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Contributions to the Macromycetes in the Oak Zone of Finland

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Contributions to the Macromycetes in the Oak Zone of Finland Contributions to the macromycetes In the oak zone of Finland P a a v o K a l l i o and E s t e r i K a n k a i n e n Department of Botany, University of Turku Publications from the Department of Botany, University of Turku, N:o 114 The characteristics of the fungus flora the collecting operations and some of the of the oak zone of Finland have to some localities mentioned in the previous list extent been described in the papers of have been collected again. KARSTEN (1859), THESLEFF (1919), EKLUND The nomenclature follows that of SINGER (1943, 1944), and KALLIO (1963). The north­ (1962; Agaricales) and MosER (1963; Asco­ ern limit of the oak zone is one of the clear­ mycetes). All the specimens mentioned are est mycofloristic boundaries in northern preserved in TUR (Herbarium of the Uni­ Europe and some species - e.g. many bo­ versity of Turku).Abbreviations of persons: letes (KALLIO 1963) - are particularly good (SH) Seppo Hietavuo, (EK) Esteri Kankai­ indicators for this zone. nen, (PK) Paavo Kallio, (AN) Antti Nyman, In the following list, new localities of (RS) Raili Suominen. Abbreviations of pro­ some »southern species» are attached as vinces: A = Ahvenanmaa, V = Varsinais­ addenda to the list of KALLio (1963). Some Suomi, U = Uusimaa, St = Satakunta, EH new points for study have been included in = Etela-Hame, EK = Etela-Karjala. LIST OF THE SPECIES Ascomycetes Vuorentaka23. 10. 66 (AN); K a r j a I o h j a Pii­ pola Heponiemi 12. 9. 65 and 25. 9. 66 (AN). The Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Dumortier fungus grows on Quercus. A: Jomala Ramsholm 20.9. 64 (PK). V: Tur­ Helvella crispa (Scop.) Fr. k u Ruissalo 4. 10. 56 (PK) and 27. 9. 64 (Aarne V: H a I i k k o Vaisakko, on leaves of oak and Vuorisalo); Pi i k k i o Tuorla 20. 9. 60 (PK); N au ­ poplar 2. 10. 65 (AN); Par a in en Urheilukentta v o Vikom (on Betula) 10. 11. 57 (PK), Stortrask (on 7. 10.65 (RS). Betula) 10. 11.57 (PK); K em i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (EK). U: I n k o o Fagervik (on Quercus) 4. 11. 65· ,~Holger Basidiomycetes Sil.ltin). - The species has also been collected in localities north of the oak zone. Polyporaceae Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Dumortier U: Ink o o Fagervik (on Quercus trunk) 4. 11. Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Bond. & Sing. 65 (Holger Saltin). V: R a is i o Viheriainen 1964 (Tapio Laine, Bulgaria inquinans Fr. private communic.), K e m i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (PK), V: Turk u Ruissalo, Sept. 1922 (L. E. Kari), 10. 9. 66 (PK). The species is found always on 13. 9. 36 (L. E. Kari). 10. 9. 60 (PK), 16. 9. 65 (PK, Quercus. Paula Siltanen}; K em i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (EK, PK., Polypilus frondosus (Dicks.) Karst. Heli Heikkila), 10. 9. 66 (PK & Paula Siltanen); V: Turk u Ruissalo 26. 9. 65 {Paula Siltanen), Mietoinen Saari 17.9.65 (PK); Halikko K em i o Viik 4. 10. 64 (EK, AN etc.), 10. 9. 66 (PK), 9 R a is i o Perno Tammimaki 25. 9. 66 (Tapio Laine). Amanitaceae The fungus grows at the base of old oaks. Polypilus umbellatus (Pers.) Bond. & Sing. Amanita pantherina (D. C. ex Fr.) Schumm. V: Parainen Attu 30.8.65, Z7 . 9.67 (SH). V: H a I i k k o Mary Pihko, under oaks 10. 9. 66 This is the second known discovery of the species (AN); .par a in en Attu 22. 8. 66 (SH). in Finland (cf. Kallio 1963). Amanita phalloides (Vail!. ex Fr.) Seer. Daedalea quercina (L.) Fr. The distribution of this rare species in Fin­ V: K em i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (PK); U us i k au­ land is only a little known. The following speci­ punk i Sarapera 21. 9. 65 (PK}; V e h m a a Vink­ mens labelled with the name •Phalloides• are pre­ kila Saarikko 21. 9. 65 (PK). The species is common served: Amanita phalloides Fr. forma alba Sarkijarvi on oak stubs. (Tamme!a) 24. Sept. 1867. - Agaricus phalloides Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) Fr. Mustiala 1876 (or 1870). - Amanita mappa Batsch V: H a 1 i k k o Tavola, on living Quercus 19. 9. var. phalloides Runsala (=Turku, Ruissalo) 4. Sept. 66 {AN); K a r j a 1 o h j a Piipola Heponiemi, on !881. All these specimens have been collected by living Quercus 25. 9. 66 (AN). The species has been P. A. Karsten. Thesleff has found one specimen in found every year in the surroundings of Turku. south Karelia, Bjorko 17. IX. 1894. W. Nyberg has labelled •Amanita phalloides Fr. - Nastan vit farg­ form. Grankulla, Sept. 1941, i blandskog, osaker•. Tricholomataceae The specimens collected by Karsten are very small. The cap is only 3 em broad and the stipe Laccaria amethystina (Bolt. ex Hooker) Murr. 2-4 mm thick. The appearence is quite different V: Turku Ruissalo 16. 9. 65 (EK); Kemio from those collected by us from T u r k u Ruis­ Viik 18. 9. 65 (PK); Us k e 1 a Tupuri 10. 10. 66 salo. The appearance of the specimens of Karsten (AN) . resembles most closely A man ita porphyria (Alb. & Tricholoma lascivum (Fr.) Gillet Schw.) Fr. It is probable that Karsten in his labels V: K em i o Viik, under oaks 10. 9. 66 (PK). has meant Amanita phalloides Seer., which is the Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull. ex Fr.) Kummer same as A. porphyria (cf. VEsELY !934, p. 17). KARs­ V: Turk u Hirvensalo 3. 10. 65 (Kalevi Vilja- TEN (1876, pp. 23-24) records Agaricus porphyrius maa); K em i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (EK & PK), 10. 9. 66 and as its synonym •Agaricus phalloides e.Fr. Syst. (PK); P aim i o Askala {under hazel) 26. 9. 65 (Rei­ Myc. I. p . 13•, and has added in his description: no Alava); R a is i o Perno 28. 9. 66 (EK); M i e­ •formam majorem huius speciei (Ag. sinuatum to in en Saari 17. 9. 65· (PK):; V e h m a a Vinkki­ Schum.) stipite bulboso farcto ad Ag. phalloidem, la Saarikko, oak-hazel forest 21. 9. 65 (PK); U us i­ quocum statura omnino conventit, olim retulimus». k au punk i Sundholma 21. 9. 65· (PK); La it i 1 a In 1879 (p. 2) KARSTEN used the name Amanita bul­ Varpe, pure Corylus locality (without oak) 21. 9. 65 bosa (Schaeff.) Pers. and recorded its distributional (PK), church village (under oak) 21. 9. 65 (PK), and area •Ryssl. (Ural.); Scand.• indicating that the Mustasalo, oak-hazel forest 21. 9. 65· (PK); Par a i ­ species had not been found in Finland previously. n en Lenholm under oak 19. 9. 66 (SH). Also the specimen collected by Thesleff cannot Tricholoma columbetta {Fr.) Kummer further be determined. The specimens collected by V: K em i o Viik 18. 9. 65 (PK), 10. 9. 66 (PK); Nyberg have quite another type of the stipe base An g e 1 n i em i Kokkila 4. 10. 64 (RS), 10. 9. 66 than this phalloides we know, and we want to (EK); Po h j a Skuru 30. 10. 65 (Holger Saltin); underline the designation •osaker• (=not sure). La it i 1 a Varpe 21. 9. 65 (PK). St: E u raj o k i Eklund has mentioned that the species occurs in Kaunissaari 29. 9. 63 (Matti Sulkinoja); Par a in en the archipelago of Turku (1943, p. 18). In both Lenholm, near oak 19. 9. 66 (SH). localities, in Korppoo like in Houtskari, the habitat Oudemansiella radicata (Relh. ex Fr.) Sing. has been a meadow forest also growing oak. No V: Turk u Katariinanlaakso 23. 9. 63 (P'K), 18. collections are preserved from these localities. STEN· 11. 63 (EK), and Ruissalo 24. 9. 63 {PK). LID has (1947) recorded the species from Ahvenan­ Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull. ex Fr.) Sing. maa Lemland: Nato. V: Turku Ruissalo 9. 9. 66 (EK); Kemio In 19:63 Amanita phalloides was found in V: Viik 10. 9. 66 (PK):; Po h j a Fiskars 26. 10.65 (Hol­ K a k s k e r t a Kulho (20. 9.) by Ulla Laaksonen. ger Saltin); H a 1 i k k o Vuorentaka 18. 9. 65 (AN); The habitat is a rich oak forest known by its south­ No usia in en Linnavuori 17. 9. 65 (Heli Heikki­ ern fungi (cf. KALLio 1963). In the same year the la); V e h m a a Vinkkila Saarikko 21. 9. 65 (PK); species was found by the authors in two localities U us i k au punk i Sundholma 21. 9. 65 (PK); in Turk u Ruissalo. 1. Oct. in all ten fruit bodies La i t i 1 a Varpe 21. 9. 65 (PK), and Mustasalo 21. were found. The fruit bodies are most typical when 9. 65 (PK). U: Ink o o Fagervik 4. 11.65 (Holger compared with the description by LANGE 1935. The Saltin). largest caps were 14 em in diameter and the stem Marasmius prasiosmus (Fr.) Fr. was in all specimens more than one em thick. The V: K em i o Viik, oak forest 4. !0. 64 (EK); Us­ tallest specimens were 16 em jn height. The colour k e 1 a Tupuri 10. 10. 66 (AN); H a I i k k o Vai­ of the fruit bodies was typical oli>;e' greenish, and sakko 23.
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