DOCSLIB.ORG

48444-004: Sustainable Highlands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
48444-004: Sustainable Highlands Initial Environmental Examination (Updated as of August 2019) Project Number: 48444-004 Date: August 2019 Document status: Updated Version PNG: Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program – Tranche 1 Prepared by the Department of Works (DOW) for the Asian Development Bank This Initial Environmental Examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or Staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 31 July 2019) Currency Unit – Kina (K) K1.00 = $ 0.2945 $1.00 = K3.3956 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AEP – Aggregate Extraction Plan AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOQ – Bill of Quantities CEMP - Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan CEPA – Conservation and Environmental Protection Authority CEPA-MD – CEPA-Managing Director CRVA _ Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment CSC - Construction Supervision Consultant DLPP - Department of Lands and Physical Planning DMR – Department of Mineral Resources DNPM - Department of National Planning and Monitoring DOW – Department of Works EARF – Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EHSG _ Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines EHSO _ Environment, Health and Safety Officer EIS – Environmental Impact Statement EMP – Environmental Management Plan EP – Environmental Permit EPAR – Environmental (Prescribed Activities) Regulations ESSB - Environmental and Social Safeguards Branch ESO – Environmental and Safety Officer ENSO - El Niño Southern Oscillation GCMs - Global Circulation Models GOPNG _ Government of Papua New Guinea GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism GFP – grievance focal points HCRN – Highlands Core Road Network HH - Highlands Highway HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus HRMG – Highlands Road Management Group HRRIIP – Highlands Region Road Infrastructure Investment Program IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IES – International Environmental Specialist LARP – Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan MFF – Multi-tranche Financing Facility MPFF _ Multi-partner Financing Facility NDOH – National Department of Health NGO – Non-governmental Organization i NRA – National Road Authority PACCSAP - Pacific - Australia Climate Change Science and Adaptation Planning PCP – Public Communications Policy PCR – Physical Cultural Resources PFR – Periodic Financing Request PMO – Program Management Office PNG – Papua New Guinea PPE __ Personnel Protection Equipment QMP – Quarry Management Plan QPR – Quarterly Progress Report LARF – Land Acquisition and Resettlement Framework SHHIP _ Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program SPS – Safeguards Policy Statement STI – Sexually Transmitted Infection SR – Safeguard Requirement ROW - Right-of-Way TSS - Total Suspended Solids UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization VEC - Valuable Environmental Components WHO - World Health Organisation WMA _ Wildlife Management Area NOTE (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Papua New Guinea and its agencies ends on 31 December. “FY” before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY2011 ends on 31 December 2011. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. ii Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 1 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 6 A. SHHIP Background .................................................................................................................... 6 B. Need for the Program ................................................................................................................ 7 II. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMWORK ..................................................................................... 10 A. Papua New Guinea Environmental Laws ............................................................................. 10 B. Asian Development Bank Safeguard Requirements .......................................................... 11 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECTS UNDER SHHIP-TRANCHE 1 ............................... 13 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................ 22 A. Physical Environment .............................................................................................................. 22 B. Environmental Quality ............................................................................................................. 29 C. Biological Environment ........................................................................................................... 37 D. Socio-Economic Environment ................................................................................................ 44 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................ 48 A. Design and Pre-Construction Phase..................................................................................... 48 B. Construction Phase ................................................................................................................. 52 C. Operation Phase ...................................................................................................................... 72 D. Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................................................. 75 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................................... 80 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION.................. 82 A. Results of Consultations ......................................................................................................... 82 B.Ongoing Consultation and Disclosure ................................................................................... 84 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................................... 87 A. Institutional Arrangements and Responsibilities ................................................................. 87 B. Monitoring and Reporting ....................................................................................................... 92 C. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Monitoring Matrix ..................................... 95 D. Environmental quality Monitoring ........................................................................................ 119 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ....................................................................... 120 List of Tables Table 1: SHHIP Program – Implementation Strategy by Tranches ............................................. 8 Table 2: The Volume of Materials to Be Used by the Project .....................................................18 Table 3: Construction Materials ................................................................................................18 Table 4: Equipment Required for the Project .............................................................................19 Table 5: Campsites Establishment ............................................................................................19 Table 6: Quarry Areas ...............................................................................................................20 Table 7: Sensitive Areas Along the SHHIP - Tranche 1 Corridor ...............................................20 iii Table 8: Landform Characteristics of Critical Sections ..............................................................22 Table 9: Geology at Critical Sections ........................................................................................23 Table 10: Average Monthly and Annual Rainfall for Highlands Highway 1998 - 2000 ................26 Table 11: Climate Change Projections .....................................................................................28 Table 12: Air and Noise Monitoring Locations ...........................................................................30 Table 13: Noise monitoring results ............................................................................................31 Table 14: Air monitoring results .................................................................................................32 Table 15: Surface Water Monitoring Locations ..........................................................................32 Table 16: Results of Surface Water Monitoring .........................................................................34 Table 17: Ground Water Monitoring Locations ..........................................................................34 Table 18: Results of Ground Water Monitoring..........................................................................35 Table 19: Summary of Soil Types at Critical Sections ..............................................................36 Table 20: Summary of Sites and Habitat Types ........................................................................38
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PNG: Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2) Volume 2: Goroka to Kagamuga Section
    Resettlement Plan Project Number: 48444-005 Document Stage: Draft January 2020 PNG: Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program (Tranche 2) Volume 2: Goroka to Kagamuga Section Prepared by the Department of Works (Government of Papua New Guinea) for the Asian Development Bank CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Kina = PNG Kina (K) (BPNG Mid-Rate, 30 Sep 2019) K1.00 = $02.940 $1.00 = K3.4013 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha = hectare km = kilometer km2 = square kilometer m = meter m2 = square meter mm = millimeter NOTES (i) In this report “$” refers to US dollars. (ii) This Resettlement Plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. (iii) In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS i GLOSSARY ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iv I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Tranche 2 Scope of Works 2 C. Section 2 Scope and Impacts 4 D. Alternative Analysis 6 II. SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT. 6 III. SOCIOECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE 10 A. Demographic Information 10 B. Impacts of Land and Assets Acquisition of Affected Persons 11 C. Project Impacts on Poor, Different Ethnic Groups, and Other Vulnerable Groups 12 D. Gender and Resettlement Impacts 12 E. Geography 13 F. Population 15 G.
    [Show full text]
  • Experiences, Challenges and Lessons Learnt in Papua New Guinea
    Practice BMJ Glob Health: first published as 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003747 on 3 December 2020. Downloaded from Mortality surveillance and verbal autopsy strategies: experiences, challenges and lessons learnt in Papua New Guinea 1 1 2 3 4 John D Hart , Viola Kwa, Paison Dakulala, Paulus Ripa, Dale Frank, 5 6 7 1 Theresa Lei, Ninkama Moiya, William Lagani, Tim Adair , Deirdre McLaughlin,1 Ian D Riley,1 Alan D Lopez1 To cite: Hart JD, Kwa V, ABSTRACT Summary box Dakulala P, et al. Mortality Full notification of deaths and compilation of good quality surveillance and verbal cause of death data are core, sequential and essential ► Mortality surveillance as part of government pro- autopsy strategies: components of a functional civil registration and vital experiences, challenges and grammes has been successfully introduced in three statistics (CRVS) system. In collaboration with the lessons learnt in Papua New provinces in Papua New Guinea: (Milne Bay, West Government of Papua New Guinea (PNG), trial mortality Guinea. BMJ Global Health New Britain and Western Highlands). surveillance activities were established at sites in Alotau 2020;5:e003747. doi:10.1136/ ► Successful notification and verbal autopsy (VA) District in Milne Bay Province, Tambul- Nebilyer District in bmjgh-2020-003747 strategies require planning at the local level and Western Highlands Province and Talasea District in West selection of appropriate notification agents and VA New Britain Province. Handling editor Soumitra S interviewers, in particular that they have positions of Provincial Health Authorities trialled strategies to improve Bhuyan trust in the community. completeness of death notification and implement an Additional material is ► It is essential that notification and VA data collec- ► automated verbal autopsy methodology, including use of published online only.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Aviation Development Investment Program (Tranche 3)
    Resettlement Due Diligence Reports Project Number: 43141-044 June 2016 PNG: Multitranche Financing Facility - Civil Aviation Development Investment Program (Tranche 3) Prepared by National Airports Corporation for the Asian Development Bank. This resettlement due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Table of Contents B. Resettlement Due Diligence Report 1. Madang Airport Due Diligence Report 2. Mendi Airport Due Diligence Report 3. Momote Airport Due Diligence Report 4. Mt. Hagen Due Diligence Report 5. Vanimo Airport Due Diligence Report 6. Wewak Airport Due Diligence Report 4. Madang Airport Due Diligence Report. I. OUTLINE FOR MADANG AIRPORT DUE DILIGENCE REPORT 1. The is a Due Diligent Report (DDR) that reviews the Pavement Strengthening Upgrading, & Associated Works proposed for the Madang Airport in Madang Province (MP). It presents social safeguard aspects/social impacts assessment of the proposed works and mitigation measures. II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2. Madang Airport is situated at 5° 12 30 S, 145° 47 0 E in Madang and is about 5km from Madang Town, Provincial Headquarters of Madang Province where banks, post office, business houses, hotels and guest houses are located.
    [Show full text]
  • Papua New Guinea
    PAPUA NEW GUINEA EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS OPERATIONAL LOGISTICS CONTINGENCY PLAN PART 2 –EXISTING RESPONSE CAPACITY & OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICS SITUATION GLOBAL LOGISTICS CLUSTER – WFP FEBRUARY – MARCH 2011 1 | P a g e A. Summary A. SUMMARY 2 B. EXISTING RESPONSE CAPACITIES 4 C. LOGISTICS ACTORS 6 A. THE LOGISTICS COORDINATION GROUP 6 B. PAPUA NEW GUINEAN ACTORS 6 AT NATIONAL LEVEL 6 AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL 9 C. INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION BODIES 10 DMT 10 THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL 10 D. OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE, SERVICES & STOCKS 11 A. LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURES OF PNG 11 PORTS 11 AIRPORTS 14 ROADS 15 WATERWAYS 17 STORAGE 18 MILLING CAPACITIES 19 B. LOGISTICS SERVICES OF PNG 20 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 20 FUEL SUPPLY 20 TRANSPORTERS 21 HEAVY HANDLING AND POWER EQUIPMENT 21 POWER SUPPLY 21 TELECOMS 22 LOCAL SUPPLIES MARKETS 22 C. CUSTOMS CLEARANCE 23 IMPORT CLEARANCE PROCEDURES 23 TAX EXEMPTION PROCESS 24 THE IMPORTING PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIONS 25 D. REGULATORY DEPARTMENTS 26 CASA 26 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 26 NATIONAL INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY AUTHORITY (NICTA) 27 2 | P a g e MARITIME AUTHORITIES 28 1. NATIONAL MARITIME SAFETY AUTHORITY 28 2. TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS DEPENDING FROM THE NATIONAL PORT CORPORATION LTD 30 E. PNG GLOBAL LOGISTICS CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS 34 A. CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS PROPOSED 34 MAJOR PROBLEMS/BOTTLENECKS IDENTIFIED: 34 SOLUTIONS PROPOSED 34 B. EXISTING OPERATIONAL CORRIDORS IN PNG 35 MAIN ENTRY POINTS: 35 SECONDARY ENTRY POINTS: 35 EXISTING CORRIDORS: 36 LOGISTICS HUBS: 39 C. STORAGE: 41 CURRENT SITUATION: 41 PROPOSED LONG TERM SOLUTION 41 DURING EMERGENCIES 41 D. DELIVERIES: 41 3 | P a g e B. Existing response capacities Here under is an updated list of the main response capacities currently present in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • E. Mei-Li Roberts Phd Thesis
    Translating Identities: ‘Being a missionary’ in Papua New Guinea Submitted by: E. Mei-Li Roberts For the degree of: PhD (Social Anthropology) Date of submission: March 13, 2006 Abstract Many studies of missionaries have taken an historical perspective, looking particularly at missionaries’ role in colonialism. However, missionaries are still very much part of contemporary Papua New Guinea (PNG), with a significant number of expatriate missionary groups working in PNG. This thesis is a study of a present day mission in PNG, SIL International, formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL). It examines the way in which the mission community is constructed and the boundaries and divisions within the community itself. It attempts to challenge some of the stereotypes of missionaries and show that there are different views of what it is to ‘be a missionary’ even within the missionary community itself. I focus particularly on what it means to ‘be a missionary’ and the ambiguities and ambivalences between the ideals and realities of mission work. The focus of the study was on SIL members themselves and their identities as missionaries rather than the effect of their missionising on others. This is examined through a number of different themes. Debates about the fence surrounding the mission station highlighted the way in which it created both a physical and a symbolic boundary between those living inside the fence and the people living outside of it. Related to this were debates regarding the mission station, Ukarumpa and how SIL members should ‘communicate the gospel’. SIL’s main goal is Bible translation and the thesis explores the challenges and problems of translation, both the practical aspects of Bible translation and translating between cultures.
    [Show full text]
  • Health&Medicalinfoupdate8/10/2017 Page 1 HEALTH and MEDICAL
    HEALTH AND MEDICAL INFORMATION The American Embassy assumes no responsibility for the professional ability or integrity of the persons, centers, or hospitals appearing on this list. The names of doctors are listed in alphabetical, specialty and regional order. The order in which this information appears has no other significance. Routine care is generally available from general practitioners or family practice professionals. Care from specialists is by referral only, which means you first visit the general practitioner before seeing the specialist. Most specialists have private offices (called “surgeries” or “clinic”), as well as consulting and treatment rooms located in Medical Centers attached to the main teaching hospitals. Residential areas are served by a large number of general practitioners who can take care of most general illnesses The U.S Government assumes no responsibility for payment of medical expenses for private individuals. The Social Security Medicare Program does not provide coverage for hospital or medical outside the U.S.A. For further information please see our information sheet entitled “Medical Information for American Traveling Abroad.” IMPORTANT EMERGENCY NUMBERS AMBULANCE/EMERGENCY SERVICES (National Capital District only) Police: 112 / (675) 324-4200 Fire: 110 St John Ambulance: 111 Life-line: 326-0011 / 326-1680 Mental Health Services: 301-3694 HIV/AIDS info: 323-6161 MEDEVAC Niugini Air Rescue Tel (675) 323-2033 Fax (675) 323-5244 Airport (675) 323-4700; A/H Mobile (675) 683-0305 Toll free: 0561293722468 - 24hrs Medevac Pacific Services: Tel (675) 323-5626; 325-6633 Mobile (675) 683-8767 PNG Wide Toll free: 1801 911 / 76835227 – 24hrs Health&MedicalInfoupdate8/10/2017 Page 1 AMR Air Ambulance 8001 South InterPort Blvd Ste.
    [Show full text]
  • 16. Communication, Logistics and Inter-Agency Partnerships in the Eastern Highlands Provincial Electorate
    16. Communication, Logistics and Inter-Agency Partnerships in the Eastern Highlands Provincial Electorate Michael Unage With the introduction of limited preferential voting (LPV), and the late legislative change to voting procedures in November 2006, many predicted that the 2007 general election would be a failure. Nonetheless, there was general satisfaction with the election outcome, with election-related violence in the Highlands down significantly from 2002 levels. Among factors contributing to electoral success, communications, logistics and inter-agency partnership were critical. This paper examines issues of communications, logistics and inter- agency partnership in the Eastern Highlands provincial electorate. Background Eastern Highlands is one of the 19 provincial electorates in the country. It shares borders with Morobe, Madang, Simbu and Gulf provinces. Eastern Highlands has eight open electorates—Daulo, Goroka, Unggai-Bena, Lufa, Henganofi, Okapa, Kainantu and Obura-Wonenara (Figure 16.1). At the 2000 census, Eastern Highlands had a population of 432,972. In 2007 the total number of votes polled in the provincial electorate was 354,495. There are 24 local-level governments (LLGs) in the province: two urban LLGs (Goroka Urban and Kainantu Urban) and 22 rural LLGs. Population is concentrated in the flat lands around Kainantu and Goroka, reflecting the gravitation of people towards the urban areas. Goroka town was established in 1939 and became the major administrative and commercial centre of the province. The province has rich temperate valleys and ridges, which attracted the attention of early gold prospectors such as Mick Dwyer and Mick Leahy and now support a thriving arabica coffee industry. Coffee, ‘the money that grows on trees’, is the lifeblood of Eastern Highlands Province.
    [Show full text]
  • Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25Th to 30Th June 2019 (6 Days) Trip Report
    Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25th to 30th June 2019 (6 days) Trip Report Huon Astrapia by Holger Teichmann Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Adam Walleyn Rockjumper Birding Tours www.rockjumperbirding.com Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea Huon Extension I 2019 2 Tour in Detail Our group met up in Port Moresby for the late morning flight to Lae’s Nadzab airport. Upon arrival, we transferred to our comfortable hotel on the outskirts of Lae city. A walk around the expansive grounds turned up some 23 species to get our lists well underway, including Orange-bellied and Pink-spotted Fruit Dove (the latter of the distinct and range-restricted plumbeicollis race), Torresian Imperial Pigeon, Eclectus Parrot, and Yellow-faced Myna, not to mention perhaps 1,000 Spectacled Flying Foxes creating quite the sight and sound! Early the next morning we were back at Nadzab airport, where a quick scan of the airfield produced some Horsfield’s Bush Larks and also excellent looks at a male Papuan Harrier that did a close flyby being bombarded by numerous Masked Lapwings! We were soon boarding our charter flight Pink-spotted Fruit Doves by Holger Teichmann over the rugged Huon mountains, although we quickly entered dense clouds and could see nothing of these impressive mountains. After some half an hour of flying through thick cloud on the plane’s GPS track, we suddenly descended and made an uphill landing at Kabwum airstrip! Our land cruiser was there, waiting for us, and after loading bags and ourselves onboard we made the bumpy drive up many switchbacks to reach the high ridge above Kabwum.
    [Show full text]
  • Consultation Document
    Leaving behind a better future Porgera Joint Venture Porgera Mine Closure Consultation Document December 2002 Leaving behind a better future Porgera Mine Closure Consultation Document December 2002 CR 257_44_v3 NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Porgera Joint Venture Unisearch Limited 124 Camberwell Road P.O. Box 484 UNSW, Rupert Myers Building Hawthorn East, Victoria 3123 Mt Hagen Gate 14, Barker Street Australia Papua New Guinea Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia Tel: 61 3 9882 3555 Tel: 675 547 8200 Tel: 61 2 9385 5555 Fax: 61 3 9882 3533 Fax: 675 547 9579 Fax: 61 2 9385 6524 Published by © Porgera Joint Venture 2002 Acknowledgements: Chapter 1 Porgera Joint Venture NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Chapter 2 Porgera Joint Venture NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Chapter 3 Porgera Joint Venture Unisearch Limited Dr. Glenn Banks, with Richard Jackson, Susanne Bonnell, Gary Simpson Contents Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Proposed Process for Closure Planning and Sustainability 2 1.3 Partnerships for Sustainability 3 1.4 Stakeholders in Closure Planning and Sustainability 3 1.5 PJV’s Vision and Objectives for Mine Closure 3 1.6 Corporate Requirements 5 1.7 Regulatory Requirements and Agreements 5 1.8 Impact of Premature Closure 5 1.9 Structure of this Document 5 2. Biophysical Considerations 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Biophysical Setting 7 2.3 Biophysical Closure Issues 10 2.3.1 Public Safety and Human Health 10 2.3.2 Environmental Impacts 11 2.3.3 End Land Use and Lease Relinquishment 14 2.3.4 Small-scale Mining 17 2.4 Biophysical Components 19 2.4.1 Underground Mine and Open Pit Mine 19 2.4.2 Low-grade Ore Stockpiles 21 2.4.3 Waste Rock Dumps 22 2.4.4 Minesite Infrastructure 25 2.4.5 Satellite Infrastructure 27 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and Politics in Presence: Case of Papua New Guinea A
    Women and Politics in Presence: Case of Papua New Guinea A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Mary Fairio August 2014 © 2014 Mary Fairio. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled Women and Politics in Presence: Case of Papua New Guinea by MARY FAIRIO has been approved for the Department of Political Science and the College of Arts and Sciences by Julie White Associate Professor of Political Science Robert Frank Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 Abstract FAIRIO MARY, M.A., August 2014, Political Science Women and Politics in Presence: Case of Papua New Guinea Director ofThesis: Julie White One area that presents challenge for democracy is women representation, an important dimension for gender equality. However, there are major variations among countries. Papua New Guinea is one of the countries with the lowest number of female representatives in parliament. Two questions are asked in regard to the representation of women. First, why is it difficult for women to be elected in Papua New Guinea? And second, how do we explain where women were able to challenge others to be elected? Formal institution such as the electoral system is just one way to discuss gender equality. There are other areas of gender inequality that interact with the formal system relating to social, cultural, and economic factors. An analysis of these factors shows that even improving formal institutions to increase the number of women in political participation, gender inequality is still a challenge within and outside the legislative office.
    [Show full text]
  • Goroka Market
    NOT FOR PUBLICATION INSTITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD AFFAIRS EPW-8 P. O. Box 628, Goroka :rket Port Moresby, Papua, Territory of Papua & New Guinea OCtober 6, 967 Mr. Richard H. Nolte, Executive Director, Institute of Current World Affairs, 366 Madison Avenue, New York I007, New York, United States of America Dear Mr. Nolte, Goroka lies on the main Highlands Highway roughly midway between Mount Hagen and Lae. It is the end of the road for many of the hundreds of trucks that travel each week between the Highlands and the coast, for beyond Goroka the road is oftem closed because of landslips, and it is marginal whether it is cheaper to transport goods by road, or by air to and from Madang. Beyond Goroka one's chances of a backload to the coast grow dimmer as one progresses inland, for even in the Highlands, presently the area with the highest economic potential in the Territory, more goods are still transported in than are eported to other centres. As was until recently the case in Mount Hagen, and is still quite glaringly so in _anantu, Goroka is effectively cut in two by its airstrip. Aeroplanes were landing egularly in the Highlands up to 20 years before the first trucks came up the Eassam Pass in the early 950s. Throughout most of the week Goroka has a rather quiet air. Indeed, unless one is part of the various indi.enous, public service, academic, coercial or planting components of the local scene, it can be a very boring town. Coming from the coast, the Highlands Highway enters the commercial part of town, where the hotel, rotel and guesthouse, and the few main general stores are located.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No. 8
    AUSTRALIAN AGENCY for INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Working Paper No. 8 EASTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCE TEXT SUMMARIES, MAPS, CODE LISTS AND VILLAGE IDENTIFICATION R.M. Bourke, B.J. Allen, RL. Hide, D. Fritsch, R. Grau, P. Hobsbawn, E. Lowes and D. Stannard REVISED and REPRINTED 2002 THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PAPUA NEW GUINEA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK UNIVERSITY OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Working Paper No. 8 EASTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCE TEXT SUMMARIES, MAPS, CODE LISTS AND VILLAGE IDENTIFICATION R.M. Bourke, B.J. Allen, R.L. Hide, D. Fritsch, R. Grau, P. Hobsbawn, E. Lowes and D. Stannard Department of Human Geography, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia REVISED and REPRINTED 2002 Correct Citation: Bourke, R.M., Allen, B.J., Hide, R.L., Fritsch, D., Grau, R., Hobsbawn, P., Lowes, E. and Stannard, D. (2002). Eastern Highlands Province: Text Summaries, Maps, Code Lists and Village Identification. Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No. 8. Land Management Group, Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra. Revised edition. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry: Eastern Highlands Province: text summaries, maps, code lists and village identification. Rev. ed. ISBN 0 9579381 8 7 1. Agricultural systems – Papua New Guinea – Eastern Highlands Province. 2. Agricultural geography – Papua New Guinea – Eastern Highlands Province. 3. Agricultural mapping – Papua New Guinea – Eastern Highlands Province. I. Bourke, R.M. (Richard Michael). II. Australian National University. Land Management Group. (Series: Agricultural systems of Papua New Guinea working paper; no.
    [Show full text]