' . JULY _13, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 27

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE Worldwide solidaritY- needed rotest out awi rene revo utionists

Paris, June 21. Club-swinging cops charge antifascist demonstrators. Ligue Cornrnuniste, one of the organizers of the demonstration, has been outlawed by French government. See pages 3-6.

By CAROLINE LUND jailing of two Ligue Communiste SP in defense of the democratic Europe as well. For instance, the PARIS, July 5- The June 28 gov­ leaders, Alain Krivine and Pierr:e rights of any of the far-left orga­ daily Le Soir in Brussels ran a ernment deeree outlawing the Rousset, has come from the entire nizations, (groups to the left of the banner headline "Krivine Impulte" Ligue Communiste (Communist spectrum of the French left and Communist Party), is unprece­ ( Krivine Indicted). League), French section of the working-class organizations. dented. Alain Krivine, presidential can­ Fourth International, stemming The extent of this opposition waP The banning of the Ligue, and ~idate of the Ligue in the 1969 The Militant has sent staH writer dramatically expressed here last the rising protest against it, has French elections, was indicted Caroline Lund to Paris to provide night as 10,000 to 15,000 peo­ had a major impact on French under the "antiwrecker law" passed our readers with firsthand cover­ ple attended a mass protest meet­ politics. This was reflected in a in 1970. This law enables the gov~ ing called for the defense of civil TV statement by Prime Minister ernment to hold a leader of an age of the struggle against the liberties. The meeting was spon­ Pierre Messmer trying to justify the organization responsible for any . banning of Ligue Communiste. sored by the major French trade ban, and in numerous com­ violations of the law committed from its participation in an anti­ unions, the Communist Party, the mentaries in the capitalist press in the course of a demonstration fascist demonstration, has brought Socialist Party, and other work­ day after day. The impact of the sponsored by that organization, forth a massive outcry of protest. ing-class and civil liberties organi­ ban and the protest against it has even if he or she committed no Opposition to the ban and to the zations. Such action by the CP and been felt throughout the rest of Continued on page 5 Watergate: How long can Nixon remain silent? /13 In Brief 65 HAITIAN EXILES WIN RELEASE FROM JAIL: June 20 as he refused to dismiss charges against the On June 27, James Green, acting director of the Depart­ Gainesville Eight. ment of Immigration and Naturalization, agreed to re­ The Gainesville Eight are members and supporters of lease 65 Haitian exiles being held in the Dade County Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW). They face jail in Miami. charges of conspiring to commit violence at the 1972 The 65 Haitians were denied amnesty and jailed when Republican Party convention. THIS they arrived in Florida last December. Each was being The defendants contend they were framed up to help held on $1,000 bond, which none had been able to raise. with the cover-up of the Watergate break-in. Evidence of Green agreed to free the 65 without bond and placed them high . government involvement in their case includes: the WEEK'S in the custody of the Friendship Baptist Church in Miami. burglary of the office of one defense attorney; the testimony Reverend Jenkins, pastor of the church, estimates that of Watergater James McCord that he received "intelligence" MILITANT as many as 300 more Haitians are being held in Florida reports on VVAW members, including some of the de­ 7 Farm Workers resist jails. Lawyers for the exiles are demanding that they be fendants; and the bugging of some of the defendants by given political asylum. Pablo Fernandez, an anti-Castro Cuban associated with Teamster goon attacks On July 1, 100 people, mostly Haitians, demonstrated several of the Watergate burglars. 8 Brezhnev, Mao uphold in New York, demanding amnesty and asylum for the Despite this evidence, Arnow refused to allow a hear­ status quo exiles. Telegrams supporting the right of the exiles to re­ ing on government interference in the case. He did post­ 14 CIA linked to attacks on main in the U.S. should be sent to Attorney General pone the date of the trial- to be held in Gainesville, Fla.­ on l. A. left Elliot Richardson, Room 5115, Department of Justice, until July 31. Washington, D. C. 20530. 15 How peace movement MISSISSIPPI OFFICIALS CHARGED WITH CONSPIRA­ foiled gov't 'dirty tricks' CY: The president of the Republic of New Africa (RNA), 16 Nixon's secret 'enemy Imari Abubakari Obadele, has filed conspiracy charges against city and state officials in Jackson, Miss. list' Final '72 returns give His motion, submitted in federal court June 20, states, 17 N.Y. postal workers "It was the objective of the conspirators to use ... both reject contract lawful and unlawful means" to stop the operations of the 18 Why Atlantans should SWP 96,176 vote~ RNA, and deprive the defendant, Obadele, of his constitu­ vote SWP According to newly obtained official vote returns, the So­ tional rights. Among the conspirators listed are the may­ 19 General strike sweeps cialist Workers Party finished ahead of all the other radi­ or and police chief of Jackson and the state attorney cal parties in the 1972 presidential elections. The SWP general. Uruguay finished fourth, behind the Democrats and Republicans The motion describes the official campaign of harass­ 21 Where is the Guardian and the right-wing American Independent Party. The SWP ment and intimidation of the RNA throughout 1971. The going? candidates were Linda Jenness for president and Andrew campaign culminated in an armed attack by police and 24 Black family sues to end Pulley for vice-president. FBI agents on an RNA residence in the early hours of forced sterilization The returns have been compiled by the clerk of the U. S. Aug. 18. House of Representatives and published by the U.S. Gov­ One cop was killed and 11 RNA people were subse­ ernment Printing Office. This tally credits the SWP pres­ quently indicted on charges ranging from murder to trea­ In Brief 2 idential ticket with a total of 96,176 votes from 23 states. son against the state of Mississippi. 10 In Our Opinion The People's Party, which nominated Dr. Benjamin Spock Several of the RNA 11 have already been tried and sen­ Letters for president, is given a total of 77,080 votes. ( Spock's tenced to life imprisonment. Obadele, who is out on bond, 11 La Raza en Accion votes are listed under the names of different state parties is slated for trial soon. His motion calls for dropping all National Picket Line that united in the People's Party to back his candidacy.) charges against the RNA 11. The Socialist Labor Party is listed as having received 12 Great Society 53,617 votes. The Communist Party is credited with 25,- PROBE DEMANDED IN COPS' KILLING OF CHI­ Women in Revolt 222, the smallest vote of the left parties. CANOS: A state and federal probe of police killings of Chi­ By Any Means Necessary The total for the SWP is larger than that compiled by canos in Riverside, Calif., was demanded at a Los An­ 17 American Way of Life the SWP 1972 campaign committee from state returns geles Press Club news conference June 22. 18 Campaigning for Social­ and published in the January 12, 1973 Militant. That The demand was touched off by the police killing of ism earlier report gave the SWP only 68,226 votes, and said Mario Romero, 23, who was gunned down by two cops that the SWP had obtained fewer votes than Dr. Spock. while trying to escape arrest. Romero was barefoot, had 20 In Review The more up-to-date tally credits the SWP with 30,945 a broken arm in a cast, and was headed straight toward votes from Arizona that the Arizona secretary of state a high fence at a freeway ramp when police killed him. WORLD OUTLOOK had tried to prevent from being counted. The Militant pre­ A coroner's inquest exonerated the cops as a matter of 1 Chile: left and right iously listed only 1,915 votes from Arizona. On.the other routine since such a killing is legal under the "fleeing mobilize hand, 574 write-in votes from California and 506 votes felon" statute. 2 Repression stepped up from Wisconsin, where the SWP was on the ballot, are Speaking for the Riverside Citizens Committee for Jus­ not included in the latest report. Both of these totals had tice, Susano Duarte said demands for revision ofthe statute in Yugoslavia been included in The Militant's earlier vote summary. had been filed with the California attorney general and the 3 Defense of Irish political Although the SWP had been advised by many states U.S. Justice Department. The committee cited seven cases prisoners that write-in votes would be counted, and a great many in the past six years in which Chicanos have died at the 4 Issues in Venezuelan write-in votes were cast, not a single write-in vote was re­ hands of Riverside police or while in their custody. elections corded for the SWP candidates in this official report. The Citizens Committee for Justice may be contacted by writing to Box 1407, Crestline, Calif. 92395. Telephone: Ernesto Calles at (714) 877-1123. -MIRTA VIDAL MOLLY HICKS GIVEN PROBATION: On June 28, Wilm­ ington, N.C., Judge Robert Rouse ordered Molly Hicks placed on a maximum of two years' probation. Hicks had been convicted the week before of being an "acces­ THE MILITANT sory after the fact of involuntary manslaughter." YOUR FIRST· Reverend Ben Chavis, a codefendant, was acquitted and VOLUME 37 /NUMBER 27 charges against Leatrice Hicks, Molly's daughter, were JULY 13, 1973 dropped when the jury could not reach a verdict. All ISSUE? CLOSING NEWS DATE-JULY 4, 1973 three defendants were Black. The charges stemmed from a shooting incident that oc­ Editor: MARY-AliCE WATERS SUBSCRIBE Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS curred in the wake of a Black uprising against white Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING racist violence in 1971. TO THE Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone: BERRIGAN, McALISTER WIN VICTORY: Six of seven Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) convictions against Father Philip Berrigan and Elizabeth MILITANT 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western McAlister were reversed by a federal court of appeals June Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Telephone: (213) 463- 27. The growing cnsts in Chile, the massive general strike 1917. Berrigan and McAlister had been convicted on charges Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes in Uruguay, the meaning of the detente-these and many of address should be addressed to The Militant Business of secretly exchanging letters about antiwar activities while more international developments are reported and ana­ Office, 14CharlesLone, New York, N.Y. 10014. Berrigan was serving a sentence. The court reversed six lyzed in The Militant. Second-doss postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ of the convictions on the grounds that the letters were scriptions: Domestic: $5 a year; foreign, $8. By first­ being delivered by an informer acting on orders from the class mail: domestic and Canada, $25; all other coun­ tries, $41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, warden himself. One count against Berrigan was upheld S32; Mexico and the Caribbean, $30; Latin America on grounds that he tried to smuggle a letter the warden Introductory oller-S1/3months and Europe, $40; Africa, Australia, and Asia (including really knew nothing about. ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. USSR), $50. Write for sealed air postage rates. Berrigan is now on parole after serving 19 months ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then in prison for antiwar activities. If the convictions had not of the International Socialist Review. posted from London directly: England and Ireland, Ll.20 ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant for 10 issues, L4.50 for one year; Continental Europe, been reversed, he would have faced four concurrent two­ Ll.50 for 10 issues, L5.50 for one year. Send banker's year terms. McAlister could have received a one-year ( ) New ( ) Renewal draft directly to Pathfinder Press, 47 The Cut, London, term. NAME------­ SE1 BLL, England. Inquire for air rates from London at the same address. ADDRESS------Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily JUDGE IGNORES WATERGATE LINKS IN VIETNAM CITY ______STATE------ZIP---- represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in VETS CASE: "The government is not on trial in this 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. editorials. case," declared U.S. District Court Judge Winston Arnow

2 FRANCE:Ligue Communiste Mass rally in Paris protests ban on Ligue By CAROLINE LUND (Confederation Francaise Democrati­ PARIS, July 5- A mass meeting in que du Travail- French Democratic defense of civil liberties called by the Confederation of Labor), the second -A Comite de Defense des Libertes last largest union federation in France, de­ ., night at the Cirque d'Hiver for 6:30 clared that "we are face to face with the p.m. overflowed into the streets by result of a provocation by the govern­ 6:45 p.m. The conservative Paris ment, a provocation that represents daily Le Figaro reported the crowd a grave danger to labor." Detrae was at around 11,000. L'Humanite, news­ referring to the widely held opinion paper of the Communist Party, de­ that the government deliberately sent scribed it as 15,000. lightly armed police to the June 21 The two mass political parties of demonstration in an effort to provoke the left, the Communist Party and So­ a reaction from the antifascist demon­ cialist Party, and the massive trade strators. The government wanted to union federations participated in the use the incident to crack down on the rally. Originally called in defense of Ligue Communiste, and then other civil liberties in general, following the forces on the left. government crackdown on the Ligue France's largest labor federation, Communiste it became more and more the CGT (Confederation Generale du focused as a protest against the dis- Travail- General Confederation of Labor), was represented by Rene Buhl. Buhl described the '1arge scale anti­ A statement by the Socialist Work­ union offensive shown by an escala­ ers Party on the developments in tion of deliberate repression. We don't France appears on page 10. think that you can substitute repres­ sion for political debate. The Ligue Communiste has the right to exist." solution of the Ligue. Despite the breadth of the meeting This is the first time in recent years there was one major drawback. The outlawing of the Ligue Communiste reflects government fear of growing influence that the Communist Party has openly Former members of the Ligue were ofT rotskyists among radicalizing forces in F ranee. defended the democratic rights of the refused by the organizers the right Ligue Communiste, or of any of the to speak or even have a message groups to the left of the French Stalin­ "Popular Unity" and "Let the Ligue France. The Ligue, among others to read to the meeting. Throughout the ists. speak." Duclos said, "I raise a vig­ the left of the CP, has been playing speeches there were loud chants of Outside the meeting hall thousands orous protest against the arrest of an increasingly important role in the "Let the Ligue speak." But the CP were packed into a square to hear the A. Krivine and against the dissolu­ radicalization, a fact clearly shown and SP refused the request by former speakers through loudspeakers. Hand­ tion of the Ligue Communiste, with in the recent high school student strug­ members of the Ligue and by the written signs and banners demanded whom everyone knows we disagree gles against the Debre law. United Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste an end to the dissolution of the Ligue on the politics and actions they put In addition to the student upsurge U nifie- PS U) to allow even a short and called for the release of Alain forward." around the Debre law, the past six speech or a message. Every time sup­ Krivine and Pierre Rousset. Claude Estier of the Socialist Party months have seen an increase in the porters would chant for the Ligue to Collection cans for the defense effort followed Duclos. The main thrust of speak, the Stalinist marsh~ls would were circulated as well as copies of every speech was that this rally was answer back by starting a chant of an official supplement to Politique­ unprecedented in France and repre­ Hebdo (published by former mem­ sented a victory for the movement Free Krivine bers of the CP) and Liberation (pub­ to rE;!scind the dissolution of the Ligue. lished by Jean-Paul Sartre.) In a political analysis, Le Monde and Rousset! These papers had opened their pages commented today on the fears of the organizers of the meeting that it would A call for continuing the fight against for a declaration and appeal by Alain the ban on the Ligue Communiste was Krivine and for other articles on the turn into a rally for the Ligue Com­ muniste: "That's why the organizers printed in the July 3 issue of Lutte campaign in defense of the rights of Ouvriere at the request of many po­ the Ligue. The supplement was sold took care to measure out carefully the degree of their response [to the litical activists and cultural figures. by members of many of the left or­ The statement calls for the "establish­ ganizations who oppose the ban on the government ban]. Le Monde pointed out that the top leaders of the CP ment of a national committee against Ligue. the dissolution of the Ligue." It in­ A former member of the Ligue Com­ and SP and the top officials of the major trade-union federations were cludes as its platform the following: muniste from Nanterre University de­ 1) the repeal of the decree that dis­ not present. scribed to me how activists from many solved the Ligue; 2) rescinding all Immediately following the end of of. the far-left organizations at the Uni­ indictments against leaders and activ­ the meeting, Henri Weber, editor of versity had offered to raise money ists of the Ligue; and 3) the immediate Rouge, addressed the crowd outside and sell bundles of the latest issue of release of all political prisoners, nota­ Rouge. A bundle of 200 of last week's through a portable sound system. bly Alain Krivine and Pierre Rousset. Rouge was sold out in a day at Nan­ Weber described the real reason for terre. People paid up to ten times the the dissolution of the Ligue Commu­ cost of the paper, depositing the money POMPIDOU: facing rising opposition to niste: "The decisive role of activists number of strikes, some of which have in an unattended can on a table. repression of French revolutionists. of the Ligue, their anti-imperialist ac­ outflanked the bureaucratic trade­ union leadership by democratically A former member of the Ligue from tivity and support of the Indochinese revolution, their fight against conscrip­ electing strike committees and holding Rouen told me about another incident "Popular Unity," the slogan of the tion and the Debre law, were the rea­ general assemblies of the workers. that shows the breadth of the support Union of the Left. The opposing sons for the government's ban. How­ The immigrant workers have also for the rights of the Ligue. At a Shell chants were of about equal volume. ever, the dissolution of the Ligue isn't been increasingly active in pushing Oil plant in Rouen, two payroll guards In answer to the demand to hear the end of revolutionary ideas." forward militant struggles. The regime came into the plant armed with ma­ from the Ligue, Daniel Mayer excused Former leaders of the Ligue em­ fears that organizations such as the chine guns to protect the payroll. The the refusal by declaring that "unity is phasized to me that the attack on the Ligue will increasingly win the leader­ workers mistakenly thoughttheguards indivisible and freeing Krivine is the Ligue comes in the context of the ship of the radicalizing elements of were coming for two former members only way to give the Ligue the plat­ general rise of the radicalization in the working class. of the Ligue working in the plant, form." This was met with chants of and they surrounded the armed "Why is the Ligue banned here, too?" guards and wouldn't let them pass. Clearly, had a former member of the The breadth of the defense came as Ligue been allowed to speak it would a surprise to the government, which have been a severe blow to the gov­ International protests had no doubt expected a far smaller ernment. NEW YORK, July 4- The French Workers Party have taken the ini­ reaction from the mass working-class Even though feelings ran high for government's ban ori the Ligue tiative in contacting other radical organizations. Speakers at last night's the Ligue's right to speak, their sup­ Communiste has provoked an inter­ groups, trade unionists, civil lib­ rally represented majur components porters carefully avoided any disrup­ national movement of solidarity ertarians, and others to organize from the Union of the Left as well tions by circulating around the crowd with the Ligue against the govern­ broad opposition to the attempt to as civil liberties organizations. Daniel with bullhorns and pointing out that ment decree. Initial protest demon­ outlaw the Ligue Communiste. Mayer, president of the Ligue des dirsuption of the rally would be a strations have already occurred at Demonstrations in cities from Droits de l'Homme (League for the victory for the government. French government offices in Den­ coast to coast will be held during Rights of Man) opened and chaired The rally then heard representatives mark, Sweden, Switzerland, West the next few days. Next week's Mil­ the rally. He said the purpose of the of the FEN (National Education Fed­ Germany, Belgium, England, Can­ itant will carry complete coverage meeting was "to make the most urgent eration), and the PS U. Jacques Duclos, ada, and Japan. of the international solidarity effort and most weighty protest against the a leader of the French Communist In the United States, the Young and will report on plans for further dissolution of the Ligue." Party, spoke and was greeted with Socialist Alliance and the Socialist action. Albert Detrae, leader of the CFDT even louder counterposed chants of

THE MILITANT/JULY. 13, 1973 3 FRANCE: Ligue Communiste Broad P-rotest against gov't reP-ression Pompidou outlaws French Trotskyists From Intercontinental Press veau [New Order]. The ban is window armed, many of · the counterdemon­ the police claim to have found two By JON ROTHSCHILD dressing. There is no reason to be­ strators wore helmets and carried hunting rifles and a hand grenade. On June 28 the French Council of lieve that the special relationship Or­ sticks for defending themselves in con­ On June 22, while the police were Ministers, acting on the recommenda­ dre Nouveau has maintained with the fronting the fascists. occupying the Ligue headquarters, tion of the notorious profascist Min­ cops will alter. The Gaullist regime had mobilized various organizations began to ex­ ister of the Interior Raymond Marcel­ In fact, that special relationship was more than 2,000 police to defend the press their views on the previous lin, outlawed the Ligue Communiste, itself at the root of the June 21 events. racist meeting. The cops, who earlier night's events. The PS U (Parti So­ French section of the Fourth Interna­ in the day had functioned as guards, cialiste Unifie- United Socialistparty) tional. Ordre Nouveau guaranteeing the fascists the oppor­ issued a communique expressing its On the same day, the regime ordered For some time Ordre Nouveau had tunity to arm themselves, formed up "indignation at the behavior of the the state security court to issue war­ been trying to mobilize the French in the evening in defense lines to pro­ forces of order toward the demon­ rants for the arrest of known leaders population against "wildcat [illegal] tect the outnumbered fascists. At about strators who were attempting to oppose of the Ligue. In the early morning immigration." Using typically racist 8:00 p.m. some clashes broke out be­ the holding of the racist meeting of hours of June 29 sixty-five apartments and anti-Semitic rhetoric, these fascists tween the counterdemonstrators and the Ordre Nouveau neo-Nazis. in and around Paris were raided by had succeeded on several occasions the police. As police attacks on the "Not content simply to tolerate a cops who broke down doors and ran­ in provoking assaults on immigrant marchers escalated in intensity, the meeting whose declared aim was to sacked houses looking for Ligue lead­ workers. As part of this campaign, demonstrators fought back. Before incite racial hatred, the French ers. The dragnet managed to snare they scheduled a "mass" ·meeting for long, fighting spread to various other government makes its police forces about ·a dozen persons, several of June 21, to be held in the Mutualite sections of the Latin Quarter. the accomplice of the fascist gang­ them members of the Ligue's Central in Paris. In some places barricades were sters." Committee. All the leftist and antiracist groups built. The flghting lasted for more The PS U turned its offices over to Among those seized was Alain Kri­ in France demanded that the regime than four hours, during which time Alain Krivine to hold a press con­ vine, the Ligue's general secretary. enforce its own laws forbidding racist many incidents occurred that were ference at which he told reporters He was taken into custody in the eve­ agitation and ban the Ordre Nouveau clearly not under the control of the about the police occupation of the ning of June 29 and has been charged meeting. The government refused. organizers of the demonstration. In Ligue's headquarters. under the "antiwrecker" law with re­ In light of government inaction, the the course of the battle several police sponsibility for violent incidents that Ligue Communiste and a number of were badly injured. Police sources re­ Also present at the press conference occurred June 21 during a clash be­ other far-left organizations (la Cause ported June 21 that seventy-three in the PS U headquarters was Michel tween antifascist demonstrators and du Peuple [People's Cause], Revolu­ police had been hurt, sixteen of them Rolant, a member of the national bu­ police who were protecting a fascist tion, the Alliance Marxiste Revolution­ requiring hospitalization; nine police reau of the CFDT (Confederation meeting at the Mutualite in Paris. naire [Revolutionary Marxist Al­ were seriously burned by molotov Franc;;aise Democratique du Travail­ (Under the antiwrecker law, one can liance], and five other groups) called cocktails, two of whom reportedly French Democratic Confederation of be charged with responsibility for vi­ for a demonstration to protest the fas­ were critically injured. Labor, the country's second largest olence that takes place in one's ab­ cist meeting. Other organizations, in­ trade-union federation). "The CFDT," sence.) cluding the Socialist party, the Com­ Rolant was quoted as saying, "does Also in prison is Pierre Rousset, munist party, and the major trade­ not believe in the politics of molotov a member of the Ligue Communiste union federations- all of which had Cops raid headquarters cocktails. But the holding of a racist The first step in that repression oc­ meeting against the immigrant work­ curred the morning after the demon­ ers is in itself a provocation. The stration. At about 6:00 a.m. June 22 powers that be must bear the respon­ some 700 cops appeared in front of sibility for the situation since they au­ the building that houses the Ligue thorized such a meeting." headquarters. The building was Most significant was the initial surrounded and police announced response of the Communist party. The through speakers that they intended June 22 issue of the CP's daily l'Hu­ to enter the headquarters. manite laid the main blame for the At that time there were twenty-five violence of June 21 on the govern­ members of the Ligue present. This ment: " ... The regime bears the main amounted to the normal defense guard responsibility in this business. It well left at the building each night and a knows that Ordre Nouveau is a fas­ few extra marshalls who had come cist organization that includes helmeted to protect the headquarters from pos­ and armed shock troops. The Ordre sible fascist attacks. One of those pres­ Nouveau meeting had an open ent was P.ierre Rousset, the only Cen­ xenophobic, racist character and ·was tral Committee member on the scene. therefore against the law. While it was The Ligue members decided to let aimed essentially at the immigrant the cops in. When the police entered, workers, it also gave vent to anti­ they announced that they had come Semitic manifestations. Such a meet­ to search the place. They had no war­ ing should have been banned, as the rant of any kind. When Rousset de­ left organizations asked. manded his right-recognized under "By authorizing the meeting and by French law- to accompany the police granting Ordre Nouveau police pro­ on the search, he was refused. The tection, the government indulged in twenty-five Ligue members were held a deliberate provocation." Headquarters of Ligue Communiste after the police 'search' on the morning of June in a room while the cops ransacked 22. Ligue members present were held while cops ransacked offices. the headquarters, destroying litera­ By the weekend after the June 21 ture, throwing typewriters on the floor, demonstration, it was becoming clear and so on. that the regime was preparing a big Central Committee. His crime was to asked the regime to ban the Ordre The pollee later announced that they repressive move. At a press conference have been present in the Ligue's head­ Nouveau meeting- were invited to co­ had found "arms." These, as it turned held June 24, Ordre Nouveau head quarters on June 22 when it was ran­ sponsor the demonstration, but they out, consisted of bars and sticks, and Alain Robert demanded that the gov­ sacked by police. declined to do so. some molotov cocktails. In addition, ernment outlaw the Ligue Communiste But the regime's repression has not Ordre Nouveau's usual "practice pro<;eeded unopposed-far from it. A when holding public assemblies has broad spectrum of political organiza­ been to turn the meeting hall into tions have declared themselves op­ an armed camp. This time was no Divisions among police posed to the ban and in solidarity different. In the morning and early "Some police assert that they were believe, too many incoherent orders, with the Ligue. Most important, the afternoon of June 21, the fascists be­ victims of manipulation" read a head­ false reports, and carelessness in inter­ Socialist party and the Communist gan delivering weapons to the Mu­ line on the first page of the June 30 pretation and utilization of intellir party have issued statements in sup­ tualite. Truckloads of people drove Le Monde. The article began: "Some gence." port of the Ligue's democratic rights up and unloaded iron bars, sticks, days after the incidents that followed Feelings on the part of the police and have acted on those statements. and molotov cocktails. the June 21 Mutualite meeting of the that they had been set up by their It was undoubtedly this initial sup­ The police, who were present, merely far-right movement Ordre Nouveau, leaders to sustain heavy injuries broke port that induced the regime on June observed, functioning in effect as a in the course of which seventy-one dramatically onto the front pages of 30 to release all the Ligue members defense guard enabling the Ordre members of the forces of order were French newspapers when Marcellin arrested in the June 29 dragnet with Nouveau goons to turn the Mutualite injured, various organizations of went to visit one of the cops who was the exception of Krivine. into a fortress. Paris police assert that they are certain seriously burned in the June 21 events. In an attempt to make the banning The antifascist counterdemonstra­ that the turn of events during the con­ "You see before you, Mr. Minister," of the Ligue appear just and reason­ tion was estimated as being as high frontations that night did not occur the injured policeman said, "a victim able, the regime simultaneously out­ as 4,000 strong. Anticipating that the just by accident: there had been, they of your policy." lawed the neofascist group Ordre Nou- Ordre Nouveau goons would be

4 ...Paris Continued from first page illegal acts. Krivine, who faces a maximum sen­ tence of five years in jail, was charged in connection with the injuries to police that occurred in the course of an anti­ fascist demonstration June 21. How­ ever, he was· not even present in Paris the day or the night of the demonstra­ tion. Krivine is being held in "preventive detention" and is being interrogated by the authorities. If he is not freed provisionally before July 14, he will be kept in jail until at least mid­ September (all judges in France take Paris June 21. Street fighting between cops and demonstrators protesting racist meeti'ng of neo-fascist Ordre Nouveau. off two months for the vacances gove~nment used events as pretext for arresting leaders of Ligue Communiste and outlawing the organization. judiciares Uudicial vacations], during which all important court proceedings come to a halt). and arrest Alain Krivine under the "This vicious decree will perhaps fill of its policies and is casting about Although the government also antiwrecker law. up a few prison cells. But it will not seeking a way out of its difficulties. banned the fascist group Ordre Nouveau (New Order) when it banned On June 26 Minister of the Interior prevent Trotskyist militants and their "The dissolution of this leftist group, the Ligue, it has taken no repressive Raymond Marcellin issued a virulent sympathizers-whom neither Nazi re­ which by a false symmetry the govern­ actions whatsoever against the fascist denunciation of the antifascist demon­ pression nor Stalinist repression have ment is seeking to justify with the organization. There have been no strators in which he made demagogic been able to break or discourage­ banning of Ordre Nouveau, sets a searches of their headquarters or their use of some of the uncontrolled inci­ from continuing to think and to act grave precedent for democratic rights members' homes and no arrests. In dents that had occurred on June 21. . . . . This is only the beginning; the and freedoms in our country. fact, Ordre Nouveau continues to op­ fight goes on." "Profoundly wedded to freedom and erate under the cover of the Front Reaction to the ban on the Ligue democracy, the French Communist Nationale, a coalition of right-wing supported Krivine's estimate that the Ban comes down party believes that after the powerful parties. measure would arouse widespread in­ On June 27, Prime Minister Pierre demonstrations of June 20 [against It is obvious that the French gov­ Messmer announced that on the fol­ dignation. All the far-left organiza­ repression], the fight for the defense ernment carefully chose the vacation lowing day the Council of Ministers tions declared their support for the and extension of freedoms must con­ period of July and August to launch would hear a report from Marcellin, Ligue. Civil liberties groups such as tinue to develop." this attack on the Ligue Communiste. who had recommended that the Ligue the League for the Rights of Man In an article published in the June During these months the universities be banned (and, so that the govern­ came out in support of the Ligue's 30 issue of Le M onde, Thierry Pfister are closed and much of the political ment might maintain ·a "balanced" right to exist. called attention to the novelty of the and social life of Paris shuts down. image, the Ordre Nouveau as well). But most significant were the reac­ CP's support for the Ligue: "It will The major test of how far the gov­ "Under democracy," said the Gaullist tions · of the Socialist party and the be recalled that a few years ago the Communist party. ernment plans to go in its attack o~ minister, "the rule is freedom of Communist leaders spoke of 'the leftist the Ligue will come July 7, when the thought, of words, and of writings. and rightist fascists,' making no dis­ CP ioins defense new issue of Rouge comes out. Rouge, But freedom stops at the limits set tinction. Now, not only do they find The Political Bureau of the Com­ formerly the newspaper of the Ligue, by the law, and as for acts, these a difference in character between the was not banned when the organiza­ must stop if they are in contradiction munist party held a special session far right and the far left, they also tion was. On July 7, hundreds of op­ with the law. It is not the words, but to discuss the ban on the Ligue. The come to the defense of the Ligue, even ponents of the ban on the Ligue will the acts of Ordre Nouveau and the June 28 issue of l'Humanite published while taking exception to the Ligue's be out on the streets of Paris asserting Ligue Communiste that concern us." a statement adopted by the Political methods and analysis. The Political their right to sell the paper. Also on June 27, Marcellin issued Bureau after its discussions. The Com­ Bureau of the CP moved toward this A publishing house, Societe Interna­ a decree banning all activities and munist party, the statement said, "has position in a series of articles that tionales d' Editions, headed by Pierre meetings of the Ligue, and of the Or­ always denounced the complicity the have been published in l'Humanite Frank, a long-time leader of the dre Nouveau. government has shown toward Ordre during the past few days- articles French Trotskyist movement, con­ The ban was declared on June 28. Nouveau. aimed at· proving that the police in tinues to operate. The headquarters of The "legal'' basis for it is a 1936 law, "The French Communist party pro­ . fact had set a trap for the Trotskyists the Ligue Communiste was in the passed under the popular-front gov­ tests against the dissolution ordered on June 21. The Mouvement de la building of the Societe Internationales ernment of the time, giving the regime against the Ligue Communiste. Our Jeunesse Communiste [Movement of d'Editions. Former members of the the right .to dissolve "combat groups party's opinion of the activities of the Communist Youth], whose language Ligue have not challenged the ban by and private militia." The law also ultraleftist groups is well known. On is not marked by the same prudence the political level, it fights their a·d­ attempting to continue to use the name gives the regime power to dissolve as the Political Bureau's, did not even Ligue Communiste. groups or associations that "provoke venturist acts, which the regime uses hesitate to speak of 'the [regime's] de­ Opponents of the ban have formed armed demonstrations in the streets" as an excuse to attack civil liberties liberate organization of the June 21 a national Committee for Repeal of or that form armed groups or militia and to try to deal blows to the workers provocation.'" that attack "the republican form of and democratic forces and their orga­ the Decree of Dissolution of the The Socialist party's reaction to the Ligue, which will spearhead the fight government" nizations. ban was equally significant. On June to free Krivine and Rousset and restore Krivine responded to the ban im­ "The measure against the Ligue 29, after the dragnet against the Ligue to the Ligue its right to exist. The mediately. Part of his reply was re­ Communiste is part of the schemes of leadership had been set in motion, committee has appealed for statements ported in the June 30 Le Monde: the regime, which is aiming at in­ at a time when there was a warrant· of support and solidarity actions "This ministry of police-spies has tensifying the authoritarian character out for the arrest of Alain Krivine, throughout the world. Such expres­ banned the Ligue Communiste. This the Socialist party opened its head­ sions of protest can have a significant measure sets a precedent that threat­ quarters to him .for a news conference. ens the entire workers movement In addition to a significant section effect in embarrassing the French gov­ "Behind the pretext used- the anti­ of the Paris press, Franc;ois Mitterrand, ernment and placing pressure on it fascist demonstrations of June 21- the head of the SP, attended the press to revoke the ban. the regime wants to make the Ligue conference. Police, who were waiting pay for its growing role in the work­ at the door, declined to enter and ar­ ers struggles, in the mobilizations of rest Krivine in the SP headquarters. youth, in antimilitarist actions. For When the news conference ended, Mit­ revolutionists, this piece of brutality terrand left the headquarters along from the regime is a form of homage. with Krivine and the two, followed This act will not fail to anger millions by cops, walked away together. Again, of workers and democrats. It will add the police declined to take Krivine to the discredit of the caretaker regime. into custody, apparently fearing that "We launch a solemn appeal to all they might have to arrest Mitterrand organizations of the workers move­ as well. ment, to all democrats who will not It is obvious that Mitterrand's ges­ stand for seeing communists and as­ ture of solidarity could not have in­ piring Nazis treated the same: Or­ definitely postponed Krivine' s arrest. ganize in the field the necessary re­ But it is equally obvious that the sym­ sponse, and demand, thJ;"ough a mass MITTERRAND: An important gesture of bolic effect of the action was not lost campaign, the repeal of this measure! solidarity with ligue Communiste. on the Pompidou gang.

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 5 FRANCE: Ligue Communiste 'What hap~ned was the fault of the government' Krivine explains position of the Ligue From Intercontinental Press other places in the state apparatus and have appeared in Minute or other far­ trampled on the books. It was like [The following is a resume of the the police. Capital has both its legal right publications such as Ordre Nou­ something out of "Farenheit 451" [a statements made by Alain Krivine, armed gangs (the police and the army) veau. All this demands a firm response film that describes a police state where general secretary of the Ligue Com­ and its illegal ones (which it turns to today. all books are burned]. when the former are not enough). The muniste (Communist League, French 6. The struggle must be broadened. 9. And what about the weapons? It SAC, CDR, CFT, and ON have the section of the Fourth International) at We are not carrying on a private is not our policy to stock them. The a press conference June 25 (before the job of attacking and weakening the feud with ON, neither in Marseilles idea of guerrilla warfare today is ab­ banning of the Ligue) in the sacked workers and revolutionary organiza­ nor in St. Etienne. We have set an surd. But there was a reason~ a sim­ offices of his organization. Although tions. example. ple one. These weap-ons were brought all the Paris papers were represented, In the face of armed attacks, there It is the duty of the workers or­ to us ten days ago by an unknown only drastically abridged versions of is no effective "democratic" answer; you ganizations to continue the counter­ person. Provocation or irresponsibil­ Krivine's remarks were published.] have to organize for self-defense, even attack by organizing united action on ity? The persons who took these wea­ a nonexclusionist basis of all antifas­ pons were afraid they might fall vic­ 1. To begin with, let me make one cists. To this end, we make a solemn tim to provocation if they tried to thing clear: We are not for "urban appeal to all the worker and demo­ get rid of them immediately. They guerrilla warfare" or rural guerrilla cratic organizations. could have been seized at the door warfare, or anything of the sort. We 7. Finally, we direct ourselves to of the headquarters. They decided to do not think we can take power by Gerard Monatte, the leader ofthepolice wait to remove them. hitting the police one by one with union. The responsibility of the gov­ It was irresponsible that this was molotov cocktails. The revolution will ernment in the June 21 events must never done. But the two rifles (one not be 'made by 3,000; 5,000; or 10,- be clearly brought out. As for the dating back to the first world war!) 000; or even 100,000 demonstrators. policemen injured in the police med-i.cal were not hidden. Far from it; they We are not putschists. Only mass cars (in the Place de la Bastille and were in an accessible wall cupboard. action can put an end to the fascist the Boulevard de l'Hopital), the pic­ We treated this problem as a minor gangs. ture in Liberation showing our com­ one. 2. But you cannot avoid your re­ rades going to the aid of the police­ At some time or another all organi­ sponsibilities. As long as it is not too man and the injured person disproves zations (the SP, the CP, or us) are hite, fascism can be crushed in the the claim in France Soir that they confronted with such situations. Vir­ egg. We are young but we have better were in a sadistic fury. tually no one on the Political Bureau memories than the older people. We 8. As regards the sacking of our knew anything about it. do not want to see a recurrence of headquarters, four questions: We call for an arms expert to exam­ what happened a few decades ago. • Who made the decision for this ine these weapons (the rifles may not When fascism raises its head, there is operation? Why was the sentence in even work or the grenade that was one edition of Le Monde that said brought in with them, about which always the same reaction: Militant/Flax Hermes that the local police authorities knew "They are no threat, there will al­ Alain Krivine, general secretary of the we know nothing). nothing about the search dropped in ways be time to act, etc." Ligue Communiste. As for molotov cocktails, it is true And then one fine day it is too late. in the following edition? that we had a few. They were to defend No freedom of speech for racists • Was there a warrant? No. Did the headquarters, which was attacked and anti-Semites! And s.ince all the they do it on the principle of "hot only a month ago by Ordre Nou­ traditional workers and democratic or­ if you can't win without the participa­ pursuit"? Yes. But why, then, was the veau with molotov cocktails. The rest ganizations have failed to assume their tion of the mobilized masses. search carried out six and a half hours of the defensive material was nothing responsibilities, the revolutionists have 5. Racist and anti-Semitic campaigns after the end of all the demonstra­ but water bottles and steel bars. Every had to do it. are developing on a large scale and tions? organization has this sort of thing 3. What happened was the fault of in a hysterical atmosphere. One ex­ e The search was carried out with­ around its headquarters. the government. It was the govern­ ample is Grasse, where there was a out any witnesses. Pierre Rousset asked 10. Pierre Rousset has not partici­ ment that authorized and protected full-fledged pogrom against the im­ to be present during the search. By pated in any demonstration (not even the Nazi rally. It deliberately stationed migrant workers. way of an answer, they locked him in selling Rouge, which can also get its police [between the demonstrators There is the example of Nice, where in the guard room and took away you arrested) since he got his eight­ and the Ordre Nouveau (ON) meet­ the ON wanted to prevent any expan­ his trousers. month suspended sentence. This iswhy ing], making them at once targets and sion of the revolutionary groups. • Is taking hostages part of the he stayed at the headquarters that eve­ protectors of the Nazis. In the suburbs of Paris, Arab cafes law? Twenty-five comrades were ar­ ning. His arrest looks like taking a 4. ON is a little Nazi grouplet, but have been attacked in recent days. rested and fourteen charged just be­ hostage. We demand his immediate it is drawing strength from the devel­ Communist party headquarters have cause they were in the headquarters. release. We will wage a major cam­ opment of fascist tendencies, among been attacked. Anti-Semitic articles But they broke everything and even paign to win it. The Ligue- in forefront of all major struggles From Intercontinental Press workers. the 1969 elections. Running an intense law, a government measure aimed at The Ligue Communiste (Communist "This formation (the Ligue]," com­ revolutionary campaign, Krivine got intensifying the militarization ofyouth. League), French section of the Fourth mented the June 29 issue. of the Paris nearly 200,000 votes. Concurrently, the Ligue has been International, was founded in April daily Le Monde, ''has as its objective Since that time, the Ligue has been working to build itself a base within 1969. It arose out of a fusion of mili­ working for the construction of a rev­ in the forefront of all major struggles the working class. Its members have tants active in the Parti Communiste olutionary party of the Leninist type." in France-from the high-school and been involved in major strike battles, lnternationaliste (PC I- International­ The Ligue became nationally known univers-ity mobilizations to the fight including the big auto strike in Renault ist Communist party), formerly the soon after its formation when it ran against repression. This past spring and Peugeot plants last spring. French section of the Fourth Inter­ Alain Krivine, one of the organiza­ it was instrumental in organizing the The Ligue has also been active in national, the Jeunesse Communiste tion's main leaders, for president in massive struggle against the Debre the struggle against the reactionary Revolutionnaire (JCR- Revolution­ abortion law in France and has ary Communist Youth), and unaffil­ played a leading role in founding the iated young militants who had been Mouvement pour la Liberte de 1' Avor.­ through the revolutionary upsurge of tement et de la Contraception (Move­ May-June 1968. The composition of ment for Freedom of Abortion and the Ligue represents a fusion of the Contraception). long-standing cadres of French Trotskyism with the most advanced In the legislative elections last elements of the radicalization of the spring, the Ligue and Lutte Ouvriere, 1960s. another far-left group, agreed to sup­ The JCR had been founded in port each other's candidates. Between 1966 by a group of students who were them, the Ligue and L 0 ran 259 can­ expelled from the Union of Commu­ didates and drew about 300,000 nist Students for refusing to follow votes. the Communist party in supporting The Ligue has been especially active Fram;;ois Mitterrand in the presidential in the struggle against the fascist elections that year. JCR militants groups, Ordre Nouveau in the first played a major role in the May 1968 place, and has frequently taken the events, helping to spark and organize Militant/Flax Hermes lead in organizing united actions in the student protests that triggered the France, May-June 1968. French Trotskyists played major role in leading student pro­ defense of the far left and the mass general strike of 10 million French tests that led to general strike of 10 million workers. movement.

6 Growers under gressure from strike. boycott United Farm workers Union resisting stepped-up attacks by Teamster goons By MIGUEL PENDAS Farm Workers were on strike because COACHELLA, Calif., July 2-The ef­ they were "too lazy to work," and fectiveness of the strike and boycott that they were "living off welfare" by by the United Farm Workers Union collecting strike benefits. was made clear here when wholesale At the Moreno ranch, I heard one grape prices fell to a new low. And of the goons say over a loudspeaker, as the difficulties of the growers in­ "If you like Mexican unions so much, crease, violence against ·strikers by why d.on't you go back to Mexico." Teamster goons continues. As part of the "sweetheart" deal On the night of June 27, shots were signed with grape growers, the Team­ fired into the home of UFW leader ster bureaucrats promised there would Ray Huerta. Union President Cesar be plenty of workers and that the Chavez was in the house at the time. strike would be smashed. Police found five empty .45-caliber Now it is becoming clear that the shells nearby. strike is having a significant impact. In addition to the physical assaults, This is why the Teamster officials the Teamster goons direct vicious rac­ have stepped up physical attacks on ist and sexist insults at strikers. Some­ UFW members. times as many as 50 to 7 5 goons There have been many incidents of will gather at a single ranch. At the individual UFW members being at­ Peters Ranch I saw an especially large tacked both on the picket lines and group of these gorilas, most of them in cowardly ambushes. Some farm from Teamster Local 692 in Los An­ workers have had their car windows geles. They carried a large American smashed. flag and a couple of smaller flags However, the Teamsters' outrage­ Militant/Miguel Pendas saying, "Bye, bye, blackbird," refer­ ous behavior has brought an unfa­ Farm worker pickets call on workers to join strike at Coachella grape field ring to the UFW symbol, the black vorable public response. An article Aztec eagle. The Teamster flags de­ in an area paper, the Riverside Daily pict the eagle with a bleeding, broken Enterprise, pinned the blame for the ing," as one UFW staffer put it. Workers Union, and the Teamsters wing. violence directly on top officials of The UFW scored a legal victory have simply joined in a conspiracy I heard one Teamster goon say the the Western Conference of Teamsters, when a superior court in Indio, Calif., with the growers to deny them their including Ralph Cotner and his su­ issued an injunction prohibiting choice. perior, William Grami. Teamster goons from coming any If the supermarket industry is se­ The Enterprise interviewed a former closer than 60 feet to Farm Worker rious about favoring elections, why Teamster goon who was recently fired. picket lines. don't they refuse to carry scab pro­ He was one of the few Chicanos used Police have begun arresting Team­ duce until the Teamsters and growers as goons by the Teamsters. sters violating the injunction without agree- as the UFW . already has­ Just before the escalated violence be­ necessarily arresting the victims as to hold such elections? gan, this ex-goon testified, Cotner told well. Instead, the markets are palming his crews, "We're gonna, fron:t now In another significant development, off a crop of sour grapes on their on, not wait for them to come to us. the Food Employers Council, which customers. The low-quality crops with We're gonna go at them, and we're represents most of the supermarket an insufficient sugar content have been gonna run the Chavistas out of town." owners in Northern California, took caused by unseasonable preharvest In a June 28 editorial, the· Enter­ out ads in newspapers throughout the weather and the inability of the grow­ prise tried to blame the violence on state, calling on Teamster President ers to recruit sufficiently experienced both Teamsters and Farm Workers, Frank Fitzsimmons, AFL-CIO head strikebreakers. but was forced to conclude that "when George Meany, and Chavez to conduct The Farm Workers have commis­ assigning the preponderance of blame elections by secret ballot among farm sioned independent laboratories to test for the violence, the Teamsters and workers. " grapes that have already reached the the private army it has brought in However, the ad reeks of hypocrisy. supermarkets. In case after case, they w~n hands down." It attempts to portray the supermarket have found that the grapes do not It has been the policy of the River­ chains as innocent victims caught in meet federal standards for sugar con­ sfde County sheriff's department to the cross fire between two rival unions. tent, and are thus being sold illegally. arrest people from both sides when­ But it has been clearly established An injunction is being sought by the ever an attack occurs. "They arrest by now that this is not the case. The union to prevent these sour scab Militant/Miguel Pendas the Teamsters for assault, then they farm workers have many times ex-· grapes from being shipped. Teamster thug holds anti-UFW flag arrest the Farm Workers for bleed- pressed their preference for the Farm Continued on page 22 Farm workers strikes spread in California By JOSE G. PEREZ deadly weapon. In addition, all the In an attempt to save the strawberry 26 workers were rehired. But shortly COACHELLA, Calif. c-As the strike goons have been charged with con­ crop the Security Farms lettuce-thin­ after, the bureaucrats changed their in this valley continues in full swing, spiracy to commit a felony. ning crews were pulled out of the let­ tune, saying that the strikers would the struggle between the United Farm Gallo Wine Industries announced in tuce fields and sent to pick strawber­ have to go back to work even though Workers Union and the agricultural Modesto on June 26 that it would not ries. As a result, the Security Farms the 26 were still out of their jobs. bosses of California has spread to negotiate any contracts with the UFW. lettuce crop is also being hurt. Why? They said the strike was "un­ ol}ler areas of the state. Gallo had signed an agreement with authorized." The workers then called Grape ranches in the Arvin-Lamont the UFW in 1967 but says it will now Another agricultural company in the in the UFW to help them organize - area near Bakersfield, Calif., are now negotiate with the Teamsters because area, Furukawa, offered Security the strike. becoming a strike focus. The Teamster that union claims to represent the ma­ Farms its workers to pick the straw­ bureaucrats have also signed phony jority of the field workers. However, berries. However, the workers refused agreements with the growers there. The nl)ither the Teamsters nor Gallo has and said they would go on strike UFW has more than 400 workers on agreed to the UFW's request for an rather than scab on the Security DOlores Huerta strike against all the area's products, immediate election. Farms workers. including grapes, and the struggle is Reverend John Bank, UFW infor­ In Salinas, Calif., 200 lettuce work­ to speak in N.Y. heating up as the grape harvest time in mation director, explained that the ers at Bruce Church walked out on VIVA LA HUELGA! Hear Dolores Teamster claims are untrue. He said this area approaches. June 7 in an attempt to oust the Team­ Huerta, vice-president of the Unit­ On June 28, a flatbed truck and sev­ that in mid-June the Gallo bosses sent sters union from the lettuce fields and· eral cars full of Teamster goons pulled Teamster "organizers" into the camps make Bruce Church sign contracts ed Farm Workers Union, speak­ up to a 200-member UFW picket line where the Gallo workers live, but that with the UFW. ing on "The UFW: A struggle for at a grape ranch 20 miles from the workers refused to listen to the The strike occurred when Teamster survival." Fri., July 27, 8 p.m., Bakersfield. The goons attacked the Teamster fakers and demanded that union officials refused to defend 26 St. Gregory's Church, 144 W. 90th picketers with clubs, lead pipes, chains, they leave the camps. workers who had been fired .. They St. {between Amsterdam and Col­ and other weapons. At least four pick­ were fired after they refused to cut umbus Avenues}. Donation $1. eters were hospitalized, including a In the valley of Santa Maria, the Se­ lettuce in fields where, under prevail­ 60-year-old man who suffered a pos­ curity Farms strawberry fields are ing piecework rates, they would have Ausp. Brooklyn, Upper West Side, sible skullfracture. being struck by the workers, and the made only $1 an hour. and Lower Manhattan Militant Fo­ Thirty Teamster goons were arrested berries are rotting on the ground. The When the walkout first occurred the rums. For more information call and booked on charges ranging from growers themselves have admitted that Teamster bureaucrats told the work­ {212} 982-4966. disturbing the peace to assault with a production has fallen off 30 percent. ers they would make sure that the

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973_ 7 Nixon gets assist in S.E.Asia. Mideast nev (France has large investments in U.S. bombing. e Continual victories of the Cam­ Cambodia dating back to the long Sihanouk's statement is also the first bodian rebels have convinced U.S. Sihanouk= period of French rule over all Indo­ indication from official sources that military authorities that the situation china.) Hanoi and Peking are taking part is in grave jeopardy. The Pentagon "Prince Sihanouk," according to in the secret pressure to settle thew ar is faced with a deepgoing civil war in u.s.-soviet Kamm, "said the goal of the United Cambodia. without toppling the Lon N ol regime. States, the Soviet Union and France Sihanouk's remarks were dotted "The point is simple," a former CIA deal on was to separate the Khiner Rouge "with frequent references to worry over expert on Cambodia wrote in the June movement from him and to enlist the deliveries of ammunition donated by 29 New York Times. "The Cambodian support of China and North Vietnam China and transported by North Viet­ Communists have outfought, outre­ cambodia for a political settlement. He said: nam and an undercurrent of concern cruited and outorganized the central '"The only contacts there are are Government. Helped at first by the By DICK ROBERTS that Cambodia might be swimming between the Americans, China, Hanoi, against the tide of accommodation in Viet Cong but now on their own (ex­ JULY 1- Prince N orodom Sihanouk Moscow and Paris. We are not involv­ remaining the only Indochina nation cept for munitions), they have gained has accused the governments of the ed. It is a tragicomic farce."' the loyalty of more Cambodians than United States and the Soviet Union technically at war," Kamm_ said. Kamm continued, "Pressure for a have the allies of the United States." of having a "compromise plan" to set­ Sihanouk told Kamm that the rebel political settlement in Cambodia, e The deteriorating military posi­ tle the war in Cambodia against the forces had previously received support [Sihanouk] said, originated from a tion of the Lon N ol regime has sped rebel Khmer Rouge forces. Sihanouk from Hanoi. "'We must say how it plan by the United States and the up movement in Washington to seek charged that the Cambodian betrayal really was. In 1970 and '71 we had Soviet Union for a 'condominium' further aid from Moscow and Peking is part of a global U.S.- USSR agree- · the help of the Vietnamese. There were to "settle" the Cambodian rebellion. No ment. two things that were given us at my Sihanouk is the ousted Cambodian request. First, there was help to our chief of state. This is the first public young resistance. They helped us to charge by a high-ranking official that structure our people's army. the global detente between Washington "'And second,' he said, 'there were and Moscow imperils revolutionary naturally some North Vietnamese forces. Sihanouk's statement confirms units that ·helped us to face the great the warnings about the true character storm of May 1970,' referring to the of the Nixon-Brezhnev summit that American and South Vietnamese in­ have been advanced in the pages of cursion into Cambodia. 'But since the The Militant. second half of 1972 we are autono­ In return for the opening of widened mous,' the Prince said. trade with the United States, Brezhnev "Prince Sihanouk contended that promised to pressure revolutionary since the signing of the Paris agree­ movements around the world to aban­ ment, North Vietnam had scrupulous­ don anti-imperialist struggles. Fore­ ly obeyed the accord as far as Cam­ most on the list of place!l where Mos­ bodia was concerned and China had cow's behind-the-scenes bludgeon has respected her obligation as a partici­ been applied is Indochina. pant in the conference that followed the cease-fire. 'Arms and ammunition The "nine-point settlement" allowing Cambodian refugees fleeing U.S. bombs. NIXON & BREZHNEV: Planning a deal deliveries have been finished since the Thieu dictatorship to continue to Congressional 'doves' okayed further in Cambodia. January, 1973,' he asserted." rule in Saigon was wrested from bombing in 'compromise' with Nixon. Hanoi under Moscow's (and Peking's) SihaD:ouk told Kamm that he was pressure. making an "urgent request" through the Chinese and North Vietnamese Sihanouk made the statement con­ dver the world based on compromises embassies in Rumania for a "resump­ sooner had Nixon got Brezhnev's firming key parts of this analysis in everywhere trouble existed." tion of ammunition deliveries. He said summit statement on Indochina, which a June 30 interview with New York There can be little question that he expected to receive an answer on totally ignores the U. S. bombing of Times correspondent Henry Kamm Sihanouk's remarks were prompted his return to Peking next week," ac­ Cambodia, than Henry Kissinger was in Bucharest, Rumania. Sihanouk de­ by the summit meetings between slated to visit Peking. nied that he is engaged in negotiations Nixon and Brezhnev that took place cording to Kamm. "Kissinger's visit was believed linked with Washington to settle the Cam­ in the United States last week. At the with Washington efforts to obtain a bodian conflict. conclusion of the summit, a statement [On Friday, June 29, President cease-fire in Cambodia. It could lead was issued that could hardly have to a meeting between him and exiled Nixon told the U.S. Congress that been encouraging to the rebel forces "extremely delicate" negotiations were Prince N orodom Sihanouk," Agence in Cambodia or to other revolution­ Bombs to France-Presse speculated July 3. going on to end the Cambodian war. ary fighters elsewhere in Indochina. Meanwhile, it was announced that With this assurance the Senate extend­ The Nixon-Brezhnev agreement de­ ed . Nixon funding for 45 additional Nixon would meet with Huang Chen, clared: cambodia, head of China's liaison office in Wash­ days of U.S. bombing of Cambodia. "The two Sides expressed their deep See story below.] ington. Agence France-Presse reports satisfaction at the conclusion of the that Huang will fly to San Clemente Kamm wrote, "As for the govern­ Agreement on Ending the War and Kissinger on a presidential jet "to discuss pros­ ments said to be active in trying to Restoring Peace in Vietnam, and also pects for a negotiated settlement in bring about negotiations on a political at the results of the International Con­ Cambodia." solution, the Prince said they were ference on Vietnam which approved to Peking • For the first time in the war, a mainly those of the United States and and supported that Agreement. ... By ED SMITH majority of both houses of Congress the Soviet Union, aided by France." "They further stressed the need to JULY 4- The United States will con­ had voted against further bombing bring an early end to the military tinue its murderous bombing of Cam­ in Cambodia. It had reached a point conflict in Cambodia in order to bring bodia indefinitely under terms of a where every appropriations bill in the peace to the entire area of Indochina. "compromise" reached June 29 between Senate would be saddled with an They also reaffirmed their stand that the White House and Congress. amendment cutting off funds for bomb­ the political futures of Vietnam, Laos, Ostensibly the compromise limits ing Cambodia. The amendments and Cambodia should be left to the U.S. bombing to 45 more days- would force Nixon to veto the entire respective peoples to determine, free 45 days of the most grueling pound­ appropriations bills, threatening to from outside interference." ing of the Cambodian liberation forces bring federar finances to a standstill. I. Thus Brezhnev did not specifically in the history of the war. In fact, The Congressional stalemate was declare support for the embattled President Nixon announced upon leading toward a direct challenge of Khmer Rouge forces in Cambodia. signing the bill that he would ask Nixon's authority, no less severe in He did not even deign to criticize the Congress for new authority, if it is its implications for executive rule than 100-day U.S. bombing of Cambodia, necessary to "win the peace," when the the Watergate findings. which was taking place as he frolicked funding for bombs expires Aug. 15. Senator J. W. Fulbright, the influen­ with Nixon and signed this statement. The new bill does not stop the U.S. tial Democratic Party chairman of the The statement also continued to give from bombing elsewhere in Southeast foreign relations committee, declared cover for the ruthless military dictator­ Asia. Even as Nixon signed the bill, on the Senate floor June 29 that un­ ship in Saigon. the level of U.S. air attacks on Cam­ less Congress backed off, "the only And the statement was issued at a bodia was mounting rapidly. sanction we have here is to impeach time when the U.S. puppet regime in The White House-Congress agree­ him. And I do not think that is prac­ Afrique-Asie Phompenh was all but isolated by ment to continue bombing Cambodia tical. I do not recommend it. I know SIHANOUK: Denies he is engaged in the rebel forces and there was growing was reached amidst a flurry of devel­ of no other alternative." negotiations with Washington. opposition in Congress to continued opments: Congress was consequently faced

8 with an excruciating dilemma reflect­ is a question of which strategy will and recognition of the Israeli settler even mentioned; and instead of speak­ ing deepening disagreements in the achieve the results we seek. . . . " state through a negotiated settlement ing of the "rights" of the Palestinian ruling class. How can the Cambodian The day before the compromise bill between it and the Arab regimes. people, it speaks vaguely of their "in­ war and the Watergate crisis be settled was voted, the Senate overwhelming­ Writing before the summit in the terests." Furthermore, the joint com­ without touching off a social explo­ ly approved-91 to 0-the appoint­ June 11 U.S. News & World Report, munique didn't mention the 1967 sion? "Had the constitutional crisis ment of James Schlesinger as Nixon's Joseph Fromm said, "whether [the So­ United Nations Security Council evolved and the vetoes continued, con­ new war secretary. The "doves" voted viets] are prepared to put pressure Resolution, which Arab governments sequences would have flowed far be­ for his confirmation despite the fact on their Arab clients to go into neg

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 9 In Our Opinion Letters

'Psychogenocide' in pnson the point of impact. With the various Watergate-type Here at this prison the psychogeno­ atrocities that we are discovering Solidarity with the cide program is called "Control and each day, the sabotaging of this Rehabilitative Efforts" (CARE Pro­ flight would surely not be beyond gram). The prisoners who gradually the Trick. But, it appears that conform to the rules and regulations Ligue Communiste! Skolnick's charges are incorrect of the sadistic guards are elevated regarding the flight. The following statement was issued by the Political Bureau of to a stage that allows more privileges. The Militant and its readers should the Socialist Workers Party in New York July 1. Of course, those of us who don't consider the above regarding the conform are left on the first stage, crash of the flight in question. which means that we will remain On June 28 the Council of Ministers acceded to the demand Bill Rowe in solitary confinement until we are of Minister of the Interior Raymond Marcellin to outlaw the Fifth Estate willing to cooperate. Ligue Communiste, French section of the Fourth International. Detroit, Michigan But the atrocities and inhumanities This blow against the French Trotskyists is a blow against perpetrated against us have failed the entire left in France, including the trade unions. By be­ to break our revolutionary spirits. ginning with what appears to him to be an isolated sector, They have only worked to steel and de Gaulle's heir, President Pompidou, hopes to dampen the temper our spirit to continue strug­ Reply to Irwin Silber growing militancy of the entire workers and students move­ gling to overthrow imperialism and Irwin Silber's letter ( The Militant, ment. If he can get away with it in the case of the Ligue construct socialism. July 6) seems to have·missed the Communiste, he will proceed with similar moves against other Each of you receive a strong but point. Whatever ignorance there is in North America concerning North sectors. warm abr'azo muy revolucionaria! A prisoner Korea is unlikely to be dispelled by To make it appear that the Ligue Communiste was not Illinois even the most careful reading of Kim being singled out, the council also ordered dissolution of Il Sung's biography. To prove the the fascist organization Ordre Nouveau. This has not fooled point, allow me to quote a para­ anyone. The Ordre Nouveau has enjoyed special relations graph or two from the book's with Marcellin's police and will continue to be shielded and SWP & anti-Semitism preface. protected as a fascist reserve. I came to consider myself a socialist, "It was no other than General Thus the most diverse organizations and personalities­ noticing the many injustices done to Kim Il Sung, the great leader of · including the Communist and Socialist parties-have issued minority peoples by the government the 40 million Korean people, declarations denouncing the banning of the Ligue Commu­ and its supporters. peerless patriot, national hero, niste despite deep political differences, in some instances, with I would like to thank you for your ever-victorious, iron-willed brilliant article on the Socialist Workers Party commander and one of the out­ the French Trotskyists. and anti-Semitism. I contend that standing leaders of the international Outside of France, expressions of opposition to the banning anti-Semitism is just as prevalent in communist movement, that in the of the Ligue Communiste and of solidarity in the defense our society today as anti-Black, anti­ dark days of national suffering when of its democratic rights have already begun to mount. Par­ Chicano, anti-Indian, anti-Oriental, even the midday sun and the full ticularly in Western Europe, demonstrations have already and all other forms of senseless moon had lost their luster, arose, been organized by the far left with sympathetic support from fascist repression. with the destiny of the entire na- a broad· spectrum of political tendencies. H.S. tion on his shoulders." Already sufficient evidence has come to light to inspire Los Angeles, Calif A page further: "The people of demands that the role of the police in connection with the our country have unrestricted love and respect for the General, praising provocative racist meeting staged by the Ordre Nouveau him as a legendary hero, born of June 21 be investigated. One of the questions being asked Chicago plane crash the spirit of the legendary Mt is why the Pompidou government decided to grant permis­ Baikdoo, who is capable of com­ sion to the fascists to hold such a meeting. This is in response to your article manding heavens and earth, an In Paris, with its bitter memories of the Nazis and of a in the June 8 issue of The Militant unrivalled brilliant commander who, previous generation of French fascists, the inflammatory slo­ concerning Sherman Skolnick's as it were, can shrink a long range gans suggesting racist violence that were used to publicize charges of sabotage in the Chicago of steep mountains at a stroke and air crash that killed Dorothy Hunt, the meetihg inevitably caused a big reaction. smash the swarming hordes of along with 44 other people. enemies with one blow .... " and At the meeting itself, members of the Ordre Nouveau arrived WXY Z radio news of Detroit hired armed with such "persuaders" as molotov cocktails, iron bars, so on. me to conduct an investigation into Silber to the contrary, this kind of chains, and similar weapons, which they have used in setting Skolnick's charges. The investigation trash is neither informative nor upon members of the labor movement in the streets in the disclosed: useful in educating anyone about the recent period. They were protected by a large mobilization 1) Of the various people Skolnick history of North Korea. Like his of police, who made no effort whatsoever to disarm or to claims had high cyanide levels, only mentors, Stalin and Mao, Kim can­ arrest fascists illegally armed in this fashion. the captain had a trace of cyanide. not afford to offer a factual, truthful The Ligue Communiste called for a counterdemonstration According to a professor at Wayne account of his regime's bureaucratic in the area of the meeting. The call was well received. Crowds State University the amount found misrule. Instead, he has been com­ in the body of the captain was not many times the size of the assemblage of fascists arrived. pelled to pay a team of hacks to a fatal dose. The fact that the captain extol the wonder-working powers of They did not hesitate to show what they thought of this had traces of cyanide and the other brazen attempt to give momentum to a new fascist move­ his mind and ideas. Instead of pilots did not is due to the fact that Marxist analysis, he offers a set of ment in France. Scuffling broke out in various places, being the captain did not die instantly. [Air dogmas and miracles stemming conducted in many instances outside the control of the Ligue crash victims often have cyanide in from a supreme leader and an Communiste. Here and there members of the police force, their bodies from inhaling fumes in incontrovertible source of revelation caught between the two sides, were badly injured. the wreckage.] - namely himself. In a broader context, the outlawing of the Ligue Commu­ 2) There is no evidence that any This disgusting cult of worship niste is another ominous step in an international campaign money or anything else was stolen Kim ll Sung has created is an from Dorothy Hunt on that flight. waged against the Fourth International by the most reac­ affront to any revolutionary; it has Skolnick claims that the money was nothing to do with the method of tionary forces, particularly the political police, in various parachuted from the plane by some­ countries. Among previous moves it is sufficient to recall scientific socialism or the equalitarian one entering the baggage compart­ spirit of proletarian democracy. the bans issued by the French, the U.S., the Swiss, the Austra­ ment through the lavatory. It is M.B. lian, and the West German governments against Ernest Mandel impossible to parachute anything New York, N.Y. entering those countries to lecture on economics. from a Boeing 737 while in flight. The Socialist Workers Party appeals for international sol­ And there is no way to get into the idarity with the Ligue Communiste of France. baggage compartment from the lava­ It asks that protests against the outlawing of the Ligue tory of a Boeing 737. 3) Skolnick claims that cyanide was A reader who sees plenty Communiste be lodged on as wide a scale as possible with placed in the food during flight. After a year or so of not being diplomatic representatives of the French government in other There was no food service on that able to see, I finally got a prescrip­ countries. flight. tion for glasses. After paying for Let the Pompidou regime know that the arbitrary actions 4) Skolnick claims that the crash the glasses I decided to celebrate of its political police do not escape notice internationally. was caused by a faulty altimeter and with the $5 I had left. Rescind the ban on the Ligue Communiste! :· that the flight recorder stopped 14 When I got home I read a letter Let's act on the slogan of the international working clas·s: minutes prior to the crash. To the you printed about the difficulty pris­ An Injury to One Is an Injury to All! best of my knowledge, and we paid oners have paying for subscriptions a great deal of attention to this item, to The Militant. It reminded me of the altimeter was not defective. The the last five years of my life, be­ flight recorder was recovered and tween 13 and now, out of which I conversations were recorded up to have spent four either locked up or

10 i La Raza en AcciOn! Miguel Pendas

on probation. Suddenly a six pack of Budweiser and a sirloin steak Chicanos confront NCLC didn't seem very important any more. In recent months a small sect calling itself social­ Puerto Rican control of their own communities. I decided I would celebrate by send­ ist, the National Caucus of Labor Committees The NCLCers consider such control "reactionary." ing the $5 to The Militant to help (NCLC), has been going on a binge of violent Some of the Chicanos began questioning them my once fellow victims know the attacks upon other movement groups with whom about the hooligan attacks that have been taking truth. Down with prisons (and my­ they disagree. place on the East Coast and expressed their disa­ opia). In Los Angeles, NCLC hooligans picked on greement with these tactics. Calling the Chicanos S. G. Enriqueta Sanchez, a well-known Chicana welfare "wishy-washy liberals," one of the hooligans said Forrestv ille, Md. worker and activist in the National Welfare Rights the NCLC will have to "destroy the rest of the left; Organization (NWRO). Since January, an NCLCer they're bullshitting everybody." "We'·re engaged in has been trying to force her to join something a war," added another. called the National Unemployed-Welfare Rights The Chicanos were angered by the racist Good coverage Organization (NU-WRO), which the NCLC created arrogance of these people. One woman said, "Who as a split-off from NWRO. do you think you are, telling us what to do? Whites I have really enjoyed reading your have never done anything for our Raza." paper for the past few months. I She has been harassed for some time by threaten­ especially like your coverage of the ing calls and visits from the NCLC. Then, recently, The NCLCers attacked what they termed her Chicano movement and the struggle three NCLCers barged into her office at the "narrow mentality." They expressed their utter con­ for justice by the farm workers. Huntington Park Community Center, pounded on tempt for Chicano groups and for those who Harry Ring is doing an especially her desk and screamed at her. organize Chicanos as Chicanos. "We say we have good job covering the plight of the "They said they were taking over the whole world the only way of organizing," they insisted. "Cut campesino and the deplorable round­ and I had to either join them or I was on Nixon's this crap that you [Chicanos] represent some up of the illegal aliens. Hasta La side," Sanchez told me. special interest group." Victoria! The three NCLCers told Sanchez that they would · The NGLCers derided the Chicano activists' con­ M.R. be back to hear her decision. Concerned, Sanchez cern for the plight of their people. "We don't have San Antonio, Texas contacted Chicano activists and other welfare work­ some humanitarian interest in brown people; that's ers, who came to her aid. These activists invited bullshit," one of them sneered. The Militant to be on hand for the scheduled When the Chicanos decided they had heard return visit. enough, the NCLCers were told to leave and On my arrival I found that a well-organized warned not to return. It was the right thing to do. 'Problems of everyday life' defense squad of Chicano activists was already These people should not be dismissed simply Your review of Leon Trotsky's Prob­ on the scene. as political lunatics. They represent a serious lems of Everyday Life (July 6) was When the NCLCers. arrived, they were obviously danger to the movement. Their use of violence mistaken in describing it as "a new, surprised and uncomfortable to see so many to settle political disputes within the movement expanded edition." Actually it is the people. They would have preferred to gang up has opened the door to right-wingers and cops, first edition of a book that is new on Sanchez when she was alone. About a dozen who also would like to "destroy the left." There so far as readers of English are of us filed into a meeting room, chairs were pulled is substantial evidence that these elements have concerned. up, and the NCLCers were asked to say their infiltrated the NCLC and have joined in the hooli­ The misunderstanding probably piece. gan attacks. arises from the fact that a 1924 col­ They introduced themselves as Cynthia Town­ It should be a matter of principle within the lection by Trotsky given the title send, Tessa DeCarlo, and Dan Goldberg. Townsend Chicano movement that using violence to settle Problems of Life in English has been explained that NU-WRO had been formed because political disputes will not be tolerated. We must incorporated into this book. But the NWRO was ''working for the government." She continue to unite to isolate the NCLC and to de­ material makes up less than 20 percent added that their creation, NU-WRO, was formed fend any individual or group that is a target of of the Trotsky text in the pres- to combat those who favor Black, Chicano, and their attacks. ent book. In addition, more than 40 percent of the Trotsky text has never been translated into English before, and another 10 percent has previous­ ly been translated only in England. National Picket Line I fully concur with your reviewer's judgment that this is a most impor­ tant book for students of authentic Frank Lovell Marxism. Trotsky not only was not '"t an "economic determinist" or "econo­ •=> mist." He also was not a "politicist," if I may coin a term for those who minimize, belittle, or ignore nonpo­ Another Teamster PR firm litical factors, elements, and forces in This week's National Picket Line is a guest column der, described by the Plain Dealer as the "dynamic the task of constructing a new so­ by Herman Kirsch. Kirsch was the 1972 Socialist director of the 36,000 member District 28 United ciety. Workers Party candidate for Congress in Cleveland's Steelworkers." Kender glowingly approves of the On a number of occasions in the 20th C. D. and is a member of Local 707 of the In­ tentative agreement reached by Steelworkers officials last decade, when interest in cultural ternational Union of Electrical Workers. with the industry to prevent strikes until 1977. This problems has grown among young "I'm. no better off now than I was several years agreement provides a 3 percent wage increase "for radicals, I have been asked why ago, though I'm making more money," says a young openers" each year, with a bonus of $150 in 1974. The Militant and "Trotskyists" in gen­ maintenance worker at Ford Motor Company's "The only way to revitalize (the very sick steel eral do not pay more attention to foundry in Brook Park, Ohio. The young worker industry) is to recognize that both steel labor and such problems. Whether or not the says he has been working long hours of overtime. steel management have a common problem," Kender criticism is fully justified, the new He is working seven days a week and has missed claims. He worries about the low profit-margin in Trotsky book clearly proves that no only one day of work in the last 100. the industry and believes that the no-strike agreement such criticism could be directed at Another worker, Chester J ozefkowicz, also a mem­ will help industry regain some of the competitive Trotsky himself. I hope it will be ber of the United Auto Workers Union, says, "If advantages it has lost over the years. The interview studied with special care by all who you took away the overtime, it would be pretty hard did not list Kender's salary. write for or edit, or aspire to write to make ends meet." He works a 10-hour day at One of the best paid labor leaders in the country, for or edit, the revolutionary press. ·the Ohio Crankshaft Plant. Jackie Presser, executive assistant and personnel George Breitman The Cleveland Plain Dealer has been interviewing director of Teamsters Joint Council 41, had nothing New York, N. Y. labor leaders and rank-and-file workers. What has to say about the Local 392 Teamster strike in emerged is a study in contrasts. Cleveland. The 1,000 Teamsters are now in their Automobile and steel orders are booming. Profits third week of strike for higher wages, an unlimited in both industries are rising. Complaints about in­ cost-of-living clause, and a master contract. Presser, creased living costs due to inflation have also been however, did defend his annual salary of $160,000. The letters column is an open forum on the rise. "I'm entitled to the salary I receive," he says. "I for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ "My take-home pay did not increase in three years," do a competent job, representing thousands of mem­ eral interest to our readers. Please says Edward Chepeus, a worker for 15 years at U.S. bers. And the lawyers and managers across the table keep your letters brief. Where neces­ Steel's Cuyahoga Works. from me earn hundreds of dollars an hour." sary they will be abridged. Please in­ In a recently completed study, the Ohio State Uni­ The U.S. Department of Labor has listed the dicate if your name may be used or versity Center for Business and Research reports Teamsters union as having the highest paid officials if you prefer that your initials be used that April payrolls were 13 percent above those in of all unions in Greater Cleveland. Perhaps the con­ instead. 1972. Yet the average steel worker knows that the trast between the Teamster members' wages with $350 take-home pay every two weeks is not enough their union officials', as well as the attempt of the to live on. Other workers, who may be earning far union bureaucrats to smash the United Farm Work­ more because of overtime, are also dissatisfied. The ers Union, is the reason why Presser is concerned result has been an increase in the number of strikes about the image of his union. He has hired the public in this heavily industrialized area of Ohio. relations firm of Bellamy, Abrams and Halbin to Among the labor officials urging members to sell the public "a new, positive image" of the Team­ moderate demands for higher wages is Joseph Ken- sters union.

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

As the rodents depart- President Nix­ Like crazy, man- Explaining a deci­ How about the White House?- Nixon on declared July 1-7 Safe Boating sion to bar long hair in Texas hi$h spiritual adviser Billy Graham says Week. school all-star football games, Coach he "would like to see the Ten Com­ Tony Simpson said American males mandments read in every classroom Just a little R&R-A Los Angeles'dep­ wear long hair because "they know of every school every day." uty district attorney who was fired for the females will like it. These so-called taking a juror to Las Vegas for a · males are in submission to the warped They might frre him- Governor Mar­ weekend while she was in the midst norms and standards of females who vin Mandel of Maryland was called of deliberations in a murder-robbery like to set the dress and grooming on to return nearly $1-million raised trial, says he'll fight to get his job standards for their mousey husbands, at a May testimonial. Critics argued back. "The matter," he complained, pantywaist boy friends and feminine that much of the money came from "has been blown out of all propor­ sons." He said Americans enjoy the persons who profit from their dealings tions." right to wear long hair because we had with the state. The good governor "real men" with "courage and sense firmly responded: "No. I wouldn't enough to kill our enemies on battle­ want to insult my superiors by asking It figures- According to statistics com­ fields all over the globe." them to take their money back." piled by Earth News from U. S. and UN data, the United States ranks twenty-fifth among nations in life ex­ Persistence pays- Studies indicate that pectancy, fourteenth in infant mortali­ the risk of incurring cancer or drop­ New merger pending?- The Univer­ ty, fourteenth in literacy, eighth in ping from a heart attack decreases sity of Southern California school of doctor-patient ratio, and first in mili­ significantly with each year of being religion is conducting a six-week semi­ tary power. a former smoker. nar on corporate responsibility.

Women· In Revolt Women in sports II One of the most common arguments used to justi­ they tried out for the local Little League in Connect­ out 15 boys, and qualified for a starting position. fy the abysmal funds, facilities, coaching rewards, icut. Robin made the team but was kicked out later The Little League headquarters threatened to with­ and encouragement for women in sports~ is that when they discovered she was female. draw the Ypsilanti charter if they allowed King to women simply aren't interested. Nothing could Jackie Fuller, 12, joined an amateur boxing play. be further from the truth. club in Britain. Club officials thought they had a The Ypsilanti city council warned they would When women's athletic programs are offered, champion in the making when just before a big cut off city support for the Little League if Carolyn women swarm to them. For instance, in Hills­ match they learned that Jackie was female and King did not play. She was finally allowed to borough County, Fla., a recreation department threw her out play, and the national Little League headquarters employee organized a slow-pitch softball team for The best proof, however, that women not only withdrew Ypsilanti's charter. The city council has young women between the ages of 8 and 15, called want to participate in sports ·but are willing to filed suit in federal court against the National the Little Leagueretts. In its first year, more than fight for their right to do so, is the increasing Little League, charging violation of the U.S. Con­ 1,000 young women turned out and were divided number of women who are challenging the male stitution. The case is even being discussed in Con­ into 68 teams. dominatio.n of the sports world. gress. A Dallas boxing coach organized a Missy Junior Perhaps the most famous is Billie Jean King, Pat Palinkas is the first woman to play pro Gloves (hopefully, these condescending names­ who helped begin the fight for equal pay for equal football. She won the right to hold the ball for Leagueretts, Missy- will soon be relics of the past), play in women's tennis. King is the country's top the place kicker of the Orlando Panthers. a boxing program for six- to 16-year-old women. ranked woman tennis player, an active supporter Maridy May Warder has become the first female It attracted 300 young women, more than had ever of the abortion rights struggle, and a feminist. member of the University of Washington Weight­ participated in the coach's boxing activities for She, along with Rosemary Casals and several other lifting Club. She placed third in the 114-pound young men. leading tennis players, broke away from the U.S. class in the recent Pacific Northwest champion · In Kansas, 14,000 women took part in four re­ Lawn Tennis Association because the prize money weightlifting meet. gional track meets. ratio was 10 to 1 in favor of the men. They started Women have for too long been the spectators and And where there aren't female athletic programs their own tour, the Virginia Slims. the cheerleaders- perfect training to stand decora­ provided, sometimes girls even pretend they are Then there's Caroline King, the 12-year-old who tively on the sidelines of history and cheer on the boys to be able to play. Robin Brunhuber and has caused quite a stir in the Little League. She men. Nancy Kail, both 11, pretended to be boys when tried out for the team in Ypsilanti, Mich., beat But things are beginning to change.

By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith History of an ~All-American City' The recent Chavis-Hicks trial in Wilmington, N. C., Local agriculture consisted of corn, rice, and The Civil War had a profound influence on grew out of a Black revolt against white racist cotton farming. Many plantations grew up, and Wilmington. violence there in February and March, 1971. That Wilmington became a hub of commerce in that The Union navy attempted a blockade of the revolt was not unique; the city has a long history region of the South. With large numbers of slaves Cape Fear River. But two entrances to the river, of white violence against Blacks. on the plantations, Blacks became the majority each guarded by a fort, made it difficult to main­ For its handsome record, Wilmington was of the population in eastern North Carolina. tain an effective blockade. Running the blockade honored with the All-American City Award after Whites lived in constant fear of slave uprisings. became a central activity in Wilmington, and huge local cops and the National Guard crushed a Black Their fears were heightened after Brother Nat profits wete available to those who were successful. revolt following the murder bf Martin Luther King Turner's insurrection in Virginia in 1831. When The city began to serve as the main departure Jr. in 1968. rumors spread that slaves planned to rise in areas point for agents conducting Confederate business The roots of this racist violence stem from the surrounding Wilmington, the militia was called out. with European governments. It also served as pre-Civil War era when Wilmington was the largest Both slaves and free Blacks were beaten and jailed. regional headquarters for the Confederate army's city in North Carolina. Six who were convicted of plotting insurrection quartermaster and commissary departments. Wilmington is located on the east bank of the had their heads chopped off and placed at various One of the crucial battles in the last months of Cape Fear River in the lower peninsula of eastern locations to serve as a warning to others. the war was the Union assault on Fort Fisher North Carolina. According to Chamber of Com­ After this episode, the city rulers enacted special in January 1865. One-third of the attacking Union merce records, the city was one of the largest laws to control Blacks, requiring them to be off army was Black, and many of these Black soldiers ports in the world for shipping tar, pitch, resin, the streets by nine o'clock. To distinguish slaves decided to remain in Wilmington following General and turpentine. From the late 1700s through Re­ from free Blacks, of which there were already Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865. construction, these products of the Carolina forests several hundred in Wilmington, all free Blacks Next week we'll examine the plight of Wilmington' were shipped to other ports for use in the ship­ were required to wear a badge with "FREE" Blacks during Reconstruction and the period follow­ building industry. ~>tamped on it. ing.

12 utlook A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS , A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

JULY 13, 1973

strous repression with which the mili­ There was unquestionably nothing tary dictatorship defends its existance. lifeless about Santiago yesterday, with Nilton da Silva was a member of hundreds of thousands of demonstra­ Chile the M IR in Chile, and fell as a new tors winding through its streets. Huge Che Guevara, a symbol of proletarian columns from the Vicuna Mackena internationalism. Cord6n and other sectors gathered in His death stirred the masses of the the hotbed of reaction- Providencia. left with indignation, and his funeral One could not tell whether the rattling Increasing mobilizations was a vigorous demonstration of a of windows was the result of the determination to struggle. The right deafening voices of the demonstrators called attention to the fact that he was or the trembling of the terrorized para­ a foreigner as proof that "there are sites inside their homes. foreign agitators." The UP tried to by the left and the right obscure this fact. The MIR, fortunate­ Thus the working class defended its ly did single it out, mainly through gains, among which it included the Within this confused context stands By Hugo Blanco one of its speakers, who spoke "in government that it had put into office. out the clear position of the Partido the.. name of the foreign members of Together with unenthusiastic chants Socialista Revolucionario (PSR- Rev­ Santiago the MIR." like "No to civil war," and "I stand olutionary Socialist Party), C-hilean JUNE 22- With the paradoxical Street incidents continued in San­ in line but, no matter what, I am section of the Fourth International, strike by the copper miners of El tiago and other cities during the fol­ sticking with the UP," could be heard which is denouncing the ploy of the Teniente serving as the starting point, lowing days, one of their prominent other, more vigorous chants, like "If right and showing how reformism is the past week has seen an increasing features being attacks by fascist the parasites want war, that's what aiding the right by qualifying the unfolding of mobilizations by the left groups, which assaulted the head­ they'll get," "How do you prevent or struggles of the workers for their de­ and the right. quarters of left-wing political groups win a civil war? By struggling and mands as ''fascist." Unfortunately, the The paradox of the Teniente strike and carried out other armed attacks. creating people's power," and "Create, smallness of the PSR's forces makes lies in the fact that although it is The show of strength by the right create a popular militia." a strike in which the _workers are it impossible for it to bring its position reached its high point with a demon- About one million persons gathered struggling for demands that defend to large sectors of the working class. their standard of living in the face It was in this atmosphere of con­ of the runaway inflation that is fusion that the march of the strikmg plaguing Chile, from an early stage miners to Santiago last week took it was branded a "fascist approach" place. This was used as a pretext by practically the entire left (mainly for the right, including fascist bands, the Unidad Popular [Popular Unity], to mobilize, claiming that they were and to a lesser extent the MIR [Mo­ taking to the streets "in support of vimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria the miners." The UP played into their -Movement of the Revolutionary hands by attempting to halt the ad­ Left]). This was a godsend for the vance of the miners and by calling right, which in October had already on the people to prevent these workers experienced how dangerous it was to from "taking over the government confront the working class as a whole, house." Fortunately, there were few but which now has an opportunity clashes between workers because the to divide the workers by supporting miners acted only in a defensive this and other conflicts condemned by fashion. Those who were really very the UP. There is no doubt that this active were the fascist bands. right-wing maneuver is facilitated by Confrontations occurred throughout the lack of sufficient political clarity the entire downtown area of Santiago, among certain sectors ·of the working where tear gas hung in the air. In class, such as the miners, who, by one of these confrontations, Nilton da not vigorously exposing the rightist Silva, a Brazilian revolutionist, was ploy, are isolating themselves from murdered. Da Silva had been forced their class brothers. to leave his own country by the mon- El Teniente copper mine Teniente miners vote to end strike On July 1 workers at El Teniente from other sections of the armed stration "in support of the miners" that in Constitution Square and the adja­ copper mine voted to end their 10- forces and was crushed in a few attracted around 80,000 persons. cent streets in the biggest demonstra­ week-old strike, accepting a peace hours. Along with this, in the parliament tion in recent years. In spite of the formula put forward by President The government said that 22 the right moved to censure three mini­ transport strike, there were many peo­ Allende. The settlement included a persons were killed, most of them sters, and the National party declared ple who came from outlying suburban bonus payment of $225 and a civilians caught in the crosslfire. in the pages of El Mercurio [a major shantytowns. Unlike earlier demon­ wage increase of $15 a month, At least 32 were wounded. Allende right-wing daily] that "in the light of strations, this time workers came with according to an Associated Press accused members· of the fascist justice and morality, no one is obliged their work vehicles- tractors, trucks, dispatch. group, Patria y Libertad (Father­ to respect or obey a government that garbage trucks, etc. The workers are still demand­ land and Freedom), of having has ceased to be legitimate." Its next Large crowds also took to the streets ing that 60 miners dismissed for participated in the revolt. Five move was to call on Congress to "con­ in other cities. occupying a radio station in the members of that organization sider the illegitimacy of the activity" Allende and Godoy, president of the town of Rancagua, near the mine, have sought political asylum in of the government. CUT, spoke in a much less lukewarm be rehired. However, the govern­ the Ecuadorian embassy. In response to this rightist escala­ tone than at the May Day demon­ ment has insisted that a commis­ Following the attempted coup, tion, the CUT (Central Unica de Tra­ stration. Among other things, Allende sion be set up to try these miners. a state of emergency was declared bajadores- Workers Central Union) had to pick up on the chants for The miners' decision to return throughout the country. The found itself forced to call a strike and "creating people's power," but he did to work came only two days after Chilean Chamber of Deputies has a demonstration for June 21. so by explaining that this should not be done in contradiction to the gov­ an attempted coup was put down refused to approve Allende's call Anticipating that the mobilization ernment. He threatened to ban Patria in Santiago. On June 29, about for a state of siege, but the attempt­ would be a success, the right had the 150 troops from an armored regi­ ed coup, coming in the wake of foolishness to call for a "strike of Chile" y Libertad (Fatherland and Freedom) ment attacked the presidential frequent warnings about "fascist against the government for the same and to bring to trial the leaders of palace and the ministry of defense. plots," appears to have strength­ day, urging people "not to leave their the National party because of their The revolt received no support ened Allende's position. houses," and "to present the picture seditious manifesto. of a lifeless city." Continued on page W04 World Outlook W0/2

and S. Stoyanovic, Communist mem­ bers of the faculty at the University Repression stepped up in Yugoslavia of Belgrade, have been repressed. As if by accident, at the same time, jour­ By C. Verla ers are being given a bigger role in nalists who previously had been pro­ the organs of decentralized power (at moted to their posts for their anti­ [The following article appeared in least at first), while at the same time, Soviet positions (like Marovic, Mos­ the June 8 issue of Rouge, weekly the League of Communists will again cow correspondent for Politika), have newspaper of the Ligue Communiste, become the monolithic transmission French section of the Fourth Interna­ today been demoted-for the same belt of real power. reason. Soviet aid, also as if by ac­ tional. The translation is by Intercon­ It is for this very reason that the tinental Press.] cident, suddenly dropped by millions main repression of various opponents of dollars worth of equipment. of this line is going on among com­ Formally, none of the main orien­ munists. The main leaders of the Slo­ tations adopted in the 1965 reform The May 31 Le Monde reported the venian, Serbian, and Macedonian par­ have been challenged. And the Yugo­ opening of a trial against another Yu­ ties, who are hostile to the centraliza­ slav leaders will continue to balance goslav communist, Danilo Udovichi, tion line, have gotten the ax, as did the aid received from the East with who is accused of "having ties with the Croatian leaders during the De­ aid from the West in order to keep the Fourth International." Based on cember 1971 purge. The "Tito letter" up a certain diplomatic balance. But· earlier trials on the same charge­ unleashing the hardening up was is­ the ideological concessions already the proceedings a year ago against sued and publicized in the name of made to the Soviet Union (in partic­ Milan Nikolic, Pavel Imsirovic, and the Supreme Presidium, even though ular, the silencing of any criticism of Jelka Klajcic, for example-it can be the advocates of a liberal policy were the occupation of Czechoslovakia, assumed that behind the formal still in a majority there. But the letter which, it has been officially declared, charge there lies but one reality: the was not ratified by this body until raises no problems) are the inevitable accused is a communist who opposes after the major opponents were corollary of the bureaucratic impasse. the regime. purged. Police repression is an expression of All the trials that have come down NIKOliC: A leader of the occupation of At the same time, there was the as­ this. But it will resolve nothing. during the past two years, whether Belgrade University by 40,000 students cendancy of the "veterans," old-line We add our name to the appeal for they be around charges of Trotsky­ in June 1968. centralist Communists, especially of­ international socialist solidarity that ism, anarcho-liberalism, pro-Westism, ficers in the army (which had re­ is now circulating against the repres­ or nationalism, have been marked by mained strongly centralized). sion that is hitting Yugoslav commu­ the same neo-Stalinist features: amal­ of which dozens and dozens of cases nists. gams are made by the prosecution; of corruption piled up in the courts, The ideological repression has been there is no real possibility for defense; a fair number of factory managers exacting. The magazine Praxis has Long live socialist Yugoslavia! there is imprisonment without trial. were deposed (in Zagreb there are just had its subsidies lifted. Its main Free the imprisoned Yugoslav com- This massive repression (there have about thirty factories that still have contributors, among them L. Tadic munists! 0 been dozens of trials) has occurred as no managers), and many small-time part of a political turn in Yugoslavia. operators shut down their operations The turn is the bureaucratic response throughout the country-they could of a section of the Yugoslav leader­ make more money in the West. ship around Tito to the social ten­ Despite official proclamations to the Intercontinental Press sions that their own policies have pro­ contrary, this new policy represents a duced. And the aim of the turn is to counterblow to the previous decentrali­ THE COMING CONFRONTATION take the League of Communists of zation and is in contradiction with the Where is Allende taking Chile? When the chips are down, where will the mil­ Yugoslavia in hand in order to make measures for protection of private itary stand? What are the organizations of the workers, peasants, and the left it play a role that it has gradually property that were part of the doing? What are their programs? What are the perspectives facing the Chilean abdicated since the break with Stalin logic of the 1965 reform. This new people? in the early 1950s: the role of bureau­ policy goes hand in hand with a re­ For the answers read Intercontinental Press, the only English-language weekly cratic centralizer of all social, politi­ turn to criticizing all theories about magazine that specializes on news and analysis of revolutia.nary struggles from cal, economic, and cultural life. the withering away of the state (Kar­ Canada to Chile and all around the world. This was the orientation laid down delj' s self-criticism, general critiques of Intercontinental Press: A socialist antidote to the lies of the capitalist media. in the "Tito letter" at the end of 1972 Djilas, the ·scapegoat for all devia­ Name ______that was sent to the rank-and-file or­ tions) that were put forward when de­ gans of the party and was combined centralized self-management was first Address ______with a call to the laboring masses instituted after the break with Stalin. to bring under control and denounce But the "dictatorship of the prole­ the "corrupt billionaires." This was fol­ tariat" that the Titoists want to re­ CitY------State ------Zip------lowed by a small-scale "cultural revo­ vive is conditioned by the history of lution" (that's what the May issue Yugoslavia. It will be a pervasive bu­ ( ) Enclosed is $7.50 for six months. ( ) Enclosed is $15 for one year. of the French business magazine reaucratic dictatorship that will try Intercontinental Press, P.O. Box 116, Village Station, New York, New York 10014. ['Expansion called it), in the course to make it look as though the work-

French revolutionists hold workers conference On the weekend of June 9-10 the of the General Union of Senegalese Ligue Communiste, French section of Workers in France, who spoke on the the Fourth International, and the "Red conditions of the immigrant workers. Mole groups," circles of factory sup­ June 10 was taken up with reports porters of the Ligue, held a national· on workers' control and self-manage­ conference on revolutionary. work in ment The conference then went into the organized working class. workshops to discuss concrete prob­ The conference, held in Rouen, drew lems and experiences. In addition to 830 participants, including 50 from the workshops organized by branch of other countries. Five hundred had industry, workshops were held on been expected. There were 250 fac­ women workers, immigrant workers, tories in 65 cities represented, and the and antimilitarist struggles in the average age of those present was 26. army. The June 15 Rouge, the Ligue's On the evening of June 10, visitors weekly newspaper, pointed out that from Belgium, the U.S., Spain, Italy, the conference ''was well prepared in and Great Britain spoke. And on June advance; small preparatory pamphlets 11, Charles-Andre Udry, a leader of were distributed. They opened up dis­ the Swiss Ligue Marxiste Revolution­ cussion on the main points- strike naire (Revolutionary Marxist League), committees, wage hierarchies, self de­ spoke on the rise of workers' strug­ fense, workers' control, self-manage­ gles throughout Europe. ment Outlines of the reports were handed out in advance to make the Later, Alain Krivine, member of the work of the conference more efficient." Ligue's political bureau, spoke on the The first plenary session was ad­ Ligue's progress in building a revolu­ Workers conference in Rouen, the first of its kind organized by the ligue Communiste, dressed by Sally N'Dongo, president tionary organization. 0 drew 830. W0/3

World news notes

Committee formed to French atomic tests draw mounting protest Despite mounting international pressure, the Pompidou govern­ ment seems determined to carry out its planned atomic bomb test above Mururoa Atoll in the South Pacific. Strong protests have been defend ~Belfast 10' lodged by the Labour governments in Australia and New Zealand, The "Belfast 10"- the ten people ar­ Blatant attempts were made to dis­ and on June 22- the same day as a World Court decision urging rested March 8 at Heathrow Airport courage relatives and friends of the cancellation of the tests- Japan joined in protest. and later charged with conspiracy to defendants from attending the pro­ Both the World Federation of Trade Unions and the International cause explosions in London- have ceedings. On at least one occasion Confederation of Free Trade Unions have gone on record against now been committed for trial at Win­ all women visitors were subjected to the tests, which have provoked a boycott of French goods and com­ chester Crown Court following com­ a "strip search," and two days later munications by Australian and New Zealand unions. On June 27 mittal proceedings that lasted two male visitors were forced to undergo the British Trades Union Congress, following the action of several weeks at Lambeth Magistrates' Court. a similar procedure. Even the nap­ individual unions, called on its member unions to boycott the hand­ The trial is not expected to begin until pies of babes in arms were removed. ling of French goods, transport, and communications. during the September, reported the June 8 issue These searches were personally order­ first week in July. of Red Weekly, newspaper of the In­ ed by an Irish member of the British On June 25, the New Zealand cabinet chose Fraser Colman, the ternational Marxist Group, British Special Branch. Visits to the ten by minister of immigration, to sail aboard the frigate Otago, which section of the Fourth International. relatives during the lunchtime recesses is making a protest voyage into the test zone. An Australian sup­ Meanwhile "the prisoners must lan­ were made unnecessarily difficult. ply ship has left Sydney to rendezvous with the Otago, which was guish in conditions worse than those When these matters were raised in due in the test zone June 28. of Category A convicted prisoners." court, the magistrate, Sir Frank In the meantime, the French Foreign Ministry has released a The treatment of the Belfast 10 be­ Milton, said they were "outside his White Paper assuring that "all precautions have been taken to pre­ tween March 8 and March 12, when jurisdiction as they concerned security vent damage to the population and to the world fauna and flora." they were charged, gives some indi­ issues." cation of how the government plans On May 20, nearly 1,000 persons Riots and strikes reported in Ukraine to deal with them later. Nine of the marched from Clapham Common to ten were kept completely unclothed in Brixton Prison to demand the release News filtering out of the Soviet Union little by little over the past year indicates that there has been a significant new outbreak of workers struggles in the south of the Ukraine, one of the most· important industrial regions of the Soviet Union. In June 1972, 10,000 "rioters" took to the streets for two days in Dneprodzerzhinsk, a city of 270,000. The insurgents, many of whom were women, attacked and partially destroyed the offices of the KGB (political police) and the MVD (Ministry of the Interior). They destroyed all the political documents they could find, some files were burned, and portraits of Brezhnev and other leaders were torn up and destroyed. According to reports, the insurgents then took over the offices of the party and of the Komsomol (Young Communists); there also many documents were destroyed. The KGB and the militia opened fire on the people, killing about a dozen and wounding about 100. According to some reports, the riot began when several young persons were arrested after having an argument with a militiaman. According to "official circles," the events broke out when two drunks were arrested while a third man was trying to take them home. One of the two arrested then struck a match that set fire to the KGB headquarters! In Dnepropetrovsk, one of the largest industrial cities of the Soviet Union, strikes demanding a rise in the standard of living took place last September and were repressed at the cost of many dead and wounded: A month later, riots again broke out in the city, demand­ ing better provisioning, better living conditions, and the right to choose a job instead of having it imposed. At the same time, new violent incidents took place at Dneprodzer­ zhinsk. More people were killed and there was a wave of arrests. These riots and strikes came at the same time that the Soviet bureau­ cracy was conducting mass arrests of Ukrainian oppositionists struggling against the Kremlin's nationalities policy.

Supporters of the Irish struggle march in Britain Red Mole Danish parliament votes abortion law Following many months of lively debate, the Danish Folketing (parliament) adopted Justice Minister K. Axel Nielson's proposed Ealing police station. The police il­ of the ten. A regular picket is held law on abortion May 24. The vote was ninety-five to fifty-six. legally denied solicitors and the every Saturday outside the prison, The law, which will take effect in October, gives women the right mother of two of the women prison­ organized by the Belfast 10 Defence to interrupt a pregnancy through the twelfth week. Abortions can ers the right to see them. At present, Committee, set up after the arrests on also be obtained after that point, but only after permission is granted two of the three women prisoners are the initiative of the Anti-Internment by the Danish Maternity Welfare Board. Its decision can be ap­ held in Brixton, a male prison. This League. pealed. is entirely without precedent. The defense committee has or­ The law retains the requirement that women under eighteen years The ten were held for more than two ganized a roster of persons willing to of age have parental consent, although this requirement can be months under maximum security visit the prisoners, both to ensure waived under certain conditions. before the committal proceedings regular visits for each prisoner, and to As the law was passed, some twenty-odd priests and preachers opened. Massive security measures keep track of breaches of regulations in full religious garb staged a protest meeting outside the parlia­ were taken both inside and outside the by the prison authorities, who are be­ ment building. They chanted, "Father, forgive them, for they know Lambeth Court. Armed police were ing obstructive in the matter of visits. not what they do." About fifty persons, most of them from the press, placed on the roof of the court build­ gathered to watch the protest. ing; guard dogs patrolled the streets; The committee urgently needs funds A few minutes earlier, the clergymen had demonstrated in the all passing traffic was stopped and to pay for printing, hiring halls, pro­ visitors' gallery while Niels Nielson, a member of the Radical Left, searched; six coach-loads of police viding fares for relatives of the ten warned from the speaker's stand that passage of the law would were on standby; entry to the court­ wanting to visit them, and for sending mean that "the idea of Communism had won out in Denmark." room was restricted to a select few, food and books into the prison. It The clergymen called the adoption of the law "a blacker day th·an who were required to show documen­ can be contacted at 88 Roslyn Road, April 9" (the day Hitler occupied Denmark). They also demand­ tation to get in. London N 15. 0 ed a referendum on the subject of abortion, and promised that god would punish Denmark if the law were not turned down. At the last minute, former Justice Minister Knud Thestrup, a Con­ servative, had attempted unsuccessfully to gather the sixty signa­ tures of the Folketing required for a referendum to be ordered. Only forty-eight signed. World Outlook W0/4

CaP-italists turn to nationalist demag.QgY.. Venezuela: issues in the coming national elections [The following article is translated have been going through. by Intercontinental Press from the Nor does Nueva Fuerza [New June 7 issue of Avanzada Socialista, Force], which is made up of a bour­ the weekly newspaper of the Argentine geois split-off from Accion Democra­ Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores tica and the Communist party. In spite (PST- Socialist Workers party).] of the socialist slogans that the CP demagogically raises, its basic policy Venezuela is one of the richest coun­ is one of promoting class harmony. tries in Latin America. Because it is The only organization that could a big oil producer, for a number of be an alternative is the Movimiento decades it has been receiving an "in­ al Socialismo [MAS- Movement To­ jection" of millions of dollars, which ward Socialism], which views the con­ has transformed it from an agricul­ struction of socialism as an immedi­ tural country into an essentially ur­ ate task and rejects electoral alliances ban, capitalist nation. with the parties of the bosses. Its first But, on the other hand, it is also action last year drew between 20,000 one of the poorest countries on the and 30,000 compafleros who wanted continent. It suffers from a tremendous to support a socialist approach as and increasing number of persons an alternative to the old and corrupt who are "permanently unemployed": bourgeois and reformist parties. Its Of the thousands of young people who candidate is J. V. Rangel, an indepen­ Drilling for oil in lake Maracaibo, Venezuela should be joining the work force each dent deputy with an outstanding rep­ year, more than half cannot find a utation as a fighter in the struggle job. Caracas, the capital, is a micro­ from 1,000 to 38,000. that "no negotiations or conversations against repression. cosm of this stark reality. Its impres­ The student movement, which has of any kind are under way," but the Alongside these positive points, there sive superhighways, its tall sky­ a great tradition of struggle, is not [U.S.] State Department itself revealed are a number of dangerously unclear scrapers and modern automobiles silent either. One conflict after another that secret negotiations between the aspects to the MAS. Its propaganda cannot hide the miserable slums sur­ is occurring among the secondary two governments have been carried is not tied to conflicts that are oc­ rounding it in which thousands of school students. Less than two months on since 1972. curring on a daily basis, and it is workers and jobless people live in ago, Caracas was the scene of a dem­ Once again the national bovrgeoisie not clearly emphasizing the decisive flimsy tin and cardboard shacks, in­ onstration by 10,000 students. And has shown itself incapable of putting role of the workers in the battle for securely attached to the hillsides- un­ recently, during the visit of [U.S. Sec­ up a serious confrontation with its power and the building of socialism. retary of State William] Rogers, new til a tropical rain washes them away. imperialist partners. Even the dema­ These weaknesses of the MAS du mobilizations shook many cities for gogy of the Christian Democratic pres­ not justify the desertions of the ultra­ The End of Social Peace five days. ident, who displays more bravery in leftists, who are calling for people to words than in deeds, never even men­ cast a blank ballot, thereby aiding Bourgeois Nationalism Advances The entire country has been geared tioned the possibility of a break with the plans of COPE I and Accion De­ imperialism. The bourgeoisie knows to further the superprofits of the Yan­ The Venezuelan bourgeoisie is join­ mocratica to remain in the driver's that in any showdown it would be kee oil companies and a small group ing the general process that is going seat. the workers on one side and impe­ of local multimillionaires who pull the on in Latin America: the emergence An example of how revolutionary rialism on the other. strings behind every government. The of bourgeois nationalist governments Marxists ought to act in a process "social peace" that made it possible that are trying to maintain the cap­ such as the one Venezuela is going for them to enjoy their privileges was italist system by adapting to the new The Elections through is provided by the Grupo based on the total fragmentation of situation, reflected in an upsurge in Trotskista Venezolano [Venezuelan the workers movement (it is common the mass movement; superexploitation This is the context in which an in­ Trotskyist Group], which publishes to find three or four unions operating by Yankee imperialism (which does tense election campaign, scheduled for Voz Marxista. It is intervening directly in the same factory), the existence of not leave the local bourgeoisies with next December, is taking place. Two in the class struggle by supporting a caste of completely corrupt union sufficient profits); and increasingly bourgeois parties are fighting for the the mobilizations of workers and stu­ bureaucrats (who run the Confede­ sharp competition between the Yankee votes of the people. And although both dents and by putting forward a pro­ racion de Trabajadores de Venezue­ and European monopolies. Accion Democratica [Democratic Ac­ gram that begins with the national­ la [CTV- Venezuela Workers Confed­ In the past three years, the Vene­ ·tion] (representing the most "hard-line" ization of oil under workers control. eration]), and economic stability zuelan bourgeoisie has taken various of the bosses) and the Christian Dem­ And at the same time, it is intervening which meant an inflation of only 1. 7 steps along these lines: a new tax ocrats of COPEI [Comite Organizado in the electoral process by supporting percent between 1968 and 1970 (in policy, nationalization of gas, state por Elecciones Independientes- Com­ the Rangel candidacy in an attempt Argentina it was thirteen times as control over the domestic market in mittee Organized for Independeht Po­ to correct the deviations of the so­ high). petroleum by-products, and the "Re­ litical Action] (who toda·y portray cialist campaign, to present the work­ But the economy's present state of version Law," which provides for pe­ themselves as nationalists) have tfieir ers with an independent alternative, deterioration has prompted the work­ troleum plants to automatically be­ bureaucratic deputies in the central and to lay the basis for building a ers movement to react, impelling it come state property in 1983. workers union, neither has anything strong revolutionary, workers, and into struggle against the wishes of This general process is being in particular to offer as an alterna­ socialist party in the heat of popular the union leaderships. Within three dubbed "Democratic Nationalism" - tive to what the Venezuelan masses struggle and political polarization. D years, '1egal" strikes fell from 3,000 the equivalent of the "National Social­ to BOO, but "illegal" strikes went up ism" of the Argentine Social Justice [Peronist] movement. Repeated appeals for people to re­ main calm did not stop the masses Limitations of 'Democratic from stoning the headquarters of Pa­ Nationalism' ... Chile tria y Libertad and the Catholic Uni­ versity. These measures do not provide any Continued from page WO 1 A large number of the demonstrators thoroughgoing solution to the Vene­ Godoy spoke of the need to central­ carried clubs or "spear.s" without at­ zuelan crisis, although it is obvious ize the distribution and supply of food. tempting to conceal them. that this policy is not the same as The UP press is reprinting Godoy's The reviving of the masses of the the policy of handing over the na­ speech, but not Allende's. It could be left can also be seen in the occupation tion's wealth to imperialism that was that he said something that ·was not of various ranches by peasants in followed a few years back by Betan­ in the script in response to the gigantic Maipu, near the Cerrillos Cordon; the court. chorus with which the entire crowd take-overs were supported by the The limitations stand out clearly, greeted his speech. "Firm Hand! Firm workers in the zone. in, for example, the fabulous oil de­ Hand!" they roared. The criticism ap­ It is also worth noting that the Vi­ posits discovered not long ago in the peared to strike home, because he cuna Mackena Cordon is becoming so-called "Orinoco bituminous strip." began by stating that he had never more active. The Yankees want to be sure that used a gentle hand, and later on he In addition, El Mercurio was sus­ they remain under their control, and said that his was not a reformist gov­ pended from publishing for six days. that they go into production as soon ernment; yet he mixed this up with [An appeals court invalidated the clo­ Voz Morxisto as possible; they are demanding guar­ charges that the right had "branded (!] sure, enabling the newspaper to re­ RANGEl (r): A working-class alternative antees for the capital ·that will have his government as Marxist without sume publication on June 23, after in the Venezuelan elections. to be invested. The government stated respect to the military ministers." not coming out for one day.] D Can Nixon remain silent asW'gate crisis mounts?

By CINDY JAQUITH Nixon could respond to the Dean "the country will probably be presided mittee or the grand jury investigating Watergate, as well as any written state­ JULY 4-"... rarely if ever in the charges, but like Ervin, he under­ over for the next three years and more by a paraplegic President." ment from the president on the Dean long march of American history ... scored the determination of the com­ One indication of what is bugging charges. has the nation been so shaken by mittee to get an answer out of the many capitalist politicians is the latest In a further retreat from the public, doubt and uncertainty directly affect­ president one way or the other. "... Gallup poll, showing that two-thirds Ziegler said Nixon will not even hold ing its topmost leadership, its most re­ as we say in Tennessee, there are lots of the American people believe that at a news conference- on any subject­ vered institutions and the very struc­ of ways to skin a cat," he observed. least some members of Congress used until the first phase of the hearings ture of its democratic government. Conceding the "extraordinary" na­ ture of the request that the highest of­ "unethical and illegal" means to get end. It has already been more than This is the real meaning of Watergate," ficial in the country prove his inno­ elected. Twenty percent of those sur­ three months since Nixon has dared said the New York Times editorial cence of serious crimes, the July 1 veyed think that half or more of Con­ to appear before the press. today. New York Times insisted "neither the gress got into office through crooked Reporter John Herbers, writing from Nixon so far has made no credible nation nor its First Citizen will be able methods. San Clemente, Calif., in the July 3 effort to refute the charges leveled to rest" until "Richard M. Nixon tells The implications of this poll are New York Times, painted a picture against him by ex-White House coun­ what he knew and when he knew it, surely not lost on the Senate Water­ of Nixon in almost total isolation: sel John Dean. Testifying before the tells it under oath and responds to the gate committee itself, as well as every "President Nixon has been here since Senate Watergate committee, Dean ac­ most exhaustive interrogation that as­ other Democratic and Republican June 22 and has not left the Presi­ cused the president of wliolesale viola­ sembled legal minds can provide." officeholder. dential compound except to see off tions of the U. S. Constitution, bribery, This deep lack of confidence in all the Soviet leader, Leonid Brezhnev burglary, and obstruction of justice. levels of capitalist government has se­ . .. on June 24. He has worked in Senator Hubert Humphrey (D­ By the end of the week even Time verely limited the few remaining op­ seclusion except for brief ceremonial Minn.) joined the ranks of politicians magazine had to admit that "the grave tions left for Nixon. occasions." charges against the President had openly pressing Nixon to testify. The The statement released by White Columnists Evans and Novak por­ passed a point of no return." July 9 Newsweek predicted that "the House counsel J. Fred Buzhardt on trayed the scene back in Washington Dean's unshakable story forced Sen­ President would have to find some for­ June 27, branding Dean as the "mas­ this way: "the offices of senior Admin­ ator Howard Baker (R-Tenn.) to ad­ um, and soon. To stand silent now termind" of Watergate, was almost istration officials have been closed to mit to the witness on June 28, "I be­ was to invite the spreading suspicion laughed out of the Senate hearing rou tint:. . business, their telephones lieve the thrust of your testimony." that John Dean has raised questions room, forcing the White House to dis­ turned off for all but emergency calls, Baker, a staunch Republican, agreed that Richard Nixon cannot answer." own it the next day. and their office television sets turned with committee head Senator Sam Er­ What worries these spokesmen for Nor was Nixon able to push Water­ on." vin (D-N. C.) that the gravity of the the capitalists most is the erosion of gate off the front pages with the visit "Nixon's own party leaders may charges required some public answer confidence in the U.S. government as of Soviet leader Brezhnev the week be­ soon be confronted with the nightmare from· Nixon. a whole. The July 4 New York Times fore. choice of continuing to back a Presi­ Ervin said the "only reliable way" editorial pointed to this "crisis of con­ Now White House press secretary dent credibly accused of obstructing to determine Nixon's credibility was fidence," warning that it was danger­ Ron Ziegler has announced that Nix­ justice ... or of ending their support to question him under oath. He later ously affecting the government's "abil­ on will make no public statement of the party's and the nation's leader." told reporters he would "rather not" ity to deal with its most pressing prob­ about Watergate until the end of this One Republican senator has already have to subpoena the president to ap­ lems at home." Or, as columnist Stew­ phase of the Senate hearings, some­ made up his mind. "The President is pear before the committee. art Alsop explained it in the July 9 time in September. Ziegler ruled out no longer relevant," he told Newsweek. Baker suggested a variety of ways Newsweek, if Nixon stays in office, an appearance before the Senate com- "It's every man for himself now." Watergate and the Bill of Rights A central issue in the Watergate scan­ Chairman." in defining the power of the Presi­ dal has been the consistent violation Later, Ervin asked, referring to the dent, Section 3 of Article II, 'He'­ of the constitutional rights of the U. S. White House "enemies list," "Didn't that is the President- 'shall take care people by the Nixon administration. those in the White House interested that the laws be faithfully executed.'" This was highlighted in an exchange in President Nixon's re-election and The senator then asked Dean, "Do between Senator Ervin and John Dean then the re-election committee classify you know anything that the President that took place during the Senate Wa­ among their enemies people who dis­ did or said at any time between June tergate hearings June 28. sented from President Nixon's pro­ 17 and the present moment to per­ Referring first to the government's grams?" Dean explained, yes, "those form his duty to see that the laws secret spy plan, Ervin said to Dean, who were able to command an au­ are faithfully executed in respect to "I will ask you, as a lawyer, if you dience were singled out." what is called the Watergate affair?" do not think that surreptitious entry. And Ervin then summarized, "So constituted a violation of the we have here plans to violate the "Mr. Chairman," Dean replied, "I Fourth Amendment. . . . hasn't the Fourth Amendment, which were ap­ have given the facts as I know them Supreme Court recently held by unan­ proved by the President. ... we have and I don't- I would rather be ex­ imous opinion that the use of elec­ people being branded enemies whose cused from drawing my own conclu­ tronic surveillance and penetration to mere offense is that they believed in sion on that at this point in time." obtain information concerning per­ enforcing the First Amendment. ..." The 'senators didn't press Dean for sons allegedly guilty of subversive­ And in one last constitutional ref­ his conclusion. The rest of us, how­ of domestic subversive activities- is erence, Ervin put the icing on the ever, should have no trouble in re­ also a violation of the Fourth Amend­ cake. At the end of his examination, turning a verdict on the Nixon ad­ ment?" Ervin said, "Just one other matter. ministration: guilty as charged of vio­ Dean answered, "That is cor1·ect, Mr. Article II of the Constitution says, lating the Bill of Rights.

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 13 WATERGATE: Attacks on the Left New facts on 1970 terrorism C lA linked to attacks on L.A. radicals By DELLA ROSSA The three terrorists prosecuted by LOS ANGELES- During the spring Trott- Mario Pelaez, Reynaldo Cas­ of 1970, counterrevolutionary Cuban tro, and Reynaldo Gonzalez- have all terrorists carried out a series of armed been sentenced on charges of conspir­ arson attacks here against the Hay­ acy to commit arson for their part market, a radical meeting place and in the attacks here. Pelaez is serving bookstore; the offices of the Socialist a ten-month sentence in the Los Workers Party 1970 California elec­ Angeles County jail. Castro and tion campaign; and the Ashgrove, a Gonzalez were given sentences of one ~offee house that often made its fa­ to 10 years in state prison. cilities available to radical causes. Trott's assertion that the CIA was All three victims of these attacks involved in the terrorist activities was . were centers of activity during the corroborated by interviews with massive antiwar upsurge that chal­ Edward Gritz and Sergeant Charles lenged the U.S. invasion of Cambodia Loust of the Los Angeles Police De­ in May 1970. partment Criminal Conspiracy Divi­ Los Angeles Deputy DistrictAttorney sion. Gritz was the attorney for the Stephen S. Trott, who was the pros­ three gusanos. He says he was ecutor in the case of three of the ter­ aware that someone claiming to be rorists involved in the attacks here, from the CIA had approached a num­ has now revealed in discussions with ber of Cubans in Los Angeles in the this reporter that the terrorists had spring of 1970. "My clients were used Militant/John Gray been approached prior to their arson by someone," he said. "I know who The Haymarket, o meeting hall used by radicals, was totally destroyed in April 1970 raids by a man claiming to be with it is but I can't reveal the information." orson attock by Cuban exiles. the CIA. Loust revealed that a Cuban had When asked if he thought the CIA approached Los Angeles Cuban coun­ was involved in organizing the arson terrevolutionaries in May 1970 to ers, and Teamsters. to bring the three back to Los Angeles attacks, Trott said, "I wouldn't be sur­ "fight Communism and get Cuba The committee's purpose was to following the receipt of Howard's prised at anything now, after Water­ back." secure the arrest and conviction of report. Gritz now maintains they never gate. For instance, there is E. Howard Pelaez, Castro, and Gonzalez were those responsible for the May 27 left the U.S. Trott says he also doubts Hunt. His MO [method of operation] arrested while attempting to flee the attack on the SWP campaign head­ that they were found as indicated in was to lie to Cubans, saying they Ashgrove coffeehouse after the June quarters. The pattern of police neg­ Howard's deposition. There is no would get back Cuba if they helped 7, 1970, attack on that center. The ligence in the investigation was so explanation for the discrepancy be­ the CIA. It was a vicious, disgusting three pleaded guilty when they finally pervasive that it raised the question tween these two reports. business. came to trial on Dec. 19, 1972. Vic­ of police complicity in an attempt to In any case, the three gusano fugi­ "The Cuban exiles hate communists tims of the three arson attacks report cover up the real inspiration behind tives were finally arrested only in so much they would bomb anything that Pelaez, Castro, and Gonzalez were the attacks. 1972, when Pelaez converted to the that moved," Trott said, referring to only three of at least a dozen gusanos In the light of Watergate and these Jehovah's Witnesses and, according to the right-wing opponents of the Cuban who participated in the armed terror­ new revelations by Trott, this suspi­ Trott, confessed his role in the terrorist revolution, called gusanos (worms) ist raids. No one else has yet been cion seems to have been clearly mer­ attacks in a letter sent directly to Pres­ by supporters of the Cuban revolu­ prosecuted for taking part in the ited. The gusano actions were tied ident Nixon. The White House, Trott tion. attacks. to the Nixon "game plan" aimed at said, notified Pelaez of what he should The attack on the Haymarket, which attacking the antiwar movement fol­ do to make a formal confession. totally destroyed the place, occurred lowing the May 1970 upsurge. The April 13, 1970. Ron White, a witness Los Angeles police and district attor­ Following Pelaez's confession, a to the raid, was splashed with a caus­ ney's office appear to have been coop­ bench warrant was issued for the tic solution that burned his lungs so erating in hiding this fact from the arrest of the three gusanos. One was severely it was feared he would not victims of the CIA-inspired attacks. arrested in Connecticut and the others live. His lungs are permanently dam­ For example, following their arrest, in Miami. aged. Pelaez, Castro, and Gonzalez skipped Trott was also the prosecutor in On May 27, the SWP campaign bail. Official court records reveal that the case of two other gusano terrorists, headquarters at 1702 E. 4th Street in April 1971, John R. Howard, a Hector Cornillot y Lano Jr. and Juan was gutted by an armed arson attack special agent for the Surety Insurance Garcia-Cardenas, for their part in by about a dozen gusanos. Four elec­ Company, the company responsible about 10 bombings in Los Angeles tion campaign workers were held at for their bail, informed the Los in 1968. These included attacks on gunpoint and told they "would die Angeles Superior Court that he had the Shell Oil Corporation and two for Fidel Castro." The four were left located the three fugitives. Castro and Mexican tourist offices. FBI agents inside the building after it was set Gonzalez were, according to Howard's testified at the trial of these terrorists aflame but were able to escape deposition to the court, in Mexico City that the explosives they used had been through a fire exit. at the headquarters of a gusano or­ obtained from the CIA for use in the Following the attack on the SWP, ganization called Alpha 66. He de­ Bay of Pigs invasion. the Citizens Committee for the Right scribed this as an armed guerrilla The fact that the CIA allowed these Militant/John Gray of Free Political Expression was or­ warfare training camp that was gusanos to keep these explosives for Socialist Workers Party campaign heod­ ganized. Sponsors included Angela planning anti-Cuban operations. Pe­ seven years after the Bay of Pigs q uorters after May 1970 fire set by anti­ Davis, State Senator Mervyn Dymally, laez was found at a Colgate-Palmolive fiasco of 1961 is further evidence of Castro Cubans. SWP campaign was play­ Jane Fonda, Councilman Billy Mills, plant in Costa Rica. CIA complicity in the April-May 1970 ing active role in antiwar upsurge ot and local heads of the Social Services There is no evidence that there was terror attacks against Los Angeles time of attock. Union, Amalgamated Clothing Work- any move on the part of the court antiwar and socialist organizations. r Feliciano frame-up fits W'gate pattern NEW YORK, June 29-Defense attorneys for ecution of organizations. This is the notorious faces in Manhattan. During the Bronx trial, Carlos Feliciano are demanding that all charg­ directive President Nixon gave to the FBI ... defense attorneys contended that a police in­ es against the Puerto Rican activist be dropped authorizing it to build a campaign of inves­ former, Detective Andrew Guttierrez, planted the in light of recent Watergate revelations. tigation and harassment against activists and pipe bomb found in Feliciano's car. Feliciano is scheduled to go to trial in Manhat­ social movements in this country. According to the defense committee, "The tan soon on charges of attempted bombing and strong possibility exists that a plot against possession of explosives. His attorneys, William "How much of the directive was actually im­ Carlos Feliciano comes from higher govern­ Kunstler and Conrad Lynn, will present a mo­ plemented is still not known but daily allega­ ment levels. From police testimony presented tion for dismissal of these charges at a pre­ tions surface across the United States. It is in the Bronx, we know that there was a plot, trial hearing on July 2. ironic that President Nixon, who has consorted a frame-up . . . Detective Andrew Guttierrez, A statement released June 28 by the Com­ with known lawless elements (such as Bay of the prosecution's star witness, told the jury ... mittee to Defend Carlos Feliciano explains: Pigs adventurers), directed this country's larg­ as much.... est investigative agency to investigate move­ "The District Attorney's case has been further "In the midst of the tremendous credibility ments for social change in 1970 -the year weakened by the recent suspension of Andrew gap created by the Watergate scandal, vital Carlos Feliciano was arrested." Guttierrez for extorting '$15,000 from Queens information has been released that sheds light Last year, a jury in the Bronx acquitted Fe­ drug addicts four months after the frame-up upon the recent arrests of activists and pros- liciano of basically the same charges he now of Carlos Feliciano."

14 WATERGATE: Antiwar movement

Fred Halstead: 'The John Dean I knew' How peace movement foiled 'dirty tricks' By PETER SEIDMAN these other two people, they didn't stration and participate in it, including in the larger demonstration taking On June 28, John Dean told the Sen­ know us. We didn't know quite what in its leadership. As long, that is, as place nearby. ate Watergate committee ·about his to expect. Possibly we thought- they they adhered to the policy of peaceful, Knowing what he does now from role as the government's negotiator might look upon us as some sort legal demonstrations. the Watergate revelations about the with antiwar leaders before the dem­ of ogres. We didn't know exactly what "And we stuck to that. I think our extent to which the government in­ onstration that took place in Wash­ to look upon them as. policy had an effect in defeating at­ filtrated the antiwar movement and ington, D. C., on Nov. 15, 1969. "Both Dean and Tapman were busi­ tempts to whip up this kind of hys­ sought to create provocations, I asked Dean's testimony revealed a great deal nesslike and polite. On the second oc­ teria. We dealt a blow against the Halstead if he thought there was an about how the government viewed casion we met with them, Brad, who witch-hunt atmosphere the government element of this in the Justice Depart­ antiwar demonstrations, and how it is a vegetarian, and is often into was trying to use to diminish the size ment action. tried to handle them. apples, brought several apples with of the demonstration." "Undoubtedly," he said, "government One of the people Dean negotiated him. He presented one each to Tap­ In Halstead's opinion, the govern­ agencies that hired people like Hunt with was Fred Halstead, who is a man and Dean. And he gave one ment's decision to stall permit nego­ and Liddy to infiltrate and cause tiations- a policy Dean admitted in his Senate testimony -was also aimed at hurting the action by creating an atmosphere of confrontation. I asked him what measures the New Mobi­ lization Committee had taken to cut across this. "First of all," he told me, "we made it our policy that the demonstration would be peaceful, legal, and non­ violent. Second, we put that policy into our publicity. And third, we or­ ganized thousands of marshals to monitor the demonstration. The mar­ shals were demonstrators who were trained in how to maintain the peace­ DEAN: Stalled permit negotiations for ful, legal policy of the demonstration." antiwar march Some sections of the antiwar move­ ment did not agree with the New Mo­ bilization Committee's tactics. provocations had some of their pro­ Militant/Brian Shannon vocateurs in that demonstration. And Nov. 15, 1969, antiwar demonstration in Washington, D.C. Organizers of the action Justice Dept. demonstration they may have been the ones who thwarted government attempts to isolate antiwar movement through red-baiting. "I think about two weeks before the first started baiting the police and try­ demonstration," Halstead said, "A ing to get them to throw tear gas. leader of the Socialist Workers Party. to me too. This broke the ice a little press conference was· held in front of That's quite possible. But I would I talked with Halstead to get his views, bit, I think." the Justice Department by Jerry Ru­ not say the demonstration was called as a sociaJist and antiwar leader, of In his Senate testimony, Dean said bin, Abbie Hoffman, and a few other for that purpose. Dean's testimony. he had been offered FBI reports on people. They announced a demonstra­ I think the fact that Rubin and Hoff­ Halstead told me that he was part all the demonstration leaders he was tion at the Justice Department for Sat­ man called it was unwise, however, of the New Mobilization Committee's involved with. Dean said he turned urday, Nov. 15. They said it would for that reason. It was a running dis­ negotiating team because he, together them down, so maybe he didn't know take place after the march we were pute within the movement." with Bradford Lyttle, a pacifist, was any more about Halstead and the organizing, and that it would be a in charge of logistics and marshals other New Mobe leaders than they confrontation. I believe they used that Government afraid? for the demonstration. knew about him, but he certainly had terminology." The Nov. 15 demonstration was "When we first met with the gov­ a chance to find out. I asked Hal­ "Later they came to a meeting of overwhelmingly peaceful, as were al­ ernment, Dean was present, as w.as stead if he had any comment on this. the New Mobilization Committee and most all the major protests in Wash­ Ken Tapman, a lawyer working for "Well," he said, "we went around the asked it to endorse this qemonstra­ ington. I asked Halstead his reaction the Interior Department," Halstead re­ room and introduced ourselves. And tion. A vote was taken, and the vote to the fact that Senator Ervin, in ques­ called. "By and large, those were the when we got to me, I said 'Halstead.' was not to endorse it. However, they tioning both John Dean and Jeb Stu­ two people we dealt with." Dean nodded as though he knew who went ahead anyway." art Magruder, repeatedly said that the Halstead described the first time he I was. Of course, I had been the pres­ Halstead described how the police White House was enveloped in a real met Dean. "We went into the Justice idential ' candidate of the Socialist brutally attacked and tear-gassed the climate of fear about the demonstra­ Department building, I believe it was Workers Party the previous year. I'd Justice Department demonstration. tion. Was it true the White House was in Dean's office. Just Dean and Tap­ done everything I could to get as This attack also affected the crowd Continued on page 22 man were present on the government much publicity about who I was, what side. I think Brad Lyttle was there my past had been, and everything and the New Mobe lawyer, Phillip else. So it's conceivable he just knew Gov't wanted to frighten people Hirshkop, and a couple of others from who I was because he read some news­ Fred Halstead, a leader of the So­ tant events. It makes a more effec­ our side. paper articles about me." cialist Workers Party, was a central tive scene. They wanted to keep down the poliical impact of the Apples from ogres? Gov't smear attempt organizer of the Nov. _15, 1969, antiwar demonstration staged in demonstration as much as they "We introduced ourselves. The sit­ "As a matter of fact," Halstead said, Washington, D. C., by the New Mo­ could. uation was strained. None of us knew "there wasn't a single person ~n the negotiating committee who was not bilization Committee. What did he a public personality, who had not think of John Dean's testimony be­ Did Halstead think the government been very active in various kinds of fore the Senate Watergate committee was trying to create an atmosphere of confrontation around the demon­ movement activity." Why then, I asked that the government was taking a him, was the FBI compiling dossiers terrible beating by making an issue stration? HALSTEAD: I don't know whether on the New Mobe leaders? of the demonstrators' right to march Dean was or not. And frankly, I "Well," he answered, "they were try­ down Pennsylvania Avenue instead rather doubt that the people who ing to smear us, of course. They were of Constitution Avenue? Did he were directly negotiating with us trying to come up with ways to fright­ agree with Dean that the govern­ wanted to. As a matter of fact, it's en off people who had endorsed the ment's position gave the demonstra­ demonstration. tor's $2-million worth of publicity? my impression that even the official police agencies, such as the Metro­ "One of the engines of the cold war HALSTEAD: I think that's prob­ politan Police or the Parks Police and of anticommunist hysteria was ably true. There was considerable in Washington, didn't want to either. the government! s proposition that if discussion in the media about our They wanted as little trouble as there were communists or socialists right to demonstrate and the fact that the government was taking this they could possibly have. involved, then nobody should have However, on a higher level, the anything to do with the demonstra­ unreasonable position. White House level, there was clear­ tion. There was absolutely no reason ly an attempt on the part of the "Our approach to this," Halstead at all, no security reason or any­ thing, that made Pennsylvania dif­ policy makers to do whatever they Militant/Brian Shannon told me, "was to meet it head on with ferent from Constitution. could to frighten people away from HALSTEAD: As a chief marshal for Nov. the fact that we were a nonexclusive There was a political difference. the demonstration and to smear the 15, 1969, antiwar march, Socialist Work­ committee. Anybody who was in favor That is, Pennsylvania Avenue is a demonstration as bebig potentially ers Party leader met with Dean in permit of the purpose of the demonstration traditional place for the mostimpor- violent. negotiations. was welcome to come to the demon-

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 15 Trial set for NCLCers WATERGATE: Dean's testimony Conviction of thugs ·Labor, Black leaders demanded in N.Y. JULY 3 -Jose Torres, National Cau­ target of secret list cus of Labor Committees (NCLC) member charged with aggravated as­ By CINDY JAQUITH "getting" Gibbons adds weight to the sault and battery in connection with JULY 2- The revelation of Nixon's charges that Nixon is deeply involved the April 11 beating of six members secret "enemy list" has intensified pub­ in the current Teamster-grower drive of the Temple University Young Work­ lic outcry against government use of to smash the United Farm Workers ers Liberation League, was acquitted illegal methods to intimidate dissen­ Union in California. June 28. Torres was formerly a CIA ters. Another "enemy" on the White House agent in Vietnam. During his testimony before the list is the National Welfare Rights Or­ According to the YWLL, Philadel­ Senate Watergate committee last week, ganization (NWRO). This group was phia District Attorney Arlan Spector's ex-White House counsel John Dean ex­ one of the original targets for physical office failed to carry out an adequate plained the "Opponents List and Poli­ attack in the "National Caucus of prosecution. An example is that As­ tical Enemies Project." The plan, he Labor Committees" campaign of vio­ sistant District Attorney Bruce Neff said, was to use federal agencies like lence against left organizations. The failed to call several witnesses who the Internal Revenue Service to "screw appearance of NWRO on the enemy had identified Torres as the director our enemies." list strengthens the suspicion of many of the attack. White House "enemies" were kept on movement activists that government Marilyn Markus, secretary of the a list "several inches thick." The lists agents have infiltrated the Labor Com­ New York Committee to Stop Terror­ made public thus far are of prominent mittee to encourage hooligan attacks. ist Attacks, organized to protestNCLC individuals, including trade-union of­ All in all, it sounds like Colson had hooliganism, told The Militant, "There ficials, Black leaders, antiwar enter­ more in mind than White House cock­ is no excuse for this inadequate prose­ tainers, reporters, and politicians. tail parties when he made up his list. cution on the part of the Philadelphia Among the names are actress Jane The list is just one more example of district attorney_. His office is attempt­ Fonda, Black comedian Dick Gre­ government attempts to stifle the right ing to ignore these NCLC armed at­ gory, United Auto Workers President to dissent. tacks on unarmed individuals by treat­ Columbia Spectator/ Alan Scott Leonard Woodcock, columnist Jack Senator Sam Ervin (D-N. C.) point­ ing them as if they were part of a small NCLC goon (left) during attack at Co­ Anderson, and former attorney gener­ ed this out during the Senate Water­ feud on the left. What is really at stake lumbia U. Did he also assault SWPer al Ramsey Clark. gate hearings when he said, "we have is a serious attack against the civil Jesse Smith? Ex-White House counsel Charles people being branded enemies whose liberties of the Communist Party, the Colson drew up the list, Dean said. mere offense is that they believed in Socialist Workers Party, and other Colson now claims that the names enforcing the First Amendment." Ervin radical organizations." defend the basic democratic rights of were really only used to decide who added that the Internal Revenue Ser­ Markus stressed the importance of all individuals and organizations at­ should not be invited to White House vice had been "perverted and prosti­ putting pressure on the DA's office tacked by NCLC thugs. Initial spon­ social events. tuted" in order to harass dissidents. in New York City to vigorously prose­ sors include, among others, Ruth But nobody is buying this story, Congressman Ron Dellums (D­ cute NCLC goons Steve Getzoff and Gage-Colby, longtime leader in the especially since new evidence has sur­ Calif. ), one of 12 Black members of George Turner. "The acquittal of peace movement; Myrna Lamb, fem­ faced linking Colson to a whole cam­ Congress on the list, has announced Torres in Philadelphia shows that we inist playwright; Conrad Lynn, Na­ paign of "dirty tricks" against dissident he will demand an investigation of can't trust the courts and the district tional Conference of Black Lawyers; labor officials. possible Republican interference in his attorneys to protect the basic demo­ Norman Oliver, Socialist Workers Par­ According to the July 1 New York 1972 campaign. cratic rights of socialists. We must ty candidate for mayor; and Katherine Times, Colson intervened in Labor mobilize broad political pressure be­ Sojourner, a coordinator of the Na­ Department proceedings on behalf of Many who "made the list," including fore they will respond." tional Peace Action Coalition. the corrupt Teamsters bureaucracy in football star Joe Namath, said they Getzoff and Turner were arrested This week the committee sent a let­ return for the bureaucrats' support had no idea why they are considered June 11 on charges of assault against ter to Mayor John Lindsay explain­ for Nixon in the 1972 campaign. enemies. They have simply been · Ron Tyson, staff writer for the Daily ing the history of the NCLC attacks Teamsters President Frank Fitzsim­ branded as such without any hearing. World. Getzoff was arrested again on and the serious abridgment of civil mons has now retained Colson's law The exposure of the enemy list and June 26 after being identified by Re­ liberties they represent. The letter de­ firm to represent the union. the opposition it has aroused should becca Finch and Ken Shilman as one manded that the mayor initiate an It is hardly coincidental, then, that help focus ·new attacks on another of five armed thugs who attacked them investigation to determine .if employ­ Teamsters Vice-president Harold Gib­ unconstitutional list maintained by the from behind on June 9. ees of the New York City Police De­ bons, a McGovern supporter and out­ government- the attorney general's Jesse Smith, who was with them, suf­ partment or any other city law en­ spoken critic of the war, won a high list of "subversive" organizations. So­ fered serious head injuries requiring 11 forcement agency are operating with­ place on the White House enemy list. cialist groups such as the Socialist stitches and a broken arm. Finch, in NCLC as agents provocateurs. Colson even wrote a special memo Workers Party have been placed on Shilman, and Smith are leaders of The fact that two NCLC assailants on Gibbons in June 1972, pointing this list with no right to a hearing or the Lower Manhattan branch of the arrested in Philadelphia were identi­ out that he "is one of the three labor to an appeal. Socialist Workers Party. Smith is also fied as Pennsylvania parole officers, leaders who were recently invited to Unlike the White House list, the at­ a member of the New York City Taxi along with numerous public exposures Hanoi" Gibbons was a founder of torney general's list is not secret. It Drivers Local 3036. of police provocateurs in New York Labor for Peace, a trade-union anti­ is a public document used to legitimize Hearings for Getzoff and Turner are City in the past few years, is suffi­ war group. government harassment of radicals, scheduled for July 16, 9:30 a.m., at cient grounds for beginning such an Colson demanded that a tax audit including the barring of members of 100 Centre Street. Meanwhile they are investigation. against Gibbons ''be started at once." groups on the list from government free on their own recognizance. The letter also expressed concern Later, Fitzsimmons had Gibbons de­ employment. The rising opposition to Markus told The Militant that op­ that the New York police are notdoing posed as head of the 800,000-strong police-state practices should demand position to the NCLC's hooligan cam­ everything possible to apprehend and Teamsters Central States Conference. that this list and all other attempts to paign, now in its fourth month, con­ prosecute these hooligans. It de­ Certainly the fact that the White deny civil liberties, open or covert, tinues to grow. "Throughout the coun­ manded that the police question Get­ House took such an interest in be abolished. try scores of trade unions, student zoff, Turner, and known leaders of leaders, professors, Black and Puerto the NCLC to determine the. identity Rican organizations, civil libertarians, of the other four assailants involved and virtually all radical organiza­ in the June 9 attack on Smith, Shil­ tions, despite sharp political disagree­ man, and Finch. ments, have condemned these attacks. Markus also stressed the importance "Among the prominent individuals of writing letters and sending tele­ who have added their voices to the grams of protest to District Attorney protest are: Annette Rubenstein; liter­ Frank Hogan, 155 Leonard St., New ary critic; Dr. Benjamin Spock; Nat York, N.Y. 10013; Mayor John Lind­ Hentoff, Village Voice columnist; and say, City Hall, New York, N.Y. Roland Watts, Workers Defense 10007; and Police Commissioner Don­ League." ald Cawley, 240 Centre St., New York, Support is also growing for the new­ N.Y. 10013. ly formed New York Committee to For more information write CSTA, Stop Terrorist Attacks, which is at­ P. 0. Box 902, Stuyvesant Station, tempting to organize broad support New York, N.Y. 10009. Telephone: to demand that the city government (212) 982-8214.

Teamster. Vice-president Harold Gibbons speaking at Labor for Peace conference in 1972. Antiwar, pro-McGovern stand won him high place on Nixon's 'enemy list.'

16 N.Y. postal workers reject Who really contract, call protest rally killed Sgt. By MICHAEL LUX plans legal action to "retain the right to represent NEW YORK, July 2 -A general membership meet­ Kavanaugh? postal employees." ing of the Metropolitan Area Postal Union (former­ "DENVER, July 1 (UPI)- An incomplete autopsy What are the issues forcing the Postal Service ly the Manhattan-Bronx Postal Union) voted here report indicates that Abel Larry Kavanaugh, form­ and top labor bureaucrats to collaborate so closely tonight to reject the terms of a new secretly ne­ er prisoner of war accused by a senior officer of and openly in this hustle? They fear that worsening gotiated contract meant to cover all 600,000 U.S. collaborating with the enemy, committed suicide, conditions and deteriorating postal service might according to a source in the coroner's office." End postal workers. The 500 assembled unionists lead postal workers to exercise their power and cheered Moe Biller, p~esident of the 26,000-member of item. militancy in another strike causing an interruption union, as he called for a mass demonstration Not much of an obituary, but then the people in service that is already at rock bottom. and protest rally for Friday, July 6, at 2:30 p.m. who run this country never troubled themselves A. pattern is now emerging in which the gov­ on the steps of the General Post Office in Man­ much about Abel Larry Kavanaugh in the first ernment, in collusion with the labor aristocracy, hattan. place. Two years after he finished high school, is allowing "moderate" wage settlements of about The militant Branch 36 of the New York Letter they just packed him off to Vietnam, a 19-year­ 7 percent, an extension of fringe benefits, and Carriers had unanimously rejected the contract old infantryman like hundreds of thousands of an inadequate cost-of-living escalator clause. In in an earlier meeting. others. return, labor leaders are helping to cool off the Contract terms were secretly agreed to June 19 In April 1968, two months after he arrived, current round of contract negotiations. The re­ by Francis Filbey, president of the 315,000-mem­ Kavanaugh was wounded and captured while out cently concluded Teamster pact is part of this ber American Postal Workers Union; James Rade­ on patrol near Hue. That was the first day of same pattern. macher, president of the 200,000-member National five years he was to spend as a prisoner of war. The most important gain won is the cost-of­ Association of Letter Carriers; plus representatives During his confinement, Kavanaugh came to living escalator clause. But this is a tricky deal of the Mail Handlers division of the Laborers oppose the war, a conclusion tens of millions of in the case of the postal contract. It allows for International Union and the Rural Letter Carriers Americans at home were reaching at the same time. a one-cent increase an hour for every 0.4 point Association. The agreements are subject to rank­ Refusing to be intimidated by pro-war senior of­ rise in the Consumer Price Index. In rough terms and-file ratification via mail ballot. ficers in the camp, he spoke out in favor of anti­ this will mean an increase of about $1 a week Terms agreed to include an escalator clause war demonstrations in the U.S. and broadcast an for every one-point increase in the Consumer Price pegged to the Consumer Price Index and calcu­ appeal to Nixon to end the war. Index. lated every six months, a 14 percent wage in­ To officials in Washington, this branded Kava­ But most postal workers can tell you that the crease over two years, retention of a no-layoff naugh a "traitor." Although he had done no more cost of living has increased at a rate of 14 per­ clause, and an increase in the Postal Service share than express his opposition to a war whose bru­ cent in the last three months, and the rate of price of health and life insurance costs from 40 percent tality and devastation he had witnessed firsthand, increase for food is 43 percent in that same pe­ to 60 percent in two years. Postal workers now this had been enough to earn him a place at the riod. In order to keep up with inflationary trends, earn from $7,300 a year for custodians to $10,907 workers need a one-cent increase for every 0.2 for clerks and carriers. point increase in the Consumer Price Index. So In return, union leaders agreed to retain the the present proposal means that postal workers' American Way of Life no-strike clause in the contract, omitted the wages will actually fall beh'ind rising prices. area-wage differential demanded by the New York top of the Pentagon's own version of the "enemy City and other high-cost urban area postal work­ In addition, the wages of postal workers are list." ers, and made no provision for night and week­ well below the $12,000 annual income, or about The treatment began March 19 of this year when end differentials. $6 an hour, calculated by the Bureau of Labor Kavanaugh arrived in California with the second Criticisms of the tentative agreement centered Statistics as necessary to maintain a family of batch of POWs. He and two other outspoken anti­ on pay differentials for night and weekend work, four. Postal workers earn from $3.40 to about war POWs were greeted with dead silence as they the stepped-up work load, cutbacks in the work $4.80 an hour tops. Thus, the proposed 14 per­ stepped off the plane, a marked contrast to the force, and the general decline of working con- cent wage boost over two years is completely in- cheers for the 49 others. Weeks of rumors followed that the Pentagon would court-martial him. At the end of May, the senior officer in Kava­ naugh's camp, Colonel Theodore Guy, finally brought charges against him and seven others. Their antiwar views, Colonel Guy said, consti­ tuted "collaborating with the enemy." A month later Kavanaugh shot himself. Who really killed Abel Larry Kavanaugh? Ask his wife. "The North Vietnamese kept him alive for five years," Sandra Kavanaugh told report­ ers bitterly, "and then his own country killed him. . . . I blame Colonel Guy and the Pentagon for his death." Ask his lawyer. "Here's a guy," said attorney Mark Amsterdam, "who served five years as a POW and came back to his wife and a daughter he hadn't seen and was made an outcast. ... The Pentagon has sat on these charges a long New York postal workers vote down contract union heads had negotiated. Their demand for an area wage differ­ ential to match New York's high cost of living helped spark historic 1970 walkout, but it still hasn't been granted. time.... " Ask the Pentagon. Startled by the public reac­ tion to Kavanaugh's suicide, they first came up with the cautious admission that their evidence ditions resulting from "mechanizing and stream­ adequate. wasn't really very strong- that a court-martial lining the system" by the new private managers. The causes of rank-and-file discontent are loss might not have convicted him. The current contract, a result of the historic of purchasing power due to war-primed inflation, A week later, fearing the very real possibility strike of March 1970, will not expire until July 20. speedup on the job due to the "corporation" at­ of another POW suicide, they were forced to ad­ Clearly, memories of the 1970 strike were a factor titude of the semipublic Postal Service, reduction mit the full truth: the charges were a frame-up. in the work force by layoffs via attrition, auto­ in the negotiations. The Postal Service has granted They didn't even have enough evidence to bring some concessions in the hopes that the top union mation resulting in alienating factory conditions, the eight POWs to trial, let alone secure convictions. officials can sweet-talk rank-and-file ratification. and unsafe and unsanitary working conditions. Sandra Kavanaugh was right. Colonel Guy and In the meantime, Postmaster General Elmer Klas­ Working conditions are clearly unsafe and un­ Nixon's Pentagon murdered her husband just as sen opened the government offensive by hinting healthy, making it so bad that it is nearly im­ possible to move the mail. Workers have a hard sure as if they'd pulled the trigger themselves. that he will ask for a 25 percent increase in the -MICHAEL BAUMANN cost of first-class postage to cover the "very sub­ enough time just breathing. Moe Biller, president stantial wage increases." Filbey chimed in stating, of the Metro Area Postal Union, said recently, "the public will apparently have to foot the bill." "the Postal Service is reinstating all the problems One union, the National Alliance of Postal and of the 1920s-job tediousness, mandatory over­ Federal Employees, was not included in the ne­ time, and other procedures that impede efficiency, gotiations and termed the agreements "illegal." The lower morale, and produce an inferior product." Alliance is an independent all-craft union repre­ Aided by labor bureaucrats like Filbey and senting some 25,000 postal employees, most of Rademacher, the government has initiated a well­ whom are Black. orchestrated campaign to blame the postal workers In a telephone interview with The Militant, Al­ for the two-cent increase in first-class postage. liance President Robert White said that under the Thus, the postal service continues to deteriorate, terms of the 1970 Postal Reorganization Act, "the and the conditions that led to the 1970 strike National Labor Relations Board was to come point toward new rebellion. The strike weapon into the postal service and establish the appro­ is the only tool postal workers have to force higher priate bargaining units, schedule elections, and wages, shorten the workweek with no reduction let the employees elect their own exclusive rep­ in pay to spread the available work to those now resentatives for the purpose of further negotia­ unemployed, and improve working conditions. A In act of solidarity, six other antiwar POWs charged tion." According to White, the NLRB has not done veto of this new contract by the rank and file with 'collaboration' served as pallbearers at Abel this, with the result that the Alliance was not even could also help lay the groundwork for a stronger Larry Kavanaugh's funeral. Pentagon has since represented at the negotiating table. The Alliance and more democratic union structure. dropped all charges.

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 17 SWP answers the ~Bird' Why Atlantans should Campaigning back Bustin for mayor for Socialism By LINDA JENNESS This complaint, incidentally, im­ The Georgia Socialist Workers cam­ mediately follows a summary of Bus­ paign has begun petitioning to ob­ tin's program, which calls for, among OHIO PRISONERS ENDORSE ment to the demonstrators explaining tain the signatures of 4,000 registered other things, a reorganization of so­ CLEVELAND SOCIALIST'S MAY­ his position: "The SWP unequivocally voters to put Debbie Bustin, SWP can­ ciety on a socialist basis. ORAL BID: "I want to let you know solidarizes itself with the struggles of didate for mayor of Atlanta, and Joel The Bird charges that "her running that the Ohio Prisoners Labor Union prisoners at Walpole and throughout Aber, SWP candidate for city council for office only lends credence to those endorses Roberta Scherr for mayor Massachusetts against the inhuman president, on the ballot in the 1973 who say the system can be reformed. of Cleveland. The decision came from and degrading conditions they Atlanta municipal elections. "We support and stand for many of a unanimous vote by the executive face .... Bustin is a recognized and respected the same things Bustin does. But a board of the Ohio Prisoners Labor "The recent firing of ... Boone rep­ socialist campaigner for the cause of campaign for Mayor is a contradic­ Union." This message was sent to resents a right wing, racist attack di­ social justice and her campaign has tion, especially the way the SWP is Roberta Scherr on June 26 by Eugene rected not only at the very limited reforms instituted by Boone, but at stood unequivocally on the side of doing it ...." Finally, the Bird quotes Zager, an executive officer of the the prisoners themselves." the oppressed. "an observer who labels herself a OPLU. Powers said, "The SWP calls for During the recent strike of predom­ Marxist-Leninist," who says, "Thecam­ The OPL U has successfully orga­ nized a majority of the inmates at the open public hearings, involving rep­ inantly Black workers at Rich's De­ paign is only a tactic to promote the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility resentatives elected by the prisoners partment Store in Atlanta, for instance, SWP and not socialism. The money themselves, as well as representatives Bustin regularly walked the picket line they are spending should be spent on at Lucasville. At the beginning ofJune, and publicized the strike through her serious organizing and education." the OPL U led a strike for better facil­ of the Black and Puerto Rican com­ ities. As a result, about 50 OPL U munities, to air the prisoners' griev­ radio and television appearances. The In the following issue of the Bird, leaders are being held in punitive con­ ances and to propose concrete actions - socialist candidates are also partici- Terry Lunn of the SWP campaign oom­ finement. Roberta Scherr has been in to alleviate them." mittee replied to these charges. First, regular correspondence with Zager Lunn explained that it is simply not and other members of the OPL U, sev­ true that the socialist candidates fail to eral of whom are Militant readers. call for the elimination of capitalism. She has given full support to the activ­ He quotes from a speech by Bustin: ities of the OPL U and plans to visit "These problems will be solved by Lucasville in July. bringing masses into motion against the stranglehold of the capitalist class PETITIONING TO PUT BOSTON in -this country until we have enough SOCIALISTS ON BALLOT COM­ people in motion to remove that class PLETED IN ONE DAY!: On June 23, from power." more than 70 campaign supporters As for "lending credence to those collected 14,812 signatures on petitions who say Jhe system can be reformed," required to place four candidates of Lunn points to the hypocrisy of this the SWP on the ballot. The petitions, claim: "Considering that the Bird en­ which will be filed July 10, were dorsed Massell [Democratic mayor of gathered in more than 30 different Atlanta] and McGovern, I would say sections of Boston. They are aimed that it is the Bird which has given at placing SWP candidates Don credence to those who say that the Gurewitz and Jeanette Tracey (for Bos­ system can be reformed." Bird/sunshine bright ton school committee) and Debra BUSTIN: Only challenger to capitalist pol­ And in reply to the observer who Byrne and John E. Powers Jr. (for iticians in Atlanta mayoral r·ace. thinks the money the SWP campaign Militant/ Dave Wulp Boston city council) on the ballot in is spending should be spent on "seri­ POWERS: SWP candidate for Boston city the Sept. 25 preliminary municipal . pating in the fight to stop police bru­ ous organizing and education," Lunn council defends Walpole prisoners. elections. tality against Atlanta's Black com­ writes: munity. "I can't think of anything more seri­ NEW YORK SWP PETITION PLANS At the Georgia state legislative hear­ ous in Atlanta than organizing and SET: Petitioning to place the largest WATERGATE CRIMES IN HOUS­ ings on the Equal Rights Amendment, educating around U. S. terror in number of SWP candidates ever on TON? SOCIALIST CANDIDATE DE­ Bustin delivered a powerful statement Southeast Asia, the wave of Black the New York City ballot this Novem­ MANDS PROBE: On June 13, Dan on the rights of women and the need strikes in the past year, the fight ber will begin on Thursday, July 12. Fein, Socialist Workers Party candi­ to pass the ERA against racist police terror in the Black Plans are to collect more than 20,- date for mayor of Houston, issued a The SWP candidates are presenting community, the struggle of women for 000 signatures in a three-day "blitz" statement to the city council demanding the only challenge to the political mo­ equal pay for equal work, the oppres­ effort, with an emphasis on getting that the council initiate an investiga­ nopoly of the capitalist parties in the sion of gay people, the movement for hundreds of supporters petitioning all tion into links between a number of at­ municipal elections. But the SWP cam­ socialist revolution, and countless over the city on Saturday, July 14. tacks on the SWP and the 1970 Nixon paign has come under attack from other living struggles which have been This petition drive offers supporters administration "blue print for a police the Great Speckled Bird, Atlanta's supported and strengthened by the of the socialist campaign of Norman state," which was revealed as part largest "underground" paper. In its SWP campaigns." · Oliver for mayor and eight other New of theW atergate scandal. June 4 issue, the Bird listed all the Lunn' s reply ends with an appeal to York SWP candidates an excellent op­ In an article on Fein's statement, candidates along with an analysis of the Great Speckled Bird: portunity to acquaint thousands of the June 14 Houston Chronicle ex­ New Yorkers with the socialist alterna­ plains that "although Nixon insists tive. the plan never went into effect, News­ For the first time, the nominating week magazine has quoted 'high ad­ petitions circulated by SWP supporters ministration officials' as admittingthat will be in both English and Spanish. burglaries were committed against sev­ Recent struggles by Puerto Ricans for eralleftwing groups.... " greater representation in the political Fein explained that the existence of process resulted in winning bilingual the secret plan "raises some very seri­ ballots in New York. ous questions about events in Houston Volunteers are needed to help collect over the past three years." The Chron­ signatures and to process the petitions. icle reported that he singled out "four To help place the SWP candidates on events of the last two years involving the ballot, contact the SWP campaign the SWP. central headquarters at 706 Broad­ "He listed these events as the raiding way (near 4th Street), Eighth Floor. of a social gathering known only to Debby Bustin regularly walked picket line during recent strike by Rich's Department Telephone: (212) 982-4966. party members by agents from the Store workers. Texas Alcohol Beverages Commission, BOSTON SWP SUPPORTS STRUG­ the burglary and ransacking of SWP the various campaigns. Bustin was "The SWP thinks that the Bird, which GLE OF WALPOLE PRISONERS: On headquarters, the dropping of charges listed seventh under. the sarcastic title, says it 'supports and stands for many June 26 more than 150 people par­ against two men indicted for allegedly "Socialist Wonder Party." of the same things Bustin does', should ticipated in a picket line in front of bombing SWP headquarters, and an The Bird says, "She has all the 'right' endorse the SWP campaign as a posi­ the Massachusetts state legislature to attempt by a federal agent from the positions on the issues." They also tive alternative to the capitalist politi­ protest the recent firing of Black Cor­ Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms En­ admit that Bustin has backed up her cians. It should give regular coverage rections Commissioner John Boone. forcement Division to blame the bomb­ program through action. They write, of the anticapitalist activities of this His dismissal followed an outbreak ing on left-wing or black groups." "she did support the Rich's strikers socialist election campaign so the of struggles by prisoners at the W al­ The socialist candidate explained and has denounced in the .media and readers can determine for themselves pole state prison. Because Boone in­ that "the people of Houston need to before the Aldermanic Police Com­ if the campaign is worthy of their troduced some limited reforms into the know the truth about the role of gov­ mittee, [Police Chief] Inman's racism." support. We also think that the Bird state prison system, he was made a ernment agencies and secret police." But the Bird complains that "no­ should pledge right now to not repeat scapegoat for the 'troubles' at W al­ However, the Chronicle reports, the where does her campaign literature its mistakes of the past by endorsing pole. council took no action on Fein's re­ say that the above policies could never any of the capitalist candidates in this John .E. Powers Jr., SWP candidate quest for an investigation and public be implemented in a capitalist society." mayor's race." for Boston city council, issued a state- hearing. -PETER SEIDMAN

18 General strike sweeps Uruguay following the abolition of constitutional government From Intercontinental Press By DAVID THORSTAD A United Press dispatch, published Argentina and immediately called a After months of mounting hostility in the June 29 issue of the Buenos news conference to accuse the United between the Uruguayan mil1tary and Aires daily La Razbn, described the States Embassy in Montevideo of hav­ Congress, President Juan Maria Bor­ scene at-the occupied university: "Huge ing a hand in the coup. They warned daberry gave in to intense pressures banners, such as 'People: Fight the that "the government has, by decree, from the military and abolished the dictatorship,' 'Respond with popular created tens of thousands of potential Congress June 27. resistance,' 'Struggle and confront the Tupamaros, who will rise up in arms The showdown had been building gorilla coup,' and 'Destroy the mil­ to defend their country." up since last February, when the itary dictatorship,' appeared, cover­ The two former legislators said that, armed forces threatened a coup d'etat ing the entire facade of the classroom in their view, the "military coup is if Bordaberry did not grant them par­ building, while the police and the ar­ not of a Peruvian type, but one that ticipation in the government. Since my maintained a discreet but sharp follows the Brazilian pattern. It has then the military has moved to take lookout nearby." the firm support of the United States, over key positions, starting with the On June 30, the government ordered through its embassy in Montevideo, ministry of the interior. the army and the police to break the and of a CIA agent by the name of A focal point of the struggle be­ general strike by force, and it an­ Siracusa, infamous for his activities tween the military and th~ Congress nounced that it was disbanding the in Bolivia." Ernest Siracusa was re­ has been the military's demand that CN T and arresting its leaders. cently named U.S. ambassador; he Congress lift the immunity of Senator was formerly the imperialist ambas­ Enrique Erro, whom it accused of "Police, marine and army units sador to the gorilla regime in Bolivia. subversion and alleged links to the cleared factories, banks, public offices Tupamaros. The decree dissolving the and refineries of workers who had Bordaberry's decision to abolish the Congress gave as a reason the Sen­ BORDABERRY: Dissolves Congress, defied a deadline of this morning to Congress was welcomed in Brazil by ate's refusal to lift Erro's immunity. strengthens censorship, decries lock of stop the strike and leave buildings 'notional spirit.' the vice-chairman of the ruling party, The House had voted against im­ they had occupied," reported UPI June the Alian~a Renovadora Nacional peachment proceedings. 30. (ARENA- Alliance for National Re­ The decree asserted that there was The government also called for the most deserted, with only a few buses newal), Cantidio Sampaio. "Little by a "grave deterioration" of constitution­ confiscation of all property belonging little," he said, according to a report al rule and blamed the· situation on and taxis ignoring the strike. Most to the CNT. "Soldiers raided the la­ in the June 29 issue of the Buenos "the criminal actions of the conspiracy white-collar workers remained at bor coalition headquarters soon after home. Aires daily Clarin, "Uruguay is mov­ against the country, aligned with the the decree was announced, confiscat­ "No newspapers were published to­ ing into the Brazilian schema." In a complacency of political groups with­ ing records and arresting union men. day in another protest against the speech to parliament, he added that out national spirit." A coalition source said, however, that President's action. The formerly pro­ "as long as the army did not go out All the country's schools were shut the organization had emergency plans into the streets to fight terrorism, as down until July 20. Censorship, im­ Bordaberry evening newspaper Ac­ for such a situation and that its leader­ long as certain liberties upon which posed last year, was strengthened; ci6n was ordered to halt publication ship would continue to-function under­ the 'Tupamaros' thrived were not sup­ news media were prohibited from for three days because of an editorial ground." pressed, and as long as the Uruguay­ making any report that "directly or yesterday describing the dissolution an press itself was not restricted by indirectly attributes dictatorial goals of Parliament as a 'historic error.'" Erro and another leftist senator, Zel­ to the executive power." On June 30, Participation of telephone workers mar Michelini, were in Buenos Aires the government and 'habeas corpus' censorship was extended to interna­ virtually isolated the country from the when the Congress was dissolved. remained untouchable, subversion tional news agencies opera.ting in Uru­ outside world. They asked for political asylum in dominated the country." guay. Reaction to the decree abolishing constitutional government was swift. Two cabinet members resigned in pro­ test. The powerful Convenci6n Na­ cional de Trabajadores (CNT- Na­ tional Workers Congress) called a general strike for the following day and ordered the occupation of fac­ tories. The strike, according to a Reuters dispatch from Montevideo June 28, "paralyzed the nation's major indus-­ tries, such as the tire and textile fac­ tories that provide Uruguay's main industrial exports. Several factories were taken over by strikers, and stu­ dents at Montevideo University boy­ Using the actions of Tupomoro guerrillas as on excuse, the Uruguayan government hod suspended many civil liberties and cotted classes. carried out massive dragnet operations even before its latest moves.' Political prisoners arrested in Montevideo ore shown "The streets of the capital were al- above.

N.Y. Dist. 1 activists map plans to defend gains By REBECCA FINCH a new era in the struggle for decent light at this meeting. It was announced The results of the election have been NEW YORK, June 30- The struggle education, begins next month," Fuen­ that Fuentes had received an arro­ clouded by the massive vote fraud of Black, Puerto Rican, and Chinese tes said. "That is the basic point I gantly worded summons to appear that took place during the school parents for control of the schools in want to establish tonight- that you before an executive session of the new board election. Both the Committee District 1 (Lower East Side) has taken and I are part of a movement; that board. The letter was signed only by for Democratic Election Laws (Co­ a new turn as the community begins this movement has survived the the six new members, even though DEL) and the U.S. Department of a campaign to defend the gains it teachers' strike of 1968; that our Georgina Hoggard, one of the com­ Justice are investigating hundreds of made under the local school board. movement is seven years old; that we munity-control incumbents, is still the complaints of people who were denied The majority of the board supported are pushing the decentralization law chairwoman of the board and the only their right to vote. This is in prepara­ community control of the schools. to its limits; that our enemies have person legally empowered to call tion for law suits challenging the elec­ been stripped of all reason and op­ meetings. None of· the three incum­ tion results on the basis of massive Luis Fuentes, the pro-community­ pose us now with only naked power; bents had been consulted about the voting irregularities. control district superintendent of that we have survived the school meeting or even notified it was to take The Coalition for Education in Dis­ schools, gave a fiery speech at the board elections of 1973; that we have place. trict 1, a pro-community-control orga­ final public meeting of the outgoing survived the loss of leaders because In a reply to the letter, Hoggard nization, met June 26 to begin plans board on June 20. He promised to ours is a movement of people, not said, 'We are reluctant to participate for a campaign to defend the bilingual continue the struggle under the new leaders; that as long as Black, Puerto in anything that will contribute any programs and the continued employ­ board, which is dominated by anti­ Rican, and Chinese children are the further to the polarization in the com­ ·ment of Euentes and a number of community-control members elected victims instead of the successful prod­ munity." She then invited the new new principals selected by parents' May 1. These new members were on ucts of these schools, we will be a board members to a legally consti­ screening committees. A rally and a slate supported by the United movement." tuted session scheduled for the same march are planned for the night the Federation of Teachers headed by evening. At last report, the new mem­ new board has its first formal meet­ Albert Shanker. The first attack on the parents who bers had yielded and agreed to at­ ing as a way to begin mobilizing the "A new school board, and with it, support community control came to tend the session. community in defense of its gains.

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 19 In Review

SDS: STUDY OF ~NEW LEFT' WOMEN SDS by Kirkpatrick Sale. Random House. New York, 1973. 752 pp. $15. AND THE It seems somehow fitting that the first in-depth history of the New Left of the 1960s should coincide with the attempts by various groupings of ex-SDSers and E.R.A. others to put together a new· Maoist-Stalinist party Why Women Need the Equal Rights and with Carl Davidson's slanderous attacks on Trotskyism in the pages of the Guardian. Amendment by Dianne Feeley. Path­ It has been four years since the convention at finder Press. New York, 1973. 15 pp. ·which SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) split 35 cents. and for all intents and purposes died (although the In the wake of the Supreme Court abor­ faction dominated by Progressive Labor Party lingers tion ruling, much attention has focused on to this day). We now find that Carl Davidson, on another confrontation between support­ who used to reflect the arrogant SDS contempt for ers of women's rights and those who wish the history of the so-called Old Left, has emerged to keep women in "their place"- the Equal as a dyed-in-the-wool Stalinist. At the 1966 SDS Rights Amendment. convention, where he was elected vice-president, Passed by Congress March 22, 1972, Davidson counseled against even using the term ~so­ the ERA says that "equality of rights cialist." under the law shall not be denied or Kirkpatrick Sale has written a useful book. He abridged on account of sex." Thirty-eight was never a member of SDS but he is now a radical, states must ratify the ERA by 1979 for and his sympathies clearly lie with the SDS of the • mid-1960s. it to become law. Thus far, 30 states have The real value of his book lies in the mass of done so. scholarly research it contains. He painstakingly But the opponents of women's libera­ traces the development of SDS, beginning with its tion have made it clear that it will be emergence in 1960 out of the Student League for a battle to win the last eight states. John Birchers, groups affiliated with the Industrial Democracy. (The League for Industrial After calling April 1965 peace march on Washington, Catholic Church, anti-abortion organiza­ Democracy is a minor educational operation run SDS leaders retreated from struggle against Vietnam tions, and others have united in a drive by social democrats and trade-union officials.) Sale war. then describes SDS' s course through reformism (Tom to prevent ratification of the ERA. The Hayden warning in 1961 of the "threatening future success of these reactionaries in getting During the days when SDS seemed to reign supreme of China") and ·ultraleftism and, finally, Weatherman 13 state legislatures to defeat the bill this and to be the harbinger of greater things to come, it year, and another six to table it, has bombs. was the Young Socialist Alliance that explained that While SDS is valuable as a resource book, the added wind to their sails. this was not so. The YSA pointed out that in the reader will find little beneficial analysis of why the Thus Phyllis Schlafly, the most promi­ final analysis SDS would be unable to continue as organization ultimately failed. nent anti-ERA spokesperson, has de­ an all-inclusive radical group, avoiding the historic Sale sees SDS as the mainspring of much of the clared, "The Equal Rights Amendment is political currents in the world working-class move­ new radical consciousness of the 1960s. The opposite ment: Trotskyism, Stalinism, and social democracy. If SDS represented an unthinking rejection of the history of the radical movement in reaction to the unsavory legacy of Stalinism, it was the failure of Pamphlets Books SDS to ever deal with this history that· led to its demise. is true. SDS was always shaped more by objective a terminal case." In order to make The 1966 entry of the then staunchly Maoist Schlafly eat her words, an intensive educa­ events and the new moods on campus than it was Progressive Labor Party into SDS presented an in­ ever a shaper of these developments. It never had tional and action campaign in defense of creasing problem for SDS leaders. At first the PLers the ERA is needed. anything resembling a program for how to go about were ignored as representatives of the "irrelevanf' changing society. This new pamphlet put out by Path­ Old Left. As they became more of a challenge they finder Press (410 West St., New York, The most important political question in SDS's were red-baited. When that did not work the national history was the war in Vietnam. The most commend­ N.Y. 10014) provides answers to the office leaders decided to take them on politically hy main arguments raised by Schlafly and able act in the life of SDS was its call for the April becoming "more Maoist" than PL. When, in spite other opponents of the ERA. 1965 march on Washington against the war. of this, it looked as though PL had a majority at Dianne Feeley takes up the broad range That call was nonexclusionary- anyone, including the 1969 convention, the national office and its of laws that discriminate against women socialists and communists, could participate. This followers walked out, declaring themselves the real and shows that women are indeed chal­ had not been the case in the peace movement of the SDS. lenging this discrimination, contrary to late 1950s and early 1960s. The dominant Weatherman wing of those who the right-wing notion that women prefer The decision to organize the 1965 action in this walked out quickly degenerated into a caricature of to remain on their "pedestal." manner, and the unexpected size of the demonstra­ ultraleftism before disappearing "underground." , "As more working women became aware tion-20,000-helped to set the stage for the mass The other non-PL wing, called RYM II, soon dis­ of their right to equal pay," Feeley writes, movement against the war. solved into a number of Maoist-oriented collectives "more and more complaints were filed But after the 1965 march, the national leadershi'p that have remained the most homogeneous current of SDS essentially turned away from the issue of the to evolve out of SDS. One of the weaknesses of the [with the Equal Employment Opportunity war. While local SDS chapters often pitched in to book is that Sale devotes so little attention to them. Commission]. Between 1969 and 1970, sex-based charges increased by 91 percent build later antiwar protests, the main responsibility Sale also reflects the fashionable SDS attitude of for organizing campus antiwar sentiment fell to the ignoring the YSA, although he admits that the YSA and back-pay awards had multiplied by Student Mobilization Committee. emerged as the strongest radical youth organization a factor of two-and-a-half." Ironically, it was the publicity around the 1965 after SDS folded. One section of the pamphlet traces the antiwar march that gave SDS its name. After that Another current, representing the ex-SDSers of the history of protective laws for women and action, the SDS membership doubled several times. mid-1960s generation, has attempted to assemble counters the argument that passage of Any group of students could get together and call something like their old organization in the New the ERA would deprive women of their themselves SDS- more often than not, links with the American Movement, but little has come of it. rights on the job. There are also sections national office and its projects were tenuous. However, the ultimate comment on the failure of on the draft, on maternity benefits, and the New Left is the evolution of such people as Carl a 1970 statement supporting the ERA by Davidson into Stalinists, which is about as "Old Leff' the Socialist Workers Party candidates for as you can get. U.S. Senate. One of the important aspects of the book in light In her conclusion, Feeley explains, "The of the Watergate revelations is Sale's careful examina­ deepening drive to win equal rights ... tion of FBI and police infiltration of SDS, which in­ represents a threat to the government, creased as SDS moved in an ultraleft direction. There to the capitalist class, and to the ossified is an amusing and revealing footnote about a 1968 union bureaucrats, precisely because it convention workshop on sabatoge. According to Sale, begins to pose questions about the most the national office set up the workshop specifically basic assumptions of a woman's role in to draw agents and provocateurs away from the society. For that reason, the struggle for other workshops. It apparently worked. Sometime basic, democratic rights leads in the direc~ later an agent from the Jefferson Parish, La., sherifrs tion of revolutionary change." office (of all places) testified before a U. S. Senate - CINDY JAQUITH hearing that "everyone who didn't fit the mold, who appeared to be agents, undercover workers, [from LNS/David Fenton the] Federal Bureau of Investigation, or local police Bernadine Dohrn, later a leader of Weatherpeople, an­ intelligence units, all went to the sabotage and ex­ nounces split at 1969 SDS convention. plosives workshop." -NELSON BLACKSTOCK

. 20 The theory of the popular front was and two-stage revolution is usually the Ceylonese section of the Fourth the original justification for the CP's used as a mask to cover up the fact International, played an important support to Democrats and other cap­ that Maoists in Peking have chosen role in defending the victims of the First of a series italist politicians, a policy that con­ to sell out revolutionary struggles repression, including organizing a By TONY THOMAS tinues to this day. against capitalist regimes with which hunger strike that involved more than The Guardian newspaper has recently Peking maintains friendly relations, one million Ceylonese. concluded a 12-part series by staff Backhanded support to McGov and to side with capitalist rulers in In July 1971, an unsuccessful coup writer Carl Davidson on the subject the repression of opponents of Mao­ d'etat by left-wing officers gave Su­ "Trotsky's Heritage." In recent years the Guardian itself ism within the working-class move­ danese leader Gaafar Nimeiry an ex­ In these articles Davidson argues, has not been as consistent a supporter ment. cuse to launch a major repression among other things, that Trotskyism of capitalist politicians as the CP. It against the Sudanese Communist Par­ is in the camp of counterrevolution; has often abstained from taking a In 1971 the people of East Bengal, ty, the largest pro-Moscow CP in Af­ that Trotskyist opposition to the "pop­ position, and on occasion adopted the now Bangladesh, launched a struggle rica or the Arab world. Thousands ular front" policies of the Stalinist ultraleft position of urging an elec­ for national independence from the of CP members and members of peas­ Communist parties in the 1930s and toral boycott. But its backhanded sup­ oppressive rule of the West Pakistanis. ant, workers, youth, and women's or­ 1940s "objectively served the interests port to George McGovern in the 1972 Peking, which had a military alliance ganizations were jailed, tortured, and of the fascists"; and that the SWP' s elections was a prime example of the with the Pakistani military regime, re­ murdered. support to building mass Black, la- meaning of popular-front theories to- fused to support the Bengali struggle The Mao regime praised Nimeiry's action- capitalist repression of work­ ers organizations-because of the ri­ valry between the Peking and Moscow The Guardian & Trotskv.ism bureaucracies. Once again the world Trotskyist movement opposed Mao and Nimeiry on this question. Despite our disagreements with pro-Moscow Stalinists, we believe it is a principle Where is the Guardian going? to defend all tendencies within the working-class movement against re­ pression by capitalist governments. bor, and Chicano parties, and its sup­ In every one of these instances, Da­ port to transitional demands repre­ vidson and the Guardian have sup­ sent a "2-stage road to reform" ported the counterrevolutionary pol­ through parliamentarism. icies of the Maoist leaders. It is the question of these counterrevolutionary • Guardian and the Peking policies that underlies the debate be­ Davidson's position flows from the tween the Guardian and Trotskyism. Guardian's adoption of Maoism in the past few years. Before the break­ 'Cease-fire' accords up of Students for a Democratic So­ The debate reached its highest point ciety, the Guardian had looked toward in regard to the Indochina accords. SDS as a base for establishing a po­ When the detente began unfolding be­ litical constituency. Since then, the tween Washington and China and the Guardian has been orienting toward Soviet Union, and Nixon was wined the various Maoist trends that and dined in Peking and Moscow while emerged from SDS and has become U.S. bombs rained down on Indo­ an uncritical supporter of the policies china, the Socialist Workers Party of the Peking bureaucracy. warned that a deal was being planned At present, the Guardian is trying at the expense of the Indochinese peo­ to lead a regroupment of the diverse ples. Maoist groupings in the U.S. The The Vietnam "cease-fire" accords Guardian has sponsoreq a series of contained concessions forced from the forums on various issues in an at­ Vietnamese liberation fighters. These tempt to lay the groundwork for the concessions limit the Indochinese peo­ formation of a new Maoist Commu­ ples' right to self-determination and MAO & BANDARANAIKE: Maoist bureaucrats in Peking sided with government of nist Party out of this milieu. David­ provide means for stabilizing the son's series is an attempt to justify Ceylon in its brutal repression of Ceylonese rebel youth. Guardian, adopting Mao Tsetung thought, supported this counterrevolutionary policy. Thieu puppet regime in South Viet­ and explain the Stalinist theories on nam. Peking hailed these accords as which the program of this new party a "final" victory for the Indochinese will be based and to answer the crit­ day. The question of its position on and instead gave military, political, revolution and called on its followers icisms of Stalinism and its Maoist var­ McGovern was a major area of dis­ and economic aid to the Pakistani in the U. S. to support the accords. iant presented by the Socialist Workers agreement between the Maoist Guard­ regime. The Socialist Workers Party, Following Peking's lead, the Guard­ Party ( SWP). ian and the Trotskyists of the So­ and Trotskyists throughout the world ian endorsed the accords 100 percent Davidson's articles draw heavily on cialist Workers Party. organized in the Fourth International, and demanded that the antiwar move­ the thoroughly discredited anti-Trot­ A major article written by David­ supported the Bengali struggle for self­ ment replace the slogan "U. S. Out skyist slanders and falsifications of son in the June 21, 1972, Guardian determination and exposed Mao's of Indochina Now!" with the slogan history churned out by the Stalinist stated, "if elected, McGovern would complicity with the U. S.-backed Paki­ "Sign the Accords." The Socialist bureaucrats for decades. In resurrect­ stop the bombing, abandon the Thieu stani regime. Workers Party has been a consistent ing this Stalinist version of history regime and [withdraw] all U.S. troops That same year a revolt of Cey­ defender of the "Out Now!" demand and the political theories that go along within 90 days. . . ." On Aug. 23 the lonese youth threatened the Ban­ and a chief force in building and or­ with it, Davidson raises questions that Guardian editors continued in the daranaike regime in Ceylon. Thou­ ganizing the antiwar movement from are at the heart of the debate between same vein, "We do not oppose the sands of young rebe'ls were ar­ the start. The SWP explained that these the Guardian and the Socialist Work· growing trend of those among the rested, tortured, and killed by the Cey­ accords did not resolve the fundamen­ ers Party. masses who intend to vote for Mc­ lonese capitalist regime. Once again, tal issues facing the Indochinese peo­ The central topic of Davidson's ar­ Govern-just as we do not oppose the Maoist regime gave financial sup­ ples. They provided no guarantee ticles is a defense of the Stalinist line any action which objectively assists port and offered arms to the Ceylon­ against continued U.S. backing of the of two-stage revolution and "popular the struggle of the Vietnamese people." ese capitalists during this struggle. Thieu regime, nor did they prevent frontism." The essence of this line is In contrast to this position, the So­ Chinese Premier Chou En-lai sent a new U. S. military escalation should that it is correct for people who are cialist Workers Party upholds the or­ public statement to Bandaranaike ap­ Washington judge that to be neces­ fighting to overthrow national oppres­ thodox Leninist principle of opposi­ proving the regime's butchery. sary. sion and economic exploitation to give tion to voting for capitalist candidates Trotskyists opposed the Ceylon re­ The Vietnamese, of course, were put political support to capitalists of a in elections and opposes the "two-stage pression. The LSSP-R (Lanka Sarna under intense pressure-both from the "progressive," "antifascist," or "demo­ revolution" and "peoples front" theo­ Samaja Party-Revolutionary- Ceylon U.S. war machine and from their "al­ cratic" character. ries. Equal Society Party-Revolutionary), Continued on page 22 This orientation has led the work­ In the 1972 campaign, while the ing class to defeat after defeat in many Guardian was giving backhanded countries. It has cost the workers support to McGovern, the SWP ran movement a terrible price in crushed Linda Jenness for president and An­ revolutions, and in blood spilled. The drew Pulley for vice-president against popular-front policies laid the basis McGovern and Nixon. They cham­ for the defeat of the Spanish revolu­ pioned the demands of workers, tion in the 1930s; for the defeat of Afro-Americans, Chicanos, women the revolutionary upsurge that shook and other oppressed groups, and of Europe, especially France and Italy, the antiwar movement. They ex­ after the second world war; and for the plained that no capitalist candidate murder of thousands of Communists could solve the problems of the op­ in Indonesia in 1965 and in the Sudan pressed, including the Vietnamese peo­ in 1971. ple. It is these policies of defeat, the pro­ gram of Stalinism, that Davidson and Maoist foreign policy the Guardian are now trying to res­ Another underlying difference be­ urrect. tween Davidson and the SWP is his Davidson correctly links these pol­ support to Maoism's counterrevolu­ itics to those of the pro-Stalin U.S. tionary diplomatic policies. The Mao­ Communist Party

THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 21 He voiced approval of Iran having is dictated by the relationship of pillars of U.S. capitalism. Women or­ the "military potential to fight subver­ forces. ganizing and fighting under their own ... UFW sive activities" in the oil-producing However, the SWP thinks it would banners for their own liberation and Continued from page 7 countries of .the Arab-Persian Gulf. be a betrayal of the Indochinese peo­ Afro-Americans organizing and fight­ The steadily declining wholesale And he stated Peking's support in the ples' struggle to advocate that the ing under their own banners for Black prices reflect the poor quality of the face of "the serious threat which could U.S. antiwar movement, not facing liberation can play a crucial role in crop. Only the two growers that signed weigh upon the Shah's regime." the same conditions as the Indochi­ bringing about the type of mass rev­ with the UFW are getting more than But the willingness of Mao and nese, support these concessions by olutionary socialist workers party the break-even price of $7.50 per 22- Brezhnev to help bolster the status raising the demand "Sign Now." needed to topple U.S. capitalism. This pound box. quo in the Middle East cannot solve Instead of calling on Washington Davidson and the Guardian either The increasingly effective nationwide the fundamental problem that has to "Sign Now" and praising the ac­ minimize or ignore. boycott of table grapes has added prevented the U.S. from stabilizing cords as a "victory," the Socialist The differences between the Guard­ to the growers' problems, too. One the area under its control for the last Workers Party continued to demand ian and the Socialist Workers Party ma.J\>r broker in Chicago has report­ two decades. That problem is the un­ complete U.S. withdrawal from Indo­ thus involve questions of international edly refused to handle scab grapes willingness of the Arab masses to china and the ending of all support revolutionary strategy as well as re­ altogether. In Detroit, some grapes put up with foreign domination and to the Thieu regime. It has also ex­ lated problems of making the revo­ were reportedly being sold for as low exploitation, and especially the re­ posed the complicity of Peking and lution in the U.S. In future articles as 10 cents a pound in retail markets. fusal of the Palestinians to accept their Moscow in helping to force the Viet­ we will show how the Guardian's Mao­ Meanwhile, Brunell Christensen, dispossession. namese to make concessions to U.S. ist attacks on Trotskyism and the SWP Governor Reagan's agricultural direc­ imperialism and the Thieu regime. present an obstacle in the path of tor, has threatened to call the N a­ radicals trying to come to grips with tiona! Guard into Coachella if the vio­ The differences between the Guard­ these problems. lence of "both unions" is not halted. ian and the SWP are also based on Christensen made his declaration at the Guardian's adaptation to the a news conference called by the Coun­ ... Dean "workerist" sectarianism of the many cil of California Growers. Continued from page I 5 diverse Maoist groups it is attempting afraid? to bring together into a new Maoist He told me he had listened to the party. ... suit Continued from page 24 testimony of Dean and Magruder, and These groups see union struggles government agency has also an­ of McCord also. "They used the for­ and wage and job issues in isolation nounced it is cutting off all national mulation of the White House policy­ from the political issues and social funding for sterilization until a deci­ ... detente makers, that they were afraid of vio­ struggles of the current radicalization. sion is reached in the case. The Relfs' Continued from page 9 lence and so on. But the reality is They do not understand the indepen­ lawyers contend _that forced steriliza-­ that they were sending provocateurs dent dynamic of the women's libera­ in divisions within the Arab Com­ tions are widespread in Alabama. into the demonstrations precisely to tion struggle, or the Black, Chicano, munist parties. A majority of the Today, the Justice Department an­ precipitate that sort of thing, so they and Puerto Rican nationalist move­ Syrian Communist Party, for ex­ nounced it is conducting its own in­ could denounce the demonstrations be­ ments. Nor do they understand the ample, appears to be in favor of a vestigation into the- case, examining cause they were violent. potential these movements have to greater identification with the Pales­ possible civil rights violations. "But what they were really afraid speed the radicalization of the work­ tinian struggle and with Arab n~­ The Relf suit deserves the support of was the tremendous, huge, mass ing class and to bring workers into tionalism generally. A similar division of both the Black and women's lib­ expression that the American people­ the struggle. has developed within the Lebanese eration movements. A favorable rul­ the great majority of the American Thus it is not surprising that a key Communist Party. ing on its demand for a national ban people-were not in favor of their part of Davidson's series is attacks A report from Beirut in the July 1 on all forced sterilizations would be policy and wanted to get out of Viet­ on the Socialist Workers Party for New York Times says that "these a tremendous victory in the fight of nam. That's what they were really its support to these movements. Da­ Communist dissenters have steered vidson, for example, characterizes the women to control their bodies. clear of Peking. Last month, a pro­ afraid of. And it's pretty obvious that they were obsessed with that." SWP's support to the successful cam­ Peking faction here dissolved itself and paign to repeal the anti-abortion laws publicly condemned Chinese policy." as "aiding reformism." Statements by Chinese Foreign He criticizes the SWP' s support of Correction Minister Chi Peng-fei while he was in Black, Chicano, and other national­ Last week's Militant incorrectly report­ Teheran last month must have done ist movements of oppressed peoples ed that a mock trial in Atlanta's Capi­ much to convince these groups that ... Guardian as tailing "after the nationalism of tol Homes housing project found po­ Mao offers no better road for them Continued from page 2 I the petty bourgeoisie" (middle class) lice officer J.D. Roberts guilty of first­ than Brezhnev. Chi expressly dis­ lies" in Peking and Moscow -to make and as being contrary to proletarian degree murder in the shooting of Pam­ avowed support for Arab guerrillas concessions and agree to a settlement. internationalism. ela Dixon. Roberts shot and critically fighting the Iranian and Western­ No one can fault revolutionary fight­ The SWP champions both feminism wounded Dixon outside her home on backed Sultan of Oman on the ers for making concessions of a mil­ and Black nationalism because they June 4. The mock trial convicted him southern Arabian coast. itary or geographical nature when this strike against the racist and sexist of attempted murder. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486. Lake Charles: YSA, c/o Cathy Harrison, P.O. Box 16, MSU, lake Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (106th St.), New ARIZONA: Phoenix: c/o Steve Shliveck, P. 0. Box 890, Tempe, Ariz. Charles, la. 70601. York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212)663-3000. 85281. New Orleans: YSA, c/o Clarence Williams, 3141 N. Tonti St., New OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling Green State CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., Orleans, La. 70117. University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415)654-9728. MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, c/o Dave McKim, 2103 Belair Rd., Balti­ Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Cincinnati, Ohio Chico: YSA, c/o Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif. more, Md. 21213. Tel: (301)732-8996. 45232. Tel: (513) 381-2897. 95926. College Parle YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., College Park, Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. . Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., Los Angeles, Md. 20742. Tel: SWP-(216)391-5553, YSA-(216)391-3278. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213)463-1917, YSA-(213)463-1966. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ Riverside: YSA, c/o Univ. of Calif. at Riverside, 1134 library South, Mass. 01 002. bus, Ohio, 43228. Tel: (614)878-5297. Riverside, CaLif. 92502. Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., Toledo: YSA, c/o Shannon O'Toole, 1606 Freeman St., *2, Toledo, Sacramento: YSA, c/o Darren Crown, 2321 "E" St., Sacramento, Calif. Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA­ Ohio 43606. Tel: (419)472-2592. 95816. (617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) and Re­ Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio San Diego: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 4635 El Cajon Blvd., gional Committee- (617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books- (617) 338-8560. 45387. San Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: (714)280-1292. MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Wood­ OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/o Mary Pauli, 1195 Tyler, Eugene, Ore. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, and Militant Books, ward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TEl-6135. 97402. Tel: (503)344-5525. 1519 Mission St., San Francisco, Calif. 94103. Tel: (415) 864-9174. East Lansing: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Union Bldg. Michigan State Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Filth Floor, Portland, Ore. University, East lansing, Mich. 48823. 97204. Tel: (503)226-2715. San Jose: YSA, c/o Krista Zane, 514 1/2 San Benito Ave., los Gatos, MI. Pleasant, YSA, P.O. Box 98, Warriner Hall, CMU, MI. Pleasant, PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, Calif. 95030. Tel: (408)354-2373. Mich. 48858. Po. 16412. San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., San Mateo, MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and labor Bookstore, Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ Calif. 97330. 1 University N.E. (at E. Hennepin) Second Floor, Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) ket), Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WA5-4316. Santa Barbara: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta ln., Santa 332-7781. Barbara, Calif. 93101. St. Cloud: YSA, c/o Atwood Center, St. Cloud State College, St. Cloud, COLORADO: Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 Cal­ Minn. 56301. SOUTH DAKOTA: Sioux Falls: YSA, c/o Deb Rogers, 2309 S. 4th St., ifornia, Denver, Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 573-1588. Bookstore open Mon.­ MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mis­ Sioux Falls, S.Dak. 57105. Tel: (605)332-4654. Sat., 1 0:30 a.m. -7 p.m. souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, P. 0. Box 1184, Hartford, Conn. 06101. St. Louis: YSA, P.O. Box 8037, St. Louis, Mo. 63156. Tel: (314) 371- 37212. Tel: (615)292-8827.\ Tel: (203)523-7582. 1503. TEXAS: Austin: YSA, SWP, Militant Bookstore, Harriet Tubman Hall, New Haven: YSA, P. 0. Box 185, New Haven, Conn. 06501. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. 1801 Nueces, Austin, Texas 78701. Tel; (512)478-8602. Storrs: YSA, U of Conn., P. 0. Box 344, Storrs, Conn. 06268. 03824. Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 Montrose, Houston, FLORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 lake Bradford Rd., NEW JERSEY: Central New Jersey: YSA, c/o Bill Balderston, Box 445, Texas 77006. Tel. (713)526-1082. Tallahassee, Fla. 32304. Woodbridge, N.J. 07095. Tel: (201)634-3076. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P.O. Box 774, San Antonio, Texas 78202. GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ UTAH: Logan: YSA, P. 0. Box 1233, Ut~h State University, Logan·, Utah Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and YSA, P. 0. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. decker Rd. N. E., Albuquerque, N. M. 87112. Tel: (505)296-6230. 84321. 30301. Tel: (404)523-0610. NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o laura Grunberg, Box 2179, Mohican Salt Lake City: YSA, Student Activities Center, University of Utah, Salt ILI.!NOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Jim Miles, 1207 South Wall, Hoffman Hall, Indian Quad 1400, Washington Ave. SUNY, Albany, N.Y. 12203. lake City, Utah 84112. House ''147, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Ave., Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, Tel: (607)798-4142. Winooski, Vt. 05404. Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Willoughby), Brooklyn, WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP and YSA, 1345 ESt. N.W., Fourth Floor, INDIANA: Blaamington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Desk, Indiana Uni­ N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212)596-2849. Wash., D.C. 20004. Tel: SWP-(202) 783-2391; YSA-(202) 783-2363. versity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. Long Island: YSA, P.O. Box 357, Roosevelt,l.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, c/o Mark Jacobsen, 2310 College St. Apt. B, FR9-0289. Pullman, Wash. 99163. Cedar Falls, lowa50613. Tel: (319)277-2544. New York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.), Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Station, lex­ Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212)982-4966. Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. 11 a.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206)523- ington, Ky. 40506. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway 2555. LOUISIANA: Lafayette: YSA, c/o Cliff Schlicher, 216 Spring St., la­ (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James Levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., fayette, La. 70501 . 982-6051; Merit Books- (212)982-5940. Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835. h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more in­ formation call(213) 464-9759. Calendar NEW YORK CITY VIVA LA HUELGAI Hear Dolores Huerta, vice-presi­ AnANTA dent of the United Farm Workers Union, speaking on SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Classes held at Mili­ the UFW: A STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL. Fri., July 27, tant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. W., Third Floor. 8 p.m. St. Gregory's Church, 144 W. 90th St. (between 50c per session. Ausp: Socialist Workers Party. For Amsterdam and Columbus avenues.) Donation: $1. more information call(404) 523-0610. Sponsored by Brooklyn, Upper West Side, and Lower Sun., July 15, II a.m.: Nationalism and the multi­ Manhattan Militant Forums. For more information call national party in the U.S. Teacher: Betsy Soares. (212) 982-4966. from NEW YORK: LOWER MANHATIAN AUSTIN SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Classes held at 706 SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Classes at Harriet Tub­ Broadway (near W. 4th St.), Eighth Floor. 50c per man Hall, 1801 Nueces. Ausp: Socialist Workers Party session. For more information call (212) 982-6051. and Young Socialist Alliance. For more information Wed., July 11, 8 p.m.: Stalinism in Vietnam: Teacher: Pathfinder call (512) 478-8602. George Johnson. Thurs., July 12,7:30 p.m.: The permanent revolution. Teacher: Evelyn Sell. NEW YORK: UPPER WEST SIDE SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Series on the Lenin­ Press BOSTON ist Concept of the Party. Classes at 2744 Broadway UNITED FARM WORKERS ORGANIZING DRIVE IN (near 1 05th St.). 50c per session. For more informa­ COACHELLA VALLEY. A pdhel. discussion with Frank tion call (212) 663-3000. Lovell, stall writer for The Militant; Nick Jones, coor­ Wed., July 11, 6:30 p.m.: Why a Leninist Party: an dinator, Boston UFWOC; and others. Fri., July 13, 8 overview of the Burnham-Shachtman light. Teacher: p.m. 655 Atlantic Ave. (opp. South Sta.). Donation: Cliff Conner. Sl, h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more information call (617) 482-8050. PHILADELPHIA SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. 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At that time the whole world was in the grip of crisis; the global depres­ CLEVELAND sion hod reached unprecedented depths and the Nazis hod been victori­ SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Classes at Debs Hall, SAN DIEGO ous in Germany. Trotsky observed and analyzed these and other world SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Classes held Wednes­ 4420 Superior Ave. For more information call (216) events with the perspective of developing a strong revolutionary move­ 391-5553. days, 8 p.m., 4635 El Cajon Blvd. Ausp: Socialist Work­ Thurs., July 12, 7 p.m.: Transitional program for ers Party and Young Socialist Alliance. For more in­ ment capable of defeating fascism and overthrowing capitalism. He urged Black liberation. formation coli (714) 280-1292. revolutionaries worldwide to abandon the Stalin controlled Communist Wed., July 11: Theory of permanent revolution. International and to begin organizing new revolutionary parties. Chronol­ HOUSTON ogy, Index, Notes. $8. 95, paper $3.45. 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Does capitalism--...... In the June bug you? ____ '-' YOU NO Order from PATHFINDER PRESS, SOCIALIST INC., 410 West Street, New York, Join the N.Y. 10014 Tel. (212)741-0690 Young 'How to Socialist fight Alliance! Nixon·s The YSA is a revolutionary socialist organization for young people who wont racism· on alternative to this decoying society. A total transformation of society and the The Meaning ol construction of socialism. is what the YSA is fighting for. If you wont to .work for . ~~ I' I ' ,!J I a revolutionary change, join the YSA. a speech by the Vietnam -Send me a free copy of the Join the YSA brochure. -Enclosed is $__ for __ copies of the Join the YSA brochure at two cents each Andrew Pulley

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THE MILITANT/JULY 13, 1973 23 THE MILITANT Black family sues to end forced sterilization By BAXTER SMITH of motherhood." JULY 3- It's rough enough for Black The sterilization occurred on June men in white America. But it can be 14. The day before, a clinic agent nightmarish if you're a 12- or 14- had visited the Relf home, supposedly year-old Black woman in Montgom­ seeking permission for the operation. ery, Ala. -especially if you're on wel­ Minnie Relf, the young women's moth­ fare. You could fall prey to racist er, says she understood the agent was white social workers and face victim­ seeking permission to give them some ization in birth-control experiments. "shots." Being illiterate, she couldn't You might even be sterilized under read the surgical consent forms, which the pretext that you are carrying ve­ she signed with an "X." nereal disease, or if boys are "seen The "shots" she believed she was hanging around you." okaying were 90-day birth-control For 14-year-old Minnie Lee Relf and shots her daughters had received in 12-year-old Mary Alice Relf, two an experimental program. But the Black sisters in Montgomery, it's not clinic had discontinued the shots in just a bad dream. It's a reality. March when it was discovered that On June 26, Lonnie Relf, their fa­ the drug (depopovera) was danger­ ther, filed a $1-million damage suit ous. The director of the agency stated in Montgomery federal district court that the clinic had ruled out birth on behalf of his daughters. The suit control pills for the Relf sisters be­ charges a family planning clinic with cause they believed the sisters lacked malpractice for sterilizing them with­ the "mental talents" to take a pill daily. out their knowledg~ or consent. The clinic further justified the ster­ The suit demands that the agency ilization on the grounds that "boys "do everything humanly and med­ were hanging around" them. (Sounds ically possible" to reverse the sterili­ like the old ·racist notion that Blacks ·zation. But perhaps most important, are like animals and can go into it asks for a nationwide ban on forced heat.) sterilizations. An initial hearing is set At this point, the likelihood of a for July 30. fair hearing of the suit appears bleak. The suit also names the following Attorneys for the Relfs have asked defendants: the Montgomery Commu­ Judge Robert Varner to disqualify nity Action Agency, which houses the himself because of "open and blatant clinic; its director, an unnamed sur­ bias." According to the lawyers, in geon; the head of the family plan­ the past Varner has discouraged the ning clinic; and Howard Phillips, for­ seating of Black jurors in his court­ mer acting director of the Office of room. And in the Relf case, he has Economic Opportunity, the federal openly speculated that the women agency that funds the clinic. might have had venereal disease, The suit is backed by the Southern thereby justifying sterilization. Poverty Law Center, headed by Geor­ On. July 2, the Office of Economic gia State Representative Julian Bond. Opportunity announced that as many Bond commented on the fact that as 11 people may have been "invol­ Mary Alice Relf is mentally retarded. untarily" sterilized at the Montgomery "Sterilization of the retarded had its clinic. OEO agreed June 28 to cut precedent in Nazi Germany. This off funding for the clinic while it in­ The Relf family of Montgomery, Ala. Minnie lee, 14, (standing) and Mary Alice, 12, whole thing is a horrendous attack vestigates the Relfs' sterilization. The (sitting on arm of choir), were sterilized after 'boys were seen hanging around them.' on privacy, innocence, and the right Continued on poge 22 Thousands say: 'Viva Ia Huelga!· JULY 2- Actions in solidarity with Labor, and Father Daniel Reidy from Civic Center on June 29. More than nandez of the Socialist Workers Party; the striking United Farm Workers the Cleveland Interfaith Committee for 150 people participated in the picket Dan Leeds of the California Demo­ Union have involved thousands of the Farm Workers also spoke. The line. cratic Council; Art Kunkin, editor of UFW supporters from a wide variety Cleveland Newspaper Guild and Meanwhile, it was reported in Los the L.A. Free Press; Suz Rosen, UCLA of Chicano, political, religious, and Cleveland Typographical Union Angeles that a class-action suit would student body president; and Manuel labor groups- including rank-and-file Number 53 sent messages of solidar- · be filed there July 2 by rank-and-file Sierras of the Mexican-American Uni­ Teamsters. ity. Teamsters from at least 10 locals. ty Council. A crowd of nearly 1,000 people In Seattle, more than 200 people Their suit is accompanied by a re- In addition, several chapters of the cheered UFW director Cesar Chavez turned out for a June 28 picket line quest for a temporary restraining or- Raza Unida Party and MECHA have at a June 29 rally at St. John's Col­ at the Teamster offices. The picket der preventing Teamster officials from endorsed the action. Union endorsers lege in Cleveland. Chavez condemned was called to protest the recent phys­ "expending union funds to 'guard' include the Rubber Workers, Furni­ the recent Teamster goon attacks on ical assaults by Teamster thugs. property of grape growers or inter- ture and Upholsterers, and Hod Car­ A statement was read from Gary fere with picketing activities of the riers and Laborers. For on-the-spot reports on Cali­ Ewing, candidate for secretary-trea­ United Farm Workers Union and At a Farm Workers Support Co­ fornia grape strike, see page 7. surer of Teamsters Local 174. It read from enforcing 'sweetheart' contracts alition meeting on June 29, a Labor in part: in which Teamsters purport to rep- Union Committee was formed with "On behalf of concerned Teamsters resent field workers." More than 7,500 representatives from the Letter Car­ UFW members in Coachella and Ar­ of Local 174 I lend my support to Teamsters have signed petitions de- riers, Social Services Union, vin-Lamont, Calif. "The reason this the just cause of Cesar Chavez and manding an end to such strikebreak- AFSCME, Teamsters, Steelworkers, violence is coming down on us," he the United Farm Workers.... ing practices by their union officials. and American Federation of Teachers. said, "is because the Teamsters are "If [Teamster head] Frank Fitzsim­ The Fa~m Workers Support Coali­ losing out and they know it." mons wants to organize workers let tion in Los Angeles has called a UFW supporters have been picket­ William Casstevens, regional direc­ him start with the truckers for Farah march and rally for July 28. Initial ing A & P and Safeway supermarkets tor of the United Auto Workers, an­ Pants and other scab outfits and leave endorsers of the demonstration include in most major cities. The union has nounced that his union is donating the farm workers alone. They already Congresswoman Yvonne Braithwaite called for a nationwide boycott of $100,000 to the UFW. have a union." Burke; State Senator David Roberti; these two chains, which are among Sebastian Lupica, executive secre­ The Teamster violence was also pro­ State Assemblyman Richard Alatorre; the biggest buyers of scab lettuce and tary of the Cleveland Federation of tested by a silent vigil at Chicago's Bert Corona of CASA; Mariana Her- grapes.

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