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1. What Is Uptis and What Advantages Does It Offer?
Frequently Asked Questions 1. What is Uptis and what advantages does it offer? Uptis (acronym standing for “Unique Puncture-proof Tire System”) is an assembled airless wheel structure. Uptis has been made possible through Michelin’s mastery and expertise with tire mechanics and high-tech materials. It also represents an evolution of Michelin’s expertise in TWEEL technology. Uptis can be thought of as the first in a new generation of airless solutions. This technology for passenger vehicles offers a number of advantages: ▪ Car drivers feel safer and more secure on the road due to the reduced risk of flat tires and other air loss failures that result from punctures or road hazards. ▪ Fleet owners and professional vehicle drivers optimize their business productivity (no downtime from flats, near-zero levels of maintenance). ▪ Raw material use is reduced, which in turn reduces waste. 2. Why do car drivers feel more at ease with Uptis? Uptis is designed to be impervious to traditional tire failures due to air loss. It does not use compressed air. It therefore eliminates the need for regular inflation pressure maintenance. 3. What is the strategy behind Uptis? Uptis represents Michelin’s vision for the future of mobility. Michelin illustrated its vision of sustainable mobility through the Vision concept1, which the Group unveiled at the Movin’On World Summit on Sustainable Mobility in 2017. Uptis shows how Michelin is adhering to its roadmap for research and development, which comprises these four main pillars of innovation: Airless, Connected, 3D-printed and 100% Sustainable (i.e., renewable or bio-sourced materials). -
Lowering Fleet Operating Costs Through Fuel
LOWERING FLEET OPERATING KEY TAKEAWAYS COSTS THROUGH FUEL EFFICIENT Taking rolling resistance, maintenance, TIRES AND RETREADS wheel position and tires, both new and WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO RUN LEANER retread, into account allows companies to maximize fuel efficiency. Author: Josh Abell, PhD • Rolling resistance has a direct and significant correlation to the fuel A retreaded tire can be just as fuel efficient, economy of the vehicle. or even better, than a new tire. • Tires become more fuel efficient as they are worn due to lessened Rolling Resistance: Why it Matters rolling resistance. Rolling resistance is a measurement of the energy it takes to roll a tire on a surface. • Even among new and retread tires For truck tires, rolling resistance has a direct and significant correlation to the fuel claiming to be Smartway certified, economy of the vehicle. Whether you run a single truck or an entire fleet, tire rolling actual rolling resistance will vary. resistance is a crucial element that should be taken into account to minimize fuel costs. Since fuel costs are one of the biggest expenses in trucking operations, as tire rolling resistance decreases, your savings add up. Tire rolling resistance is measured in a lab using realistic and well-established test parameters relied upon by tire/vehicle manufacturers and government regulators. From this testing, original tires and retreaded tires can be quantified by a rolling resistance coefficient, known as “Crr.” The lower the Crr, the better. Studies have shown that a reduction in Crr can result in real-world fuel savings. For example, a 10% reduction in Crr for your truck tires can reduce your fuel consumption by 3%, and lead to savings of $1,000 or more per truck per year.1 © 2017 Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, LLC. -
MICHELIN® X® TWEEL Warranty Overview
MICHELIN® TWEEL® Airless radial tire Warranty Guide Contents MICHELIN® Tweel® Tire Warranty Overview ............................................................................. 3–4 Common Warranty Specifi cations ...............................................................................................5 Parts of a Tweel® Airless Radial Tire .............................................................................................5 Examination Tools .......................................................................................................................6 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® SSL AIRLESS RADIAL TIRES Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® SSL Tires .............................................................6 MICHELIN® X® Tweel® SSL Tire Torque Specs and Retreading .......................................................7 Tweel® SSL Tire Warranty vs. Wear Guide ..............................................................................8–12 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® TURF AIRLESS RADIAL TIRES Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® Turf Tires ...........................................................13 Tweel® Turf Tire Proper Installation Instructions ..........................................................................13 Tweel® Turf Tire Warranty vs. Wear Guide ........................................................................... 14–17 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® CASTERS Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® Casters..............................................................17 Tweel® Caster Warranty -
Tire Maintenance Manual
TIRE MAINTENANCE MANUAL To The Owner/Operator Off-the-road tires are expensive pieces of equipment They are engineered and built with massive strength to support today’s equipment. This equipment is carrying ever increasing heavier loads at higher speeds and over longer dis- tances than ever before. Years of research and development have resulted in tires that can offer long service lives under these conditions. High strength carcasses have been developed to offer more load carrying capacity. New, tougher, higher quality components have improved durability. Improved rubber technology has helped to improve carcass durability, tread wear and hazard resistance ability. Still, there is a limit to the abuse and punishment any tire will take. Too many end up on a scrap pile because operators ignore common sense driving and operational practices. Others go out of service prematurely because they were not properly maintained. This manual, based on long term, extensive OTR field experience and practice, is designed to provide the information needed to help achieve maximum service life for both the end user and the equipment manufacturer. If followed, these recommendations will also help lower ton mile or tonne kilometer costs, improve equipment productivity and promote operating profits. This Booklet AppliesTo EarthmoverTires And Their Applications Only. It Does Not ApplyTo OtherTire Lines And Applications 1 CONTENTS Section I - Maintenance and Operations Construction Features .................................................................................... -
Vehicle and Trailer Tyre Replacement Policy Version
Vehicle and Trailer Tyre Replacement Policy Version 4.1 Date: 1st March 2021 Review Date: 1st March 2022 Owner Name Ruth Silcock Job title Head of Fleet Supply & Demand Mobile 07894 461702 Business units covered This policy applies to all Royal Mail Group vehicles. RM Fleet Policy document – Vehicle and trailer tyre replacement policy Page 1 of 13 Contents 1. Scope 2. Introduction 3. Policy 4. Responsibilities 5. Consequences 6. Change control 7. Glossary 8. References 9. Summary of changes to previous policy Appendix 1 Tread Type Positioning Appendix 2 Example of Re-torque Stamp RM Fleet Policy document – Vehicle and trailer tyre replacement policy Page 2 of 13 1. Scope This policy covers all vehicles and trailers used within RM Group. 2. Introduction 2.1 Tyre condition It is important for drivers, managers and technical staff to understand the legal requirements for tyre condition. Several regulations govern tyre condition. Listed below is a basic outline of the principal points: • Tyres must be suitable* for the vehicle/trailer it is being fitted to and they must be inflated to the correct pressures as recommended by either the vehicle or tyre manufacturer . *Suitability = correct size, correct load specification, speed rating and direction if applicable • No tyre shall have a break in its fabric or cut deep enough to reach or penetrate the cords. No cords must be visible either on the treaded area or on the side wall. No cut must be longer than 25 mm or 10% of the tyre’s section width, whichever is the greater. • There must be no lumps, bulges or tears caused by separation of the tyre’s structure. -
Safety Warnings and Maintenance Information
SAFETY WARNINGS AND MAINTENANCE INFORMATION IMPORTANT SAFETY AND MAINTENANCE INFORMATION The tire industry has long recognized the consumer's role in the regular care and maintenance of their tires. When a tire is replaced is a decision for which the owner of the tire is responsible. The consumer should consider factors to include chronological age, service conditions, maintenance history, storage conditions, visual inspections, and dynamic performance. The consumer should consult a tire service professional with any questions about tire service life. The following information and recommendations are made to aid in assessing the point of maximum service life The Chronological Age of the Tires The chronological age of any tire can be found on the tire sidewall by examining the characters following the symbol "DOT" For tires manufactured after the year 1999, the last four numbers identify the date of manufacture of the tire to the nearest week. The first two of these four numbers identify the week of manufacture (which range from "01" to "52"). The last two numbers identify the year of manufacture (e.g., a tire with the information "DOT XXXXXX0100" was manufactured in the 1 st week of 2000). For tires manufactured prior to the year 2000, three numbers instead of four indicate the date of manufacture. Also, during the early 1990's, CTNA added a triangle ◄))) to the end of the character string to distinguish a tire built in the 1990's from previous decades (e.g., a tire with the information "DOT XXXXXX274 ◄ was manufactured in the 27th week of 1994). THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE OF THE TIRES Tires are designed and built to provide many thousands of miles of excellent service. -
RFID for TIRES an Enabler for New Services
RFID FOR TIRES an enabler for new services Julien DESTRAVES R&D MICHELIN Page 1 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / INNOVATION is in MICHELIN DNA AIRLESS Tire CONNECTED Tire GREEN Tire RADIAL Tire TWEEL Page 2 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / AGENDA Benefits of RAIN RFID for tires and the associated challenges A Worldwide Standard for the Industry: ISO TC31 WG10 RFID Tire tags A Use Case example: Racing Tires Page 3 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / LIFE CYCLE AGAINST TIRE TAG INTEGRATION SCENARIOS Manufacturing 1st mounting After manufacturing equipment OEM Retreading Retrofitting End of Life Dealer Storage RFID embedded After retreading, embedded RFID identifies the carcass and not necessarily the tire RFID patch RFID patch possible RFID sticker RFID patch can identify the tire when not initially equipped with RFID Fair cost - Some lost on the way Page 4 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / WHY AND HOW TO USE RFID? ● Why to use RFID? 1. Guarantee of readability in all conditions • During the shelf life of the tire • During the entire tire life for a rolling tire • Leading to a far better traceability (even during tire manufacturing) • End of Life management potentially improved 2. Unfalsifiable: UII coding locked by the tire manufacturer 3. More robust against damages/ageing/robbery/counterfeiting 4. Fitting the needs of most stakeholders (OEM, Dealers, Governments, Retreaders, Tire manufacturers) 5. Better cost/benefit ratio (including the time to write and to read) 6. ISO standard for RFID Tire Tags available in 2018/19 7. Future readability of the RFID by the vehicle Page 5 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / BENEFIT FOR THE TIRE INDUSTRY Depending on the tag implementation technology 1. -
Provisions Governing the Disposition of State Motor-Vehicle and Motor-Carrier Receipts 1
PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE DISPOSITION OF STATE MOTOR-VEHICLE AND MOTOR-CARRIER RECEIPTS 1/ BASED ON INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM STATE TABLE MV-106 AUTHORITIES AND FROM STATE LAW CODES STATUS AS OF JANUARY 1, 1998 CLASSIFICATION NAME OF FUND AMOUNT OR STATE CODE OF FEE 2/ OR AGENCY PROPORTION OBJECTS OF EXPENDITURE REMARKS SECTION ALABAMA 1 Counties 35.25 percent of 42.16 percent is allocated equally among counties. 57.84 percent is 40-12-270 additional truck allocated on the basis of population. registration fee State Public Road and 64.75 percent of 40-12-270 Bridge Fund additional truck registration fee Remainder Distributed as follows: State Treasurer 5 percent For collection, administration and cost of tags. 40-12-269 County Probate Judges 2.5 percent Collection and administration. 40-12-269 County Probate Judges $1.25 per registration Collection and administration. Service fee charged by local officials. 40-12-271 Department of Public Additional car, light Traffic regulation and enforcement of State traffic $10.00 per car; $10.00 per truck under 8001 lbs.; $8.00 per motorcycle. This is 40-12-274 Safety truck, and and motor vehicle laws. an additional tax to the regular license tax or registration fee and is paid to motorcycle State General Fund for the Department of Public Safety. registration fees Remainder Distributed as follows: Municipalities and 21 percent Administration, construction, maintenance and Distributed to municipality where motor vehicle resides or is registered or to 40-12-270 counties debt service on bonds for highways. county where fee is paid if not registered or residing in an incorporated municipality. -
MICHELIN® Smartway® Verified Retreads Michelin Supports the U.S
MICHELIN® SmartWay® Verified Retreads Michelin supports the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) SmartWay® strategy of including retread products with new tires to reduce the fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions, of line-haul Class 8 trucks. Additionally, SmartWay verified MICHELIN® retreads are compliant with the California Air Resources Board (CARB) Greenhouse Gas regulation for low rolling resistance tires. MICHELIN® SmartWay® low-rolling resistance retreads reduce fleet operating costs by saving fuel and extending the life of the tire. SmartWay also aligns with Michelin’s core value of respect for the environment. More information about the SmartWay® program as well as verified low rolling resistance tires and retreads can be found at epa.gov/smartway. SmartWay® Verified DRIVE POSITION RETREADS MICHELIN® MICHELIN® MICHELIN® MICHELIN® X ONE® LINE ENERGY D X® LINE ENERGY D X ONE® XDA-HT® X® MULTI ENERGY D Pre-Mold Retread Pre-Mold Retread Pre-Mold Retread Pre-Mold Retread • No compromise fuel efficiency(1) • No compromise fuel efficiency(2) • Aggressive lug-type tread design • Guaranteed 25% longer tread life*, ® and mileage delivered by the Dual and wear resistance with Dual • Increased traction with exceptional SmartWay fuel Energy Compound Tread, with a Compound Tread Technology, efficiency(1) due to Dual Energy precisely balanced Fuel and Mileage delivering a top Mileage layer over • Increased tread wear Compound tread technology layer on top of a cool running Fuel a cool running Fuel and Durability • Optimized -
Comments of the Rubber Manufacturers Association On
Comments of the Rubber Manufacturers Association on Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Tire Sidewall Labeling Requirements National Highway Traffic Safety Administration U. S. Department of Transportation Docket No. NHTSA-00-6296-// 30 January, 2001 Staff Contact Steven Butcher, Vice President Technical and Standards Rubber Manufacturers Association 1400 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 I. Introduction The Rubber Manufacturers Association (“RMA”) is a national trade association representing the domestic tire and rubber products manufacturing industry. RMA’s tire industry members include every major U.S. tire manufacturer: Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., Continental Tire North America Inc., Cooper Tire & Rubber Company, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Michelin North America, Pirelli Tire North America, and Yokohama Tire Corporation. There are over 1 billion tires in use on our nation’s highways and these manufacturers produce approximately 90 percent of them. They operate 40 manufacturing facilities and employ almost 160,000 people in . this country. Tire design and production involves sophisticated engineering in product design, testing, manufacturing, and analysis. Designing and building today’s complex tires is no simple task. Producing a tire involves a combination of chemistry, physics, and engineering plus more than 200 raw materials including natural and synthetic rubbers, metals, fabrics, oils, pigments, and other chemicals. RMA is pleased to provide NHTSA with these comments regarding Docket No. NHTSA-OO- 8296, which, among other issues, specifically addressesthe information that tire manufacturers should be required to place on tire sidewall& Our comments addresstire labeling issues for passengercar tires and light truck tires (through load range E, or load index 124), plus motorcycle tires and recreational, boat, baggage, and special trailer tires. -
Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems
DOT HS 812 285 June 2016 Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems Disclaimer This publication is distributed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Suggested APA Format Citation: Van Eikema Hommes, Q. D. (2016, June). Assessment of safety standards for automotive electronic control systems. (Report No. DOT HS 812 285). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2016 July 2012 – April 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems Intra-Agency Agreement 6. AUTHOR HS8AA1 Qi D. Van Eikema Hommes DTNH22-12-V-00086 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center REPORT NUMBER U.S. Department of Transportation DOT-VNTSC-NHTSA-13-03 Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology 55 Broadway Cambridge, MA 02142 9. -
The History of the Wheel and Bicycles
NOW & THE FUTURE THE HISTORY OF THE WHEEL AND BICYCLES COMPILED BY HOWIE BAUM OUT OF THE 3 BEST INVENTIONS IN HISTORY, ONE OF THEM IS THE WHEEL !! Evidence indicates the wheel was created to serve as potter's wheels around 4300 – 4000 BCE in Mesopotamia. This was 300 years before they were used for chariots. (Jim Vecchi / Corbis) METHODS TO MOVE HEAVY OBJECTS BEFORE THE WHEEL WAS INVENTED Heavy objects could be moved easier if something round, like a log was placed under it and the object rolled over it. The Sledge Logs or sticks were placed under an object and used to drag the heavy object, like a sled and a wedge put together. Log Roller Later, humans thought to use the round logs and a sledge together. Humans used several logs or rollers in a row, dragging the sledge over one roller to the next. Inventing a Primitive Axle With time, the sledges started to wear grooves into the rollers and humans noticed that the grooved rollers actually worked better, carrying the object further. The log roller was becoming a wheel, humans cut away the wood between the two inner grooves to create what is called an axle. THE ANCIENT GREEKS INVENTED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY…AND THE WHEELBARROW CHINA FOLLOWED 400 YEARS AFTERWARDS The wheelbarrow first appeared in Greece, between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. It was found in China 400 years later and then ended up in medieval Europe. Although wheelbarrows were expensive to purchase, they could pay for themselves in just 3 or 4 days in terms of labor savings.