DOCSLIB.ORG

Suplement 1A. Full Results of GC-MS Analysis of Populus Spp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Suplement 1A. Full Results of GC-MS Analysis of Populus Spp Suplement 1A. Full results of GC-MS analysis of Populus spp. buds essential oils* Black poplars (Populus nigra L.) Aspens (Populus tremula L.) Component RT KIEXP KIMF KINIST PN1 PN2 PN3 PN4 PN5 PN6 PN7 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 2-Methylbutanoic acid 4.35 836 ND1 839 tr tr - tr tr - - - - - - - - **o-Xylene 5.39 879 ND1 881 - - - - - tr tr - - - - - - Prenyl acetate 6.00 901 902 902 0.07 tr - - - - - - - - - - - trans-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid (Tiglic acid) 6.15 907 ND1 946 0.07 0.05 tr - - tr - - - - - - - *α-Thujene 6.58 921 932 925 tr tr - - - - - - - - - - - Benzaldehyde 6.76 927 941 933 0.10 0.08 - tr - tr tr tr - 0.13 0.18 0.15 0.07 α-Pinene 6.79 930 936 933 - - 0.18 tr 0.24 - tr - - - - - - **Camphene 7.23 942 950 946 tr tr - - - - - - - - - - - Phenol 7.77 957 ND1 957 - - - - - 0.12 - - - - 0.19 0.20 0.23 *3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-cyclopent-2-enone 7.92 962 ND1 977 0.14 0.06 0.06 - 0.42 - - - - - - - - 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 8.01 965 ND1 964 - - - - - 0.12 - - - - - - - **Sabinene 8.09 967 973 967 - - tr - tr - - - - - - - - **n-Hexanoic acid 8.26 971 ND1 982 - - - - - tr tr tr - - - - - **n-Octanal 8.60 980 981 982 - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - *β-Pinene 8.67 982 978 973 - - tr tr tr - - - - - - - - **α-Phellandrene 9.02 992 1002 998 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - Benzyl alcohol 9.49 1001 1006 1012 3.22 4.19 0.07 0.99 0.06 1.03 0.75 1.03 0.29 1.79 4.23 7.04 15.15 **α-Terpinene 9.54 1004 1013 1010 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - Salicylaldehyde 9.57 1005 1012 1029 - - - 0.24 1.06 0.20 0.17 - 0.06 0.64 0.74 0.65 1.08 **m-Cymene 9.66 1007 1013 1010 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - **β-Phellandrene 9.96 1015 1023 1021 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - Eucalyptol (1,8-Cyneole) 10.02 1016 1024 1022 tr tr - - tr - - - - tr - - - Limonene 10.03 1017 1025 1023 - - 0.12 tr 0.10 tr tr - - 0.06 - - - **cis-β-Ocimene 10.35 1026 1029 1028 tr tr - - - - - - - - - - - Acetophenone 10.56 1030 1036 1042 0.09 0.15 - tr tr - - - - tr - - - **trans-β-Ocimene 10.82 1038 1041 1038 - - tr - tr - - - - - - - - Benzyl formate 11.15 1046 1060 1046 - - - - - - - - - tr 0.10 0.06 - **γ-Terpinene 11.24 1047 1051 1050 - - - tr tr - - - - - - - - 1 Suplement 1B. Component RT KIEXP KIMF KINIST PN1 PN2 PN3 PN4 PN5 PN6 PN7 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 trans-Linalool oxide (furanoid) 11.61 1055 1058 1064 tr tr - 0.39 tr - - 0.14 0.15 0.12 - - - o-Guaiacol 11.66 1058 1072 1063 - - - - - tr tr - - - 0.15 0.15 0.35 Methyl benzoate 12.01 1065 1072 1072 - tr - 0.08 - tr tr tr - - 0.07 0.10 0.19 cis-Linalool oxide (furanoid) 12.21 1065 1072 1072 tr tr - 0.09 tr tr tr tr - tr 0.34 0.40 0.39 p-Cymene 12.15 1069 1075 1074 tr tr - - - - - - - - - - - *Terpinolene 12.50 1075 1082 1079 - - tr - tr - - - - - - - - 2-Phenylethanol 12.65 1079 1081 1088 0.34 4.25 tr 0.25 - 1.06 1.00 - - - 1.28 3.69 34.53 2-Nonanol 12.71 1082 1085 1089 - - - - - tr tr - - 0.05 0.10 0.12 0.18 Linalool 12.78 1082 1086 1086 - 0.22 tr 1.63 0.71 tr tr - - 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.29 *Benzyl component 12.91 1086 ND1 ND1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - **2-Metylobutyl-3-methylbutanoate 13.12 1090 ND1 1091 - - - - - tr tr - - - - - - **2-ethenyl-1,1-dimethyl-3-methylene-cyclohexane 13.49 1098 ND1 ND1 - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - **Veratrole 13.91 1106 1117 1111 - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - *2-Metyleno-acetophenone 14.19 1115 ND1 ND1 - - - 0.27 - - - - - - - - - Benzenepropanal 14.26 1117 ND1 1130 - - - - - 0.53 0.39 - - - - - - *cis-Pinocarveol 14.28 1118 1126 1126 tr tr - - - - - - - - - - - *Walerian 3-metylobut-2-enylu 14.55 1124 ND1 ND1 - - - 0.12 - - - - - - - - - **2-Fenylobutadien 14.66 1127 ND1 ND1 - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - Benzyl acetate 14.78 1130 1134 1139 0.48 0.14 - - tr tr tr - - tr 0.07 0.06 0.08 *cis-2-Nonenal 14.94 1134 ND1 1135 - - - - - - - - - - 0.18 0.20 - tran/cis-Linalool oxide (Pyranoid) 15.45 1144 1144 1164 - - - tr - - - 0.09 0.16 tr 0.14 0.17 0.28 Benzoic acid 16.26 1138 1160 1161 tr tr - - - 0.12 0.05 - - - 0.08 0.07 - o-Ethylphenol 15.21 1140 ND1 1139 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethyl benzoate 15.24 1141 1150 1142 - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - **Borneol 15.31 1142 1150 1136 - tr tr - - - - - - - - - - p-Cymen-8-ol 15.81 1154 ND1 1163 - - - tr tr - - - - - - - - 2 Suplement 1C. Component RT KIEXP KIMF KINIST PN1 PN2 PN3 PN4 PN5 PN6 PN7 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 **Terpinen-4-ol 15.88 1155 1164 1160 - tr tr tr tr - - - - tr - - - Methyl salicylate 16.29 1163 1171 1175 tr tr - 0.44 - 0.59 0.75 0.27 - 0.12 0.86 0.78 0.34 **a-Terpineol 16.45 1166 1176 1175 tr tr tr - tr tr tr - - 0.08 - - - **Safranal 16.39 1167 1182 1173 - - - 0.09 - - - - - - - - - β-Cyclocitral 17.48 1187 1195 1173 0.07 0.09 tr 0.75 tr - - - - - - - - 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran 17.53 1188 ND1 1190 - - - 0.56 - 0.92 0.68 tr - - 0.35 0.55 0.38 **p-Anisaldehyde 18.24 1206 1218 1224 - - - - - tr tr - - - - - - 2-Phenylethyl acetate 18.83 1221 1235 1228 0.36 0.09 - tr - tr 0.06 - - - - - - **cis-Cinnamaldehyde 18.94 1223 1234 1237 - - - - - - - tr - - - - - **Allyl benzoate 19.00 1224 ND1 1239 - - - - - - - tr - - - - - cis-Geraniol 19.43 1233 1235 1237 0.10 0.13 - - - - - tr 0.05 0.06 1.87 3.44 - n-Propyl benzoate 19.56 1238 1275 1275 - - - 0.20 - 0.13 0.12 - - - - - - Cinnamic alcohol 20.86 1269 1274 1275 - 0.09 - - - 0.67 0.50 - - - - - - *p-Vinylguaiacol 21.31 1277 1311 1295 0.24 0.27 - - - tr tr 0.30 0.13 0.09 4.24 5.26 1.31 2-Hydroxy-5-methylacetophenone 21.90 1290 ND1 1285 - - - - tr - - - - - - - - Methyl o-methoxybenzoate 21.97 1291 1300 1291 - 0.06 - 1.35 - - - - - - - - - 1-Methylpropyl benzoate 22.12 1294 1306 1302 - - - 3.18 - - - - - - - - - **Methyl geramate 22.26 1297 1306 1308 0.12 0.11 - - - - - - - - - - - **Methyl decanoate 22.60 1306 1300 1308 - tr - - - - - - - - - - - Methyl benzoylformate 22.73 1312 1313 ND1 - - - 1.48 - - - - - - - - - **8,9-Dehydro-cycloisolongifolene 22.98 1325 1320 ND1 - - tr tr - - - - - - - - - Eugenol 23.26 1331 1331 1335 0.20 0.28 tr - tr 0.05 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.20 2.28 3.78 14.21 3,4-Dimethoxystyrene 23.44 1337 1337 1354 - - - - 0.14 - - - - - - - - Butyl benzoate 23.79 1349 1556 1351 - - - 0.72 - 1.60 1.82 - - - - - - α-Cubebene 23.79 1349 1355 1365 - - tr - tr - - 0.11 0.06 0.13 - - - **Vanillin 23.93 1354 1355 1360 - - - - - - - tr - - - - - **Cyklosativene 24.15 1362 1390 ND1 - tr 0.05 - tr - - - - - - - - 3 Suplement 1D. Component RT KIEXP KIMF KINIST PN1 PN2 PN3 PN4 PN5 PN6 PN7 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 **Benzyl 3-methyl butanoate 24.20 1363 ND1 1371 0.05 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - **Cypera-2,4-diene 24.33 1373 1365 ND1 - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - α-Ylanglene 24.40 1370 1376 1370 0.35 0.30 0.61 0.27 0.36 - - 0.09 tr 0.06 - - - α-Copaene 24.52 1374 1379 1376 1.43 1.65 tr 0.59 tr tr tr 0.82 0.16 0.52 0.34 0.51 0.17 **β-Bourbonene 24.67 1379 1386 1382 - - - - - - - tr 0.05 tr 0.05 0.05 tr **β-Elemene 24.73 1381 ND1 1388 - - - - - - - - 0.06 0.08 - - - **β-Cubebene 24.76 1382 1378 ND1 - - 0.12 - - - - tr - 0.06 - - - 7-epi-Sesquithujene 24.84 1385 1387 1385 tr 0.16 - - tr - - - - - - - - **Cyperene 25.11 1394 1402 1398 - - - - - - - tr - tr - - - 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropyl benzoate 25.06 1392 ND1 1406 - - - tr - 0.57 0.53 - - - - - - **Cedrene 25.13 1392 ND1 1406 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - **Sesquithujene 25.15 1395 1399 1411 - tr - - tr - - - - - - - - α-Cedrene 25.20 1397 1413 1418 0.17 0.14 tr 0.06 tr tr 0.09 tr - - - - - cis-α-Bergamotene 25.37 1400 1409 1409 1.39 1.31 - - 0.14 0.64 0.91 - - - 0.11 0.11 - cis-β-Caryophyllene 25.39 1401 1409 1409 - 0.26 0.23 - 1.18 0.11 0.08 0.32 18.76 24.01 tr 0.09 - 2-Methylbutyl benzoate 25.33 1402 1419 1422 - - - 5.98 - 4.61 5.97 - - - - - - **3-Methylbut-3-enyl benzoate 25.41 1408 ND1 1426 - - - 0.13 - - - - - - - - - β-Copaene 25.50 1414 1430 1426 tr 0.17 0.05 0.06 0.56 tr tr 0.17 tr 0.08 tr tr tr *Sesquiterpene hydrocarbon 25.58 1419 ND1 ND1 - - tr - - - - - - - - - - trans-α-Bergamoten 25.70 1427 1434 1443 2.87 3.28 - 0.49 0.25 1.42 0.76 - - - 0.34 0.35 - α-Guaiene 25.73 1430 1434 1444 - - - - - - - - 6.91 10.24 - - - **cis-Muurola-3,5-diene 25.83 1436 1447 1454 - - - - tr - - tr 0.10 - - - - **Cadena-3 5-diene 25.85 1437 1448 *1458 - 0.14 - - 0.06 - - 0.07 - - - - - **Guaia-6,9-diene 25.86 1438 1448 1443 - - - 0.14 - - - - - - - - - **Isogermacrene D 25.89 1440 1445 1437 - - - - - 0.09 0.13 - - - - - - α-Humulene 25.94 1444 1455 1447 0.13 0.39 0.31 0.05 0.40 - - 0.15 8.30 8.77 - - - cis-β-Farnesene 25.99 1447 1446 1448 0.36 1.13 0.37 0.23 0.18 0.28 0.14 - - - - - - 4 Suplement 1E.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • THE SYNTHESIS OP Soivie HEW DERIVATIVES of COTAMIG AGID AO O-QXYDIPHEKYL
    I CAT no. LEt&i- HM.R*.,..ML i> a ACC. NO. gy-v-s-^ | THE SYNTHESIS OP SOIvIE HEW DERIVATIVES OF COTAMIG AGID AO O-QXYDIPHEKYL by Ralph G. D» Moore A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Iv'IASTER OF ARTS in the Department of CHEMISTRY Table of Contents Page Introduction I A. Preparation of 'benzyl m-io&o cinnamate . 1 B, Preparation of m-io&o benzyl cinnamate . , 7 G. Reaction of sodium on (1) m-io&o benzaldehyde and ethyl acetate (2) benzaldehyde and.benzyl acetate 13 D. Preparation of derivatives of 2-oxydiphenyl . 17 Synopsis of results . 26 r THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW DERIVATIVES 0I\ GEfflAMIC ACID AND O-OXYDIPHSNYL. Introduction. The purpose of this research was to build up derivatives of cinnamic acid (especially of its benzyl ester) and of o-oxydiphenyl for further use in bacteriological and biolo• gical work in connection with the prevention or cure of tuberculosis. Much work has been done on chemiGO-thera• peutic treatment of tuberculosis, and many simple compounds have been used with varying degrees of success (outlined below). It was held by certain physicians of Vancouver that if these various simple substances could be united and yet retain their individual effect on the disease, a more effi• cient method of treatment could be devised. We have worked solely with this end in view, since the synthesis of a new compound for no other reason than that it is new is now generally considered a. waste of time and money, rather than an original contribution to progress.
    [Show full text]
  • Cigarette Additives, Carcinogens and Chemicals Nicotine
    Cigarette Additives, Carcinogens and Chemicals Nicotine A Destructive Natural Pesticide Which ... Is extremely addictive when smoked Is extremely addictive when chewed Causes addiction as permanent as Is harder to quit than heroin or cocaine alcoholism Is not medicine and its use not therapy Is ineffective as a stand-alone quitting aid Prevents pre-cancerous cells from dying Accelerates cancer tumor growth rates Contributes to artery hardening Has a metabolite which may cause cancer May kill brain cells and impair memory Is linked to lung cancer Likely causes brain damage and Is also a fetus destroying teratogen depression Kills half of adult smokers 13-14 years Is beat by never taking another puff or early chew! 81 Cancer Causing Chemicals Have So Far Been Identified in Cigarettes Acetaldehyde Acetamide Acrylamide Acrylonitrile 2-Amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) 3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido [4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) 2-Amino-l-methyl-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-b]pyridine (PhlP) 2-Amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1) 3-Amino-l-methyl-5H-pyrido {4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2 2-Amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAaC) 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AaC) 4-Aminobiphenyl 2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-2) 0-Anisidine Arsenic Benz[a]anthracene Benzene Benzo[a]pyrene Benzo[b]fluoranthene Benzo[j]fluoranthene Benzo[k]fluoranthene Benzo[b]furan Beryllium 1,3-Butadiene Cadmium Catechol (1,2-benzenediol) p-Chloroaniline Chloroform Cobalt p,p'-DDT Dibenz[a,h]acridine Dibenz[a,j]acridine Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
    [Show full text]
  • (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
    US 20070088508A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0088508 A1 Childs (43) Pub. Date: Apr. 19, 2007 (54) COCRYSTALLIZATION METHODS Related US. Application Data (60) Provisional application No. 60/721,115, ?led on Sep. (76) Inventor: Scott Childs, Atlanta, GA (US) 28, 2005. Publication Classi?cation Correspondence Address: (51) Int. Cl. FINNEGAN, HENDERSON, FARABOW, GARRETT & DUNNER G06F 19/00 (2006.01) (52) US. Cl. .............................................................. .. 702/19 LLP 901 NEW YORK AVENUE, NW (57) ABSTRACT WASHINGTON, DC 20001-4413 (US) Methods for preparing cocrystals Wherein solutions of active agents in suitable liquids are combined With solutions of (21) Appl. No.: 11/527,395 guests, both With and Without suitable liquids, in an interface region are described herein. Methods for analyzing the (22) Filed: Sep. 27, 2006 cocrystals are also described. Patent Application Publication Apr. 19, 2007 Sheet 1 0f 2 US 2007/0088508 A1 Patent Application Publication Apr. 19, 2007 Sheet 2 0f 2 US 2007/0088508 A1 US 2007/0088508 A1 Apr. 19, 2007 COCRYSTALLIZATION METHODS costs, and manufacturing method may be modi?ed by using [0001] This application claims the bene?t of priority to a cocrystal rather than the active agent alone, or as a salt. provisional application No. 60/721,115, ?led on Sep. 28, [0006] An active agent can be screened for possible coc 2005, the contents of Which are incorporated by reference rystals Where polymorphic forms, hydrates, or solvates are herein. especially problematic. For example, a neutral compound that can only be isolated as amorphous material could be [0002] Cocrystals are crystals that contain tWo or more cocrystalliZed.
    [Show full text]
  • CAS # IUPAC Name/Chemical Name
    CAS # IUPAC Name/Chemical Name/Essenal Oil CAS, Common Name 57-10-3 Hexadecanoic acid Palmi&c acid, natural 57-55-6 Propane-1,2-diol Propylene glycol 59-02-9 (2R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol α-Tocopherol 60-12-8 2-Phenylethanol Phenylethyl alcohol 64-17-5 Ethanol Ethyl alcohol 64-18-6 Methanoic acid Formic acid 64-19-7 Ethanoic acid Ace&c acid 65-85-0 Benzoic acid Benzoic acid 66-25-1 Hexanal C-6 Aldehyde 67-63-0 Propan-2-ol 2-Propanol 67-64-1 Propan-2-one 2-Propanone 75-07-0 Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde 75-18-3 Methylsulfanylmethane Dimethyl sulfide 75-65-0 2-Methyl-propan-2-ol 2-Methyl-2-propanol 76-22-2 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one Camphor 77-53-2 (1S,2R,5S,7R,8R)-2,6,6,8-Tetramethyltricyclo[5.3.1.0(1,5)]undecan-8-ol Cedrol 77-54-3 (1S,2R,5S,8R)-2,6,6,8-Tetramethyltricyclo[5.3.1.0(1,5)]undecan-8-yl acetate Cedarwood oil acetylated 77-83-8 Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylate Ethyl methylphenylglycidate 77-90-7 1,2,3-Tributyl 2-(acetyloxy)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Tributyl o-acetylcitrate 77-92-9 3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid Citric acid; 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid 77-93-0 1,2,3-Triethyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Triethyl citrate 78-35-3 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl 2-methylpropanoate Linalyl isobutyrate 78-36-4 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl butanoate 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl butanoate 78-37-5 3,7-Dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate Linalyl cinnamate 78-69-3 3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol Tetrahydrolinalool
    [Show full text]
  • Various Ester Derivatives from Esterification Reaction of Secondary Metabolite Compounds: a Review
    MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences Review Article Open Access Various ester derivatives from esterification reaction of secondary metabolite compounds: a review Abstract Volume 5 Issue 3 - 2020 Secondary metabolite compounds have a very diverse structure that is widely used Mila Rosyda, Nanik Siti Aminah, Alfinda Novi as a source of new drug discovery because they have a variety of bioactivity. But in its development, there are several problems related to these compounds including low Kristanti Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, bioavailability, low solubility and instability in the metabolic process. Modification of Universitas Airlangga, Komplek Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, the structure of secondary metabolites is used to answer all these problems. One of the Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia processed was by synthesising the ester derivative compounds through the chemical and enzymatic esterification reaction. Esters derivatives of secondary metabolite compounds Correspondence: Nanik Siti Aminah, Department of can increase the diversity of structures, allow for increased biological activity and even Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas new biological activity of these compounds. This review will discuss various processes of Airlangga, Komplek Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, modification of the structure of secondary metabolite compounds through chemical and 60115 Indonesia, Email enzymatic esterification reactions that have been reported from 1994-2019. Received: June 09, 2020 | Published:
    [Show full text]
  • Food and Drug Administration, HHS § 172.515
    Food and Drug Administration, HHS § 172.515 [42 FR 14491, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 14644, Apr. 7, 1978; 49 FR 10104, Mar. 19, 1984; 54 FR 24897, June 12, 1989; 69 FR 24511, May 4, 2004; 72 FR 10357, Mar. 8, 2007] § 172.515 Synthetic flavoring sub- Amyl heptanoate. stances and adjuvants. Amyl hexanoate. Amyl octanoate. Synthetic flavoring substances and Anisole; methoxybenzene. adjuvants may be safely used in food in Anisyl acetate. accordance with the following condi- Anisyl alcohol; p-methoxybenzyl alcohol. tions. Anisyl butyrate (a) They are used in the minimum Anisyl formate. Anisyl phenylacetate. quantity required to produce their in- Anisyl propionate. tended effect, and otherwise in accord- Beechwood creosote. ance with all the principles of good Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal. manufacturing practice. Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; 2-phenyl-m-di- (b) They consist of one or more of the oxan-5-ol. following, used alone or in combination Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; 4- with flavoring substances and adju- methyl-2-phenyl-m-dioxolane. vants generally recognized as safe in Benzenethiol; thiophenol. Benzoin; 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone. food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or Benzophenone; diphenylketone. regulated by an appropriate section in Benzyl acetate. this part. Benzyl acetoacetate. Benzyl alcohol. Acetal; acetaldehyde diethyl acetal. Benzyl benzoate. Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal. Benzyl butyl ether. ′ Acetanisole; 4 -methoxyacetophenone. Benzyl butyrate. Acetophenone; methyl phenyl ketone. Benzyl cinnamate. Allyl anthranilate. Benzyl 2,3–dimethylcrotonate; benzyl methyl Allyl butyrate. tiglate. Allyl cinnamate. Benzyl disulfide; dibenzyl disulfide. Allyl cyclohexaneacetate. Benzyl ethyl ether. Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate. Benzyl formate. Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate. 3-Benzyl-4-heptanone; benzyl dipropyl ke- Allyl cyclohexaneproprionate.
    [Show full text]
  • Derivatives from Benzyl Chloride. by M
    PREPARATION OF I3ENZYL ESTERS. 20.59 [CONTRIBUTION FROM TIIE CHEMICALLABORATORY OF TIIE UNIVERSITYOF MICHIGAN.] THE PREPARATION OF BENZYL ESTERS AND OTHER BENZYL- DERIVATIVES FROM BENZYL CHLORIDE. BY M. GoMnERG AND C. c. BUCIILER. Received June 15, 1920. The facility with which carbon tetrachloride, benzotrichloride and benzophenone chloride can be made to condense with various derivatives of the aromatic series, with the aid of catalysts and often without them, suggested the idea that benzyl chloride also might be brought into a wider number of direct combinations tlian has been done hitherto, diverse as the reactivity of benzyl chloride is already known to be. The SUS- ceptibility of benzyl chloride to various metals has been observed before. Marussia Bakunin succeeded in inducing condensation of benzyl chloride with phenol,' and with a- and P-naphtho12by the use of zinc as catalyst. OnufrowiczR observed that benzyl chloride, heated with a considerable amount of copper at IIO-I~o', gave dibenzyl; but, as hydrochloric acid is produced, the reaction must be more complicated than the author judged. In technical works it has been found necessary to employ dis- tilling vessels with the interior glass-enameled, in order to avoid the cata- lytic influence of iron which may otherwise lead to explosive decomposition of the chloride. A trial with phenol showed us that benzyl chloride begins to react with it at 160-80', with evolution of hydrogen chloride. The addition, how- ever, of a minute quantity of copper bronze was found to accelerate the reaction greatly, and a temperature of I 15-20' sufficed. The influence of copper was next tested in the preparation of benzyl esters.
    [Show full text]
  • Annex I: Clinical Evidence Regarding Sensitisation to Individual Fragrance Chemicals and to Natural Extracts
    Annex I: Clinical evidence regarding sensitisation to individual fragrance chemicals and to natural extracts Contents Single chemicals ............................................................................. 2 Catalogue of single chemicals evaluated ............................................. 5 Natural extracts / essential oils ........................................................68 Catalogue of natural extracts / essential oils evaluated ........................68 References ....................................................................................99 1 Single chemicals Often, results with the single constituents of the FM I or, yet more rarely, FM II, are presented in one paper. As the main ordering is by allergen, core information on these studies is presented in a tabular format and referenced by a unique acronym in the single sections, to avoid redundancy. Regarding nomenclature, terms which are often not officially an INCI Name but Perfuming Name as listed by CosIng are used. Table 1: Background information on studies reporting results with (all) single constituents of the FM I (amyl cinnamal, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamal, eugenol, geraniol, hydroxycitronellal, isoeugenol, EVERNIA PRUNASTRI) Reference Country Study period, Comments by Patients reviewers Larsen 2002 c 7 industrial countries Prior to 2002 Test concentrations (1) worldwide n=218 patients with identified as non- known contact allergy irritating in serial to fragrance dilution testing in 20 ingredients healthy volunteers Utrecht 1999 Utrecht, The Netherlands
    [Show full text]
  • Related Esters and Alcohols of Cinnamic Acid and Cinnamyl Alcohol When Used As Fragrance Ingredients Q
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Food and Chemical Toxicology 45 (2007) S1–S23 www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox Review A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of related esters and alcohols of cinnamic acid and cinnamyl alcohol when used as fragrance ingredients q The RIFM Expert Panel D. Belsito a, D. Bickers b, M. Bruze c, P. Calow d, H. Greim e, J.M. Hanifin f, A.E. Rogers g, J.H. Saurat h, I.G. Sipes i, H. Tagami j a University of Missouri (Kansas City), Division of Dermatology, 6333 Long Avenue, Shawnee, KS 66216, USA b College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA c Lund University, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101 Malmo SE-20502, Sweden d Department of Environmental, Social and Spatial Change, Roskilde University, DK 4000, Denmark e Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Hohenbachernstrasse 15-17, D-85354 Freising, Germany f Oregon Health Sciences University, Department of Dermatology L468, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97201-3098, USA g Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118-2394, USA h University Hospital Geneva, Department of Dermatology, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland i University of Arizona, Health Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, 1703 East Mable Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA j Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai 980, Japan Abstract An evaluation and review of a structurally related group of fragrance materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Smoking Cessation in Chronic Disease Populations, Cancer, HIV
    Smoking Cessation in the Oncology Setting - How Smoking Adversely Affects Cancer Treatments and Outcomes Ellen R. Gritz, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Olla S. Stribling Distinguished Chair for Cancer Research Department of Behavioral Science 8th Annual Conference on Health Disparities: The Intersection of Smoking, HIV/AIDS and Cancer University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, Texas May 30, 2013 Overview • Cancer incidence and projected disparities • Cancer mortality and survivor trends • Smoking prevalence among cancer survivors • Adverse effects of smoking on cancer treatments and outcomes • Addressing tobacco use in the oncology setting • NCI conference on Treating Tobacco Dependence at Cancer Centers • MD Anderson Tobacco Treatment Program • Policy Implications 2 Disparities in Estimated Cancer Incidence from 2010-2030 • From 2010-30, total cancer incidence will increase by an additional 45% from 1.6 to 2.3 million, driven disproportionately by age and race/ethnicity • A 67% increase is anticipated for patients 65 years, compared to 11% for patients 65 • A 99% increase is anticipated for minorities, compared to 31% for whites • Percentage of all cancers diagnosed in minorities will increase from 21% to 28% Projected cases of all invasive cancers in the United States by race and origin. (*) Nonmelanoma skin cancers were excluded from projections. The Hispanic origin group contains individuals of any race. The race groups white, black, Asian/Pacific Smith BD, Smith GL, Hurria A, Hortobagyi GN, Islander (PI), American Indian
    [Show full text]
  • Essential Oils and Their Single Compounds in Cosmetics—A Critical Review
    cosmetics Review Essential Oils and Their Single Compounds in Cosmetics—A Critical Review Asja Sarkic and Iris Stappen * Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +43-1-4277-555-52 Received: 5 December 2017; Accepted: 3 January 2018; Published: 12 January 2018 Abstract: Essential oils are widely incorporated in cosmetic products, perfumes and related household products due to the variety of their properties but mainly due to their pleasant odour. The composition of these volatile natural complex mixtures may vary depending on the quality of plant material from which they were obtained and the extraction method by which they were derived. These factors are also important in ensuring the safe use of essential oils in personal care products. As they contain compounds with varied chemical structure and effects, skin sensitivity and irritations as well as other symptoms may arise after their application. Although essential oils are considered as safe and nontoxic when used at low concentrations, available scientific literature indicates that essential oils and their compounds may possess a strong allergy potential. This review focuses on side effects and allergy contact dermatitis caused by selected essential oils and their single compounds in cosmetic products, summarizing data from the most recent scientific literature. Keywords: activity; allergy; contact dermatitis; fragrance; side effects; regulations 1. Introduction Essential oils as well as their isolated compounds are widely used in cosmetic products as they offer a variety of benefits. Their biological activities range from analgesic, antiseptic, antimicrobial, carminative, diuretic, spasmolytic to hyperaemic and stimulatory.
    [Show full text]
  • EAFUS: a Food Additive Database
    U. S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Office of Premarket Approval EAFUS: A Food Additive Database This is an informational database maintained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) under an ongoing program known as the Priority-based Assessment of Food Additives (PAFA). It contains administrative, chemical and toxicological information on over 2000 substances directly added to food, including substances regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as direct, "secondary" direct, and color additives, and Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) and prior-sanctioned substances. In addition, the database contains only administrative and chemical information on less than 1000 such substances. The more than 3000 total substances together comprise an inventory often referred to as "Everything" Added to Food in the United States (EAFUS). This list of substances contains ingredients added directly to food that FDA has either approved as food additives or listed or affirmed as GRAS. Nevertheless, it contains only a partial list of all food ingredients that may in fact be lawfully added to food, because under federal law some ingredients may be added to food under a GRAS determination made independently from the FDA. The list contains many, but not all, of the substances subject to independent GRAS determinations. The list below is an alphabetical inventory representing only five of 196 fields in FDA/CFSAN's PAFA database. To obtain the entire database, including abstractions of over 7,000 toxicology studies performed on substances added to food as well as a search engine to locate desired information, order Food Additives: Toxicology, Regulation, and Properties, available in CD-ROM format from CRC Press.
    [Show full text]