Xxi 85 2014 ANO XXI - Setembro 2014 - Nº 85

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Xxi 85 2014 ANO XXI - Setembro 2014 - Nº 85 set 2014 edição 85 ANO xXI ANO XXI - edição 85 setembro 2014 ANO XXI - Setembro 2014 - nº 85 CAPA TIK (estojo para guardar a Torá) em madeira revestida de prata, com RIMONIM (enfeites no feitio de romãs) Paris, circa 1860 Carta ao leitor O Povo Judeu sempre se une diante de grandes desafios. As cartas de leitores enviadas aos principais jornais do Os últimos meses foram tempos difíceis, tanto para os país revelam que o povo brasileiro também compreende a judeus que vivem em Israel como para os da Diáspora. Em situação de Israel. Somos muitos gratos a todos aqueles que Israel, nosso povo luta contra grupos fundamentalistas que estão ao nosso lado durante esta época difícil. declaram publicamente que visam a aniquilar o Estado É importante ressaltar que, durante o conflito em Gaza, de Israel e exterminar todo o Povo Judeu. Fora de Israel, muitos países árabes, que costumam condenar Israel de os judeus enfrentam o ressurgimento do antissemitismo antemão, mantiveram-se em silêncio. Vários deles, que ostensivo e violento. Não há mais como negar que nem sequer reconhecem a existência do Estado de Israel, antissionismo é uma forma disfarçada de antissemitismo. culparam os grupos que controlam Gaza pelo conflito. Essa O atual conflito entre Israel e as organizações terroristas que mudança de postura política é resultado das atrocidades controlam Gaza se iniciou com o sequestro e assassinato de que ocorrem, atualmente, no Oriente Médio. Os líderes três jovens judeus, seguido pelo lançamento de milhares de árabes moderados finalmente se conscientizaram de que o mísseis contra as principais cidades israelenses. O Estado terrorismo e o fundamentalismo representam uma ameaça Judeu viu-se obrigado a iniciar uma operação militar para não apenas a Israel e ao Ocidente, mas também ao mundo garantir a segurança de seus cidadãos. árabe. Os dirigentes da maioria dos países árabes sabem, ainda que não o admitam publicamente, que Israel luta Ao longo do conflito, Israel tem polarizado a atenção contra organizações que ameaçam não apenas o Estado mundial. Muitas pessoas apoiaram a operação militar Judeu e o Oriente Médio, mas o mundo todo. israelense, pois estão cientes de que Israel tem não apenas o direito, mas a obrigação de defender seus cidadãos contra Nós, judeus que vivemos fora de Israel – junto com chuvas de mísseis lançados de Gaza contra a população nossos amigos e aliados – defenderemos Israel contra civil israelense. Em Gaza, mesquitas, hospitais e escolas as mentiras criadas e disseminadas por antissemitas. Ao são utilizados para esconder foguetes e lançá-los contra as mesmo tempo, o Estado de Israel continuará a defender os cidades israelenses. judeus da Diáspora na luta contra o ódio, a intolerância e o Entretanto, são inúmeras as acusações divulgadas pela mídia antissemitismo. M de que Israel não se importa com a morte de civis. as, O ex-Primeiro-Ministro da Espanha, José Maria Aznar, qualquer pessoa familiarizada com a história do povo declarou: “Se Israel tombar, todos nós tombaremos”. Israel judeu sabe quão profundamente os judeus respeitam a não tombará. E o restante do mundo também não. Cedo ou vida humana. A verdade é que, em toda a história militar, tarde, a verdade prevalecerá sobre a mentira, a luz sobre a nenhum exército envolvido em conflito armado tomou tanto escuridão, a paz sobre a violência e a vida sobre a morte. cuidado para proteger a vida de civis quanto Israel o faz, ô diariamente, chegando mesmo a p r em risco a vida de seus Aproximam-se os dias sagrados de Rosh Hashaná, em que próprios soldados. D’us decide o futuro de todas as Suas criaturas. Que neste Não há outra nação que lamente mais a perda de vidas novo ano judaico, D’us abençoe o Estado de Israel, os humanas, israelenses ou palestinas, do que Israel. Como bem judeus da Diáspora e o mundo todo com uma paz que seja o disse o Nobel da Paz, Elie Wiesel, “Os pais palestinos, verdadeira e duradoura. assim como os israelenses, almejam um futuro promissor para seus filhos. E ambos deveriam estar unidos pela paz”. SHANÁ TOVÁ UMETUCÁ! Nos últimos meses, presenciamos a eclosão do antissemitismo, principalmente na Europa, mas o Povo Judeu viu que pode contar com o apoio de bons amigos ao redor do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. Muitos jornalistas defendem o direito e a obrigação de Israel de se defender. NOSSAS FESTAS Rosh Hashaná: Dia de Novos Começos A Haftará lida no primeiro dia de Rosh Hashaná conta a história de Hanna. Trata-se da história de uma mulher estéril, que se tornou um dos modelos históricos do fervor da oração. Em resposta à sua súplica, do fundo do coração, D’us a fez mãe de Shmuel, o maior dos Juízes, um profeta comparado a Moshé e Aaron. por Zevi Ghivelder hmuel se tornou o durante uma visita a Shiló, Eli, o Cohen Gadol, observava líder da nação durante um Hanna foi ao Tabernáculo para Hanna enquanto ela orava. Somente de seus períodos abrir seu coração a D’us. Eli, seus lábios se moviam, mas sua voz s mais difíceis e ele a trouxe o Cohen Gadol, estava sentado não se fazia ouvir. Eli, então, pensa de volta à sua glória no umbral da porta, de onde que ela estivesse bêbada. Ele fica anterior. De sua casa em Ramah, a observava. “Ela estava perplexo com sua conduta – Hanna ele viajou por toda a Terra de Israel, profundamente amargurada”, conta- era uma das mulheres mais justas ensinando, julgando e inspirando. nos o Livro de Samuel (Shmuel, à época – e ele se volta aos Urim Além disso, foi o profeta que ungiu 1:10), “e ela orou ao Eterno, v’Tumim buscando uma resposta. os primeiros dois reis do Povo Judeu chorando muito”. Hanna chorava Urim v’Tumim eram 12 pedras – Shaul e David. porque, como ensinam nossos Sábios, preciosas afixadas no peitoral usado os portões das lágrimas nunca se pelo Cohen Gadol, nas quais estavam O Livro de Shmuel se inicia com a fecham (Talmud, Berachot 32b). gravados os nomes das tribos. história de Hanna, mulher de Elkaná. E ela faz um voto: “Eterno, Senhor Ela era uma mulher que desejava um dos Exércitos! Se olhares para a De acordo com o Zohar, os Urim filho mais do que tudo no mundo. aflição da Tua serva, Te lembrares v’Tumim eram os Nomes de D’us Mas, há dez anos ela tentava, em vão, de mim e não Te esqueceres da de 42 e de 72 letras, colocados nas engravidar. O Tanach nos conta que Tua serva, e deres à Tua serva um dobras do peitoral, que faziam com Elkaná e sua família costumavam descendente, eu o darei ao Eterno que as letras gravadas nas pedras fazer peregrinações a Shiló, onde por todos os dias da sua vida...” se acendessem sequencialmente, de havia um Tabernáculo, um Mishkan – (ibid 1:11). Hanna prometeu que se modo a emitir uma resposta a uma o predecessor do Templo Sagrado de fosse abençoada com um filho, ela o pergunta feita pelo Sumo Sacerdote. Jerusalém. O líder da nação, à época, dedicaria exclusivamente a D’us. que oficiava nesse Santuário, era Os Sábios nos dizem que Hanna Eli consultou os Urim v’Tumim Eli, o Cohen Gadol, um dos maiores pediu por um filho que fosse notável e quatro letras se acendem: Shin, juízes, sucessor de Sansão. Certa vez, por sua sabedoria e piedade. Resh, Kaf, Hei. Eli supôs que as 6 REVISTA MORASHÁ i 85 letras soletrassem a palavra Shikorá Eli, que erroneamente atribuíra a concebera, que ela deu à luz um – bêbada. Mas, na realidade, as letras Hanna uma conduta imprópria – filho. Ela o chamou de Shmuel, e deveriam ter-se alinhado para soletrar profanar o Tabernáculo com sua assim disse: ‘Eu o pedi ao Eterno’ ”. a palavra KeSará – como Sara. As embriaguez – além de acalmá-la, a Conta o Midrash que Ele a atendeu pedras Urim v’Tumim indicaram a abençoa. “Vai-te em paz”, diz-lhe. “O por causa da fé e confiança de Eli que a mulher que estava diante D’us de Israel te concederá o pedido Hanna em D’us (Bereshit Rabah do Tabernáculo era como a Matriarca que lhe fizeste” (ibid 1:17). 56:2). Nossos Sábios nos ensinam Sara, que, como Hanna, era estéril que as bênçãos são difíceis de se e orou pedindo um filho. As quatro O Livro de Samuel nos conta que cumprir se a pessoa não tem fé letras significavam também Kesherá “Assim a mulher seguiu seu caminho, n’Aquele que é a Fonte de todas as – ela é digna. O Gaon de Vilna e comeu, e não mais era triste o seu bênçãos. explica que o erro de Eli em ler os semblante”. O Maharal de Praga Urim V’Tumim indicava que a Divina explica que o rosto de uma pessoa Segundo nossos Sábios, D’us Providência o havia destituído de é a janela de sua alma: Quando “lembrou-Se” de Hanna e ela Inspiração Divina naquele momento. Hanna estava tão amargurada com concebeu em Rosh Hashaná, que sua esterilidade, sua infelicidade se é chamado de Yom HaZikaron, o Eli disse a Hanna, “Durante quanto refletia em sua face; mas quando Dia da Recordação. E ensinam tempo você ficará bêbada? Remova recebeu a bênção do maior homem que o mesmo ocorreu com Sara, esse vinho de seu corpo!” Hanna de sua geração, o brilho em sua face nossa primeira Matriarca – mãe de protesta dizendo que não estava fazia transparecer seu júbilo. Yitzhak, nosso segundo Patriarca bêbada. “Não bebi vinho nem bebida – que concebeu em Rosh Hashaná. alguma forte, e derramei minha alma Pouco depois a bênção é cumprida.
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