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G-012011-1E Geological Precambrian Timeline Midwest

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G-012011-1E Geological Precambrian Timeline Midwest Copper Harbor Conglomerate Gunflint Formation: Breccia with white quartz Precambrian Geologic Events in the Mid-Continent of North America G-012011-1E 1 inch (Century Mine, Upper Peninsula MI) (Sibley Peninsula, Thunder Bay, ON) Compiled by: Steven D.J. Baumann, Alexandra B. Cory, Micaela M. Krol, Elisa J. Piispa Updated March 2013 Oldest known rock showing a dipole magnetic field: red dacite in Austrailia Paleomagnetic Line 3,800 3,700 3,600 3,500 3,400 3,300 3,200 3,100 3,000 2,900 2,800 2,700 2,600 2,500 2,400 2,300 2,200 2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 Paleozoic Period Siderian Rhyacian Orosirian Statherian Calymmian Ectasian Stenian Tonian Cryogenian Ediacaran Eoarchean Paleoarchean Mesoarchean Neoarchean Era Paleoproterozoic Mesoproterozoic Neoproterozoic Eon Archean Proterozoic Pass Lake Kama Hill Sibley Group Sediments (Sibley Basin, Thunder Bay Area, ON) McGrath Gneiss McGrath Complex (EC MN) Metamorphic and cataclastic event Formation Formation Outan Island Formation Nipigon Formation Recent Era of Great Mid-continent Basin Formation (MI, IL, IA, IN, KY, MO) 2 inches Marshfield Archean Gneiss (C WI) Linwood Archean Migmatite (C WI) Sudbury Dike Swarm (SE ON) Quinnesec Formation Intrusions (NE WI) Quinnesec Formation Metamorphism (NE WI) Hatfield Gneiss (WC WI) Pre-Quinnesec Formations deposited (NE WI) Upper Rove Formation Baraboo Quartzite LEGEND (Sibley Peninsula, Thunder Bay, ON) Gray granodioritic phase Montevideo Gneiss (SW MN) Red granite phase Montevideo Gneiss (SW MN) High-grade metamorphism Basal Sioux Rhyolites Sioux Quartzite (SW MN, SE-SC SD, NW IA, NE NB) (North Limb, Rock Springs, WI) North Shore Volcanics (EC NE MN, S ON) = Shallow Igneous Marquette & Marcellon Rhyolite Tuffs (SC WI) ? Waterloo and related Quartzites (EC WI) Mellen Intrusions (N WI) Mineral Lake Intrusions (N WI) = Deep Igneous Cedar Rapids & Washington County Quartzites (SE IA) 0.5 inches Biotite gneiss and amphibolite Migmatic granite and pegmatite Morton-Sacred Heart Granitic Terrain (SW MN) Sacred Heart Granite copper and zinc mineralization (N WI) ? Morton-Sacred Heart Granitic Terrain (SW MN) = Rift or Caldera Powder Mill Group Volcanics (N WI, UP MI) Bergland Group Volcanics (N WI, UP MI) Montello Granite Intrusion (NC WI) Stettin & Wausau Syenite Complexes (C WI) = Hydrothermal Event deposition of copper deposits (UP MI) Camery Lake Gneiss Baxter Hollow Granite Intrusion (SC WI) Ninemile Granite (C WI) Seely Slate Dake Quartzite Freedom Formation Slate Creek Rowley Marathon Lamprophyres (S ON) = Ash Flows Algoma Series Granites (ON) Baraboo sands deposited Post Baraboo formations deposited (SC WI) Southern Ontario-Michisota Crustal Collapse Caldwell Complex Basalts (S ON) Crystal Lake Gabbro (S ON) = Sedimentary Wolf River Intrusion (C WI) Keewatin Series Volcanics (Sudbury, ON area) McGrath Gneiss & Ortonville Granite (EC MN) Southern Minnesota-Wisconsin Crustal Collapse Baraga-Marquette (Little Mountain Dikes) (UP MI) = Sedimentary Wolf River Hydrothermal Event (SC-C WI) Michipicoten Greenstone Belt (Wawa ON) = Banded Iron Formation (Sedimentary) Lyon County Gneiss Baraboo Rhyolites (SC WI) Ely’s Peak Basalt (2,532mya) (NW IA) Metamorphism of Baraboo, Souix, & Waterloo Quartzites (SC EC WI) Otter Creek Mafic Complex Matlock Banded Iron Formation (NW IA) (2,890mya) (NW IA) ? Marathon-Abitibi Lamprophyre Dikes (S ON) 2 inches Jacobsville Sandstone = Baraboo Sedimentary Baraboo/Sioux Interval (Wisconsin, Minnesota, South Dakota) (Root River, Sault Ste. Marie, ON) Portage Lake Volcanics (UP MI & NW WI) = Sedimentary Rocks with some glacial Watersmeet amphibolite-gneiss leucogranite intrusions deposition of copper, gold, and uranium deposits (S ON) diamictites Watersmeet amphibolite-gneiss Powder Mill Group (UP MI) 4 inches Watersmeet initial metamorphic event ? (second metamorphic event) Watersmeet third metamorphic event = Baraboo and Related Metamorphism deposition of sedimentary rocks within the Watersmeet volcanics ? Watersmeet fifth metamorphic event Watersmeet tonalite (emplacement) Watersmeet gneiss (W UP) Watersmeet gneiss (W UP) Thayer Granite Watersmeet fourth metamorphic event Eastern Granite/Rhyolite Southern Granite/ = Metamorphism (all colors) metamorphism of Marshfield copper deposition of sedimentary rocks within the Marshfield Exotic Terrane ? Rhyolite Interval Marshfield Exotic Terrane (NW IA) ? Exotic Terrane Interval (NE NB -NW IL) mineralization in the (SE NB) Nonesuch = Unsure Time-span (all colors) East Bull Lake Magma Suite (ON) Initial Huronian Compression Event Central Iowa Arch Granite (SC IA) Green Island Plutonic Group Quimby Granite (1,433mya) (NW IA) (1,485mya) (E IA, NW IL) Hull Keatophre Jacobsville Formation (ON, UP MI) (1,782mya) (NW IA) Spencer Granite (NW IA) Bear Lake Rhyolite Stock (1,062mya) = Basin Formation Clastic and chemical Sediments in Beardmore-Geraldton Belt (Lake Nipigon ON) Cobalt Formation Nonesuch Camp Quest Gneiss Harris Granite Nippissing metamorphism of (1,804mya) (NW IA) Orienta Formation Devils Island Formation Group (2,065mya) (NW IA) Freda Chequamegon Formation Intrusions Camp Quest Gneiss Oronto Group (N WI, UP MI) ConglomerateCopper Harbor Bayfield Group (N WI, UP MI) = Regional Compression Jubilee Stock (Wawa ON) Huronian Formation Volcanics Central Plains Interval (Iowa, Nebraska, Missouri) Lakeshore Traps (1,087.2mya) Michipicoten Island Intrusion (1,086mya) Matachewan Diabase (Algoma, ON) Elliot Lake Hough Lake Lorrain Huronian Hydrothermal Event Group Group Group Lake Quirke Formation Gowganda Formation Gordon LakeFormation Formation River Bar Athelstane (Amberg) Pink Granite (NE WI) Nopeming Sandstone (NE MN) = Ore deposition Amberg Gray Granite (NE WI) Huronian Supergroup second metamorphic of the Marquette Range Supergroup Bessemer Quartzite (UP MI & NW WI) Lower Red Clastics (C IA) Upper Red Clastics (C IA) = Mountain Building Event Huronian Interval (Southern Ontario) initial metamorphism of the Marquette Range Supergroup third metamorphic of the Marquette Range Supergroup Fond du Lac du Fond Formation Solor Church Group (E-SE MN) Sandstone Hinckley Bayfield Group (NE-E-SE MN, NW WI) Dickerson Group Placer deposits of Uranium in diamictites Hiawatha Graywacke = Meteor Impact Stambaugh Formation Paint River Group = Glacial Event Six-Mile Lake Lake Six-Mile Amphibolite Solberg Schist East Branch Arkose Iron River/Crystal Falls District Greenstone Badwater Fortune Lakes Slate Dunn Creek Slate Iron Formation Riverton Deposition of the Mona Schist, Light House Point Member Vulcan Iron Formation = Known Supercontinents unknown event resetting of dates in felsic intrusions or true dates ? 3 inches Deposition of the Mona Schist, Undivided Fern Creek Formation Sturgeon Randville Dolostone Menominee Range Felch Michigamme Slate Gowganda Argillite, Quartzite Formation = Accretion of Supercontinents Metamorphism of the entire Mona Schist Lake Superior Interval (MN, WI, UP MI, ON) Huronian Supergroup Kona sulfide and copper depositional mineralization (Route 638, Leeburn, ON) = Break-up of Supercontinents Bell Creek Gneiss Compeau Creek Gneiss Baraga Group Middle Run Formation (E IN, NC KY, W OH) 1 inch Syenite Intrusion in the Huronian Supergroup Group Route 17, Dresbrats, ON) Bell-Compeau Creek Complex Menominee Ajibik Formation Formation Siamo Enchantment Lake Wewe Formation Marquette Iron Range VolcanicsHemlock Iron Bijiki Formation Michigammee = Large Continents within or independent Menominee Range and Marquette Iron Range Formation Mesnard Quartzite Quartzite Goodrich Black Michigammee MemberIron Slate and Formation Kona/Saunders Formation of Supercontinents Negaunee Iron Formation ) unnamed basalts primary Copps Michigammee SE MO Ramsay Formation Sunday Quartzite Bad River Dolostone Eastern Gogebic Iron Range Formation Formation = Regional BIF depositional events metamorphic event Formation Iron Ironwood Endion Sill Palms Tyler = Continent wide metamorphic regime Western Gogebic Iron Range Formation Formation Animikie Group Emperor Volcanics ? ) = Era of major craton emplacement Chocolay Group Cloud River NW Dike dated unnamed basement basalts (W OH) Kekabeka Gunflint Rove MO SE Gunflint Range Quartzite Gunflint Chert Carbonate-Iron Formation Formation (1,325mya) (1,284mya) Victoria River NW Dike = Sudbury impact layer present Puritan Quartz Monzonite Monzonite Quartz Puritan Pokegama Virginia Mesabi Range and Emily District Unnamed Quartzite on top of the Quartzite Biwabik Iron Formation Formation Logan Sills Reany Creek Formation Precambrian Stramatolitic Carbonates ( Carbonates Precambrian Stramatolitic Tuffaceous BIF ( Hardwood Gneiss (S UP MI) Marquette Range Supergroup Carbonate Unnamed Iron-Chert = Questionable event Member Slate Black Michigammee ? Michigammee Middlebrook Group & Older Ash Flows &Tuffs (SE MO) Ketcherside Tuff (SE MO) Nipigon Sills Reany Creek Formation Baraga & Dead River Basins Formation Firmly Dated NE Dike ) Pigeon River Dikes Lorraine Quartzite, ? = Known only from seismic profiling, Hawn Park Foliated Granodiorite (SE MO) exact chronological position is unknown Mille Lacs Group SE MO Huronian Supergroup Baraga Group 3 inches Osler Group Volcanics ) Sananaga Tonalite Sananaga Batholith (Route 17, Echo Bay, ON) Silvermine Granite (SE MO) unnamed (1,870mya) Emily Member Icarus Pluton North Range Group Logan Igneous Suite (Thunder Bay area, ON) Formation Lake Rabbit Royal Gorge Rhyolite( Gorge Royal Denham Formation Trout Lake Formation Cuyuna Range Mahnomen Mahnomen Formation
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