BRIEFING PAPER Number 4191, 18 June 2018

Sources of statistics: By Georgina Sturge Richard Keen Constituency statistics Yago Zayed

Contents: Summary 3 Sources of statistics by topic 6 Businesses 6 Constituency profiles 7 Charities 7 Crime, policing 7 8 Elections and electorates 10 Energy 11 Geography, constituency boundaries 12 Health service 12 Housing 13 Immigration 14 Incomes and taxpayers 15 Internet (broadband) 15 market – unemployment, employment and wages 15 Population, demography 17 Religion 18 Social security, tax credits and child benefit 19 Transport and traffic 21

www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Contents

Summary 3 Sources of statistics by topic 6 Businesses 6 Constituency profiles 7 Charities 7 Crime, policing 7 Education 8 Elections and electorates 10 Energy 11 Geography, constituency boundaries 12 Health service 12 Housing 13 Immigration 14 Incomes and taxpayers 15 Internet (broadband) 15 Labour market – unemployment, employment and wages 15 Population, demography 17 Religion 18 Social security, tax credits and child benefit 19 Transport and traffic 21

Cover page image: Free for personal and use without attribution under licence CC0 Public Domain. Source: https://pxhere.com/en/photo/1056579

3 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Summary

This briefing paper forms part of the series ‘Sources of Statistics’, which has been produced by the House of Commons Library. This paper is a guide to Westminster (UK) Parliamentary constituency statistics on a range of topics. For in depth examination of individual topics, please refer to other guides in this series. This briefing paper has been arranged around different topics of statistics. Within each sub-section there is an explanation of the data available at the constituency level on this topic and a list of the names of these sources. This briefing paper is best viewed on an electronic device since it contains direct links to the sources themselves. The primary sources of official statistics at the constituency level are the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and Government departments and their associated agencies. Although there is no central database reporting on all indicators for a given constituency, the ONS has attempted to co-ordinate a list of available datasets across different departments. Its Data Catalogue lists all the national and official statistics that are available for Westminster Parliamentary constituencies and also for constituencies of the devolved parliaments. The table on the following page summarises the data which is available at the Westminster constituency level.

Local data published by the Library The Commons Library publishes research briefings and interactive tools that have data on local areas, collected on the Library website at www.commonslibrary.parliament.uk/local-data. You can use our constituency dashboard to see headline statistics about constituencies, or browse all our local data resources by topic.

4 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Sources of statistics by topic Smaller Con- Other sub- unit stituency national Highest unit Business, industry Businesses by industry Great Britain Constituency profiles UK Charities Lottery grants UK Crime/ policing Crimes, police administrative data E, W, and NI Education Exam and test results England Pupil numbers England School characteristics England School leavers outcomes England Higher education indicators England Elections and electorates Election results UK Election spending UK Polling UK Energy Fuel poverty England Solar panel installations Great Britain Geography/ constituency boundaries Maps UK Proposed changes to boundaries UK Health service Disease prevalence, general health UK Unpaid care UK GP prescriptions England Organ donors Housing Housing stock and characteristics UK Homelessness E House prices E & W Help to Buy loans E Leasehold homes E & W Immigration Estimated stocks and flows UK Incomes, taxpayers, tax credits Incomes and tax burden UK Tax credits UK Internet (broadband) UK Labour market Employment and unemployment UK Occupations UK Earnings UK Apprenticeships E, W, S, NI Population/ demography Population at census and estimates UK Demographic indicators UK Religion Prevalence of religion UK Listed buildings and monuments England 5 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Social security benefits Benefit coverage Great Britain Expenditure on social transfers UK Tax credits UK Transport and traffic Traffic counts Great Britain Road accidents and casualties UK

6 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Sources of statistics by topic Businesses The ONS publishes data from the annual Business Register and Employment Survey at the constituency level through its National Online Manpower Information System (NOMIS) platform. A simple profile of the number of registered businesses in a constituency and change over time is produced by the House of Commons Library, using data from the ONS Business activity, size and location release. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on businesses.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Constituency businesses Number of VAT Current Constituency, dashboard and/or PAYE (2017) region, UK (House of Commons registered enterprises. Library: ONS data) Annual Business Survey GVA, employment Annual UK, regions (ONS) and financial information by industry. Business Register and Employment by Annual Great Britain, Employment Survey industry. Part- regions, time/full-time constituencies, (ONS) employees. other sub- national geographies Business population Private sector Annual UK, regions estimates (BEIS) businesses (including businesses with no employees) and turnover by size, form and industry. Business activity, size VAT and PAYE Annual UK, regions, and location (ONS) businesses by legal constituencies, status, industry, other sub- turnover and national employment. geographies Business Demography Business births and Annual UK, regions, (ONS) deaths, and survival local rate by industry. authorities. Small Business Survey Survey of business Annual UK (BEIS) activity, performance, and expectations. Characteristics of business owners.

7 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Constituency profiles The House of Commons Library publishes research briefings and interactive tools with data for constituencies and other local areas. The Library also publishes 2011 Census data on a selection of indicators for each constituency. The ONS’s guide to parliamentary constituencies explains the relationship between the constituencies of the House of Commons, National Assembly for Wales, Scottish Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly. The ONS Data Catalogue brings together a searchable index of all ONS statistics available at constituency level.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Local data resources Population, Current Constituency, Constituency dashboard demography, UK unemployment Topic-specific local data benefits, welfare, dashboards housing, wages, (House of Commons Library) elections, businesses Census 2011 Population, 2011 Constituency, constituency results demography, UK (House of Commons Library) economic indicators, employment Guide to parliamentary Reference/ Current Constituency, constituencies information UK (ONS) Data Catalogue for Reference 2010 to Different types Parliamentary present of Constituencies constituency, UK (ONS)

Charities The Department for Culture, Media and Sport’s Lottery Grants search tools allows users to search all records of National Lottery grants received by constituency since 1995.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography DCMS Lottery Grants Lottery grants Annual since Constituency, Search 1995 region, UK (House of Commons Library) See the Sources of Statistics: Charities, social action and civil society guide for further information.

Crime, policing Most crime statistics, such as the ONS’s Crime Survey of England and Wales (CSEW) and Home Office’s Police Recorded Crime Series are available at the Police force level but not at constituency level. The 8 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

company UK Crime Stats compiles data on recorded offences and other Police administrative indicators at the constituency and postcode level. These are not designated as official statistics. An account is required for access to certain datasets. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on crime.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography UK Crime Stats Police-recorded crime, Monthly Postcode, other Police Constituency, (UKCrimeStats.com) administrative data Police force, England, Wales and Northern Ireland

Education The Get information about schools service is a register of schools, colleges and universities in England which can be used to search for and download information on establishments, establishment groups or governors at the constituency level. Primary and secondary The Department for Education (DfE) provides school and college performance tables available to search online for constituencies in England. The Department’s Schools, pupils and their characteristics publication provides data on the number of schools and pupils by area. The DfE also releases constituency level data on attainment at key stages 2 as part of its National curriculum assessments and for key stage 4 (GCSE) as part of its Inspection and performance of schools release. School-leaving and higher education Statistics on the destination of young people (i.e. work, further education, or training) the year after they completed key stage 4 or 5 are also available by constituency, from the DfE and the Skills Funding Agency. The Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) has a tool charting over time the percentage of young people entering higher education by the age of 19, by constituency. UCAS’s Application and entry rate data explorer is an interactive tool that can be used to find higher education data at the constituency level. The underlying data can also be downloaded from UCAS’s End of cycle report. The ONS also provides a visualisation of the percentage of the population, by constituency, who have a degree (this covers the entirety of the UK). See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on education.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Get information about School characteristics Current Constituency, schools (Add a new filter for England constituency data) 9 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

(UK Government) School and college Exam and test results, Annual Postcode, performance tables1 Ofsted reports, Constituency, Financial information Local (Department for Education Authority, (DfE)) England

National curriculum Attainment (Table A5 Annual Constituency, assessments: Key stage 2 in file ‘Additional England (DfE) tables: SFR69/2017’)

GCSE and equivalent Attainment (Table Annual Constituency, results: Key stage 4 PC1 in Pupil residency England (DfE) and school location tables: SFR01/2018)

Schools, pupils and their Pupils and school Annual, since Constituency, 2 characteristics characteristics 2010 Local (DfE) Authority, England

Destinations of key Occupation (work, Annual, since Constituency, stage 4 and key stage 5 further education, or 2010 Local pupils Authority, training) after key England (DfE) stage 4 and 5.

Further Education and Young people 2017/18 Constituency, Skills data by geography, entering higher Local equality and diversity education Authority, Region, (DfE) England Trends in young Young people 1998-2011 Constituency participation by entering higher parliamentary education constituency (Higher Education Funding Council for England) UCAS Application and Higher education Annual, since Constituency Entry rates admissions 2006 (University and Colleges Admissions Service) Percentage of Degree 2011 Constituency population with a degree (ONS) See the Sources of Statistics: Education guide for further information.

1 The equivalent databases on school performance for Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales do not disaggregate by constituency. 2 Note: school level data is contained within the “underlying data” download linked to each annual release, together with constituency indicators 10 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Elections and electorates Election results For analysis of UK General Election results by Parliamentary constituency, see the Library’s 2001, 2005, 2010, and 2017 General Election research papers. Further information on election results is available from the Electoral Commission, founded in 2001; the BBC‘s dedicated General Election pages also provide an abundance of statistical information and media analysis. The Electoral Commission also publishes data on general election campaign spending by constituency. Electorate The ONS provides annual publications on electorate registration statistics by constituency. The Ordnance Survey election maps and boundary tool allows users to compare and overlay multiple administrative geographies. Polling Polling data at a constituency level is limited due to the expense of polling local areas. Lord Ashcroft’s collection of constituency polls, collected on a one-off and rolling basis, provide a range of information for constituencies across Great Britain. UK Polling Report’s online constituency guide collates further electoral statistics, latest polls and candidate information. EU Referendum results The House of Commons Library has also compiled information on the results of the 2017 EU referendum by constituency. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on elections.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Elections

General Election results by Election results 2001-2017 Constituency, constituency 2001, 2005, UK 2010, 2015, 2017 (and dashboard for 2017). (House of Commons Library) BBC General Election Election results and 2001-2017 Constituency, results 1997, 2001, 2005, analysis UK 2010 2015, 2017 (BBC)

General Election results Election results 2001-2017 Constituency, (Electoral Commission) UK General Election Election spending 2001-2017 Constituency, spending UK (Electoral Commission) 11 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Electorate

Electoral registration and Voting population, 2000-2018 Constituency, electorate statistics demographics UK (ONS) Ordnance Survey Constituency Current All types of election maps and boundaries constituency, UK boundary tool (Ordnance Survey) EU referendum results

2017 EU referendum Referendum results 2017 Constituency results by constituency (some estimated) (House of Commons Library)

Polling

Lord Ashcroft Voting intention 2005-2018 Selected Constituency Polls constituencies, Great Britain (LordAshcroftPolls)

UK Polling Report Election results, 2017 (older Constituency, constituency guides polling versions region, UK archived) (UK Polling Report) See the Sources of Statistics: Elections guide for further information. Energy The Department for Business, Energy and Strategy publishes annual statistics on the number and proportion of households that are fuel poor by parliamentary constituency and a range of other small area geographies. It also publishes annual statistics on installations of renewable energy generators (such as solar panels) that have been confirmed on the Central Feed-in Tariff Register.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

Fuel Poverty sub- Number/ proportion Annual, Constituency, regional statistics of fuel-poor 2010-15 Local Authority, Sub- households (Department for Business, region, Energy & Industrial Strategy) England

Sub-regional Feed-in Installations of Quarterly Constituency, Tariffs statistics photovoltaic panels since 2013 Local Authority, and energy sources, (Department for Business, region, kW energy produced Energy & Industrial Strategy) country, Great Britain

12 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Geography, constituency boundaries Westminster parliamentary constituency boundaries in England, Wales and Northern Ireland have been in place since 2010; previous constituencies were in place since 1997. In Scotland, current constituencies have been in place since 2005. The Ordnance Survey provides an online tool which overlays all constituency boundaries onto a map of Great Britain (note that Northern Ireland is not included). The House of Commons Library has produced an interactive map of current proposed changes to Westminster parliamentary constituency boundaries.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

Ordnance Survey Constituency Current All election maps and boundaries constituency types, UK boundary tool (Ordnance Survey)

Map of proposed Proposed and current Current Constituency, changes to constituency constituency UK boundaries boundaries (House of Commons Library)

Health service Most health service statistics, which are available from Public Health England’s data platform, are available for Local Authority, hospital providers or Clinical Commissioning Group but not constituencies. Some indicators of the health of the population are available at constituency level. The online data tool NOMIS allows users to analyse constituency level data on the general health of usual residents, together with information on providers of unpaid care and the number of hours of care that they provide. Data on self-reported general health has also been visualised in map form by the ONS. The House of Commons Library has produced some ad hoc publications which report the prevalence of diabetes and of dementia at the constituency level. Some health service indicators are also available at constituency level. The House of Commons Library has a briefing on GP prescribing by constituency. The NHS publishes a record of the number of organ donors by constituency. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on health.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

General health statistics, Self-reported general 2011 (census) Constituency, by constituency health Local Authority, Also in map form (ONS) Region, Country, UK 13 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Health and provision of Health of usual 2011 (census) Constituency, unpaid care residents, provision of Local Authority, unpaid care, hours of (ONS) Region, unpaid care Country, UK

Diabetes prevalence Diabetes diagnoses 2016/17 Ward, constituency, (House of Commons Library; England NHS Digital data)

Dementia prevalence Dementia diagnoses, 2016 Constituency, age (data can be England (House of Commons Library; downloaded in Excel NHS Digital data) format)

GP prescribing Prescription rate by 2015 Constituency, type of drug, England (House of Commons Library; ingredient cost NHS Digital data)

Organ donors Number of registered Current Constituency, donors UK (NHS Blood and Transplant) See the Sources of Statistics: Health and Social Care guide for further information.

Housing The Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government (MHCLG) publishes monthly statistics on the government’s Help to Buy equity loan scheme and Help to Buy New Buy scheme; publications include data for England by local authority, postcode sector and parliamentary constituency. Further housing data is available for UK constituencies from the census via the NOMIS online search tool (England & Wales), Scottish Census and from the Northern Ireland Statistics Research Agency (NISRA). The House of Commons Library has created a tool for comparing house prices by constituency and over time from 1995 to 2018. The Library has also published a briefing paper on leasehold properties which contains data on the number and proportion of leasehold properties by constituency. Data on homelessness and housing supply are not available at the constituency level although the Library has published briefings on these topics which provide data at the Local Authority level. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on housing.

14 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Help to Buy statistics Help to Buy loans 2013 Postcode, onwards Constituency, (MHCLG) Local Authority

Census housing Dwellings, housing 2011 (census) Constituency, statistics, e.g. dwellings, tenures, number of Local rooms etc. Authority, tenure and rooms Region, (ONS) Country, UK

Census tenure Housing tenures 2011 (census) Constituency, dashboard region, UK (House of Commons Library; Census data) Scotland housing Dwellings, housing 2011 (census) Constituency, statistics tenures, number of Local rooms etc. Authority, (National Records of Scotland) Scotland

Northern Ireland housing Dwellings, housing 2011 (census) Constituency, statistics tenures, number of Northern rooms etc. Ireland (NISRA) House prices data and House prices 1995-2018 Constituency, house price dashboard Local authority, (ONS, House of Commons England and Library) Wales Leasehold homes Homes sold under 2016 Constituency, leasehold (data in the England and (House of Commons Library; Excel file for Wales data from MHCLG) download) See the Sources of Statistics: Housing guide for further information.

Immigration Although data are not available for parliamentary constituencies, ONS publishes migration data for local authorities for both internal and international migration in its Local Area Migration Indicators. It also publishes estimates of resident population with non-British nationality and non-UK country of birth, and data for Migrant National Number registrations, Flag 4 GP registrations and Workers registrations.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Country of birth Country of birth 2011 (census) Constituency, dashboard region, UK

(House of Commons Library; Census data)

Local Area Migration Stocks, non-UK born 2004-2016 Constituency, Indicators population, non-UK region, nationality country, UK 15 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

(ONS) population, NiNo registrations, GP registrations, births to non-UK mothers

Incomes and taxpayers HMRC’s personal income by tax year release provides estimates of mean and median values of income by type, total income and total tax for income taxpayers resident in each country, region and parliamentary constituency. Estimates do not include individuals whose income is sufficiently low that they are not required to pay income tax. These values are sample based estimates; confidence intervals at the 95% level are available in a separate table.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Income and tax by Mean and median 2010-2015 Constituency, Parliamentary income from different region, sources (income country, UK constituency taxpayers only), tax (HM Revenue & Customs)

Internet (broadband) The House of Commons Library publishes a constituency dashboard and briefing paper on broadband speeds. The briefing paper has an accompanying Excel sheet containing data by constituency and ward. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on broadband.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Broadband coverage and Broadband speed and 2017 and Constituency, speeds dashboard coverage 2018 UK (House of Commons Library; Ofcom data)

Broadband coverage and Broadband speed, 2017 Ward, speeds: local statistics coverage of types of Constituency, region, (House of Commons Library; connection country, UK Ofcom data)

Labour market – unemployment, employment and wages Monthly data on people claiming unemployment benefits (Jobseeker’s Allowance, or Universal Credit claimants who are required to seek work) are presented in the Library’s People claiming unemployment benefits by constituency briefing paper and Constituency Profiles pages. 16 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Estimates of employment and unemployment levels are available from the ONS Annual Population Survey and can be accessed through the ONS Nomis website, either using the query option or through Nomis constituency profiles. However, the number of survey respondents per constituency tends to be small so estimates can be unreliable: it is very difficult to discern genuine variation over time or between areas from what is simply the result of survey error. Therefore this source is generally unsuitable for analysing changes over time by constituency. Data on earnings levels are published by ONS in its Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings release and reported for constituency of residence and constituency of workplace. The House of Commons Library provides an easy-to-use constituency profile tool showing average wages by constituency. As with figures on employment and unemployment, estimates are survey-based and small numbers of respondents mean this source is not suitable for analysing changes over time at the constituency level. Figures for apprenticeship starts by constituency are provided in the Library’s note on Apprenticeship Statistics, based on data published in the Department for Education / Education and Skills Funding Agency’s FE Data Library. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on work and incomes.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography People claiming Number and rate of Monthly Constituency, unemployment benefits people claiming region, unemployment country, UK dashboard benefits (House of Commons Library)

NOMIS Labour market Employment, Various Constituency, profiles unemployment, local authority, qualifications, region, (ONS) earnings, benefits, country, UK But see note above on survey businesses error and changes over time Annual Population Various, including Annual, Constituency, Survey employment and rolling four local authority, unemployment quarter region, (ONS) periods from country, UK But see note above on survey 2004 error and changes over time Annual Survey of Hours Earnings, Annual Constituency, and Earnings hours worked local authority, region, (ONS) country, UK Average earnings Median gross weekly Annual Constituency, dashboard pay for full-time region, UK employees (House of Commons Library; ONS data) 17 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Business Register and Employee numbers by Annual Constituency, Employment Survey location of workplace local authority, region, Great (ONS) Britain

Public sector Number of employees Annual Constituency employment by in public and private sector, by location of parliamentary workplace constituency (House of Commons Library; ONS data) Apprenticeships Apprenticeship starts3 Annual from Constituency, Statistics 2005/06 England (academic (House of Commons Library) years)

FE data library: Apprenticeship starts Quarterly Constituency, apprenticeships and achievements local authority, region, (DfE / Education and Skills England Funding Agency) See the Sources of Statistics guide on the Labour Market for further information. Population, demography NOMIS provides population data at the constituency level which is easily accessible using its constituency profiles tool. Data is based on the latest census (2011). Similar tools are available for Scotland and Northern Ireland, though data from the Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics tool is based on constituencies for the Scottish Parliament as opposed to the House of Commons. Annual estimates of population size by constituency are available from the ONS’ Small Area Population Estimates, starting mid-2013. Estimates 2002-2013 are available from the ONS’ former series Parliamentary Constituency Population Estimates. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on communities, including population and demography.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography Census figures Dashboards on country of Population, 2011 (census) Constituency, birth and ethnicity. demographic region, UK indicators (House of Commons Library)

NOMIS constituency Population, 2011 (census) Constituency, profiles (England and demographic England and Wales Wales) (ONS) indicators

3 A table containing constituency data is provided under ‘Supporting documents’. 18 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Scottish Neighbourhood Population, 2011 (census) Constituency, Statistics demographic Scotland indicators (Scottish Government)

Northern Ireland Population, 2011 (census) Constituency, Neighbourhood Statistics demographic Northern Ireland indicators4 (Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service)

Post-census estimates

Population by age Population estimates Annual Constituency, dashboard region, UK

(House of Commons Library)

Small Area Population Population estimates 2013 Ward, Estimates onwards Constituency, region, (ONS) England and Wales

Parliamentary Population estimates Annual Ward, Constituency Mid-Year Constituency, region, Population Estimates England and (ONS) Wales

Religion The House of Commons Library has an online tool which provides a breakdown of religion (using 2011 Census data) by parliamentary constituency. A separate tool from the Library shows religion by constituency, alongside other demographic indicators. Historic England has a tool which provides a list and map of listed buildings and scheduled monuments, by parliamentary constituency.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

Religion by constituency Religion, other 2011 (census) Constituency, and religion and other demographic UK indicators indicators (House of Commons Library)

Listed buildings and Listed buildings, Current Street, Ward, monuments monuments, other Constituency, Borough, notable sites (Historic England) Region, England

4 Note: When using the statistics tool, Westminster parliamentary constituency is classified using code ‘AA’ 19 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

Social security, tax credits and child benefit A wide range of social security, tax credits and child benefit statistics are available at constituency level. The ONS Nomis website is one source of social security statistics. The ‘Query data’ tool shows the total Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) working age client group plus caseload by constituency (2010 boundaries) going back to 2004. DWP data for before May 2010 are given for the pre-2010 constituencies. The ‘Claimant count’ dataset on Nomis shows the number of people claiming Jobseeker's Allowance plus those who claim Universal Credit and are required to seek work. Data for current constituency boundaries are available from October 2004 onwards. The DWP Stat-Xplore tool also provides constituency level statistics on: • Universal Credit (UC) (including data on both the number of people and the number of households in receipt of benefit) • Housing Benefit (including the number affected by the under- occupation deduction in the social rented sector, also dubbed the ‘Bedroom Tax’ or ‘Removal of the Spare Room Subsidy’) • Personal Independence payment (PIP) (introduced in 2013 to replace DLA for working-age claimants) • Disability Living Allowance (DLA) • Employment Support Allowance (ESA) • The ‘Benefit Cap’ (the number of working-age out-of-work households whose total benefit is or has been capped at either £500pw (couples/lone parents) or £350 (single no children) since spring 2013 when it was introduced) • State Pension (including the new State Pension) • Sanction decision statistics (including data on claimants sanctioned while in receipt of ESA, JSA, UC or Income Support) The total amount spent on benefits in each constituency is available from the DWP’s Benefit expenditure and caseload tables. HMRC publishes separate datasets on the number of families in receipt of child and working tax credits and child benefit. The DWP’s personal tax credits publications provide summary statistics on individuals and households receiving Working Tax Credits and/or Child Tax Credits by parliamentary constituency. See the Library website for our latest resources with local data on social security.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

DWP benefits by type Employment and 1999-present Constituency (ONS / DWP) support allowance and other geographies, and predecessors Great Britain (Incapacity benefit, 20 Sources of statistics: Constituency statistics

Severe Disablement Allowance), Income Support, Job seekers allowance, Carers allowance, Disability living allowance (DLA), Attendance Allowance, Pension credit, State pension, Bereavement benefits

DWP Stat-Xplore Housing Benefit, Various Constituency Universal Credit, and other (DWP) geographies, Jobseekers Great Britain Allowance, Employment and Support Allowance, Personal Independence Payment, State Pension, benefit sanctioned, Attendance Allowance, Disability Living Allowance, Benefit cap

Claimant Count statistics Jobseeker’s 1971-present Constituency allowance, Universal and other (ONS / DWP) geographies, credit Great Britain

DWP Benefits Expenditure on 1948/49 to Constituency, expenditure (DWP) benefits by category present (in region, some cases) country, UK.

HMRC Child and Families in receipt of April 2009 to Constituency Working Tax Credits Child and Working present and other geographies, (HMRC) Tax Credits. See in United particular HMRC’s Kingdom provisional geographic statistics.

Child Benefit Families in receipt of August 2009 Constituency Child Benefit to present and other (HMRC) geographies, United Kingdom

Personal tax credits: Child and working tax 2008 Constituency, finalised award statistics credits onwards region, UK – geographic statistics (DWP) 21 Commons Library Briefing, 18 June 2018

See the Sources of Statistics: Social Security guide for further information.

Transport and traffic The Department for Transport’s Traffic Counts online tool provides street-level data for junction-to-junction links of the A road and motorway network in Great Britain. Users can analyse information on specific roads/junctions and by local authority. See the Department for Transport’s road accident and safety statistical tables for small area data on road accidents and casualties.

Dataset Indicators Dates Geography

Traffic counts: Traffic counts Annual, Road (can be Department for 2000-2016 built up to constituency), Transport online tool local authority, (Department for Transport) region, Great Britain

Road accident and Road accidents (data Quarterly Constituency, safety: statistical tables set RAS10016), since 2012 local authority, Great Britain casualties in road (Department for Transport) accidents (data set RAS30079) See the Sources of Statistics: Transport guide for further information.

About the Library The House of Commons Library research service provides MPs and their staff with the impartial briefing and evidence base they need to do their work in scrutinising Government, proposing legislation, and supporting constituents. As well as providing MPs with a confidential service we publish open briefing papers, which are available on the Parliament website. Every effort is made to ensure that the information contained in these publicly available research briefings is correct at the time of publication. Readers should be aware however that briefings are not necessarily updated or otherwise amended to reflect subsequent changes. If you have any comments on our briefings please email [email protected]. Authors are available to discuss the content of this briefing only with Members and their staff. If you have any general questions about the work of the House of Commons you can email [email protected]. Disclaimer This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties. It is a general briefing only and should not be relied on as a substitute for specific advice. The House of Commons or the author(s) shall not be liable for any errors or omissions, or for any loss or damage of any kind arising from its use, and may remove, vary or amend any information at any time without prior notice. The House of Commons accepts no responsibility for any references or links to, BRIEFING PAPER or the content of, information maintained by third parties. This information is Number 4191 provided subject to the conditions of the Open Parliament Licence. 18 June 2018