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Joint Submission of the Chinese Community Council of Australia Inc
Chinese community council Multicultural communities National Sikh council of National Chinese Australian of Australia council of NSW Australia leadership group Community Joint submission to Senate FADT page: 1 Joint Submission of the Chinese Community Council of Australia Inc. Multicultural Communities Council of NSW Inc. National Chinese Australian Leadership Group & National Sikh Council of Australia Inc. On Customs Amendment (Banning Goods Produced by Uyghur Forced Labour) Bill 2020 Committee Secretary Senate Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Legislation Committee PO Box 6100 Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Email: fadt.sen@aph,gov.au Date of Submission 28 Jan 2021 (Submission due 5 Feb 2021) The Submission 1. Our response in consultation with or Chinese , Sikh Australian communities. and the general multicultural communities. In our internal consultation with our Chinese and Multicultural colleagues, we frequently encountered these questions. We are in no position to answer these questions properly and instead we propose to share this information with the Senate committee in good faith. The questions below were frequently asked of us: 1.1 Why the interest in Xinjiang of all the other places in China? 1.2 Is the very focus on Xinjiang is already a leading question? 1.3 Is there indeed forced labour in Xinjiang? 1.4 How could one write a fair submission if there is no real access to information on a sensitive subject in China? 1.5 One would assume that for a fair report, one would have to ask the Chinese government for information. In which case, how would one be sure that the information given is genuine? Or can we refer to the Global Times as a source of information? 1.6 The other information that can be gleaned from available sources have too much political agenda and how would one determines its authenticity? 1.7 Do you not think that the task given to you is full of traps? 2. -
The Rise and Fall of the Wolf Warriors
THE RISE AND FALL OF THE WOLF WARRIORS Yun Jiang N 2020, the usually polite and us ‘chequebook diplomacy’ (aid Iconservative diplomats from the and investment to gain diplomatic People’s Republic of China (PRC) recognition vis-à-vis Taiwan) and attracted attention around the world ‘panda diplomacy’ (sending pandas to for breaking form. ‘Wolf warrior build goodwill). diplomacy’ is a term used to describe Wolf Warrior 战狼 was a popular the newly assertive and combative Chinese film released in 2015. It was style of Chinese diplomats, in action followed by a sequel, Wolf Warrior 2, as well as rhetoric. It is not the only which became the highest-grossing diplomacy-related term that China film in Chinese box office history. They became famous for this year; there were both aggressively nationalistic was also ‘mask diplomacy’ (the films, comparable with Hollywood’s shipment of medical goods to build Rambo, portraying the Chinese hero goodwill) and ‘hostage diplomacy’ as someone who saves his compatriots (the detention of foreign citizens in and others from international China to gain leverage over another ‘bad guys’, including American country). Previous years brought mercenaries. The tagline of both films 34 powerful counter-attack only when 35 being attacked’ is more like Kung Fu Panda, while wolf warrior diplomacy is more of a ‘US trait’.1 However it is characterised, the way Chinese diplomats operate reflects the attitude to diplomacy and foreign affairs of the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The discretionary The Rise and Fall of the Wolf Warriors The Rise and Fall of the Wolf Yun Jiang power of even the top foreign policy bureaucrats and diplomats is relatively CRISIS limited in the Chinese system. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
China As a "Cyber Great Power": Beijing's Two Voices In
SECURITY, STRATEGY, AND ORDER APRIL 2021 CHINA AS A “CYBER GREAT POWER” BEIJING’S TWO VOICES IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS RUSH DOSHI, EMILY DE LA BRUYÈRE, NATHAN PICARSIC, AND JOHN FERGUSON CHINA AS A “CYBER GREAT POWER” BEIJING’S TWO VOICES IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS RUSH DOSHI, EMILY DE LA BRUYÈRE, NATHAN PICARSIC, AND JOHN FERGUSON EXECUTIVE SUMMARY External Chinese government and commercial messaging on information technology (IT) speaks in one voice. Domestically, one hears a different, second voice. The former stresses free markets, openness, collaboration, and interdependence, themes that suggest Huawei and other Chinese companies ought to be treated like other global private sector actors and welcomed into foreign networks. Meanwhile, domestic Chinese government, commercial, and academic discourse emphasizes the limits of free markets and the dangers of reliance on foreign technologies — and, accordingly, the need for industrial policy and government control to protect technologies, companies, and networks. Domestic Chinese discourse also indicates that commercial communication networks, including telecommunications systems, might be used to project power and influence offensively; that international technical standards offer a means with which to cement such power and influence; and — above all — that IT architectures are a domain of zero-sum competition. That external Chinese government and corporate messaging might be disingenuous is by no means a novel conclusion. However, the core differences between that messaging and Chinese internal discussion on IT remain largely undocumented — despite China’s increasing development of and influence over international IT infrastructures, technologies, and norms. This report seeks to fill that gap, documenting the tension between external and internal Chinese discussions on telecommunications, as well as IT more broadly. -
The Coronavirus Cover-Up: a Timeline
SITUATION BRIEF April 10, 2020 • China Studies Program The Coronavirus Cover-Up: A Timeline How the Chinese Communist Party Misled the World about COVID-19 and Is Using the World Health Organization As an Instrument of Propaganda Executive Summary The People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its ruling Chi- assertions, the harm would have been significantly reduced. nese Communist Party (CCP) have deceived the world Instead, the PRC’s actions and WHO’s inaction precipitat- about the coronavirus since its appearance in late 2019. In ed a pandemic, leading to a global economic crisis and a this situation brief, the Victims of Communism Memorial growing loss of human life. Foundation compares the timeline and facts with China’s ongoing disinformation campaign about the coronavirus’ As a matter of justice, and to prevent future pandemics, the origins, nature, and spread. This brief also demonstrates PRC must be held accountable through demands for eco- how the World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted nomic reparations and other sanctions pertaining to human and helped legitimize China’s false claims. rights. China should also be suspended from full member- ship in the WHO and the WHO, which U.S. taxpayers fund The consequences of China’s deception and the WHO’s cre- annually, must be subject to immediate investigation and re- dulity are now playing out globally. It is normally difficult to form. Media organizations reporting on the claims of China assign culpability to governments and organizations charged and WHO regarding the pandemic without scrutiny or con- with ensuring public health in any pandemic, but the coro- text must be cautioned against misleading the public. -
Detecting Digital Fingerprints: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan
Detecting Digital Fingerprints: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan By: A Joint Report from: Nick Monaco Institute for the Future’s Digital Intelligence Lab Melanie Smith Graphika Amy Studdart The International Republican Institute 08 / 2020 Acknowledgments The authors and organizations who produced this report are deeply grateful to our partners in Taiwan, who generously provided time and insights to help this project come to fruition. This report was only possible due to the incredible dedication of the civil society and academic community in Taiwan, which should inspire any democracy looking to protect itself from malign actors. Members of this community For their assistance in several include but are not limited to: aspects of this report the authors also thank: All Interview Subjects g0v.tw Projects Gary Schmitt 0archive Marina Gorbis Cofacts Nate Teblunthuis DoubleThink Lab Sylvie Liaw Taiwan FactCheck Center Sam Woolley The Reporter Katie Joseff Taiwan Foundation for Democracy Camille François Global Taiwan Institute Daniel Twining National Chengchi University Election Johanna Kao Study Center David Shullman Prospect Foundation Adam King Chris Olsen Hsieh Yauling The Dragon’s Digital Fingerprint: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan 2 Graphika is the network Institute for the Future’s The International Republican analysis firm that empowers (IFTF) Digital Intelligence Lab Institute (IRI) is one of the Fortune 500 companies, (DigIntel) is a social scientific world’s leading international Silicon Valley, human rights research entity conducting democracy development organizations, and universities work on the most pressing organizations. The nonpartisan, to navigate the cybersocial issues at the intersection of nongovernmental institute terrain. With rigorous and technology and society. -
The Senkakus (Diaoyu/Diaoyutai) Dispute: U.S. Treaty Obligations
The Senkakus (Diaoyu/Diaoyutai) Dispute: U.S. Treaty Obligations Updated March 1, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42761 The Senkakus (Diaoyu/Diaoyutai) Dispute: U.S. Treaty Obligations Summary Since 2012, tensions have increased between Japan and China over the disputed Senkaku islands in the East China Sea. These flare-ups run the risk of involving the United States in an armed conflict in the region. Each time a crisis has erupted over the Senkakus over the past decade, questions have arisen concerning the U.S. relationship to the islands. Japan administers the eight small, uninhabited features, the largest of which is roughly 1.5 square miles. Some geologists believe the features sit near significant oil and natural gas deposits. China, as well as Taiwan, contests Japanese claims of sovereignty over the islands, which Japan calls the Senkaku-shoto, China calls the Diaoyu Dao, and Taiwan calls the Diaoyutai Lieyu. Although the disputed territory commonly is referred to as “islands,” it is unclear if any of the features would meet the definition of “island” under international law. U.S. Administrations going back at least to the Nixon Administration have stated that the United States takes no position on the question of who has sovereignty over the Senkakus. It also has been U.S. policy since 1972, however, that the 1960 U.S.-Japan Security Treaty covers the islands. Article 5 of the treaty states that the United States is committed to “meet the common danger” of an armed attack on “the territories under the Administration of Japan.” In return for U.S. -
Openness in Finance to Help Lift Real Economy
4 | Thursday, July 22, 2021 HONG KONG EDITION | CHINA DAILY CHINA Piece of Openness in cake Xue Weijin, a Shaanxi Xueqian Normal Uni- versity student, cele- brates his birthday finance to help with children from a village in Lantian county, Shaanxi prov- ince, on Wednesday. A 22-member team from lift real economy the university is stay- ing in the village to learn about the grass- Meeting told mechanism to monitor roots and provide chil- systemic risks will be put in place dren with light lessons and entertainment during the summer By WANG KEJU subsidiary firms of financial insti- vacation. [email protected] tutions will be improved. Channels YUAN JINGZHI / and methods for foreign capital to FOR CHINA DAILY Premier Li Keqiang heard a participate in the domestic finan- report on advancing financial cial market will be optimized. opening-up at a State Council exec- Management requirements of utive meeting on Wednesday and direct investment projects that are chaired discussions on work relat- closely related to the real economy ed to greater financial openness will be improved. Efforts will be and the building of stronger finan- made to keep the renminbi cial services to boost the real econo- exchange rate basically stable and my. at an adaptive and balanced level. The meeting noted the steady “As a developing country, China’s opening up of China’s financial sec- development must rely on the real tor in recent years, during which economy,” Li said. “Greater finan- Shanghai team in laser breakthrough Foreign more than 100 foreign-invested cial openness should better serve banks and insurance, securities, the real economy, which is of great By ZHOU WENTING in Shanghai the internal dynamic structure of the world but they range in size Ministry payment and clearing institutions importance to maintaining the [email protected] matter and study the interaction from 300 meters to 3.4 kilome- have been approved and set up. -
2020 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), states that citizens “enjoy freedom of religious belief” but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” without defining “normal.” CCP members and members of the armed forces are required to be atheists and are forbidden from engaging in religious practices. National law prohibits organizations or individuals from interfering with the state educational system for minors younger than the age of 18, effectively barring them from participating in most religious activities or receiving religious education. Some provinces have additional laws on minors’ participation in religious activities. The government continued to assert control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to one of the five state-sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. -
Winning Strategic Competition in the Indo-Pacific
NATIONAL SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM Winning Strategic Competition in the Indo-Pacific Jason Begley PAPER SEPTEMBER 2020 National Security Fellowship Program Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org/NSF Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the author and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, the U.S. government, the Department of Defense, the Australian Government, or the Department of Defence. Design and layout by Andrew Facini Copyright 2020, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America NATIONAL SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM Winning Strategic Competition in the Indo-Pacific Jason Begley PAPER SEPTEMBER 2020 About the Author A Royal Australian Air Force officer, Jason Begley was a 19/20 Belfer Center National Security Fellow. Trained as a navigator on the P-3C Orion, he has flown multiple intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance opera- tions throughout the Indo-Pacific region and holds Masters degrees from the University of New South Wales and the Australian National University. His tenure as a squadron commander (2014-2017) coincided with the liberation of the Philippines’ city of Marawi from Islamic State, and the South China Sea legal case between the Philippines and the People’s Republic of China. Prior to his Fellowship, he oversaw surveillance, cyber and information operations at Australia’s Joint Operations Command Headquarters, and since returning to Australia now heads up his Air Force’s Air Power Center. Acknowledgements Jason would like to acknowledge the support of the many professors at the Harvard Kennedy School, particularly Graham Allison who also helped him progress his PhD during his Fellowship. -
Read the 4-23-2021 Issue In
VOLUME 21 • ISSUE 8 • APRIL 23, 2021 IN THIS ISSUE: Hong Kong Cracks Down on National Security Imperatives Amid Electoral Reforms By Elizabeth Chen………………………………………………….pp. 1-6 The Xi Administration Openly Challenges American Global Leadership And Takes Multiple Measures to Counter Washington’s Containment By Willy Wo-Lap Lam……………………………………………………...pp. 7-13 The CCP is Retooling its Censorship System at a Brisk Pace in 2021 By Angeli Datt and Sarah Cook…………………………………………………...pp. 14-19 Prospects of China-U.S. Climate Diplomacy: The Perspective From Beijing By Kevin Jianjun Tu………………………………………………….………..pp. 20-25 New Concept Weapons: China Explores New Mechanisms to Win War By Marcus Clay…………………………………………………………..pp. 26-33 Hong Kong Cracks Down on National Security Imperatives Amid Electoral Reforms By Elizabeth Chen On April 15, Hong Kong celebrated National Security Education Day (NSE Day) for the first time in the special administrative region (HKSAR)’s history. The mainland has held a National Security Education Day on April 15 each year since the holiday was designated in a July 2015 National Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). In Hong Kong, NSE Day was marked by a symposium of events held by the Committee for Safeguarding National Security, a body established by a new national security law implemented last June and led by the city’s chief executive Carrie Lam Cheng Yuet-ngor (China Daily, April 1 ChinaBrief • Volume 21 • Issue 8 • April 23, 2021 13). The theme of the day was to “Uphold National Security, Safeguard Our Home—Improve Electoral System, Ensure Patriots Administering Hong Kong.” Image: Leaders of the HKSAR took part in the opening ceremony of National Security Education Day 2021 in Hong Kong, including (from left): Major General Chen Daoxiang, Yang Yirui, Zheng Yanxiong, Luo Huining, Tung Chee-hwa, Carrie Lam, Zhang Jianzong, Chen Maobo, Zheng Ruohua, Leung Junyan, and Chen Zhisi Source: Info.gov.hk). -
China's Great Propaganda Campaign During the COVID-19 Pandemic
China's Great Propaganda Campaign During the COVID-19 Pandemic Alison Hsiao and Olivia Yang Summary Infected cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as of July 23 have reached above 14.9 million with over 600,000 deaths globally. While the origin of the novel coronavirus remains under investigation, the epidemic was first reported in Wuhan, a city in central China. However, instead of alerting the global community in the early stages of the outbreak, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government under the lead of Communist Party of China General- Secretary Xi Jinping sought not only to cover-up the severity of the coronavirus, but also seize the opportunity to carry out a great propaganda campaign targeting both its citizens and the international community. The Taiwan Foundation for Democracy has compiled PRC government statements, news reports, and social media posts since the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified four main stages in China’s latest propaganda campaign: downplaying the severity of COVID-19, shifting responsibility, China being the savior, and the “shared fate” narrative. This report will demonstrate and analyze the components of each stage to shed light on the PRC government’s orchestration of a propaganda campaign amid the COVID-19 global health crisis. 1 Background: The start of the COVID-19 pandemic Awareness of a novel coronavirus started growing when Chinese Dr. Li Wenliang on December 30, 2019 sent a message in a WeChat group warning fellow doctors about a SARS-like virus among patients and urged them to wear protective gear to avoid infection. That very night, two official documents issued by the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission started circulating on the internet.