Under o eUeeee lmt cag Atrpc factors ANthropic change Climate RedUceSevere to Provincia di ViterboProvincia The Et ruscan Su Università della TusciaUniversità n: En vironmental f Comune diAcquapendente riendly T Associazione Culturale Punti di Vista Punti rans po [[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY rt
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Under the Etruscan Sun. Environmental friendly Transport to RedUce ETRUSCAN Severe Climate change ANthropic factors a local governance experience for alternative mobility with renewable energy
ETRUSCAN is a sustainable mobility project with a strong local development component: this The PartNERSHIP . www.provincia.viterbo.gov.it - www.unitus.it www.comuneacquapendente.it www.conventobolsena.org/associazione_en.html www.provincia.sv.it three problems because it allows:
[[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY * Istat 2012 heritage of the area, the two buses o er a e project has also promoted the installation service for students from the Tuscia Univer- of an exhausted vegetable oil reforming plant. sity, helping to reduce the tra c of private COLLECTION OF At the same time the Province of Viterbo has vehicles; for the students of the schools of the initiated a project to collect exhausted vegetable Province they represent a chance to travel in WASTE OILS oil from households with the future goal of the local area through alternative and intrigu- Following the start of ETRUSCAN, the conveying the collected oil in the system and ing routes. generate non-fossil fuel for buses. ETRUSCAN is also a project of territorial received from the Lazio Region funding to ETRUSCAN is a local project that is projected governance, with demonstrative and educa- into the global dimension. e global biodiesel from households on the territory. 320,000 5l tional objectives. e project aimed to create a production between 2000 and 2011 has local energy production model and local to the number of households which will increased by over 25 times. In Italy, the produc- resources management that could ideally receive the cans) and 150 containers of 220l tion increased moderately of only 7 times, is technical and experimental initiative achieve the closed cycle production. Two while consumption increased from 0 to 31 aimed to create two hybrid bus prototypes photovoltaic stations have been set up to barrels per capita per year- 11,200 barrels is the powered by electricity from photovoltaic generate electricity from solar energy and to total production. sources and biodiesel from recycled cooking charge, in a virtually autonomous way, the e imbalance between production and oil. Two buses with an innovative design, electric motors of the two ETRUSCAN buses. domestic consumption di ers at European created in a vehicle workshop, assembling eir sizing is still well above the charging level: 177.690 barrels per capita produced, and existing components in a new and original needs of the buses at the current time, and the only 343.8 consumed. way, are now operating on the Tuscia territory. excess energy is therefore released into the Because of the archaeological and natural network. Production is growing as well as the demand. For now, however, it is almost entirely rst-generation biodiesel, produced from raw materials (crops) and not waste.
e growth of world production is negatively impacting food security especially in poor countries and in developing countries where energy companies have practiced land- grabbing, water control, deforestation and monocultures not intended for food (with the resulting intensive use of pesticides and fertiliz- ers that deplete and contaminate the soil), but only for the production of biodiesel (or bioethanol, which grows even more rapidly in production and consumption).
[[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY [[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY ETRUSCAN ENERGY towards the production of local renewable energy
ETRUSCAN has chosen to use fried oil on advanced technology still very expensive, 'light' models to meet local needs - while on instead of biodiesel from raw materials so as therefore is unlikely that such conversion will the other side mobility needs and possible not to negatively impact on social and Every year in Italy take place in those countries su ering the responses need to be rethought as well. - environmental conditions. As a matter of fact are utilised greatest impact in the short term. is unsus- As ETRUSCAN uses transesteri cation, the production on large plantations is tainable paradoxes of the rst generation having chosen to use wasted vegetable oils as contributing to the poverty of farmers who 1.400.000t biodiesel model (and biofuels in general), is raw material, other solutions - such as some are a ected by the agricultural change of vegetable oil precisely what ETRUSCAN aims at overcom- local authorities are already trying to adopt - without receiving nancial bene ts, and ing, proposing a di erent model, consisting may recur to pyrolysis for solid urban waste, becoming vulnerable to global market corresponding to in the experiment conducted, in the replica- and the two systems can be combined for uctuations. e use of waste oil subtracts ca. 25Kg per capita tion of the energy governance as well as the higher quantity of resulting energy. land to agricultural production for human construction of hybrid vehicles. In fact, not and animal consumption, plus transforms only the majority of the production is agricultural areas in the impoverished mono- currently from agricultural crops, reason why culture plantations. is incredible series of they should be referred as agrofuels; but the negative impacts of biofuels is slowly gaining transformation remains concentrated in a the attention of media and public opinion. few large industrial plants, adopting an environmentally unsustainable production ETRUSCAN has helped to disseminate this 150.000t 55.000t 40.000t model related to the energy-consuming from from from kind of information and related data through households businesses food industry archaic oil extractive industry. is shows seminars, website and participation in public that there is no full innovation compared events. It is important to underline that the 20% of the oil consumed with the low impact that the concept of direction taken by the global market in less becomes a leftover biodiesel (and biofuels in general) entails. than ten years predominantly favoured large returning to the environment ETRUSCAN project proposal which aimed at investors for the production of biofuels, with as a non hazardous using wasted cooking oil, locally collected to systems located mainly in poor countries, special waste create biofuel and to be used on site is techni- considered as natural and human resources 280.000t cally an easy and simple model if scaled at the per year is the overall to be exploited rather than potential markets. local provincial level. Although the collection egeneration plant for e hauste egetable is direction seems unlikely to be inverted quantity of vegetable and processing of local cooking oil cannot oils ropert of the ro ince of iterbo an in the next ten years either: investments for II waste oil in Italy solve the entire oil transportation needs of installe near c uapen ente generation biofuel plants are totally di erent the community that provides the raw mate- from those of I generation, and are dependent or 5KG per capita rial, it can open the way to the combination of If technical aspects are quite straightforward, A photovoltaic roof ...And one in THE BIOFUEL technical, bureaucratic issues related to the PRODUCTION PLANT production and use of biodiesel from vegeta- IN Viterbo... Acquapendente ble exhausted oils are hardly so. 1) A rst general di culty for Europe lies in e photovoltaic system has been realized on the barrel vaulted roof of the Tuscia the fact that biodiesel from waste is treated as all the rst-generation biofuels, and therefore University in Viterbo, former Faculty of a limit of 7% for vehicle use is set, with the Agriculture, Via S. Camillo de Lellis in remaining 93% characterized by traditional Viterbo. When projecting the recovery of the diesel - even in the presence of engines that vaulted roof, the use of insulated photovol- tolerate higher percentages. taic and shielding panels has enabled to 2) e second di culty lies in the authoriza- develop an energy production and saving system. e PV generator of 11.42 kWp, tion process, both in its length and duration required. During the project, the approval made of amorphous modules, fully procedures for reforming plants were integrated in the two vaulted roof structures, has also led to an improvement of the energy controlled at central level, therefore the inspection had to be submitted again when performance, and provided an opportunity the project was already in progress. Even if one for waterproo ng needs. of the two plants purchased is in perfect technical and working condition, it is still not operating at the end of the EU funded project. N To cope with this situation, biodiesel is N purchased, but the goal remains to activate the N production, for achieving the full demonstra- tive and innovative content. e aspiration to be able to achieve sustainable abo e roof co er s stem with insulation an photo oltaic small scale biodiesel production in the below the photo oltaic plant on the roof of former School of Agraria territory for the local territory is a rst step towards a more global vision of energetic democracy, where the o grid approach is not only contemplated, but systemically given, re ned and adjusted for the sake of the environment and consumers. Although this is the most di cult part to achieve, it is certainly the most innovative TM element of energetic governance that the ETRUSCAN model is experimenting and disseminating. A second plant was acquired by the Tuscia University in the setting up of a e construction of the photovoltaic system was realized together with the waterproo ng roof of the former Centre for alternative energies and is used to Faculty of Agriculture, improving the well-being of people using the building especially during summer research for the optimization of the transes- months. e project favoured a drastic reduction of energy use for heating, switching from 6996mc / year to teri cation reaction in order to obtain biofuel. 3294 cubic meters / year of gas. e plant produces 30172Kwh and allows a direct saving of 14.6 tonnes of CO2, which, even though the overall design of ETRUSCAN does not consider a comprehensive climate change mitigation indicator, represents a contribution to the reduction of environmental damage..
[[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY TWO HYBRID BUS PROTOTYPES
ETRUSCAN has created two hybrid buses, with I bus II bus thermal as well as electric motor traction. ey Università della Tuscia Provincia di Viterbo were built on the original design with a body 7,51 m lenght 7,51 m built speci cally to contain motors and compo- 2,33 m width 2,33 m nents assembled from existing assets and from 2,55 m height 2,55 m commercial vehicles. e buses were assembled in a workshop in 0763 gk weight (empty) 3670 kg the province of Terni, and then tested, 18 + 1 (driver) seats 18 + 1 (driver) approved and registered. Both have di erent design characteristics but quite comparable 1 front engine electric engine 2 engines on back suspensions performances. about 40km with a full recharge autonomy about 40km with a full recharge One of the buses will remain property of the within urban se ngs within urban se ngs Province of Viterbo and the other of the Tuscia 40 kW power cadauno: 40 kW University, and will serve school students of the 300 Nm torque 300 Nm Province, tourists and University students, promoting local knowledge with a low environ- Renault Master 2.3dCi combustion engine Renault Master 2.3dCi mental impact public transport (the university e vehicles were approved as M3 ecological 6 gears Euro 5 6 gears Euro 5 'shuttle') instead of using private transport for "minibus" category for the transport of about 00 in urban se ngs autonomy about 00 in urban se ngs with full tank of 80 liters with full tank of 80 liter most of the movements related to university life. passengers as well as for people with disabili- ties. ey can operate in urban areas (where 107 kW power 107 kW - 350 Nm (1500-2750 rpm) max torque 350 Nm (1500-2750 rpm) the electric motor is preferable and some- prenumatic suspensions front suspensions originals from Renault times mandatory as in the case of some with elecrtic compressor historical centers) as well as extra-urban. e self-levelling self-levelling back suspensions oleodynamicsuspensions environmental impact of the vehicle is equal oleodynamicsuspensions to zero in urban areas, where it is supposed Easy connection betweenelectric features Electric engine on each bac wheel to move only with the electric engine, and- engine and the mechanical shaft recharging batteries while driving limited in extra-urban areas where driving is through toothed belt - done with a heat engine fed with biodiesel. gears active also on electric drive - e construction of the minibus started chassis ground distance chassis ground distance - from a 2300cc Renault Master powerplant, can be adjusted by the driver can be adjusted by the driver 107 kW including engine / transmission / di erential - front suspension. electric power break
Power steering operating also Power steering operating also in electric drive in electric drive Bus I - Tuscia University Transmission belt to recharge electric engine while combustion engine is operating
T
Bus I - Tuscia University Scheme of the combustion engine connecting through the mechanical shaft to the electric engine: both engine are on the front
BATTERIES MANAGEMENT The buses are equipped with the - Bus II - Province of Viterbo Both electric engines are - on the back wheels - - [[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY COMMUNICATING INFORMING DEMONSTRATING ...to transform
e communication aspect of a demon- products- in ways that not only pollute costs to provide basic services (school, tional and fun experiences, using strative project has an important role. In but include also climate altering gas services for the elderly, auto service), dynamic and role games specially order to reach the di erent audiences emissions. ETRUSCAN has highlighted were organized, researching together for created to convey information and multiple materials were created and the need to conceptualize waste technological and legal limitations exist- responsibility to prepare and be distributed through di erent channels. (showing the feasibility of the exhausted ing to date to improve the governance of prepared for change. From public administrators to school vegetable oil supply chain) as a resource, energy, waste, transport towards a - students, from University students to to be used in a non-polluting way for greater energy democracy. Very stimu- ETRUSCAN has created the website experts and advisors of mobility and public services. Meetings between public lating reections on alternative and www.lifeetruscan.eu in which materials,- vehicles, and nally citizens in a broad administrations from di erent areas of ecologically virtuous models derived, articles, press releases and newspaper sense: over four years of conferences, Italy, which are forced to reduce fuel included discussion on the possibility of articles, video interviews, video record- public events, workshops, exhibitions reducing the absolute need of transpor- ings of meetings and various activities and lectures have favoured the encoun- tation (including fuel, focusing on its carried out were uploaded and ter of people, explaining the challenges creation on the spot with renewable published. of ETRUSCAN and its results, present- energy), the reduction of mobility needs - Despite having published promotional
ing its strengths and replicability. TO ETRUSCAN and the increased opportunities for PROGET material, the dissemination of digital Strumento finanziario LIFE della CE
PROGETTO ETRUSCAN public non-polluting mobility. products and information was maxi- Strumento finanziario LIFE della CE Many opportunities have also allowed to mized in order to reduce the environ- clarify the limits - mainly bureaucratic- ETRUSCAN presented the technical mental impact of communication. - legislative - met during the implementa- solutions of its shuttles to other hybrid
tion, which have reduced the possibility vehicles manufacturers, sharing infor- PROGETTO ETRUSCAN Strumento finanziario LIFE della CE of achieving total independence from mation with various audience groups, fossil fuel and the use of the shuttle buses and with other groups who have under- for exclusive public service. e main taken the experimental use and produc-
PROGETTO ETRUSCAN Strumento finanziario LIFE della CE message conveyed by the project is the tion of biodiesel. e shuttles were following: another type of mobility is presented and used by students, while
PROGETTO ETRUSCAN Strumento finanziario LIFE della CE urgent and even possible, because providing a message on the reliability climate change is a reality now also and independence of hybrid vehicles, tragic in some places of the earth; this is Some cards from the deck realised and the importance of maximizing strongly due to the lifestyle of a large for the junior high school and high school public transportation service over part of Western population, the produc- students to play the “Environmental tribunal private transport. Young students were tion of energy and industrial agricultural of Climate Change” trained in school engaging in educa- The SUSTAINABLE WORLD OF Etrusca
To transform and realize we where there are collective buildings with must rst imagine and see what solar panels and wind turbines structur- is not there yet ... e game of ally inserted into the building, and the Etrusca aims at stimulating the urban center is characterized by green imaginative capacity essential for areas, plants, roof gardens that insulate achieving important changes in heat and transform carbon dioxide into society such as climate change oxygen, and integrate into the landscape. mitigation and adaptation. e Etrusca uses various means of transport, sixteen illustrated panels that form a com- the bike, the boat, but also the bus and plex image, present with short texts and cable car; in her world petrol is not used many interesting details the story of to power engines. Renewable energy is Etrusca: a young girl who lives in a world generated everywhere with small private in which mobility is mainly collective, and public plants that meet the local intermodal, electrical and through biofu- consumption needs and nd their way els, the frying oil is collected and reused to into it. Etrusca also spends a lot of time make fuel. Etrusca rides the bike to school outdoors and in the last 'panel' of this and picks up her snacks from the garden, story she dreams of becoming a European characterized by solar greenhouses prod- Union Parliamentarian to contribute to ucts; parents use the train and telecom- land and natural resources protection and mute, and are happy to let their young management. daughter walk alone to the local dairy to buy cheese because the city center is pedestrian only. Etrusca lives in an area
LET’S MOBILIZE! workshop & manifesto
Are we really sure that today's youth identi es bene t of a more inclusive and environmentally freedom and freedom of movement by having less problematic mobility? Many good practices private new cars to go everywhere? And if their useful ideas for those interested in territorial imagination was more complex, rich, focused planning are contained in this quasi-Manifesto on relationships with people? And if the new for Sustainable Mobility prepared by 18 young generations were very interested in the air students and recent graduates from various quality and the environment, use of time, inclu- parts of Italy who participated in the "Let’s Mobi- sion, the full use of technological progress for the lize!" workshop, sponsored by ETRUSCAN. [[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY A QUASI-Manifesto For We the youth, 18 students and profession- many others, shall incite us towards a by attempting a -though tempory- self- C. als recently graduated, proceeding from dif- change in our life-style as well as in the way identi cation with their daily lives. Among SPECIFIC ISSUES AND TRANS- ferent parts of Italy and walks of life, have societies are governed. those pro les, the following shall also be PORTATION PROBLEMS EXPERI- been meeting in the Convento S.Maria del including the following: ENCED BY ACTUAL PEOPLE Giglio in Bolsena (Viterbo, Italy) from the What we mainly understood is: 4th to the 6th June 2012 to improve our un- THERE IS NO STUSTAINABLE MOBILITY A. quantity PROFILES derstanding and knowledge of the essential WITHOUT PROPER TERRITORIAL scarcity of public transportation ingredients that shall always be present to PLANNING. - Teenager – from suburban / rural side promote a truly sustainable mobility. For this reason we developed a sort of - Girl / pupil at primary school / living in excess of private cars not fit for urban setting occupying large portions of public spaces We met each other as we all answered checklist that we are eager to share as an the center of town the call for participating to the residential additional guideline for the public stake- - University youth, included foreigners and presence of architectonic barriers workshop “Mobilitiamoci!” (Let’s Mobi- holders involved in planning for mobility, Europeans (as Erasmus students) / com- absence of intermodal integration lize!) which the Italian Cultural Associa- tra c ows, and in general anthropized muters or moving in from other towns and among dierent transportation means tion Punti di Vista promoted in collabora- places. with no automobile scarcity of public funds tion with the Province of Viterbo within the - Single mother in public transportation - Young worker (m/f) project ETRUSCAN. We tried to de ne what are the basic values - Local administrator ETRUSCAN is a project to demonstrate that can underpin a sustainable mobility quality - Retired old person the feasibility of the use of renewable ener- considered alternative to the the existing - Tourist inappropriate and dangerous driving gies for extraurban mobility; it is realised one. We list them in the paragraph G, the - Vp of cultural élite lack of planned time coincidence among with the support of the nancial instrument last one, as we arrived to outline them by - Disable persone schedules of dierent public LIFE+ of the European Union. induction on a consensual basis, and not - Children, toddlers and newborn babies transportation rides and networks as an a priori stand. Among these values, - etc. CONTINUE AND ADAPT AS AP- roads not well taken care of Climate change, environmental destruc- ranks high the independence from fossile PROPRIATE AND NEEDED public transportation vehicles and tion, global social injustice also powered fuels. B. infrastructures in bad conditions, by traditional mobility heavily relying on TYPES OF CONDITIONING included hygiene standards exploitation of petrol, all have reached In order to plan and design mobility, nec- existing in people’s lives across a lifetime: such dramatic levels that we wish can be a essary precondition for creating solutions - working shis N.B.: e issues listed in B and C can unanimously recognised as a shared start- which are socially and environmentally - familiy time needs (with variations, could be identi ed and considered as baseline ing point for the Conference RIO +20. sustainable, we need to start from real peo- be individual or enlarged family) data to plan accordingly; but they can ple, from their private lives, from their vital - available budget also be elements to reshape towards Even the quality of life of the subjects around needs and from realistic consideration of - location and geography of the surrond- the top of the energy chain, the automobile economical means. Every planning exercise ings in relation to movements (where is higher sustainability and wellbeing drivers, can be considered fully positive. need to start by developing plausible pro- the house, working place, the type of terri- through participatory work and wide ese considerations, in combination with les of the people that intends to serve, and tory they are in, etc.) ranging policies. SUSTAINABLE MOBILITy D. students moving to and from school proposed by citizens and groups wellbeing and environment from other ACTUAL DAILY ACTIVITIES - Make possible and easy transportation - Favour citizens’ self-organisation through populations PERFORMED BY REAL PEOPLE and mobility with animal traction appropriate legal measures and through - optimizes the use of energy and materi- - Working - Recognize, allow and easy telework elimination of bureacratic obstacles als, and avoids the environmental losses - Personal care of self and of others - Create a network of photovoltaic infra- - Aiming at transforming the experience and wastes. - Creation and fruition of culture structures for recharging electric vehicles of mobiity into a PLEASANT one, par- - Purchasing stu and bikes ticularly when using public transportation - Entertainment and use of free time (w-e) - Promote the use of electric vehicles and - Planning while keeping INTERMODAL- Each of these paragraph could be enriched and - Education and training bikes ITY between di erent transportation systems speci ed keeping into account the dierent - Participation and social activities - Promote or at least not hamper initia- in sight, also combining public and private, realities in which they could be used as an aid - OTHER... tives using social network for on demand mechanical and non mechanical solutions. to planning. mobility service exchange - Regular maintenance of infrastructure E. - Promote infomobility which shall be done in DURABLE materials We think though that the concepts listed in this PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS - Mobilise public funding for sustainable - Promote and set up monitoring groups also document account for the core set of elements - WHAT TO DO - mobility interventions that also aim at in- through the involvement of citizens to keep into consideration and develop in every It is important that practical solutions and creasing occupancy and create jobs. - Produce and disseminate good practices experience of good planning and initiatives for alternative mobility are ex- and lessons learned. implementation of alternative mobility. changed and proposed in multiple spaces, F. and that good practices are replicated. PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS G. Until today many type of interventions - HOW TO DO IT - CONSISTENT AND FUNDAMENTAL have already been tested and they can be - Organize and take into practice situa- VALUES TO SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY incorporated in (re)planning existing de- tions for listening to citizens Sustainable mobility: veloped areas or areas of recent anthropiza- - Re-organize information management - is intrinsecally connected to an energy sup- tion. Among those these shall be included: systems of mobility by including in it the ply chain fully renewable, clean and local. - Pedestrian areas speci city of di erent pro les of users, ex- - is structurally de ned by the coexistance - Bike lanes plicitating di erent needs and capacities and by integration of di erent solutions - Bike sharing facilities - Consequently, promote and develop in- and transportation modalities Participants to the workshop “Mobilitiamoci!” and to the - Car sharing facilities fomobility accordingly - has as objective economic accessibility write up of the Quasi-manifesto: - Car pooling practice - Bring into existence modalities of PER- and democratic governance Pierluigi Abiuso ● Fabio Castelli ● Bernardo Crespi ● Ales- - Collective taxi MANENT PARTICIPATORY PLAN- - relies on people-centered planning sio Calicchia ● Simone di Marco ● Mirko Grilli ● Lorenzo Ialongo ● Morgan Ferranti ● Giulia Ferroni ● Valeria Fichi - Utilisation of public and private vehicle NING, all along project phases. Keep rel- - aims at the quality of service and to the ● Paola Morrone ● Aurora Natalia ● Eleonora Pugini ● with minimum environmental impact evant population always informed and up pleasancy of the experience, at comfort Anita Rizzi ● Isabella Strippoli (included electric vehicles, tram, etc.) and to date in project design and implementa- and it is inspired by a sense of humanity Facilitator: Elena Liotta progressive substitution of existing eets tion, as mistakes and adjustments are pos- - scopes for solutions conducive to the in- - Utilisation of sustainable fuels sible in all phases. crease - not the loss - of job opportunities Idea and coordination: Cultural Association Punti di Vista in - Incorporate pedibus and ciclobus for - O er a support to bottom up initiatives - does not rely on predating resources, collaboration with Provincia di Viterbo EtruscAn in ACTION presented on an interactive map, published During the design stage the two buses on the project website. Four itineraries were thought as interchangeable in have been selected addressing di erent various functions and locations, but the audiences (families, seniors, hikers) to Italian legislation provides for a very highlight the diversity of the province, complex process regarding the registra- which is one of the largest in Italy. e tion and use by third parties compared to routes close to the capital, in the Tiber the registration for own use. In order not valley, and in the Maremma Laziale are to waste valuable time during the available on paper in Italian and English. construction phase of the bus, the rst e dissemination events have always been shuttle of property of the Tuscia Univer- accompanied by a presentation of the sity was registered for own use, thus allow- project's objectives - use of renewable ing only the transportation of students University bus will be available to students for energy and local sustainable mobility - and University sta . Initially, the same shuttle service, and the one of the Province will ensuring the desire to promote the conser- option was considered for the second bus, be dedicated to schools and - during school vation of the area. e two buses are owned by the Province of Viterbo, in holidays - for groups of tourists, who will get to characterized by exclusive di erent uses, order to ensure the use by the end of the know the area with a low ecological impact. e two ETRUSCAN hybrid buses aim to both free: the bus of the Tuscia University project (December 2013). However, the e circulating buses will remain identi able as reduce car tra c and the impact of mobil- works as 'shuttle' for the students and sta Province of Viterbo has opened a proce- ETRUSCAN project's results for the graphics ity through the use of renewable energy of the University, that of the Province for dure to obtain a general use licence for that distinguishes them and information mate- and alternative fuel, but also to raise aware- employees and for the general public. third parties and driver. e di culty of rials produced, distributed both in hard copy ness of the Tuscia territory from which the formalizing free public transport service and available on the website; they will allow project originates. In order to achieve this in the existing legal framework have and continue sensitisation and information goal an Info-Point has been set at the caused a huge impact in the timing of the about hybrid vehicles and the possibility of historic Julia Tower in Acquapendente, project implementation. In particular, the climate change mitigation through the use of with a space devoted to the project, infor- change of the legal framework on several renewable energy for mobility. mation boards and leaets, and operators occasions, and especially the implementa- available to hand out in-depth information tion of the 2012 decrees of Spending on the project to visitors and schools and to Review and the subsequent opinion book bus tours. A number of itineraries, of the Court of Auditors, have suggested to schools and visitors, have hindered the creation of a been developed for less known destina- speci c ETRUSCAN provin- tions, in which the bus trip is combined Etruscan Info-Point at the Torre Julia in Acquapen-- cial institution, supposed to with a walking tour. A substantial number dente: above the inside, and the entry by the road manage the bus and allow of points of interest in the area have been S.S. Cassia public use and service. e launch of project 22 February 2010 >>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>
stakeholder meeting 10 June 2010 >>>>>>>>>>
launch of didactical activities in schoools Spring 2010
Energy Week EUSW 2010 22 March 2010
1* workshop (for public amministrators) - Bolsena 12-14 July 2010 >>>>>>>>>>>
1* fair - Savona 2010 Eco ambiente - conference& stand 10 October 2010>>
presentation in the Cancun Alter Summit on climate 5 - 6 December 2010 dal diario di Etruscan opening of Info Point Etruscan in Acquapendente12 December 2010 >>>>>
meeting with Tuscia UNiversity Students 4 February2011
Presentation Humboldt Universität - Berlino 25 February 2011 >>>>>>
round table - Viterbo 24 March 2011 >>>>>>>>>>>>
“Fa’ la cosa Giusta” - Milano 25 - 27 March 2011>>
Energy Week EUSW 2011 13 April 2011
Musicambiente - Bolsena stand + street artist show 29-30-31 July 2011 >>>>>>
2* workshop (for students & designers) “Mobilitiamoci!” - Bolsena 4-6 June 2012 >>>>>>>>
Energia in Movimento - Viterbo 2011 - conference + stand 15 - 16 June 2012 >>>>>>>> >
Energy Week EUSW 2012 - Viterbo 16 June2012
press conference Viterbo presentation of buses + stand + bus exhibi tion 18 October 2012 >>>>
2* fair- Savona 2012 Ecoambiente - conference+ stand + bus exhi bition 23 October 2012
3* fair- Rimini E comondo 7-8-9-10 November 2012
[[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY Seminar at Rimini Economondo 9 November 2012 >>>>>
Green Day Acquapendente - stand + Bus exhibit 28 April 2013 >>>>>>>>>>>>
3* workshop (for vehicle sector engineers) “Potenza Ibrida” - Orte 29-30-31 May 2013 >>>>>
Energy Week EUSW 2013 24 June 2013
4* workshop (for public administrators) - Bolsena 12-14 Dicembre 2013 >>>>
round table promoted by the IEE project “Oileco” - Roma 6 February 2013
wrappng up activities in schools December 2013 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Public meeting for project completion - Viterbo 18 December 2013 >>>>>>>>
lessons learned Relevant technological changes suggested in the event of a project replication are basically focused on the project component involving the construction of hybrid buses.
1. The two shuttle prototypes have different 3. The electromagnetic clutches used were not those provided by design, as different construction choices were the project, planned to be conic and hydraulically operated, but not- carried out in the course of work, setting them available on the market and too long and expensive to build from apart from the original plan. The most viable option scratch. according to cost-benefit analysis is certainly the This caused many problems as the distance between rotor and stator bus which will remain property of the Tuscia should not be greater than 4/10 of a millimeter (if at 6 they would not University (I bus). It was the first to be completed of work). The solution was found after many trials, and is however fully the two prototypes: it has front wheel drive, a satisfactory: adjustable tapered bearings were inserted. Unless there single electric motor placed in the front compart- is the possibility to invest in the construction of a prototype cone ment to the left of the thermic engine, and clutch, hydraulically operated, this solution can be replicated instead. connected directly to the gearbox of the vehicle. The other technological solution applied to the 4. The suspensions of both prototypes were created with a second prototype consists of two electric motors hydraulic cylinder and with a single reinforcement at the top. In disposed on each of the rear wheels, characterized order to stabilize even more the vehicles another reinforcement was by a more intense work of customization and higher added to each one below. If the prototypes were replicated, it would complexity in execution. However, this second be more appropriate to buy them directly with the double reinforce- model - once developed - also presents more ment, which among other things appear to be even lighter by about reliability and power, and would allow for the 70-80Kg compared to those with only one reinforcement. elongation of the bodywork to include at least one more seats row (allowing for an extended capacity 5. The management software chosen is valid, should only be of 22 passengers). refined over time and adjusted during use. No substantial changes are needed, only adjustments (ex. speed of the rear wheels to differenti- ate during the steering, to achieve synchronicity of the wheels when curving).
2. A possible improvement of the first prototype, 6. Finally, to improve the project implementation it would be without consequences on the system, would be the better not to contract external providers for electronics, brakes etc . inclusion of an greater power engine than the one The identification of a single partner or a technical contractor would currently used, which has 25kw: considering what's be a far more efficient option and would allow a more rapid and available on the market, one of 30 - 35Kw could be reliable coordination, less expense and time, greater control by the used. project management. Final remarks what would - There is a strong demand for energy democrcy of people willing to extractive approach (extraction change towards more sustainable life and mobility styles. To and value dislocation), even in facilitate enable this change, initiatives of alternative energy for mobility areas presented as alternative replication should create and provide not only different technical solutions, and green. but a model of alternative energy management. To replicate inter- A simplification of relevant rules ventions such as a ETRUSCAN can represent a means of improving - Simplify the rules for public for the various aspects and energy democracy through small scale production, decentralized, service vehicle management in activities of the project would be essential for a wide duplication without intermediaries, more resilient, allowing environmentally the case of local government and replication of ETRUSCAN. and gloally more efficient production, management and consump- initiatives. If a vehicle is The minimal interventions tion models, towards KM0. approved as safe, why should suggested would be to: there be any restrictions on the - include distinctions in the plant - Guaranteeing simplified rules for (at least) local authorities to (re) type of user? Interventions in authorization process with respect to the production capacity generate resources for the community from non-hazardous waste, favour of alternative mobility of the plant, simplifying rules for reducing damage and costs related to disposal, and producing must include-among other things systems with limited production added value through the production of non-polluting fuel with little - the improvement of public capacity ecological impact to be used for community services, would be a transport and in turn increase - provide incentives for public powerful choice not only to reduce emissions, but to effectively circulating vehicles, qualitative institutions wishing to address the problem of exhausted vegeta- stimulate behavioural change through concrete examples to verify characteristics and response to ble oils and at the same time throughout the supply chain, facilitating the emergence of a more the real movement, exchange and produce biofuel for their own 'profound and more 'extensive environmental consciousness. intermodality needs. If a public vehicles Preventing this from happening, limiting the capacity to manage institution invests in demonstra- - provide simplified authorization waste or install small biofuel production plants for the advantage tion projects it can not be for individuals and families who want to experience self produc- (also) of local governments, contributes to mixed signals about the perceived and categorized as a tion real will to change the current structure of oil dependency, and private competitor, but rather as - revise the thresholds allowed at does not change the drift - caused by existing laws - of the danger- a forerunner to transport and European level for the use of ous monopolistic appropriation of all types of waste management mobility needs - from individual second-generation biofuels in by large economic organizations, purely profit-oriented, with an to collective. biodiesel blends.
[[[PMJIIXVYWGERIY EtruScAn IN numBERS - - For additional information and for downloading materials and publications: www.lifeetruscan.eu - [email protected] Provincia di Viterbo, Sett. Ambiente, via Sa 1 Viterbo 01100, tel. +39 0761 799066 InfoPoint ETRUSCAN, via Torre Julia De Jacopo Acquapendente 01021 (VT), tel. +39 0763730065
e project ETRUSCAN ENV 08/IT/425 was realised with the support of the nancial instrument of EU Life+
Since 2007 LIFE+is the EU frame programme on environment. It covers two main sectors: environment protection and conservation, included energy e ciency, and climate change mitigation and adaptation. Eligible projects can be experimental and demonstrative (as ETRUSCAN was), focused on dissemination of good practices and on commu- nication, for each sector. e new 2014-2020 plan introduced new possible measures, as capacity builsing, preparatory projects, integrated projects, technical assistance. Every year call for proposal are launched and projects selected according to availability of resources. For info and forms: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/
is publication was realised by the Cultural Association Punti di Vista in collaboration with the Province of Viterbo and of Tuscia University. e contents of this publication do not necessarily reect o cial position of European Union or of European Institutions, but only represent those of the authors.
A special thank to all those who made ETRUSCAN possible, and in particular to:
Jacopo Agostini, Sabrina Aguiari, Alberto Bambini, Barbara Bertola, Oriana Bisti, Paolo Boldrini, Marco Burchielli, Grazia Cagnucci, Giulia Camerlengo, Sonja Cappello, Maurizio Carlini, Sonia Castellucci, Marzia Dini, Alessandra Espis, Egisto Fede, Vincenzo Gareri, Antonella Lisi, Lavinia Maisto, Mauro Marchionni, Paulo Melo, Clara Mezzetti, Alessandro Pozzi, Amalia Salvatore, Flaminia Tosini, Fabio Tognetti. Printed by Tipogra a Quatrini Marzo 2014