale Annual Report 2018–2019 Sarah R. Hoy, Rolf O. Peterson, and John A. Vucetich School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University Houghton, Michigan USA 49931-1295 March 31, 2019 During the past year, major support for these studies was received from the National Science Foundation (DEB-1453041), National Park Service (CESU Task Agreement No. P16AC000004), a McIntyre-Stennis Grant (USDA-Nifa #1004363), Rob- ert Bateman Endowment at the Michigan Tech Fund, James L. Bigley Revocable Trust, and Detroit Zoological Society. For the period, March 1, 2018 through February 28, 2019, additional contributions were received from the following organizations and individuals: Dianne W. Ashley, Karen A. Bacula, Dorthey L. Behrend, William and Merlene Black, Terri L. Bocklund, Jerry and Jennifer Boeckman, Ryan M. Bottorff, Joseph V. Brazie, Sheri A. Buller, David Carl, Violet Carl, Michael Casner, Jacqueline Chapin, Alex M. Christensen, Alison J. Clarke, Donald C. Close, Nicholas Conrardy, James Deignan, Detroit Zoological Society, Ronald and Barbara Eckoff, Mary C. Edgar, James Eder, Wendy Evans, Ronald L. Felzer, William and Shirley Ferguson, Gaylon and Sharon Ford, Larry Fuerst and Suzanne Scott, Marjorie H. Freeman, C. Michael and K. A. George, Charles and Barbara Grade, Edith N. Greene, Randolf A. Gschwind, John and Heidi Harland- er, Christine I. Hammond, Hal W. Hanson, Russ Harrison and Karen Fulcher, Carolyn Hefferman, John H. Heidtke, John Heneghan, Steve Hodges and Lori Checkley, Jeffrey Holden and Sandra Noll, Fred Hutchings, Robert and Sally Irmiger, Kellogg’s Corporation Citizenship Fund, Dr. Paul M. Kotila, Roddie Larsen, Dana and Donna Lowell, William and Nicole Maier, Michael J. -
Assimilation Through Incarceration: The
ASSIMILATION THROUGH INCARCERATION: THE GEOGRAPHIC IMPOSITION OF CANADIAN LAW OVER INDIGENOUS PEOPLES by Madelaine Christine Jacobs A thesis submitted to the Department of Geography in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada (September, 2012) Copyright ©Madelaine Christine Jacobs, 2012 Abstract The disproportionate incarceration of indigenous peoples in Canada is far more than a socio- economic legacy of colonialism. The Department of Indian Affairs (DIA) espoused incarceration as a strategic instrument of assimilation. Colonial consciousness could not reconcile evolving indigenous identities with projects of state formation founded on the epistemological invention of populating idle land with productive European settlements. The 1876 Indian Act instilled a stubborn, albeit false, categorization deep within the structures of the Canadian state: “Indian,” ward of the state. From “Indian” classification conferred at birth, the legal guardianship of the state was so far-reaching as to make it akin to the control of incarcerated inmates. As early iterations of the DIA sought to enforce the legal dominion of the state, “Indians” were quarantined on reserves until they could be purged of indigenous identities that challenged colonial hegemony. Reserve churches, council houses, and schools were symbolic markers as well as practical conveyors of state programs. Advocates of Christianity professed salvation and taught a particular idealized morality as prerequisites to acceptable membership in Canadian society. Agricultural instructors promoted farming as a transformative act in the individual ownership of land. Alongside racializing religious edicts and principles of stewardship, submission to state law was a critical precondition of enfranchisement into the adult milieu. -
Seeking Advice on the Future of Caribou in the Lake Superior Coast Range
Seeking Advice on the Future of Caribou in the Lake Superior Coast Range BLEED Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry March 2018 Cover Photo: Hidehiro Otake Page 2 | Seeking Advice on the Future of Caribou in the Lake Superior Coast Range Contents Introduction 2 The Policy Context 4 Caribou in the Lake Superior Coast Range and Discontinuous Distribution 6 Historical Status 6 The Current State 9 The Mainland and Nearshore Islands 9 The Large Off-Shore Islands 9 The Discontinuous Distribution (DD) 10 Key Threats and Challenges to the LSCR Population 11 Climate Change 11 Island Biogeography 11 Possible Management Approaches 12 We Want to Know What You Think 13 Page 1 | Seeking Advice on the Future of Caribou in the Lake Superior Coast Range Figure 1. Boreal Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) walking along the shoreline of Lake Superior. We Want to Hear From You Photo credit: Hidehiro Otake The purpose of this document is to get Introduction your input to inform development of a management approach for caribou in Boreal caribou, listed as threatened under Ontario’s Endangered Species the Lake Superior Coast Range and Act, 2007, are an important part of healthy boreal forest ecosystems. Discontinuous Distribution. Currently, boreal caribou are found across most of northern Ontario, where distribution of the species is generally continuous across broad landscapes. Thirteen caribou ranges have been delineated in this region (Figure 1). Farther south, along the northeast shore of Lake Superior, the Lake Superior Coast Range (LSCR) supports isolated populations of caribou. This represents the most southerly population of boreal caribou in Canada. -
Volcanic Bedrock Lakeshore Community Abstract
Volcanic Bedrock Lakeshore CommunityVolcanic Bedrock Lakeshore, Abstract Page 1 Community Range Prevalent or likely prevalent Infrequent or likely infrequent Photo by Michael A. Kost Absent or likely absent Overview: Volcanic bedrock lakeshore, a sparsely In Michigan, the most extensive areas occur on Isle vegetated community, is dominated by mosses and Royale, where there are over 150 miles (240 km) of lichen, with only scattered coverage of vascular plants. bedrock shoreline, including several nearby smaller This Great Lakes coastal plant community, which has islands, such as Washington, Thompson, Amygdaloid, been defined broadly to include all types of volcanic Conglomerate, Long, and Caribou islands. On the bedrock, including basalt, conglomerate composed of Keweenaw Peninsula, volcanic bedrock lakeshore volcanic rock, and rhyolite, is located primarily along extends along more than 40 miles (60 km) of shoreline, the Lake Superior shoreline on the Keweenaw Peninsula including Manitou Island east of the mainland. Volcanic and Isle Royale. bedrock lakeshore is prevalent in Subsections IX.7.2 (Calumet) and IX.7.3 (Isle Royale) and occurs locally Global/State Rank: G4G5/S3 within Subsection IX.2 (Michigamme Highland) (Albert 1995; Albert et al. 1997a, 1997b, 2008). Range: Volcanic bedrock lakeshore occurs where volcanic rock is exposed along the Lake Superior Rank Justification: Volcanic bedrock lakeshore has shoreline, including Isle Royale and the Keweenaw been extensively sampled in Michigan as part of a Peninsula in Michigan, as well as along the shoreline survey and classification of bedrock shorelines along in Ontario and Minnesota. In Ontario, the arctic- the entire Michigan Great Lakes shoreline (Albert et alpine flora is relatively rare along the Great Lakes al.