DOCSLIB.ORG

Educational Rhetorics at a Korean Women's College

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Educational Rhetorics at a Korean Women's College ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: SCHOOL, STATE, AND NATION: EDUCATIONAL RHETORICS AT A KOREAN WOMEN’S COLLEGE DURING AND AFTER JAPANESE COLONIZATION, 1918–1965 Nathan Wil Tillman, Doctor of Philosophy, 2019 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jessica Enoch Professor Vessela Valiavitcharska “School, State, and Nation” examines how the leaders and students of Ewha College, founded by American missionaries in 1910 as Korea’s first college for women, used rhetorical strategies to negotiate Japanese colonial power and Korean patriarchal objectives as they pursued their educational goals during and after the Japanese colonial period (1918–1965). This project draws on a range of Korean- and English-language primary sources, including letters, reports, photographs, articles, emblems, and autobiographies, especially the work of Ewha’s last American president Alice Appenzeller (in office 1922–1939) and first Korean president Kim Hwallan (1939–1961). Analyzing these sources, I show how Ewha became a contested site for the competing agendas of the Japanese colonial state, Korean nationalists, and the school community. I argue that Appenzeller, Kim, and Ewha women generally crafted what I call “educational rhetorics,” or the rhetorical strategies leveraged to constantly re/define their school’s relationship with the Japanese state and Korean nation during and after the colonial period. I identify performance, debates about education’s utility, and confession as three categories of these educational rhetorics. “School, State, and Nation” analyzes these educational rhetorics and argues that Ewha women leveraged them during the colonial period 1) to cooperate with the Japanese state while resisting its assimilating and imperializing goals, and 2) to signal their support for Korea’s independence and welfare while insisting on women’s equality in this nationalist project, and, after Korea’s liberation in 1945, 3) to mitigate Korean criticisms of Kim’s wartime collaboration with Japan. Anglophone rhetoric scholars have increasingly diversified our understanding of how rhetoric works in environments outside the US and Europe, examined the role of schools in identify formation and promoting/stifling political activism, and studied the rhetorical power of performance, education, and confession to dis/empower marginalized groups and pursue social reform. “School, State, and Nation” builds on and complicates this rhetorical scholarship by extending it into post/colonial Korea, where the complex environment complicates national and cultural categories of rhetoric, diversifies our understanding of the rhetorical role of women’s colleges in colonial and postcolonial environments, and problematizes definitions of patriotism and collaboration. SCHOOL, STATE, AND NATION: EDUCATIONAL RHETORICS AT A KOREAN WOMEN’S COLLEGE DURING AND AFTER JAPANESE COLONIZATION, 1918–1965 by Nathan Wil Tillman Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2019 Advisory Committee: Professor Jessica Enoch, Co-chair Professor Vessela Valiavitcharska, Co-chair Professor Scott Wible Professor Satoru Hashimoto Professor Damien Smith Pfister © Copyright by Nathan Wil Tillman 2019 Acknowledgments I finished this project only with the generosity and encouragement of many people. It was Jessica Enoch who gave me the courage to take on the project in the first place. She mentored me through every stage of the writing, reading countless drafts and always offering constructive, positive feedback. Her incredible generosity and vision of what rhetorical scholarship can be and do have been transformational for me. Similarly, I am unable to adequately thank Vessela Valiavitcharska, without whose kindness and wisdom I would literally not have made it through my doctoral studies. She mentored me through five years of professional and personal trials, and she has deepened and broadened my scholarship both with her own example and with her insightful guidance. I am deeply grateful to Satoru Hashimoto for his confidence in me to do Korean scholarship and his mentorship along the rocky path of my dissertation. He has been an invaluable resource and guide, and this project never would have gotten off the ground without him. Chanon Adsanatham provided me with kindness and guidance when I badly needed them, helping me frame the project and shape chapters. His advice and example of doing non-Western rhetorical scholarship has been fundamental for shaping my own thinking. Early in my doctoral studies, Scott Wible set an example for me of what positive, constructive teaching and writing instruction look like, and I’ve drawn on my experience in his Approaches to College Composition course ever since. He generously came to my rescue in the last stages of the dissertation, and I have greatly benefitted from his advice and expertise in positioning my work within multilingual rhetorical studies. Damien Pfister graciously agreed to read my work, and his insight about Kim Hwallan’s ii educational context will undoubtedly open new avenues of research. Elizabeth Ellis Miller and Ruth Osorio have both been amazing, encouraging me at each stage and sharing their work as models for me as I mastered each genre of this project from prospectus to conclusion. Many thanks to my fellow graduate students here at UMD, including my writing group members Danielle Griffin, Nabila Hijazi, and Katie Bramlett. I am grateful to them for reading early (and extremely rough) chapter and conference drafts and for offering insights and kindness along the way. I have no words to express the valuable role played by my dear friends, comrades-in-arms, and officemates Chen Edrei and Manon Soulet. Their compassion, conversations, and companionship during dark times – not to mention baking, chocolate, and lots of laughter – provided the healing balm that I needed to carry on each day for this five- year journey. Thanks are due as well to my extended UMD Comparative Literature family – to Sheila Jelen, for the care she offered as I struggled professionally and personally; to Jerry Passannante, for his patient support as I flip-flopped multiple times about my topic; to Ines Rivera and Nataliya Pratsovyta, for offering friendship and giving me hope through their own excellent examples; and to all my wonderful Comp Lit friends. Beyond UMD, I owe this project to the aid of scholars who helped me locate sources in Korea and provided valuable advice. 손현지 Son Hyunji at the Ewha Archives located Alice Appenzeller’s letters for me, shared and helped me to obtain permission to use many of the photographs included in this text, and provided kind and prompt help over the past three years. 이혜지 Yi Hye-ji at Ewha University Press helped me secure permission to use the cover image of Kim Hwallan’s 1965 iii autobiography. 한민섭 Han Minsub at the Korea University Library Old and Rare Books and Special Collections graciously scanned and shared the original text of Kim’s 1942 essay, saving me a last-minute trip to Korea. 최혜월 Choi Hyaeweol has aided me invaluably with her brilliant scholarship, her translations of numerous primary sources (New Women), and by advising me both in person and via email about locating Korean periodicals and other sources. 김은경 Eunkyung Kim generously helped me track down one of Kim’s articles. 최기숙 Choi Gisuk offered valuable advice and encouragement during meetings in the US and in Seoul over a delicious cup of tea. I have saved the most important thanks for last. My wife 양미란 Miran Yang has sacrificed everything – from country to career – these past five years to support and help me during my doctoral studies. She offered endless insight as we discussed the many fascinating puzzles of Ewha women’s post/colonial experience, informed me about invaluable study tools (including Naver dictionary), served as a generous Korean language advisor, helped me prepare PowerPoints for conferences, and contributed to just about every part of the project. But her sacrifice, love, and patience have been most precious of all – she really deserves a doctoral degree of her own. iv Table of Contents Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………….....ii List of Figures…………………………………………………………………...……vi Transcription and Transliteration Notes……………………………………...………vi Introduction: Educational Rhetorics, Ewha College, and Occupied Korea…...………1 Chapter 1: Performative Educational Rhetorics at Ewha College During Alice Appenzeller’s Presidency, 1925–1940…………………………………………….…36 Chapter 2: Educational Rhetorics of Utility: Kim Hwallan’s Arguments for Women’s Education and Nation, 1918–1942………………………………………………….104 Chapter 3: Confession as Educational Rhetoric in Kim Hwallan’s Autobiographies, 1964–1965…………………………………………………………………………..176 Conclusion: Collaborators, Resisters, and Schools…………………………………249 Works Cited…………………………………………...……………………………267 v List of Figures Figure 1: Kim Hwallan’s statue defaced ……….……………………………...……..1 Figure 2: Ewha students pull down Kim’s statue………………………………..……1 Figure 3: Popular Features of May Day…………………………………...…………60 Figure 4: Ewha College 1930 school seal……………………………….…...………73 Figure 5: 일월오봉도 “Sun, Moon, Five Peak Painting” …………..………………74 Figure 6: Ewha’s 1930 and 1939 school seals…………….…………………………85 Figure 7: Ewha College faculty, November 5, 1940………………...………………95 Figure 8: A farewell bow to Western teachers……………...………………………..95 Figure 9: An advertisement for Sin Yeoja in May 1920………………..…..………134 Figure
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A PARTNER for CHANGE the Asia Foundation in Korea 1954-2017 a PARTNER Characterizing 60 Years of Continuous Operations of Any Organization Is an Ambitious Task
    SIX DECADES OF THE ASIA FOUNDATION IN KOREA SIX DECADES OF THE ASIA FOUNDATION A PARTNER FOR CHANGE A PARTNER The AsiA Foundation in Korea 1954-2017 A PARTNER Characterizing 60 years of continuous operations of any organization is an ambitious task. Attempting to do so in a nation that has witnessed fundamental and dynamic change is even more challenging. The Asia Foundation is unique among FOR foreign private organizations in Korea in that it has maintained a presence here for more than 60 years, and, throughout, has responded to the tumultuous and vibrant times by adapting to Korea’s own transformation. The achievement of this balance, CHANGE adapting to changing needs and assisting in the preservation of Korean identity while simultaneously responding to regional and global trends, has made The Asia Foundation’s work in SIX DECADES of Korea singular. The AsiA Foundation David Steinberg, Korea Representative 1963-68, 1994-98 in Korea www.asiafoundation.org 서적-표지.indd 1 17. 6. 8. 오전 10:42 서적152X225-2.indd 4 17. 6. 8. 오전 10:37 서적152X225-2.indd 1 17. 6. 8. 오전 10:37 서적152X225-2.indd 2 17. 6. 8. 오전 10:37 A PARTNER FOR CHANGE Six Decades of The Asia Foundation in Korea 1954–2017 Written by Cho Tong-jae Park Tae-jin Edward Reed Edited by Meredith Sumpter John Rieger © 2017 by The Asia Foundation All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without written permission by The Asia Foundation. 서적152X225-2.indd 1 17. 6. 8. 오전 10:37 서적152X225-2.indd 2 17.
    [Show full text]
  • The Otaku Phenomenon : Pop Culture, Fandom, and Religiosity in Contemporary Japan
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2017 The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan. Kendra Nicole Sheehan University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Japanese Studies Commons, and the Other Religion Commons Recommended Citation Sheehan, Kendra Nicole, "The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan." (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2850. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2850 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Humanities Department of Humanities University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Kendra Nicole Sheehan All rights reserved THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Approved on November 17, 2017 by the following Dissertation Committee: __________________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Turystyka Kulturowa. Czasopismo Naukowe
    ISSN 1689-4642 Spis treści Artykuły ............................................................................................................. 7 Joanna Kowalczyk-Anioł, Ali Afshar Gentryfikacja turystyczna jako narzędzie rozwoju miasta. Przykład Meszhed w Iranie ....... 7 Rafał G. Nowicki Partycypacja turystów i mieszkańców miejscowości turystycznych w procesie ochrony zabytków architektury....................................................................................................... 26 Andrzej Moniak, Michał Suszczewicz Przestrzeń kulturowa i niechciane dziedzictwo garnizonów poradzieckich na pograniczu Polski i Niemiec ............................................................................................................... 40 Petr Bujok, Martin Klempa, Dominik Niemiec, Jakub Ryba, Michal Porzer Dziedzictwo przemysłowe firmy „Baťa” w mieście Zlín (Republika Czeska) ................... 54 Małgorzata Gałązka, Monika Gałązka Shintō jako walor turystyczny ........................................................................................... 67 Joanna Roszak, Grzegorz Godlewski Chronotop Lubelszczyzny. Ocena atrakcyjności regionu dla turystyki literackiej z wykorzystaniem bonitacji punktowej ............................................................................. 85 Nikoloz Kavelashvili Protecting the Past for Today: Development of Georgia’s Heritage Tourism ..................... 97 Recenzja ......................................................................................................... 110 Czajkowski Szymon
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources
    Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Books Sejong The Great, Hunminjeongeum . Joseoneohakhoe, 1946. Although we were only able to access it as an online database, this is the original document of the hunminjeongeum, the first book containing Hangul, written directly by King Sejong The Great. Through this we were able to see the first version of Hangul and how it looked like in the beginning of its creation, in comparison to what we use in the modern day. Journal Joseon Dynasty, The Joseonwangjo Sillok (The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty), Sejong vol.113, Seoul, 1444. Containing the official record of the Joseon dynasty during the time period in which Hangul was being invented, this source helped us understand more about what was going on in the Joseon empire during those times. By being able to access the official records during the time in Joseon’s changing culture, it was a significant source of information, narrowing down our research to a particular era in history. Images ‘Eongan (A letter from Hyojong to Princess Sookmyung -02)', 1623~1659, Center for Korean Studies Documents. This image, exclusively provided to us by the Center for Korean Studies, contains drafts of King Hyojong writing to Princess Sookmyung, his niece. These letters were written in Hangul, and we were able to use this as an example of how Hangul spread to higher classes. Hong-do, Kim. Seodang, www.museum.go.kr/files/upload/board/78/20101130165104.jpg. This painting depicts young children learning to read and write in little schoolyards called ‘Seodangs’. By using this in our website, we were able to show what education was like in early Joseon.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Nevada, Reno American Shinto Community of Practice
    University of Nevada, Reno American Shinto Community of Practice: Community formation outside original context A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology By Craig E. Rodrigue Jr. Dr. Erin E. Stiles/Thesis Advisor May, 2017 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by CRAIG E. RODRIGUE JR. Entitled American Shinto Community Of Practice: Community Formation Outside Original Context be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Erin E. Stiles, Advisor Jenanne K. Ferguson, Committee Member Meredith Oda, Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School May, 2017 i Abstract Shinto is a native Japanese religion with a history that goes back thousands of years. Because of its close ties to Japanese culture, and Shinto’s strong emphasis on place in its practice, it does not seem to be the kind of religion that would migrate to other areas of the world and convert new practitioners. However, not only are there examples of Shinto being practiced outside of Japan, the people doing the practice are not always of Japanese heritage. The Tsubaki Grand Shrine of America is one of the only fully functional Shinto shrines in the United States and is run by the first non-Japanese Shinto priest. This thesis looks at the community of practice that surrounds this American shrine and examines how membership is negotiated through action. There are three main practices that form the larger community: language use, rituals, and Aikido. Through participation in these activities members engage with an American Shinto community of practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Abl25thesispdf.Pdf (2.788Mb)
    THE HOPE AND CRISIS OF PRAGMATIC TRANSITION: POLITICS, LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOUTH KOREA A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Amy Beth Levine May 2011 © 2011 Amy Beth Levine THE HOPE AND CRISIS OF PRAGMATIC TRANSITION: POLITICS, LAW, ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOUTH KOREA Amy Beth Levine, Ph.D. Cornell University 2011 This dissertation demonstrates how the urgent condition of crisis is routine for many non-governmental (NGO) and non-profit organization (NPO) workers, activists, lawyers, social movement analysts, social designers and ethnographers. The study makes a contribution to the increasing number of anthropological, legal, pedagogical, philosophical, political, and socio-legal studies concerned with pragmatism and hope by approaching crisis as ground, hope as figure, and pragmatism as transition or placeholder between them. In effect this work makes evident the agency of the past in the apprehension of the present, whose complexity is conceptualized as scale, in order to hopefully refigure ethnography’s future role as an anticipatory process rather than a pragmatic response to crisis or an always already emergent world. This dissertation is based on over two years of fieldwork inside NGOs, NPOs, and think tanks, hundreds of conversations, over a hundred interviews, and archival research in Seoul, South Korea. The transformation of the “386 generation” and Roh Moo Hyun’s presidency from 2003 to 2008 serve as both the contextual background and central figures of the study. This work replicates the historical, contemporary, and anticipated transitions of my informants by responding to the problem of agency inherent in crisis with a sense of scale and a rescaling of agency.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of an American Shinto Community
    THE MAKING OF AN AMERICAN SHINTO COMMUNITY By SARAH SPAID ISHIDA A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2007 Sarah Spaid Ishida 2 To my brother, Travis 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people assisted in the production of this project. I would like to express my thanks to the many wonderful professors who I have learned from both at Wittenberg University and at the University of Florida, specifically the members of my thesis committee, Dr. Mario Poceski and Dr. Jason Neelis. For their time, advice and assistance, I would like to thank Dr. Travis Smith, Dr. Manuel Vásquez, Eleanor Finnegan, and Phillip Green. I would also like to thank Annie Newman for her continued help and efforts, David Hickey who assisted me in my research, and Paul Gomes III of the University of Hawai’i for volunteering his research to me. Additionally I want to thank all of my friends at the University of Florida and my husband, Kyohei, for their companionship, understanding, and late-night counseling. Lastly and most importantly, I would like to extend a sincere thanks to the Shinto community of the Tsubaki Grand Shrine of America and Reverend Koichi Barrish. Without them, this would not have been possible. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Living in Korea
    A Guide for International Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science Living in Korea A Guide for International Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science Contents ⅠOverview Chapter 1: IBS 1. The Institute for Basic Science 12 2. Centers and Affiliated Organizations 13 2.1 HQ Centers 13 2.1.1 Pioneer Research Centers 13 2.2 Campus Centers 13 2.3 Extramural Centers 13 2.4 Rare Isotope Science Project 13 2.5 National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 13 2.6 Location of IBS Centers 14 3. Career Path 15 4. Recruitment Procedure 16 Chapter 2: Visas and Immigration 1. Overview of Immigration 18 2. Visa Types 18 3. Applying for a Visa Outside of Korea 22 4. Alien Registration Card 23 5. Immigration Offices 27 5.1 Immigration Locations 27 Chapter 3: Korean Language 1. Historical Perspective 28 2. Hangul 28 2.1 Plain Consonants 29 2.2 Tense Consonants 30 2.3 Aspirated Consonants 30 2.4 Simple Vowels 30 2.5 Plus Y Vowels 30 2.6 Vowel Combinations 31 3. Romanizations 31 3.1 Vowels 32 3.2 Consonants 32 3.2.1 Special Phonetic Changes 33 3.3 Name Standards 34 4. Hanja 34 5. Konglish 35 6. Korean Language Classes 38 6.1 University Programs 38 6.2 Korean Immigration and Integration Program 39 6.3 Self-study 39 7. Certification 40 ⅡLiving in Korea Chapter 1: Housing 1. Measurement Standards 44 2. Types of Accommodations 45 2.1 Apartments/Flats 45 2.2 Officetels 46 2.3 Villas 46 2.4 Studio Apartments 46 2.5 Dormitories 47 2.6 Rooftop Room 47 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Korea Destination Guide
    Settling-in Korea 14 What’s Inside? The Basics Let’s Talk About Culture Settling in Tips Let’s Have Fun Need Help? The Basics About Korea The Korean Peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is roughly 1,000 km (621 miles) long and 216 km (134 miles) wide at its narrowest point. Mountains cover 70% of the land mass, making it one of the most mountainous regions in the world. The peninsula is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel. The Demilitarized Zone separates the democratic Republic of Korea in the south and communist Korea in the North. Administratively, the Republic of Korea consists of nine provinces (-do); the capi- tal Seoul; the six metropolitan cities of Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon and Ulsan, and additional 77 cities (-si) and 88 counties (-gun). The habitation of early mankind in Korea appears to have started about half a million years ago. The first kingdom, named Gojoseon (Ancient Joseon), lasted from 2333-108 BC. After which, the Three Kingdoms period (57 BC – 668 AD) and the Unified Silla period (676 – 935), Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), an aristocratic government was instituted. Bud- dhism was established as the state religion and came to have great influence in the political and administrative spheres. The name “Korea” is a derivative of “Goryeo”. The Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) was the peninsula’s last dynasty. During this period, Confu- cianism was adopted as the state ideology. Moreover, the surge of creative literary endeavors and the invention of Hangeul (the Korean alphabet) in 1443 make this cultur- al period very significant.
    [Show full text]
  • Korean Students in New York City, 1907-1937 Jean H. Park Submitted
    Exiled Envoys: Korean Students in New York City, 1907-1937 Jean H. Park Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2021 © 2021 Jean H. Park All Rights Reserved Abstract Exiled Envoys: Korean Students in New York City, 1907-1937 Jean H. Park This dissertation follows the activism of Korean students in New York City and the trajectory of their American education as it applied to Korea’s colonization under the Empire of Japan. As a focused historical account of the educational experiences of Korean students in New York from 1907 to 1937, this dissertation uses archival evidence from their associations, correspondence, publications, and the institutions they studied at to construct a transnational narrative that positions the Korean students operating within and outside the confines of their colonial experience. The following dissertation answers how the Korean students applied their American education and experiences to the Korean independence movement, and emphasizes the interplay of colonization, religion, and American universities in contouring the students’ activism and hopes for a liberated Korea. Table of Contents List of Charts, Graphs, Illustrations ................................................................................................ ii Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Dedication
    [Show full text]
  • A POPULAR DICTIONARY of Shinto
    A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto BRIAN BOCKING Curzon First published by Curzon Press 15 The Quadrant, Richmond Surrey, TW9 1BP This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Copyright © 1995 by Brian Bocking Revised edition 1997 Cover photograph by Sharon Hoogstraten Cover design by Kim Bartko All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-203-98627-X Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-7007-1051-5 (Print Edition) To Shelagh INTRODUCTION How to use this dictionary A Popular Dictionary of Shintō lists in alphabetical order more than a thousand terms relating to Shintō. Almost all are Japanese terms. The dictionary can be used in the ordinary way if the Shintō term you want to look up is already in Japanese (e.g. kami rather than ‘deity’) and has a main entry in the dictionary. If, as is very likely, the concept or word you want is in English such as ‘pollution’, ‘children’, ‘shrine’, etc., or perhaps a place-name like ‘Kyōto’ or ‘Akita’ which does not have a main entry, then consult the comprehensive Thematic Index of English and Japanese terms at the end of the Dictionary first.
    [Show full text]
  • Kamidana a Kamidana Houses an Ofuda (Symbol of Kami)
    A Brief History of the kamidana A kamidana houses an ofuda (symbol of kami). In the edo period, ise-kô (ise shrine fraternal groups) formed in every part of Japan. When a pilgrimage was made to ise jingu, an amulet or "oharai-taima" was taken home. These amulets were also distributed throughout Japan by the various ise-kô. A "daijingu-dana" or house shrine was set up to enshrine these amulets of the Grand Shrine of ise. This practice was the origin of the kamidana. Setting Up a kamidana Before setting up a kamidana you must cleanse (purify) your home. Choose a site that is pure, light, quiet and high. Also it should be where the family gathers, convenient for making offerings to kami, convenient for daily prayers, and on a North or West wall (so the kamidana's doors open to the South or East) If there is a floor above the kamidana it is best to write the word "kumoi" 雲井 (sky) on a piece of paper and place it above the kamidana so any people upstairs will not be walking over the kamidana. Place the kamidana just above head height. On each side of the kamidana place evergreen branches in the sakaki tate (special vases). A shimenawa (straw rope) with shide (paper shapes) should be hung above the kamidana. shinki shinki are ritual implements. Sets are available online (http://www.tsubakishrine.org/omamori/kamidana.html), or you can assemble your own – plain white china and unfinished wood are preferred. At a minimum, you will need: two tall vases (for evergreen branches); two shallow bowls (one for rice and one for salt); two covered, short vases or glasses (one for water and one for sake); and a holder or hinged box (for the ofuda).
    [Show full text]