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A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism A COMPANION TO RHETORIC AND RHETORICAL CRITICISM Walter Jost Wendy Olmsted, Editors Blackwell Publishing Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 21.11.2003 5:55pm page iii ACOMPANIONTO RHETORIC AND RHETORICAL CRITICISM Edited by Walter Jost and Wendy Olmsted Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 21.11.2003 5:55pm page iv ß 2004 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd except for editorial material and organization ß 2004 by Walter Jost and Wendy Olmsted 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 108 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Walter Jost and Wendy Olmsted to be identified as the Authors of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2004 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A companion to rhetoric and rhetorical criticism / edited by Walter Jost and Wendy Olmsted. p. cm. – (Blackwell companions to literature and culture) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-4051-0112-1 (alk. paper) 1. Rhetoric. 2. Criticism. 3. Rhetorical criticism. I. Jost, Walter, 1951–II. Olmsted, Wendy, 1943–III. Series. PN187.C65 2004 808’.042–dc21 2003012194 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 11/13pt Garamond 3 by Kolam Information Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India Printed and bound in the United Kingdom by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 22.11.2003 1:55pm page vii Contents Notes on Contributors x Introduction xv Acknowledgments xvii PART I Rhetoric in Its Place and Time 1 1 Introduction: Contingency and Probability 5 Dilip Parmeshwar Gaonkar 2 The Politics of Deliberation: Oratory and Democracy in Classical Athens 22 David Cohen 3 Text and Context in the Roman Forum: The Case of Cicero’s First Catilinarian 38 B. A. Krostenko 4 A Conversational Opener: The Rhetorical Paradigm of John 1:1 58 Marjorie O’Rourke Boyle 5 Continental Poetics 80 Arthur F. Kinney 6 ‘‘His tail at commandment’’: George Puttenham and the Carnivalization of Rhetoric 96 Wayne A. Rebhorn 7 Rhetorical Selfhood in Erasmus and Milton 112 Thomas O. Sloane 8 Rhetoric, Rights, and Contract Theory in the Early Modern Period 128 Victoria Kahn Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 22.11.2003 1:55pm page viii viii Contents 9 The Philosophy of Rhetoric in Campbell’s Philosophy of Rhetoric 141 Joel C. Weinsheimer 10 The Rhetorical Legacy of Kenneth Burke 152 Herbert W. Simons PART II Rhetoric’s Favorite Places 169 11 Topics (and deliberation): Exemplifying Deliberation: Cicero’s De Officiis and Machiavelli’s Prince 173 Wendy Olmsted 12 Deliberation (and topics): Cultivating Deliberating: Mindfully Resourceful Innovation In and Through the Federalist Papers 190 David J. Smigelskis 13 Ethos: Socrates Talks Himself Out of His Body: Ethical Argument and Personal Immortality in the Phaedo 206 Eugene Garver 14 Pathos: Rhetoric and Emotion 221 James L. Kasteley 15 Analogies, Parables, Paradoxes: Get On Down: Plato’s Rhetoric of Education in the Republic 238 Kathy Eden 16 Aphoristic Style: The Rhetoric of the Aphorism 248 Gary Saul Morson 17 Argumentation: What Jokes Can Tell Us About Arguments 266 Thomas Conley 18 Commonplaces: Sensus Communis 278 John D. Schaeffer 19 Judgment: Arts of Persuasion and Judgment: Rhetoric and Aesthetics 294 Anthony J. Cascardi PART III Rhetoric and Its Critics 309 20 Epiphany and Epideictic: The Low Modernist Lyric in Robert Frost 311 Walter Jost 21 Lolita: Solipsized or Sodomized?; or, Against Abstraction – in General 325 Peter J. Rabinowitz Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 22.11.2003 1:55pm page ix Contents ix 22 Narrative as Rhetoric and Edith Wharton’s Roman Fever: Progression, Configuration, and the Ethics of Surprise 340 James Phelan 23 ‘‘Mind the Gap’’: W. G. Sebald and the Rhetoric of Unrest 355 Adam Zachary Newton 24 Rhetoric in the Wilderness: The Deep Rhetoric of the Late Twentieth Century 372 James Crosswhite PART IV All in Good Time – and Timing 389 25 Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Bakhtin’s Discourse Theory 393 Don Bialostosky 26 Reviving the Rhetorical Heritage of Protestant Theology 409 Stephen H. Webb 27 Rhetoric: Time, Memory, Memoir 425 Nancy S. Struever 28 Rhetoric in the Law 442 Robert P. Burns 29 Rhetorical Hermeneutics Still Again: or, On the Track of Phrone¯sis 457 Steven Mailloux 30 Rhetoric and Poetics: How to Use the Inevitable Return of the Repressed 473 Charles Altieri 31 My Life with Rhetoric: From Neglect to Obsession 494 Wayne C. Booth Index 505 Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 21.11.2003 5:55pm page x Notes on Contributors Charles Altieri teaches modern American literature and literary theory at the University of California at Berkeley. The author of numerous books, his most recent is The Particulars of Rapture: An Aesthetics of the Affects (2003). Don Bialostosky is Professor of English in the Composition, Literacy, and Pedagogy group at the University of Pittsburgh. He is author of two books on Wordsworth’s poetics and co-editor of British Romanticism and the Rhetorical Tradition. He has published widely on Bakhtin and rhetoric and is now at work on a book on Bakhtinian rhetoric and poetics. Wayne C. Booth was born in American Fork, Utah, in 1921, and was raised as a devout Mormon. As he pursued academic questions at Brigham Young University (BA), he wrestled – without ever thinking of the word ‘‘rhetoric’’ – with conflicts between official Mormon rhetoric and the rhetoric of major Western thinkers. Then, as a deeply conflicted Mormon missionary (1942–4), he slowly discovered the resources of what he now calls rhetorology: the pursuit of a rhetoric relying on the common ground one hopes to find underlying any controversy. As a student at the University of Chicago, and later as a professor there, he slowly discovered the history and importance of rhetorical studies. As his chapter here recounts, that discovery was the main influence on most of his publications. Marjorie O’Rourke Boyle is an independent scholar living in Toronto, Canada, who specializes in the rhetoric of religion. Among other works she is the author of Erasmus on Language and Method in Theology and, most recently, Senses of Touch: Human Dignity and Deformity from Michelangelo to Calvin. Robert P. Burns is Professor of Law at Northwestern University School of Law. He is author of A Theory of the Trial, Evidence in Context, Problems and Materials in Evidence and Trial Advocacy, Exercises and Problems in Professional Responsibility, and many essays. Jost/A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism Final Proof 21.11.2003 5:55pm page xi Notes on Contributors xi Anthony J. Cascardi is Professor in the departments of Rhetoric, Comparative Literature, and Spanish at the University of California, Berkeley. He has written on literature and philosophy, early modern texts, and aesthetic theory. Among his recent books is Consequences of Enlightenment: Aesthetics as Critique. David Cohen teaches in the departments of Rhetoric and Classics at the University of California, Berkeley. He works in the areas of Greek law, rhetoric, and social history, as well as in contemporary international criminal law and human rights. His publi- cations include Law, Society and Sexuality: The Enforcement of Morals in Classical Athens, and Law, Violence and Community in Classical Athens. He is an adjunct Fellow of the East–West Center and Director of the UC Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center. Thomas Conley is the author of Rhetoric in the European Tradition and has published and lectured widely on Classical and Byzantine rhetoric. James Crosswhite is Associate Professor of English at the University of Oregon. He is the author of The Rhetoric of Reason: Writing and the Attractions of Argument (winner of the MLA’s Mina P. Shaughnessy Award) and numerous articles on rhetoric and argumentation. He has directed writing programs at the University of California, San Diego, and at the University of Oregon. Kathy Eden is Chavkin Family Professor of English at Columbia University and author of Poetic and Legal Fiction in the Aristotelian Tradition, Hermeneutics and the Rhetorical Tradition: Chapters in the Ancient Legacy and Its Humanist Reception, and Friends Hold All Things in Common: Tradition, Intellectual Property, and the Adages of Erasmus. Dilip Parmeshwar Gaonkar is Associate Professor of Communications at North- western University and has published seminal essays on rhetoric in journals and books. Eugene Garver is Regents Professor of Philosophy at Saint John’s University, Collegeville, Minnesota, and Adjunct Professor of Philosophy at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. He is the author of For the Sake of Argument: Practical Reasoning, Character and the Ethics of Belief (2004), Aristotle’s Rhetoric: An Art of Character (1994), and Machiavelli and the History of Prudence (1987). He is currently completing a book on Aristotle’s Ethics. Walter Jost is Associate Professor of English at the University of Virginia. He is the author of Rhetorical Thought in John Henry Newman and Rhetorical Investigations: Studies in Ordinary Language Criticism (2004), and has co-edited several collections, most recently Ordinary Language Criticism: Literary Thinking After Cavell After Wittgenstein (2003). He is writing a book on rhetoric as an architectonic art of invention and judgment, and is editing Blackwell’s A Companion to Literature and Philosophy.
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