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Anne R Johnston Phd Thesis
;<>?3 ?3@@8393;@ 6; @53 6;;3> 530>623? 1/# *%%"&(%%- B6@5 ?=316/8 >343>3;13 @< @53 6?8/;2? <4 9A88! 1<88 /;2 @6>33 /OOG ># 7PJOSTPO / @JGSKS ?UDNKTTGF HPR TJG 2GIRGG PH =J2 CT TJG AOKVGRSKTY PH ?T# /OFRGWS &++& 4UMM NGTCFCTC HPR TJKS KTGN KS CVCKMCDMG KO >GSGCREJ.?T/OFRGWS,4UMM@GXT CT, JTTQ,$$RGSGCREJ"RGQPSKTPRY#ST"COFRGWS#CE#UL$ =MGCSG USG TJKS KFGOTKHKGR TP EKTG PR MKOL TP TJKS KTGN, JTTQ,$$JFM#JCOFMG#OGT$&%%'($'+)% @JKS KTGN KS QRPTGETGF DY PRKIKOCM EPQYRKIJT Norse settlement in the Inner Hebrides ca 800-1300 with special reference to the islands of Mull, Coll and Tiree A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Anne R Johnston Department of Mediaeval History University of St Andrews November 1990 IVDR E A" ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS None of this work would have been possible without the award of a studentship from the University of &Andrews. I am also grateful to the British Council for granting me a scholarship which enabled me to study at the Institute of History, University of Oslo and to the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs for financing an additional 3 months fieldwork in the Sunnmore Islands. My sincere thanks also go to Prof Ragni Piene who employed me on a part time basis thereby allowing me to spend an additional year in Oslo when I was without funding. In Norway I would like to thank Dr P S Anderson who acted as my supervisor. Thanks are likewise due to Dr H Kongsrud of the Norwegian State Archives and to Dr T Scmidt of the Place Name Institute, both of whom were generous with their time. -
2020 Cruise Directory Directory 2020 Cruise 2020 Cruise Directory M 18 C B Y 80 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−− 17 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2020 MAIN Cover Artwork.qxp_Layout 1 07/03/2019 16:16 Page 1 2020 Hebridean Princess Cruise Calendar SPRING page CONTENTS March 2nd A Taste of the Lower Clyde 4 nights 22 European River Cruises on board MS Royal Crown 6th Firth of Clyde Explorer 4 nights 24 10th Historic Houses and Castles of the Clyde 7 nights 26 The Hebridean difference 3 Private charters 17 17th Inlets and Islands of Argyll 7 nights 28 24th Highland and Island Discovery 7 nights 30 Genuinely fully-inclusive cruising 4-5 Belmond Royal Scotsman 17 31st Flavours of the Hebrides 7 nights 32 Discovering more with Scottish islands A-Z 18-21 Hebridean’s exceptional crew 6-7 April 7th Easter Explorer 7 nights 34 Cruise itineraries 22-97 Life on board 8-9 14th Springtime Surprise 7 nights 36 Cabins 98-107 21st Idyllic Outer Isles 7 nights 38 Dining and cuisine 10-11 28th Footloose through the Inner Sound 7 nights 40 Smooth start to your cruise 108-109 2020 Cruise DireCTOrY Going ashore 12-13 On board A-Z 111 May 5th Glorious Gardens of the West Coast 7 nights 42 Themed cruises 14 12th Western Isles Panorama 7 nights 44 Highlands and islands of scotland What you need to know 112 Enriching guest speakers 15 19th St Kilda and the Outer Isles 7 nights 46 Orkney, Northern ireland, isle of Man and Norway Cabin facilities 113 26th Western Isles Wildlife 7 nights 48 Knowledgeable guides 15 Deck plans 114 SuMMER Partnerships 16 June 2nd St Kilda & Scotland’s Remote Archipelagos 7 nights 50 9th Heart of the Hebrides 7 nights 52 16th Footloose to the Outer Isles 7 nights 54 HEBRIDEAN -
Biodiverse Master
Montane, Heath and Bog Habitats MONTANE, HEATH AND BOG HABITATS CONTENTS Montane, heath and bog introduction . 66 Opportunities for action in the Cairngorms . 66 The main montane, heath and bog biodiversity issues . 68 Main threats to UK montane, heath and bog Priority species in the Cairngorms . 72 UK Priority species and Locally important species accounts . 73 Cairngorms montane, heath and bog habitat accounts: • Montane . 84 • Upland heath . 87 • Blanket bog . 97 • Raised bog . 99 ‘Key’ Cairngorms montane, heath and bog species . 100 65 The Cairngorms Local Biodiversity Action Plan MONTANE, HEATH AND BOG INTRODUCTION Around one third of the Cairngorms Partnership area is over 600-650m above sea level (above the natural woodland line, although this is variable from place to place.). This comprises the largest and highest area of montane habitat in Britain, much of which is in a relatively pristine condition. It contains the main summits and plateaux with their associated corries, rocky cliffs, crags, boulder fields, scree slopes and the higher parts of some glens and passes. The vegeta- tion is influenced by factors such as exposure, snow cover and soil type. The main zone is considered to be one of the most spectacular mountain areas in Britain and is recognised nationally and internationally for the quality of its geology, geomorphology and topographic features, and associated soils and biodiversity. c14.5% of the Cairngorms Partnership area (75,000ha) is land above 600m asl. Upland heathland is the most extensive habitat type in the Cairngorms Partnership area, covering c41% of the area, frequently in mosaics with blanket bog. -
Hebrides Explorer
UNDISCOVERED HEBRIDES NORTHBOUND EXPLORER Self Drive and Cycling Tours Highlights Stroll the charming streets of Stornoway. Walk the Bird of Prey trail at Loch Seaforth. Spot Otters & Golden eagles. Visit the incredible Callanish standing stones. Explore Sea Caves at Garry Beach. See the white sands of Knockintorran beach Visit the Neolithic chambered cairn at Barpa Langais. Explore the iconic Kisimul Castle. View Barra Seals at Seal Bay. Walk amongst Wildflowers and orchids on the Vatersay Machair. Buy a genuine Harris Tweed and try a dapple of pure Hebridean whiskey. Explore Harris’s stunning hidden beaches and spot rare water birds. Walk through the hauntingly beautiful Scarista graveyard with spectacular views. This self-guided tour of the spectacular Outer Hebrides from the South to the North is offered as a self-drive car touring itinerary or Cycling holiday. At the extreme edge of Europe these islands are teeming with wildlife and idyllic beauty. Hebridean hospitality is renowned, and the people are welcoming and warm. Golden eagles, ancient Soay sheep, Otters and Seals all call the Hebrides home. Walk along some of the most alluring beaches in Britain ringed by crystal clear turquoise waters and gleaming white sands. Take a journey to the abandoned archipelago of St Kilda, now a world heritage site and a wildlife sanctuary and walk amongst its haunting ruins. With a flourishing arts and music scene, and a stunning mix of ancient neolithic ruins and grand castles, guests cannot fail to be enchanted by their visit. From South to North - this self-drive / cycling Holiday starts on Mondays, Thursdays or Saturdays from early May until late September. -
Beautiful, Spacious Beachside Island Home
Beautiful, Spacious Beachside Island Home Suidheachan, Eoligarry, Isle of Barra, HS9 5YD Entrance hallway • Kitchen • Dining room • Utility room Drawing room / games room • Sitting room • Inner hallway • Bathroom Master bedroom with en suite 4 further bedrooms • Butler’s pantry • Shower room Bedroom 5 / study Directions The isle of Barra is often If you are taking the ferry from described as the jewel of the Oban you will arrive at Castle Hebrides with its spectacular Bay – turn right and continue beaches, rugged landscaped north for approximately 8.3 and flower laden machair, while miles; Suidheachan is on the the wildlife rich isles of left hand side adjacent to Vatersay (linked by a causeway Barra Airport. to Barra) and Mingulay (accessed by boat) are equally If flying to Barra Airport – stunning and also boast idyllic Suidheachan is adjacent to beaches. The beaches in Barra the airport. and Vatersay are among the very best in the world with Flights to Barra Airport from fabulously white sands and Glasgow Airport take around 1 crystal clear waters. The hour 10 minutes in normal beaches offer large and empty flying conditions. The ferry stretches of perfect sand and from Oban takes are also popular with sea approximately 4 hours 30 kayakers and surfers. The minutes in normal wildlife on the island is sailing conditions. stunning, with numerous opportunities for wildlife Situation watching including seals, The beautiful isle of Barra is a golden eagles, puffins, 23 square mile island located guillemots and kittiwakes, with approximately 80 miles from oyster catchers and plovers on the mainland reached by either the seashore. -
Wilderness Walking View Trip Dates Outer Hebrides: Book Now the Uists, Barra & Mingulay
Wilderness Walking View Trip Dates Outer Hebrides: Book Now The Uists, Barra & Mingulay Trip Grade: Green 2 Outer Hebrides: The Uists, Barra & Mingulay Join us as we embark on a journey through the southern Outer Hebrides. The curious traveller who ventures here will be rewarded by quiet islands, wonderfully scenic walks and welcoming accommodations, all the time accompanied by wild Atlantic vistas. A trip to Mingulay provides a fitting climax to the trip. Your knowledgeable guide will provide a fascinating insight into the complex tapestry of island life, history and geology. They can also help you spot wildlife, which may include golden eagles, white tailed sea eagles, basking sharks, whales and dolphins, as well helping you identify the rich flora of the islands found in the famous coastal ‘machairs’ or flower meadows. With charming accommodation and delicious food, this special trip provides a memorable insight into these wild and beautiful islands. Highlights • Visit seven islands on a spectacular journey through the southern Outer Hebrides, indulging in the wild scenery and rich history of the islands • Journey to the abandoned island of Mingulay on a privately chartered boat, relishing its wild beauty and abundant wildlife while learning about the hardships of life there • Enjoy exceptional island hospitality at our carefully selected guest houses, set in magnificent coastal locations Book with confidence • We guarantee this trip will run as soon as 2 people have booked • Maximum of 8 places available per departure PLEASE NOTE – The itinerary may be subject to change at the discretion of the Wilderness Scotland Guide with regard to weather conditions and other factors. -
Isle of Barra - See Map on Page 8
Isle of South Uist - see map on Page 8 65 SOUTH UIST is a stunningly beautiful island of 68 crystal clear waters with white powder beaches to the west, and heather uplands dominated by Beinn Mhor to the east. The 20 miles of machair that runs alongside the sand dunes provides a marvellous habitat for the rare corncrake. Golden eagles, red grouse and red deer can be seen on the mountain slopes to the east. LOCHBOISDALE, once a major herring port, is the main settlement and ferry terminal on the island with a population of approximately Visit the HEBRIDEAN JEWELLERY shop and 300. A new marina has opened, and is located at the end of the breakwater with workshop at Iochdar, selling a wide variety of facilities for visiting yachts. Also newly opened Visitor jewellery, giftware and books of quality and Information Offi ce in the village. The island is one of good value for money. This quality hand crafted the last surviving strongholds of the Gaelic language jewellery is manufactured on South Uist in the in Scotland and the crofting industries of peat cutting Outer Hebrides. and seaweed gathering are still an important part of The shop in South Uist has a coffee shop close by everyday life. The Kildonan Museum has artefacts the beach, where light snacks are served. If you from this period. ASKERNISH GOLF COURSE is the are unable to visit our shop, please visit us on our oldest golf course in the Western Isles and is a unique online store. Tel: 01870 610288. HS8 5QX. -
Chapter 3-1 Sexuality: Sexual Strategies Janice M
Glime, J. M. and Bisang, I. 2017. Sexuality: Sexual Strategies. Chapt. 3-1. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. 3-1-1 Physiological Ecology. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 2 April 2017 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. CHAPTER 3-1 SEXUALITY: SEXUAL STRATEGIES JANICE M. GLIME AND IRENE BISANG TABLE OF CONTENTS Expression of Sex............................................................................................................................................... 3-1-2 Unisexual and Bisexual Taxa............................................................................................................................. 3-1-2 Sex Chromosomes....................................................................................................................................... 3-1-6 An unusual Y Chromosome........................................................................................................................ 3-1-7 Gametangial Arrangement.......................................................................................................................... 3-1-8 Origin of Bisexuality in Bryophytes ................................................................................................................ 3-1-11 Monoicy as a Derived/Advanced Character.............................................................................................. 3-1-11 Anthocerotophyta and Multiple Reversals............................................................................................... -
Sea 7 : Economic and Social Baseline Study
SEA 7 : ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BASELINE STUDY A REPORT for the DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY by MACKAY CONSULTANTS SEA 7 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BASELINE STUDY A REPORT for the DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY by MACKAY CONSULTANTS November 2006 CONTENTS Introduction Section 1 : Introduction Area profiles 2 : Western Isles 3 : West Coast of Highland 4 : Part of Argyll and Bute 5 : Northern Ireland Key economic activities 6 : Offshore oil and gas 7 : Offshore wind farms 8 : Ports, ferries and other shipping services 9 : Fishing 10 : Aquaculture 11 : Tourism 12 : Other marine-related activities Mackay Consultants Albyn House Union Street Inverness, IV1 1QA Tel: 01463 223200 Email: [email protected] “This document was produced as part of the UK Department of Trade and Industry’s offshore energy Strategic Environment Assessment programme. The SEA programme is funded and managed by the DTI and coordinated on their behalf by Geotek Ltd and Hartley Anderson Ltd.” Crown Copyright, all rights reserved SEA 7 : Economic and Social Baseline Study 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) is conducting a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of licensing parts of the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) for oil and gas exploration and production. This SEA 7 study is the seventh in a series planned by the DTI which will, in stages, cover the whole of the UK. 1.2 The SEA 7 area is shown on the map on the following page. It is a very large area extending from the west coast of Scotland and the Western isles far out into the Atlantic. -
34 MYRIAPODS on the OUTER HEBRIDES Gordon B Corbet Little
BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MYRIAPOD AND ISOPOD GROUP Volume 20 2004 MYRIAPODS ON THE OUTER HEBRIDES Gordon B Corbet Little Dumbarnie, Upper Largo, Leven, Fife, KY8 6JG. INTRODUCTION Published records of myriapods from the Outer Hebrides are scanty and are summarised in three sources. Waterston (1981) recorded 15 species, with a list of islands from which each had been recorded. This incorporated records from Barra in 1935 reported by Waterston (1936). The provisional atlases (British Myriapod Group, 1988 for millipedes, Barber & Keay, 1988 for centipedes) recorded seven species, adding two to the total, but did not claim to be comprehensive with regard to earlier published records. In addition there are unpublished records of millipedes rising from a survey of invertebrates conducted in 1976 by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE, 1979). This included pitfall-trapping at 18 sites on Lewis/Harris, North Uist, Benbecula and South Uist, but produced only Cylindroiulus latestriatus (at every site), plus a single Polydesmus inconstans on North Uist. I visited the Outer Hebrides from 3rd to 13th June 2003 and recorded myriapods on the following islands: Lewis/Harris, Great Bernera (bridged), Scalpay (bridged), South Uist, Eriskay (bridged), Barra and Vatersay (bridged). Recording was solely by hand searching in leaf-litter and under stones, wood and refuse. The general impression was that myriapods were scarce, with a large proportion of turned stones revealing nothing. In contrast earwigs, Forficula auricularia were unusually abundant. MILLIPEDES Waterston (1981) recorded six species, including one, Cylindroiulus britannicus, from St Kilda only. The provisional atlas recorded four species post-1970 adding Ophyiulus pilosus. -
Isle of Barra - See Map on Page 8
Isle of South Uist - see map on Page 8 63 ORASAY INN is set in an area of 66 SOUTH UIST is a stunningly beautiful island of outstanding natural beauty at the north crystal clear waters with white powder beaches end of the Isle of South Uist. Owned and to the west, and heather uplands dominated by managed by Isobel and Alan Graham, Beinn Mhor to the east. The 20 miles of machair this small, intimate hotel and restaurant that runs alongside the sand dunes provides a serves some of the fi nest food in the marvellous habitat for the rare corncrake. Golden Hebrides. Orasay Inn is the ideal location eagles, red grouse and red deer can be seen on for a special Hebridean holiday. Whatever the mountain slopes to the east. LOCHBOISDALE, once a major herring port, is the type of activity you prefer, we provide a main settlement and ferry terminal on the island with a population of approximately warm, friendly and relaxed atmosphere, with the best of fresh, local cuisine, as 300. Recently, a brand new marina has opened, with a good walk from the village an end to the perfect day. A superb selection of fi sh and seafood comes fresh to the marina and facilities at the end of the from boat to hotel kitchen, supplied by local fi shermen. Much of our beef is from breakwater. The island is one of the last surviving our own fold of Highland Cattle, raised on our croft. strongholds of the Gaelic language in Scotland Discerning, reliable producers and suppliers, who and the crofting industries of peat cutting and are aware of the quality we require, provide locally seaweed gathering are still an important part of reared Hebridean lamb, pork, game, poultry and everyday life. -
Correspondence Between Lady Gordon Cathcart
ISLAND OF VATER8AY. liETl'EN to an Orderof tlie HonoumUe The House of Commons, dnted 16 March 1908 ;—for, RETURN “ of tlie Correspondence between Lady Goiliion Oathcart and the Secretary for Scotland and the Lord Advocate, with reference to the Seizure and Occupation of the Island of Vatersay by Squatters • and with regard to proposed future arrangements in that Island.” Scottish Office, i REGINALD MACLEOD. March, 1908. j (Mr. Sinclair). Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be Printed, 16 March 1908. LONDON: PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY EYKE AND SPOTTISWOODE, PRINTERS TO THE KING’S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTT. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from WYMAN and SONS, Ltd., Fetter Lane, E.C., and 32, Abingdon Street, Westminster, S.W. ; or OLIVER and BOYD, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh ; or E. PONSONBY, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. 91. [Price 4d] J Printed image digitised by the University of Southampton Library Digitisation Unit Printed image digitised by the University of Southampton Library Digitisation Unit ISLAND OF VATERSAY. 3 of the RETURN Correspondence between Lady Gordon Oathoart and the Secretary for Scotland and the Lord Advocate, with reference to the Seizure and Occupation of the Island of Vatersay by Squatters ; and with regard to proposed future arrangements in that Island. Correspondence between the Secretary for Scotland and Lady Gordon Cathoart in 1906 and 1907, regarding tiie Situation in the Island of Vatersay. Barra.—Vatersay. Dear Sir, 27th June 1906. It will be within your recollection that in the early part of the present year difficulties arose with some cottars in Castle bay and elsewhere in Barra, who maintained that they had been promised potato ground in Vatersay by the local representative of the Congested Districts Board, and who threatened to take violent possession of land if the alleged promise was not given effect to.