DR EMILY DOLAN [email protected]
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Bioluminescence and Fluorescence of Three Sea Pens in the North-West
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.08.416396; this version posted December 9, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Bioluminescence and fluorescence of three sea pens in the north-west Mediterranean sea Warren R Francis* 1, Ana¨ısSire de Vilar 1 1: Dept of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Bioluminescence of Mediterranean sea pens has been known for a long time, but basic parameters such as the emission spectra are unknown. Here we examined bioluminescence in three species of Pennatulacea, Pennatula rubra, Pteroeides griseum, and Veretillum cynomorium. Following dark adaptation, all three species could easily be stimulated to produce green light. All species were also fluorescent, with bioluminescence being produced at the same sites as the fluorescence. The shape of the fluorescence spectra indicates the presence of a GFP closely associated with light production, as seen in Renilla. Our videos show that light proceeds as waves along the colony from the point of stimulation for all three species, as observed in many other octocorals. Features of their bioluminescence are strongly suggestive of a \burglar alarm" function. Introduction Bioluminescence is the production of light by living organisms, and is extremely common in the marine environment [Haddock et al., 2010, Martini et al., 2019]. Within the phylum Cnidaria, biolumiescence is widely observed among the Medusazoa (true jellyfish and kin), but also among the Octocorallia, and especially the Pennatulacea (sea pens). -
Advances on the Phylogenetic Placement of the Enigmatic Octocoral Dendrobrachia Brook
1 Advances on the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic octocoral Dendrobrachia Brook 2 1889 3 4 Didier AURELLE1,2,3*, Eric PANTE4, Jean-Baptiste LEDOUX5,6, Stéphane SARTORETTO7 5 6 7 1 Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France 8 Mail : [email protected] 9 2 Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France 10 3 Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire 11 naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France 12 4 LIENSs Laboratory, UMR 7266 CNRS- La Rochelle Université, 2 rue Olympe de 13 Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France 14 Mail : [email protected] 15 5 CIIMAR/CIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, 16 Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-123, Portugal 17 Mail: [email protected] 18 6 Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 19 Barcelona, Spain 20 7 IFREMER, Zone Portuaire de Brégaillon CS 20330, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex, 21 France 22 Mail: [email protected] 23 24 * corresponding authors: [email protected] / [email protected] 25 26 Tel: +33 4 86 09 06 22 1 27 28 29 30 Abstract 31 32 The monogeneric family Dendrobrachiidae has been a taxonomic curiosity since its 33 original description in 1889. Using one nuclear (18S) and two mitochondrial (mtMutS and 34 cox1) genes, the phylogenetic placement of Dendrobrachiidae within the Octocorallia was 35 investigated based on recently-collected specimens and museum collections. In particular, 36 the relationship between Dendrobrachia and its suspected close allies from the 37 Chrysogorgiidae and Ifalukellidae was examined. -
CNIDARIA Corals, Medusae, Hydroids, Myxozoans
FOUR Phylum CNIDARIA corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans STEPHEN D. CAIRNS, LISA-ANN GERSHWIN, FRED J. BROOK, PHILIP PUGH, ELLIOT W. Dawson, OscaR OcaÑA V., WILLEM VERvooRT, GARY WILLIAMS, JEANETTE E. Watson, DENNIS M. OPREsko, PETER SCHUCHERT, P. MICHAEL HINE, DENNIS P. GORDON, HAMISH J. CAMPBELL, ANTHONY J. WRIGHT, JUAN A. SÁNCHEZ, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN his ancient phylum of mostly marine organisms is best known for its contribution to geomorphological features, forming thousands of square Tkilometres of coral reefs in warm tropical waters. Their fossil remains contribute to some limestones. Cnidarians are also significant components of the plankton, where large medusae – popularly called jellyfish – and colonial forms like Portuguese man-of-war and stringy siphonophores prey on other organisms including small fish. Some of these species are justly feared by humans for their stings, which in some cases can be fatal. Certainly, most New Zealanders will have encountered cnidarians when rambling along beaches and fossicking in rock pools where sea anemones and diminutive bushy hydroids abound. In New Zealand’s fiords and in deeper water on seamounts, black corals and branching gorgonians can form veritable trees five metres high or more. In contrast, inland inhabitants of continental landmasses who have never, or rarely, seen an ocean or visited a seashore can hardly be impressed with the Cnidaria as a phylum – freshwater cnidarians are relatively few, restricted to tiny hydras, the branching hydroid Cordylophora, and rare medusae. Worldwide, there are about 10,000 described species, with perhaps half as many again undescribed. All cnidarians have nettle cells known as nematocysts (or cnidae – from the Greek, knide, a nettle), extraordinarily complex structures that are effectively invaginated coiled tubes within a cell. -
Phylogenetics, Systematics and Biogeography of Deep-Sea Pennatulacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) Evidence from Molecules and Morphology
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS School of Ocean and Earth Science Phylogenetics, Systematics and Biogeography of Deep-Sea Pennatulacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) Evidence from molecules and morphology Submitted by Emily Dolan Thesis of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2008 Graduate School of the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton This PhD dissertation by Emily Dolan has been produced under the supervision of the following persons Supervisors Prof. Paul Tyler and Dr Alex Rogers Chair of Advisory Panel Dr Martin Sheader Member of Advisory Panel Dr David Billett I hereby declare that no part of this thesis has been submitted for a degree to the University of Southampton, or any other University, at any time previously. The material included is the work of the author, except where expressly stated. -
Onetouch 4.0 Sanned Documents
• 1- \ BuJletin of Zoological Nomenciature 54(1) March 1997 Case 2999 Umbellula Cuvier, [17971 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa): proposed conservation as the correct original spelling, and corrections to the entries relating to Umbelluiaria Lamarck. 1801 on the Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology Frederick M. Bayer Depariment of ¡nvertebraie Zoology, National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. 20560. U.S.A. Manfred Grasshoff Forschungsinstitut und Museum Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main. Germany Abstract. Cuvier [1797] published the generic name Omhelluia for a species of Arctic deep-sea pennatuiacean (sea pen) which had been named Isis encrinus by Linnaeus (1758). In 1800 Cuvier spelled the name as Umbellula, and this generic name for U. encrinus and other species has been widely and universally used for more than 120 years. A recent work has used the spelling Ombelluta for the first time since 1797, and the conservation of Umbellula is proposed. Umbelluiaria Lamarck. 1801, a junior objective synonym of Umbellula, was in usage dunng the eadier part of the 19th-century: the entries on the Official Lists and Indexes of Generic and Family-Group Names relating to this name are erroneous and corrections are proposed. Keywords. Nomenclature; taxonomy: Anthozoa; Pennatuiacea; sea pens; Ombellula: Umbellula; Umbelluiaria; Umbellula encrinus. 1. John Ellis (1753, ¡755) described and illustrated one of two specimens of a giant deep-sea pennatuiacean collected at latitude 79'N. near Greenland (perhaps really Spitzbergen: Lindahl. 1874, pp. 3, 14) by Captain Adrians of the whaling ship Britannia (for the history of these and other specimens see Gray, 1870, Lindahl, 1874 and Danielssen & Keren, 1884), Ellis named the species as 'Hydra marina árctica' or 'Clustered Sea-Polype'. -
Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
SCIENTIA MARINA 83(3) September 2019, 261-276, Barcelona (Spain) ISSN-L: 0214-8358 https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04845.26A Resurrection of the sea pen genus Ptilella Gray, 1870 and description of Ptilella grayi n. sp. from the NE Atlantic (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea) Francisco J. García-Cárdenas 1, Jim Drewery 2, Pablo J. López-González 1 1 Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain. (FJG-C) (corresponding author) E-mail: [email protected]. ORCID-iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-9552 (PJL-G) E-mail: [email protected]. ORCID-iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-6270 2 Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, AB11 9DB. (JD) E-mail: [email protected]. ORCID-iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-1798 Summary: The order Pennatulacea covers a group of specialized and morphologically distinct octocorals found in all oceans from intertidal areas to more than 6000 m in depth. Sea pens constitute an important structural component in marine soft- bottom communities by increasing the complexity of these environments. Despite being both morphologically distinctive and ecologically important, the taxonomy and systematics of sea pens is still poorly understood. Recent molecular studies have shown the existence of convergent morphological features, making the current familial distribution of genera unstable. The genus Pennatula Linnaeus, 1758 was one of the first described octocoral genera. It is the type genus of its family, Pennatuli- dae. Colonies of this genus have a characteristic morphology. Recent sampling efforts in the northeastern Atlantic have pro- vided a number of colonies initially attributable to the genus Pennatula. -
Size Metrics, Longevity, and Growth Rates in Umbellula Encrinus (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) from the Eastern Canadian Arctic
Arctic Science Size metrics, longevity, and growth rates in Umbellula encrinus (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) from the Eastern Canadian Arctic Journal: Arctic Science Manuscript ID AS-2018-0009.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 19-Jun-2018 Complete List of Authors: Neves, Bárbara; Memorial University of Newfoundland Department of Biology Edinger, Evan;Draft Memorial University, Geography Wareham Hayes, Vonda; Fisheries and Oceans Canada Newfoundland and Labrador Region Devine, Brynn; Memorial University of Newfoundland Fisheries and Marine Institute Wheeland, Laura; Memorial University of Newfoundland Fisheries and Marine Institute Layne, Graham; Memorial University of Newfoundland, Earth Sciences Deep-water corals, Size distribution, Growth rings, Radiocarbon analysis, Keyword: Trace element analysis Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Not applicable (regular submission) Issue?: https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/asopen-pubs Page 1 of 63 Arctic Science 1 Size metrics, longevity, and growth rates in Umbellula encrinus (Cnidaria: 2 Pennatulacea) from the Eastern Canadian Arctic. 3 4 Bárbara de Moura Neves1*, Evan Edinger1,2,5, Vonda Wareham Hayes3, Brynn Devine1,4, 5 Laura Wheeland4, Graham Layne5. 6 1Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland. A1B 3X9, St. John’s, NL 7 Canada. 8 2Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland. A1B 3X9, St. John’s, 9 NL Canada. 10 3Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center,Draft Fisheries and Oceans Canada. A1C 5X1, St. John’s, 11 Canada. 12 4Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland. A1C 5R3, St. John’s, NL 13 Canada. 14 5Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland. A1B 3X9, St. 15 John’s, NL Canada. *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. -
Scs18-23 WG-ESA Report 2018
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization Serial No N6900 NAFO SCS Doc. 18/23 SC WORKING GROUP ON ECOSYSTEM SCIENCE AND ASSESSMENT – NOVEMBER 2018 Report of the 11th Meeting of the NAFO Scientific Council Working Group on Ecosystem Science and Assessment (WG-ESA) NAFO Headquarters, Dartmouth, Canada 13 - 22 November 2018 Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Theme 1: spatial considerations................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1. Update on VME indicator species data and distribution .............................................................................4 1.2 Progress on implementation of workplan for reassessment of VME fishery closures. .................9 1.3. Discussion on updating Kernel Density Analysis and SDM’s .....................................................................9 1.4. Update on the Research Activities related to EU-funded Horizon 2020 ATLAS Project ...............9 1.5. Non-sponge and non-coral VMEs (e.g. bryozoan and sea squirts). ..................................................... 14 1.6 Ecological diversity mapping and interactions with fishing on the Flemish Cap .......................... 14 1.7 Sponge removal by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: implications for ecosystem functioning ................................................................................................................................................................... -
A Checklist of Indian Sea Pen (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)
Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol. 47 (05), May 2018, pp. 1014-1017 A Checklist of Indian Sea pen (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) Prasad Chandra Tudu1*, Dipanjan Ray2 & Anil Mohapatra3 1Marine Aquarium and Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Digha, West Bengal - 721428, India. 2Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Bajkul, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal - 721655, India. 3Estuarine Biology Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Odisha – 761002, India. *[Email: [email protected]] Received 26 July 2016; revised 28 November 2016 A checklist of Indian sea pen is provided based on recent survey and literarture available at different source. A total of 53 species belonging to 15 genera and 10 families are found in Indian waters. The family Pennatulidae Ehrenberg, 1834 is the most species-taxon (17 species) whereas Anthoptilidae Kölliker, 1880, Scleroptilidae Jugersen, 1904, Halipteridae Williams, 1995, and Protoptilidae Kölliker, 1872 are lowest in species count (1 species each). Number of species is higher in the east coast (including Bay of Bengal and Andaman Islands) as compared to the west coast (including Arabian Sea and Lakshadweep Islands). Among the regions of east coast, Andaman and Nicobar Islands are very rich in sea pen diversity. [Keywords: Checklist, Pennatulacea, Sea pens]. Introduction deep-sea up to 6,600 ft or more, from tropics to Polar The sea pens, order Pennatulacea Verrill, 1865, are Regions. They are bioluminescent animals, when possibly the most morphologically distinctive group touched -
Novel Diversity in Mitochondrial Genomes of Deep-Sea Pennatulacea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia)
Mitochondrial DNA Part A DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis ISSN: 2470-1394 (Print) 2470-1408 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/imdn21 Novel diversity in mitochondrial genomes of deep-sea Pennatulacea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) Raissa I. Hogan, Kevin Hopkins, Andrew J. Wheeler, A. Louise Allcock & Chris Yesson To cite this article: Raissa I. Hogan, Kevin Hopkins, Andrew J. Wheeler, A. Louise Allcock & Chris Yesson (2019): Novel diversity in mitochondrial genomes of deep-sea Pennatulacea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia), Mitochondrial DNA Part A, DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2019.1634699 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2019.1634699 © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa View supplementary material UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 18 Jul 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 345 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=imdn21 MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART A https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2019.1634699 RESEARCH ARTICLE Novel diversity in mitochondrial genomes of deep-sea Pennatulacea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) Raissa I. Hogana , Kevin Hopkinsb, Andrew J. Wheelerc , A. Louise Allcocka and Chris Yessonb aDepartment of Zoology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; bInstitute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, UK; cSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental -
Pennatulacea Annotated Bibliography and Indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999 130701 Gary C
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Volume 51, No. 2, pp. 19-103, 1 fig., 14 plates. July 20, 1999 Index Pennatulacea Annotated Bibliography and Indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999 130701 Gary C. Williams Department o f Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy o f Sciences Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118 A reasonably comprehensive bibliography of the living and fossil pennatulacean Octo corallia is presented, with the goal of including all published accounts regarding the biology of the sea pens. This compilation of approximately 1000 citations represents 530 years of published research. Complete unabbreviated citations for periodicals are used throughout. Many of the citations are annotated with descriptive notes. Taxonomic, geographic, and field-of-study indexes to the literature are included, as well as a synopsis of historical periods in the study of the Pennatulacea. T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 21 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................ 22 Historical Account............................................................................................................................................ 23 Pre-Linnean Period (1469—1757)-. ........................................................................................................ -
Sensitive Ecosystem Assessment and ROV Exploration of Reef (Searover) Synthesis Report 2020
Sensitive Ecosystem Assessment and ROV Exploration of Reef (SeaRover) Synthesis Report 2020 MERC Consultants environmental and conservation services Dive 696 - 19-08-2019. Description: Rich geogenic reefs including mud, pebble field and boulders hosting various and abundant epifauna. -12.07757983, 51.54346883, -1255.5 m. 2 MERC Consultants: SeaRover Survey Synthesis 2021 Sensitive Ecosystem Assessment and ROV Exploration of Reef (SeaRover) Synthesis Report, January 2021 Authors Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow, Louise Scally & Nick Pfeiffer Commissioned by Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co Galway Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Fergal McGrath and David O’Sullivan (INFOMAR, Marine Institute) for support and advice over the course of this project and for the supply of data. Prof. Louise Allcock (NUI Galway) shared standard operating procedures and Dr Kerry Howell (University of Plymouth) advised on the analysis of data. This work was commissioned as part of extensive offshore reef survey of Ireland’s Northwest Continental margin delivered by the Marine Institute in partnership with the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS), funded by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF), and coordinated and led by INFOMAR (Integrated Mapping for Sustainable Development of Ireland’s Marine Resources). Citation: Picton, B.E., Morrow, C.C., Scally, L. & Pfeiffer, N., 2021. Sensitive Ecosystem Assessment and ROV Exploration of Reef (SeaRover), Synthesis Report. Report prepared by MERC Consultants Ltd. on behalf of the Marine Institute, Galway 161 pp. 3 Executive Summary A requirement exists to quantify the abundance and distribution of offshore biogenic and geogenic reef habitats in Irish waters to fulfil Ireland’s legal mandate and to generate baseline data from which appropriate monitoring systems can be established.