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Und Westpreußen Inhalt Brocke / Heitmann / Lordick · Juden in Ost- und Westpreußen Inhalt Vorwort 9 Klaus-Eberhard Murawski Grundzüge der staatlichen Entwicklung in Ost- und Westpreußen 13 Regional- und Lokalgeschichte 39 Aloys Sommerfeld Juden im Ermland 41 Andreas Kossert Aus der Geschichte der jüdischen Gemeinde zu Johannisburg/Ostpreußen 67 Andreas Kossert Die jüdische Gemeinde Ortelsburg Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Juden in Masuren 87 Dorothea Elisabeth Deeters Juden in (Märkisch) Friedland Aspekte ihres Gemeindelebens in Polen und Preußen 125 6 INHALT Stefanie Schüler-Springorum Die Jüdische Gemeinde Königsberg 1871–1945 165 Grzegorz Berendt Die Danziger, Zoppoter und Gdinger Juden im 20. Jahrhundert Ein historischer Vergleich 187 Verwaltung, Schule und Wohlfahrt 203 Horst Leiber Einigkeit macht stark Der Verband der Synagogen-Gemeinden Ostpreußens 205 Margret Heitmann »Liebe zur Gemeinde erwächst erst aus dem Gefühl der Sicherheit« Der Verband der Westpreußischen Synagogengemeinden 1897–1922 217 JörgH.Fehrs »…, daß sie sich mit Stolz Juden nennen« Die Erziehung jüdischer Kinder in Ost- und Westpreußen im 19. Jahrhundert 239 Harald Lordick Entwicklungen und Strukturen Jüdische Wohlfahrtspflege in Ost- und Westpreußen im 19. Jahrhundert 281 Horst Leiber Die ostpreußischen »Söhne des Bundes« Zur Geschichte des Ordens B'nai B'rith 305 INHALT 7 Demographische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte 317 Stefan Hartmann Demographie und Statistik der Juden in Ostpreußen im 19. Jahrhundert 319 Kazimierz Wajda Die Juden im südlichen Westpreußen (Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder) im 19. Jahrhundert Zahl und soziale Schichtung 343 Konrad Fuchs Jüdisches Wirtschaftsleben in Ost- und Westpreußen 359 Lebensbilder 375 Andrea Ajzensztejn Der Aufstieg der jüdischen Familie Friedländer in Königsberg 377 Klaus-Eberhard Murawski »Im Glauben, meiner speziellen Heimat einen großen Dienst zu leisten« Bethel Henry Strousberg und der Eisenbahnbau in Ostpreußen 397 Andrea Ajzensztejn Isaak Abraham Euchel Ein jüdischer Aufklärer in Königsberg 405 Manfred Komorowski Jüdische Studenten, Doktoren und Professoren der Königsberger Universität im 19. Jahrhundert 425 Gabriele Schneider Fanny Lewald Eine Königsberger Demokratin 445 8 INHALT Helmut Neubach Jüdische Politiker aus Ost- und Westpreußen 461 Ludger Heid »… daß ich mit vielen Banden an Königsberg fest und gern hänge« Hugo Haase – eine Skizze 485 Stefanie Schüler-Springorum Hannah Arendt und Königsberg 511 Judentum im Spiegel von Literatur und Geschichtsschreibung 531 Kerstin Huizinga Benennen aber ist eine fortwährende Aufgabe Von den literarischen Möglichkeiten geschichtlicher Erkenntnisvermittlung am Beispiel von Johannes Bobrowskis Roman »Levins Mühle« 533 Bernhard Vogt Die »Atmosphäre eines Narrenhauses« Eine Ritualmordlegende um die Ermordung des Schülers Ernst Winter in Konitz 545 Klaus-Eberhard Murawski Judentum im Spiegel von ostpreußischem Heimatschrifttum aus der Zeit nach 1945 579 Anhang 597 Bibliographie 599 Autorinnen und Autoren 637 Bildnachweis 643 Ortsregister 645 Personenregister 651 Ortsregister Akkon 16 Berlin-Charlottenburg 363, Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) 77, Alexotas 433 489, 518, 508 155, 234, 346, 358, 387, Allenstein (Olsztyn) 32, 42, Berlin-Dahlem 56 440, 442 49, 50, 52, 55–58, 60–64, Berlin-Wannsee 61 Brzeziny/Kreis Lublin 107 96, 108, 120, 168, 207, 212, Berlin-Weissensee 221, 222 Bukowina 584 233, 236, 270, 275, 276, 280, Bernau 93 Bury St. Edmunds 552 307, 309, 311, 326, 338, 341, Beth HaShitta 165 Bütow 572 371, 443, 470, 475, 486, 594 Beutnerdorf 102, 103, 105, Alt-Keykuth 104 123, 124 Charlottenburg 363 Alt-Bychow (Bychow) 438 Bialla 67–69, 71–73, 75, 85, 86 Chicago 306 Altdorf 426 Bialystock 63, 91 Chodziesen/Posen 93 Altona 414, 443 Birkenfeld 235 Chorzele/Polen 83, 85, 113 Altschottland 18, 272 Bischofsburg (Biskupiec) 41, Christburg (Dzierzgon´ ) 18, Angerburg (Wegorzewo) 49, 55–57, 106, 309, 360, 247, 352 326, 341, 374, 441, 589, 590 439, 440 Cranz 213, 315 Arnstadt 552 Bischofstein (Bisztynek) 41, Culmsee (Chelmza) 229, Arys 67–69, 71, 72, 75–77, 49, 55–57, 441 247, 352 86, 309 Bischofswerder (Biskupiec) Czersk 571 Auschwitz 185 352, 374 Czerwone/Kreis Kolno 113 Blois 551 Baldenburg (Bialy Bór) 222, Bobrujsk/Rußland 442 Dachau 57, 526 345, 350, 571 Bourgogne 43 Damaskus 552 Balga 15 Boyen 471 Danzig (Gdan´ sk) 13, 15, 17, 18, Bandsburg 572 Braunsberg (Braniewo) 41, 23–31, 33, 35, 45, 47, 53, 93, Baranowen 124 43–45, 49, 52, 53, 55, 58, 109, 160, 187–201, 218–223, Bartenstein 47, 105, 207, 374, 61, 272, 325, 326, 339, 341, 225, 228–230, 233, 234, 402, 403 439, 591 242–244, 271–273, 276, 279, Basel 503 Bray-sur-Seine 552 283, 286, 289–291, 295, 297, Bauschowitz 63 Breitenheide 72 322, 324, 328, 360, 363, 368, Baveno 452 Breslau (Wroclaw) 29, 93, 373, 387, 438–441, 443, 464, Belgard (Bialogard) 135 120, 157, 166, 207, 227, 468, 473–475, 477, 480, Berent 93, 572 249–251, 322, 364, 369, 373, 483, 579–581, 585 Berlin 130, 161, 162, 166, 178, 391, 412, 414, 420, 427, 446, Danziger Nehrung 35 182, 380, 383, 390, 390, 391, 465, 466, 470, 482 Darkehmen 326, 341 394, 438, 439, 445, 451, 453, Brest 17 Dassel 44 458, 466–483, 554, 555, 559, Brest-Litowsk 403, 497 Dessau 414 562, 563 Briesen (Wabrzezno) 345, 352 646 ANHANG Deutsch Krone (Walcz) Friedland/Oberschlesien 378 Halberstadt 20, 21, 53, 157 132–134, 154, 247, 263, 264, Friedrichsfelde 97 Halle 130 348, 350, 355, 472 Friedrichshof 90, 97, 98, 104, Hambach 446, 457 Deutsch-Eylau (Ilawa) 222, 106, 107, 115, 123, 124 Hamburg 415 263, 352 Friedrichstadt/Kurland 440 Hamburg-Blankenese 82 Dirschau (Tczew) 403, 440 Fulda 552 Hammerstein (Czarne) 263, Dluttowen 71 Fürstenau/Danzig 443 345, 350, 564, 571 Doboga/Jaroslaw Fürstenwalde 97, 116 Hasenpoth/Kurland 406 (Galizien) 108 Heidelberg 473 Dobrzyn 299, 358 Galizien 108, 193 Heiligenbeil 339, 341, 373 Domnau (Domnovo) 440 Garnsee (Gardeja) 350 Heilsberg (Lidzbark Dramburg (Drawsko Garsden/Rußland 439 Warmin´ ski) 41, 42, 44–46, Pom.) 161 Gatzki/Marienwerder 440 49, 55, 58, 61, 73, 93, 281, Dresden 459 Gdingen 187–201 326, 339, 341, 441, 592 Driesen 585 Gehsen 68, 69, 72, 80 Heinrichsdorf (Siemczyno) Drygallen 72 Gerdauen (Zeleznodoroznyj) 134, 136 Duderstadt 57 341, 440 Hela (bei Danzig) 456 Glodowen 76, 80, 81, 83, 84 Heydekrug 341 Eberswalde 85 Glogau (Glogów) 322, Höchberg bei Würzburg 82 Eisenstadt/Burgenland 157 324, 430 Hohenstein/Kreis Osterode Elbing (Elblag) 14, 15, 18, 24, Gloucester 551 372, 590 25, 43, 46, 47, 212, 218, 221, Glubokoje/Weißrußland 439 Holstein 125 223, 225, 233, 248, 270, 280, Goldap 242, 309, 326, 341, 281, 291, 295, 296, 307, 309, 372, 590 Insterburg (C´ ernjachowsk) 311, 360, 362, 373, 438, 440, Gollub (Golub) 93, 101, 229, 49, 206, 207, 211, 212, 214, 442, 579, 585 234, 247, 263–265, 279, 299, 275, 280, 282, 307, 309, 311, Elsaß-Lothringen 471 344, 345, 352, 358 314, 325, 326, 339, 341, 360, Erfurt 469, 552 Goniadz 438 401–403, 441, 585 Ermland 13, 18, 24–27, 36, Gorzno (Górzno) 352 41–65, 73, 339, 387, 470, Gotha 496 Jablau 82 475, 579, 591, 593, 594 Gr. Blumenau 116 Jablon 71, 83 Exin (Znin) 358 Gr. Rosinsko 72 Jablonken 64 Eydtkuhnen (C´ ernis´evkoe) Grabowo/Kreis Sczuczyn 85 Jastrow (Jastrów) 145, 146, 212, 335, 401, 440, 441 Grajewo 403 222, 230, 246, 248, 345, 350 Graudenz (Grudziadz) 46, Jaszczewo/Gouvernement Farkashida/Ungarn 443 218, 220, 221, 223, 225, 229, Lublin 107 Fischhausen 326, 329, 336, 230, 233, 234, 248, 279, 288, Jena 489 339, 341 343–345, 349, 352, 353, 356, Johannisburg 67–86, 113, 280, Fiugatten 103 440, 441, 464 326, 336, 341 Flammberg 104, 124 Grenzmark-Posen-Westpreu- Flatow (Zlotów) 27, 90–92, ßen 233 Kabienen 45 222, 230, 233, 242, 343–348, Grodzisko 68, 69 Kalisch (Kalisz) 157 350, 351, 354, 358, 440 Groß Brodsende (Brudzedzy Kallies (Kalisz Pomorski) Fordon 346, 358 Wielkie) 438 126, 139 Frankfurt/Main 449, 453, Groß Konarczyn 572 Kamin 572 466–468, 470, 471 Groß Potauem Kammin (Kamien´ ) 350 Frankfurt/Oder 469 (Perekrestki) 443 Karpa 68 Frankreich 414 Großpolen 28 Karthaus 197 Frauenburg 41, 43, 44, 48, Grünberg 466, 474 Kaschubei 25 49, 55 Gumbinnen 243, 325, 326, 341 Kassel 474 Freystadt (Kisielice) 352 Gurs 527 Kattowitz 365 Friedeberg/Neumark Guttentag O/S 482 Katyn 64 (Strzelce Krajen´ kie) 160 Guttstadt 41, 46–49, Kauernick (Kurzetnik) 352 Friedland/Nordböhmen 378 52–55, 58 Kaunas (Kowno) 439, 441 ORTSREGISTER 647 Kiel 415 Landeck (Ledyczek) 126, 222, Magdeburg 84, 130, 229, 267 Kielce 199 344, 345, 350 Majdanek 86, 124 Kiew 212 Landsberg a.d. Warthe Makow 96 Kirchenjahn/Westpreu- (Gorzów Wielkopolski) Malic Trostinec 57 ßen 124 76, 136 Malken 535, 537 Kl. Jerutten 116 Landsberg/Königsberg 441 Marburg 520, 584 Kleve 21 Langfuhr 18, 199 Marggrabowa 439, 440 Kobbelhals 123 Langwalde 55 Mariampol/Rußland 441 Koblenz 552 Lappienen/Tilsit Marienburg 15, 16, 18, 32, 45, Kolmar (Chodziez) 358 (Daudertshöfen) 442 212, 223, 225, 227, 233, 235, Köln 458 Latzig b. Petznik (Piec- 248, 280, 282, 309, 360, 373, Köln-Lindenthal 53 nik) 126 403, 579 Kolno 80–85, 109, 112, 113 Lauda 552 Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) 13, Königsberg (Kaliningrad) 19, Lauenburg 572 15, 32, 233, 242, 243, 245, 20, 22–24, 30, 36, 87, 113, Lautenburg (Lidzbark) 234, 247, 248, 263, 280, 343–345, 116, 130, 165–186, 207, 213, 263, 344, 345, 352, 443 348–351, 354, 481, 483, 567, 239, 243, 249, 250, 252, 256, Lautern 57 576, 571, 579 273, 275, 292, 295, 298, 307, Leba/Pommern 93 Märkisch Friedland 309, 314, 315, 320, 321, 323– Lehlesken 112, 113 (Miroslawiec) 125–164, 326, 334, 341, 377–395, 405– Leinau 97 222, 230, 242, 247, 256, 263, 423, 425–459, 462–467, Leipzig 471, 473, 474 281,
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