sign in sign up
<<
Home , Aerolot, Air Inter, Air Union, Air Vietnam, Alcazar (airline), British Eagle

Bibliography

AIR

Carlier, c., ed. 'La construction aeronautique, Ie transport aenen, a I'aube du XXIeme siecle'. Centre d'Histoire de l'Industrie Aeronautique et Spatiale, Uni• versity of I, 1989. Chadeau, E., ed. 'Histoire de I' civile'. Vincennes, Comite Latecoere and Service Historique de l'Annee de l'Air, 1994. Chadeau, E., ed. 'Airbus, un succes industriel europeen'. Paris, Institut d'Histoire de l'Industrie, 1995. Chadeau, E. 'Le reve et la puissance, I'avion et son siecle'. Paris, Fayard, 1996. Dacharry, M. 'Geographie du transport aerien'. Paris, LITEC, 1981. Esperou, R. 'Histoire d''. La Guerche, Editions Ouest France, 1986. Funel, P., ed. 'Le transport aerien fran~ais'. Paris, Documentation fran~aise, 1982. Guarino, J-G. 'La politique economique des entreprises de transport aerien, Ie cas Air France, environnement et choix'. Doctoral thesis, University, 1977. Hamelin, P., ed. 'Transports 1993, professions en devenir, enjeux et dereglementation'. Paris, Ecole nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, 1992. Le Due, M., ed. 'Services publics de reseau et '. Paris, Documentation fran• ~ise, 1995. Maoui, G., Neiertz, N., ed. 'Entre ciel et terre', History of Paris Airports. Paris, Le Cherche Midi, 1995. Marais, J-G. and Simi, R 'Caviation commerciale'. Paris, Presses universitaires de France, 1964. Merlin, P. 'Geographie, economie et planification des transports'. Paris, Presses uni- versitaires de France, 1991. Merlin, P. 'Les transports en France'. Paris, Documentation fran~aise, 1994. Naveau, J. 'CEurope et Ie transport aerien'. Brussels, Bruylant, 1983. Neiertz, N. 'La coordination des transports en France de 1918 a nos jours'. Unpub• lished doctoral thesis, Paris IV- Sorbonne University, 1995. Neiertz, N. 'Etude d'un mode d'interconnexion de reseaux: Ie cas d'Aeroports de Paris'. Transports urbains, no. 84 (July-September 1994), pp. 15-22. Pavaux, J. Teconomie du transport aerien, la concurrence impraticable'. Paris, Eco• nomica, 1984. Pavaux, J., ed. 'Les complementarites train-avion en Europe'. Paris, Air 'ftansport Institute, 1991. Saint-Yves, M. 'Cintennodalite air-fer, une necessite pour l'Europe'. Aviation Inter• national, no. 995 (1 December 1989), pp. 32-4. Spira, N., ed. 'Le transport aerien'. Les Cahiers franr;ais, no. 176 (May-June 1976), pp. 1-70. Stoffaes, C., ed. ''ftansport aerien, Iiberalisme et dereglementation'. Paris, Ecole nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, 1987. Thomson, J.M. 'Road, rail and air competition for passengers in Europe'. Aeronau• tical Journal, (April 1978), pp. 139-47. Varlet, J. 'Cinterconnexion des reseaux de transport en Europe'. Paris. Air 'ftansport Institute, 1992.

253 254 Bibliography

BRITISH AIRWAYS

Birkhead, Eric. 'The Financial Failure of British Air 1l'ansport Companies 1919-1924' Joul7UJl of Transport History, vol. 4, no. 3, 1960; 133-45. Bray, Winston. The History of BOAC, 1939-1974, London, BOAC, 1975. British Air 'Transport in the Seventies, Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Civil Air 1l'ansport (the Edwards Report), London, HMSO, May 1969. Campbell-Smith, Duncan. The Story: Struggle for Take-Off, London, .Coronet, 1986. Cronshaw, M. and Thompson, D. Competitive advantage in European aviation - or whatever happened to BCaI? Fiscal Studies, 12, 1991, pp. 44-66. Dobson, Alan. Peaceful Air Warfare, Oxford, Clarendon, 1991. Doganis, Rigas. The Airport Business, London, Routledge, 1992. Ellison, A.P. and Stafford, E.M. The Dynamics of the Civil Aviation Industry, Farnbor- ough,1974. Hayward, Keith. Government and British Civil Aerospace, , 1983. Higham, Robin. Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939, London, 1960. Higham, Robin. British Airways Ltd., 1935-1940, Journal of 'Transport History, Vol. 4, No.2, 1959; 113-123. Knight, Geoffrey, Concorde: the Inside Story, London, 1976. Lyth, Peter J. 'The changing role of government in British civil air transport, 1919- 1940', in Robert Millward and John Singleton (eds) , The Political Economy of Nationalisation in Britain, 1920-1950, Cambridge University Press, 1995. Lyth, Peter J. ~ Multiplicity of Instruments: 'the 1946 decision to create a separate British European ', Journal of Transport History, vol. 12, no.2, 1990, pp. 1-24. Lyth, Peter J. 'Experiencing turbulence', in James McConville (ed.), Regulation and Deregulation in National and International 'Transport, London, Cassell, 1997. Miller, Ronald and Sawers, David. The Technical Development of Modem Aviation, London, 1968. Nicolson. D.L, British Airways in the Eighties, Journal of the Institute of Transport, (May 1974). Pryke, Richard. The Nationalised Industries: Policies and Perfonnance since 1968, Oxford,1981. Shibata, Kyohei. Privatisation of British Airways: Its Management and Politics 1982- 1987, EUI Working Paper EPU No. 93/9, European University Institute, Florence, 1994. Thompson, A.w.J. and Hunter, L.C. The Nationalised 'Transport Industries, 1973.

LUFTHANSA

Bongers, Hans M. Es lag in der Luft. Erinnerungen aus fUnf Jahrzehnten Luftverkehr, DUsseldorf, Econ, 1971. Bongers, Hans M. Deutscher Luftverkehr. Entwicklung, Politik, Wirtschaft, Organisation. Versuch einer Analyse der , Bad Godesberg, Kirschbaum, 1967. Dienel, Hans-Liudger. 'Das wahre Wirtschaftswunder. Flugzeugproduktion und innerdeutscher Flugverkehr im West-Ost-Vergleich, 1955-80', in Johannes Bahr und Dietmar Petzina (eds), Innovationsverhalten und Entscheidungsstrukturen. Ver• gleichende Studien zur wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung im geteilten Deutschland, 1945- 1990, , Akademie Verlag, 1996, pp. 341-72. Bibliography 255

Reul, Georg. Planung und Griindung der Deutschen Lufthansa AG, 1949-1955, Koln, Botermann & Botermann, 1992. lteibel, Werner. Geschichte der deutschen Verkehrsflughiifen. Eine Dokumentation von 1909 bis 1989, Bonn, Bernard und Graefe, 1992. Weigelt, Kurt, Von der alten zur neuen Lufthansa, Bad Homburg, published privately, 1966.

KLM

van Bakelen, EA. (ed.), Teksten vervoen-echt: Luchtrecht, Zwolle, Tjeenk Willink, 1983. Bouwens, Bram and Dierikx, Marc, Op de drempel van de lucht. Tachtig jaar Schiphol The Hague, SdU, 1996. Davies, R.E.G. A History of the World's , Oxford University Press, 1967. Dierikx, Marc. Bevlogen laren. Nederlandse burgerluchtvaart tussen de wereldoorlogen, Houten, Unieboek, 1986. Dierikx, Marc. Begrensde Horizonten. De Nederlandse burgerluchtvaartpolitiek in het interbellum, Zwolle, Tjeenk Willink, 1988. Haanappel, Peter, Petsikas, George, Rosales, Rex, and Thaker, litendra (eds), EEC Air Transport Policy and Regulation and their Implications for North America, Deven• ter, K1uwer, 1990. Hellema D.A., Wiebes, c., Zeeman, B. (eds), laarboek Buitenlandse Zaken: Derde laarboek voor de geschiedenis van de Nederlandse buitenlandse politiek, The Hague, SdU, 1997. Maas, P.E (ed.) Parlementaire Geschiedenis van Nederland na 1945. Deel III: Het kabinet Drees-Van Schaik (1948-1950). Band B: Anti-communisme, rechtsherstel en infrastructurele opbouw, Nijmegen, Gerard Noodt Instituut, 1992. Slot, P.I. and Dagtoglou,P.D. Toward a Community Air Transport Policy. The Legal Dimension, Deventer, K1uwer, 1989. Smit, G.I., Wunderink, R.C.I., and Hoogland, I. KLM in beeld. 75 jaar vormgeving en promotie, Naarden, V+K/lnmerc, 1994. de Vries, Leonard. Vlucht KL-50, , Meyer Pers, 1969. Wassenbergh, H.A, Aspects ofAir Law and Civil Air Policy in the Seventies, The Hague, Nijhoff, 1970.

ALITALIA

D'Avanzo, G. I lupi dell': l'ltalia e gli italiani in un secolo di evoluzione del trasporto aereo, , 1992; Vent'anni , Freccia Alata, special edition, 1967. Camera dei deputati, Problemi delle gestioni aeroportuali, Rome, Servizio commissioni parlamentari, 1972. Camera dei deputati, Situazione dell'aviazione civile in Italia. Indagine conoscitiva della X Commissione permanente, Rome, 1976. Struttura di mercato e regolamentazione del trasporto aereo, E Padoa Schioppa Kos• toris, Bologna, iI Mulino, 1995. 256 Bibliography LOT

Czownicki, Jerzy. Ekonomiczna Efektywnosc Samolotow i lotnisk komunikacyjnych, , Szkola Glowna Planowania i Statystyki, 1976. Czownicki, Jerzy Dariusz Kalit1ki, Elzbieta Marciszewska, Transport Lotniczy w Gos• podarce Rynkowej, Warsaw, Szkola Glowna Handlowa, 1992. Filipczyk, Joanna. Ponadnarodowy System Transportowy w Warnnkach Integracji Eur• opejskiej. Dissertation, Academy of Economics Katowice, private printing, 1995. J;)nuszkiewicz, Wlodzimierz. Transport i Spedycja w Handlu Mifdzynarodowym, War• saw, 1986. Kneifel, J.L. Fluggesellschaften und Luftverkehrssysteme der sozialistischen Staaten: UdSSR, Polen, USw. Nordlingen, Verlag R Steinmeier, 1980. Mikulski, Mieczyslaw, Andrzej Glass, Polski Transport Lotniczy, Warsaw, Wydaw• nictwo Komunikacji i bp;nosci, 1980. Morawski, Wojciech, Krysztof Baduch, Bogumila Krzyzewska, Romana Plejewska, Zofia Podgrodzka, Krystyna Zaborska, Prognoza Potneb pnewozowych do roku 100912000, Warsaw, Osrodek Badawczy Ekonomiki Thansportu, 1974. Prucha, Vaclav. (ed.) The System of Centrally Planned Economies in Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe after World War II and the Causes of its Decay, , Vysoka Skola Economicka v Praze, 1994. Osinski, Jerzy. Sytuacja Ekonomiczna Transportu Lotniczego 1960-1970, Warsaw, Branzowy Osrodek Informacji Thchnicznej i Ekonomicznej Lotniczwa Cywilnego, 1972. Osinski, Jan. Henryk Zwirko. Biuletyn Informacyjny Lotnictwa Cywilnego. 50 Lat PLL LOT. Wydanie Specjalne 20/80, Warsaw, BranZowy Osrodek Informacji Technicznej i Ekonomicznej Lotniczwa Cywilnego, 1980. Slawilska, Jadwiga. Dzialalnosc Lotnisk Komunikacyjnych w Polsce w Latach 1991- 1995, Warsaw, Glowny Inspektorat Lotnictwa Cywilnego, Osrodek Analiz I Infor• macji, 1996. Sobcki, Eugeniusz (ed.). Podstawowe Informacje Dotycz9ce Lotnictwa Cywilnego, Warsaw, Glowny Inspektorat Lotnictwa Cywilnego, Osrodek Analiz I Informacji, 1994. Sobecki, Eugeniusz, Jadwiga Slawinska. Rys Historyczny Rozwoju Wladzy Lotniczej w Polsce, 1919-1994 Warsaw, Glowny Inspektorat Lotnictwa Cywilnego, 1995. Szumielewicz, Kazimierz. Polskie Linie Lotnicze S.A., Warsaw, PLL LOT Zakladowy , Osrodek Informacji Technicznej i Ekonomicznej, 1996. Zylicz, Marek. Mifdzynarodowy obrot lotniczy, Warsaw, Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i lilcznosci, 1972. Zyliez, Marek. International air transport law, Dordrecht, Nijhoff, 1992.

USA

Bender, Marilyn and Altschul, Selig. The Chosen Instrnment, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1982. Bernstein, Aaron. Grounded: Frank Lorenzo and the Destrnction of Eastem Air Lines, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1990. Bilstein, Roger E. Flight Patterns: Trends of Aeronautical Development in the , 1918-1929, , University of Georgia Press, 1983. Bilstein, Roger E. Flight in America: From the Wrights to the Astronauts, rev. edn, , Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. Bibliography 257

Bilstein, Roger E. 'Air Travel and the Thaveling Public: the American Experience, 1920-1970', in William F. Thimble, ed., From Airships to Airbus: the History of Civil and Commercial Aviation, vol. II, Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995. Bishop, John C. 'Delivery of Goods by Air: The United States Air-Cargo Industry, 1945-1955', in Essays in Business and Economic History, , Economic and Business Historical Society, 1989. Daley, Robert. An American Saga: Juan Trippe and His Empire, New York, Random House, 1980. Davies, R.E.G. Airlines of the United States since 1914, Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, 1982. Davies, RE.G. Rebels and Refonners of the Airways, Washington, Smithsonian Institu• tion Press, 1987. Ingells, Douglas. 747: Story of the Boeing Super Jet, Fallbrook, Calif., Publishers, 1970. , Richard J. Jr., Safe, Separated and Soaring: A History of Federal Civil Aviation Policy, 1961-1972, Washington DC, 1980. Komons, Nick A. Bonfires to Beacons: Federal Aviation Policy under the Air Commerce Act, 192fr1938, Washington, DC, Government Printing Office, 1978. Leary, William. Aerial Pioneers: The U.S. Air Mail Service, 1918-1927, Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, 1985. Lewis, W. David. '', in William Leary, ed. The Airline Industry. Encyclopedia of American Business History and Industry, New York, Facts on File, 1992. Preston, Edmund. Troubled Passage: the Federal Aviation Administration during the Nixon-Ford Tenn, 1973-1977, Washington DC, 1987. Rochester, Stuart I. Takeoff at Mid-Century: Federal Aviation Policy in the Eisenhower ~ars, 1953-1961, Washington DC, 1976. Serling, Robert J. Eagle: the History of , New York, St. Martin's Press, 1985. Sigafoos, Robert A. and Easson, Roger R Absolutely Positively Overnight: the Unoffi• cial Corporate History of Federal Express, Memphis, St. Luke's Press, 1988. Smith, Richard K. 'The Intercontinental Airliner and the Essence of Airplane Per• formance', Technology and Culture 24, July 1983, pp. 32-47. Solberg, Carl. Conquest of the Skies: a History of Commercial Aviation in America, , Little, Brown, 1979. Wilson, John RM. Thrbulence Aloft: the Civil Aeronautics Administration amid Wars and Rumors of Wars, 1938-1953, Washington, DC, Government Printing Office, 1979. Glossary

Cabotage Right of airline from country A to carry revenue passen• gers between two points in country B, (often a colony or former colony of country A) Capacity or available Measure of airline output. ATK is the payload capacity tonne-kilometres multiplied by the stage distance (CTK/ATK)

Chosen instrument. National airline, 'chosen' for receipt of government sup• port Code sharing Market practice in which two airlines share the same two• letter code used to identify carriers in a computer reser• vation system (CRS) Combi Combined passenger/cargo aircraft Computer reservation System owned by airlines, used by travel agents, for dis• system (CRS) playing flight information and reserving seats Double designation 1\vo scheduled airlines from the same country allowed to fly an international route 1st Freedom Right to fly over another country without landing 2nd Freedom Right to land in another country for technical reasons only, e.g. refuelling 3rd Freedom Right to carry revenue passengers from your country (A) to another country (B) 4th Freedom Right to carry revenue passengers from another country (B) to your country (A) 5th Freedom Right of airline from country A to carry revenue passen• gers from country B to country C (or D) 6th Freedom Right of airline from country A to carry revenue passengers from country B to country C, via its base in country A Frequent Flyer programme Marketing scheme designed to enhance loyalty to a particular airline Gateway An airport in or the east coast of the United States from which intercontinental flights begin Grandfather rights Long-standing landing and take-off rights - slots - held by an airline at a particular airport Hub and spoke Route system by which an airline can channel passenger traffic through a strategically located 'hub' airport Load factor Percentage of aircraft capacity filled with fare-paying passengers or freight

258 Glossary 259

Non-scheduled service Non-regular or charter services Pool An international air route between two (usually Eur• opean) cities, the capacity on which, and the revenue from which, is shared between the two according to a pre-arranged formula Scheduled service Regular services at generally published tariff rates Slot Thke-off or landing time at an airport reserved to an airline 'IUrbofan Jet engine with a front fan in which a portion of the airflow bypasses the combustion chamber 'IUrbojet A pure jet engine, in which thrust is derived solely from the jet exhaust 'IUrboprop Propeller-turbine aircraft engine Utilization Aircraft flying hours, based on revenue earning hours only Widebody Aircraft with more than one aisle in the passenger cabin, e.g. , 767; Lockheed L-I011 Tristar, McDon• nell Douglas DC-IO, , A310 Yield management Revenue-maximizing fare-fIXing system run by a CRS Index

ABA (Swedish airline), 126, 142 Air France, 5, 15, 18-46, 62, 76, 77, 81, 87, Abraham, Reinhard, 96, 98 90,98,102,109,111,112,114,126,147, ABC World Airways Guide, 150 152,154,170,186,197,207,224 Adenauer, Konrad, 95 , 20, 21, 30, 32, 40, 44-6, 154 aavance booking charters (ABC), 7 Airline Deregulation Act, 228 advertising , 131, 139,154 , 150 Air Liberte, 45 KLM, 150, 151 , 18 SAS, 150 Airport environment , 76 Air France, 31 , 204, 206, 210, 211 KLM,141 , 88 US airlines, 238 AerolJoyd Warszawa, 196 Airspeed Ambassador (BEA Elizabethan), , 196 67 Aeroport de Paris (ADP), 31, 32, 36, Air 'TI"ansport Advisory Council (ATAC), 52 45 Air 'TI"ansport Command (ATC), 235-7, 241 Aeroporti di Roma (AR), 177 Air 'TI"ansport Licensing Board (ATLB), 52, Aeropostale, 18 53,78 AerospatiaIe, 98 Air 'TI"ansport & 'TI"avel Co. 127 Aero 'TI"ansporto Italiani (ATI), 165, 172, air taxi, 99 185 Air UK, 131, 153 Aero T.Z., 196 Air , 204, 217 Aeroville, 32 , 1, 18,43,77, 112, 152, 170, 186, Air Afrique, 43 187 Air Algerie, 43 Air , 43 Air Atlas, 43 Aktiengesellschaft fiir Luftverkehrsbedarf Air Austria, 152 (Luftag), 88, 95, 100 Airbus aircraft, 37, 44, 242 , 223 A300, 25, 60, 95, 96, 98, 172, 173 , 159-61, 163 A310, 138,203 Albarda, Horatius, 147, 148 A319,98 Alcazar (pan-European partnership), 154 A320, 25, 40, 98 A1enia A321,173 ATR-42, 173, 242 A34O, 25, 27, 98 ATR-72,203, 207, 217, 242 Airbus Industrie, 5, 24, 25, 27, 41, 44, 90, A1italia, 4, 15, 27, 44, 76, 77, 112, 159-89, 98 224 Air , 117 Allegheny Airlines, 246 Air Ceylon, 152 All Nippon Airways, 110, 154 Air Charter International, 30, 39 ALM (Antillean Aviation Company), 130 Air Commerce Act, 225 American Airlines, 10, 79, 215, 218, 223, aircraft colour, 148 224,228,230-4,241,243-5,248 aircraft procurement America West, 223 Air France, 22 AMR Service, 218 A1italia, 166 Amsterdam Connection, 140 British Airways, 53 ANAV (agency for air traffic control), 177 KLM,132 Antonovaircraft, 105 LOT, 199 An-24, 202, 203, 205, 214 Lufthansa, 93 APEX (Advanced Purchase Excursion US airlines, 229 fare), 7, 76, 79

260 Index 261

Association of German Airports (ADV), Bongers, flans, 96, 100, 101, 106, 112-14 104 Bongers, Martin, 88-91 Association of European Airlines (AEA), Boyd, Alan, 244 186 Braniff, lbm,237,240, 247 ATC (European air traffic control), 10, 109 Branson, Richard, 80 ATLAS (European buyers' consortium), Breguet 763, 23 112, 171 aircraft, 55, 68, 70, 78 Attali, Bernard, 25, 30, 40, 41 British Airports Authority (BAA), 64 , 110, 152, 154, 217 British Airways, 12, 15, 27, 32, 41, 44, 46, Austrian Airways, 152 50--83, 87, 90, 93, 109, 112, 114, 148, Aviolinee Italiane, 162 153,154,156,197,207,224,242,248 , 167, 168 British Eagle, 78 , 54 , 91, 112, 162-4, Azienda Autonoma Assistenza al Volo 167,173,178,186,187,200 (ANAV), 166 British Midland, 64, 75 British Rail, 81 BAC (British Aircraft Corporation), 24 British South American Airways (BSAA), One-Eleven, 58, 59, 73, 232 51, 52, 61, 65 Super One-Eleven, 60 British , 45 Three-Eleven, 60 British 'Iransport Commission, 81 BAe-146, 203 British United Airways (BUA), 7, 59, 61, BahnCard (), 116 78,79,202 Balbo, Italo, 160, 161 British West Indian Airways (BWIA), 68 Brabazon Programme, 54 , 154 BCal ( Airways), 46, 53, 64,78,79,82 Cadman Report, 50, 51 , 204, 217 , 78 Berlin Agreement, 211 Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico, 160 Berlin Airlift, 88 Capital Airlines, 234-6 Agreement, 19 Caproni aircraft, 161 Beteille, Roger, 25 Carandini, Nicolo, 163, 182 Beugel, Ernst van der, 147 Caravelle (Sud-Aviation), 5, 23-5, 27, 35, Blanc, Christian, 41 37,38,137,169,182,187 Bloch 161, 200 cargo BOAC (British Overseas Airways Air France, 43 Corporation), 5, 23, 28, 91, 112, 126, Alitalia, 171 128, 147, 162, 173, 174, 186, 187 RJlM, 145, 148, 137 Boeing aircraft, 3, 15,23,41,90,98, 106, Lufthansa, 108,109 203, 229, 236 Cargolux, 108 307,229 Carlwn, Jan, 14 Stratocruiser, 60 Carmichael, James fl., 235, 236 70~5,6,24,28,35,37,38,54,55,58,60, Casey, Albert, 241 78,96,169,232,233 , 44 720,96 Channel Thnnel, 81 72~ 25,37, 58, 172,232, 237 Convention, 187 737, 25, 26, 38, 58-60, 96-8, 138, 139, 203, Ciampino Airport (Rome), 176, 177 204,214,238,244 CIDNA,18 747, 8, 14, 26, 28, 37, 44, 60, 98, 112, 137, Civil Aeronautics Authority (CAA), 225 138,149,151,152,171,172,175,227, Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), 4, 9, 62, 233, 237, 247 225,227,228,233-5,237,238 757,60 Civil Aviation Act, 52, 53 767, 27, 138, 203, 204, 215 Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), 53, 73, 79, 777,27 164,166,176,177,187,226 supersonic aircraft, 98, 137 Civil Aviation Office, 196 262 Index

Club Europe, 83 -Fort Worth Airport, 238 Club World, 83 Dassault Falcon, 237, 245 collaboration and competition de Havilland aircraft, 23, 54, 134 between airlines: Air France, 43; A1italia, Comet, 23, 24, 59, 236; Mark 1, 5, 54, 55, 186; British Airways, 76-8; KLM 67,134,232,233; Mark 3,54,232,233; 151; LOT, 216, 217; Lufthansa, 111; Mark 4, 54, 55, 58, 60, 68, 70 US airlines, 245 Dash-8,203 with other transport modes: Air France DH. 121 (see Hawker Siddeley Thident) 44; British Airways 81; A1italia 188 Dellaert, Jan, 142 Airport, 115 Delta Airlines, to, 44, 46, 73, 79, 114, 154, colonial routes 218,223,224,232,242,246-8 Ala Littoria, 160 , 244 A1italia, 173 d'Erlanger, Gerard, 68 British Airways, 61 Desbrueres, Henri, 19 Air France, 27 Deutsche BA, 63, 82,114 KLM, 128, 129, 144 Deutsche Bank, 95 Comecon airlines, 109 Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB), 115 Comecon Standing Committee , 126 Thansport, 211 Deutsche Lufttransport GmbH (DLT), 114 comfort domestic routes business class, 30, 133, 138 France, 40 , 6, 28, 34, 39 FRG,99,114 , 30 Britain, 78 senator class, 11 0 GDR,99 tourist class, 6, 28 , 165 Commonwealth of Independent States , 195-7, 205, 212, 213 (CIS),217 USA, 234 Commuter jets, 97 Dornier aircraft, 25, 160 Computer Reservation Systems (CRS) Douglas aircraft (see also McDonnell general, 39, 42, 44, 155, 182,207,217, Douglas) 218,245 3, 15, 23, 95, 106, 132, 165, 167 Alpha 3 program, 38 DC-2, 132, 200 , 44,45, 111,217, 246 DC-3, 65, 94, 132, 133, 168, 182, 229, 230, ARCO,182 235 Galileo, 44, 217 DC-4, 132, 133, 152, 167, 168, 229-31, SABRE (Semi-Automated Business 235 Reservations Environment), 245 DC-6, 95, 133, 134, 167, 168, 182, 231, Socrate,45 232 Concorde, 24,27,29, 38, 39,44,59, 74,98, DC-7,5,54,55,62,68, 133, 135, 136, 145, 137 147,168,169,182,226,231,232,243 F1ugdienst GmbH, 107, 112, 113 DC-8, 6, 55, 60, 136, 137, 145, 148, 149, , 44, 46, 189, 223, 247, 167,169-72,182,232,233,237 248 DC-9, 25, 59, 137-9, 145, 166, 170-2, Convair aircraft, 182,231 227 CV-110,231 C-47, 132, 133, 167,200,230 CV-24O,133,201,231 C-54 (Skymaster), 132, 133, 229, 230 CV-340, 55, 168 Douglas of Kirtleside, Lord, 69, 77, 78, 81 990,232 Diisseldorf Airport, 115 Corsair, 45 Dulles International Airport Cot, Pierre-Donatien, 31, 36-8 (Washington DC), 239 Crandall, Robert, 241 CSA (CeskoSlovenske Aerolinie), 44, 197, EAGT (Jedinyi Awiacjonnyi Gruzowoj Thrif 201, 205, 206, 211, 214, 217 (Common Air Freight Thrif), 211, 216, Culmann, Herbert, 91 219 Index 263

EAPT (Jedinyi Awiacjonnyi Pasazierskij aircraft, 3, 132 Tarif (Common Air Passenger Tarif), F. VIIB, 200 206,211,213,216,219 F. VIlA, 199 Eastern Airlines, 43, 60, 223, 232, 233, 244, F-27, F-28, 139, 148 247 100,139 ECAC (European Civil Aviation Airport, 103, 105, 108, 115 Conference), 131, 186,203 Frequent Flyer programme (FFP), 43 Edwards Report, 52 education Galichon, Georges, 34, 36, 38 Ajitalia, 185 Garuda , 129, 151 Air France, 34, 35 , 64, 65, 79 Lufthansa, 110 Gente dell' aria (union), 160 engines German Air, 114 Bristol Olympus, 59; Pegasus, 167 , 108 General Electric (GE), 60 German Airport Association, 90 Pratt & Whitney, 161, 233 Airways, 76 Rolls-Royce, 58, 232, 233; Avon, 134; globalisation and strategic alliances Conway, 169; Dart, 55; Medway, 58; Air France, 39, 45 Merlin, 161; RB-211, 60 Alitalia, 189 , 204 British Airways, 79-82 , 154 KLM,151-6 Europair, 43 LOT, 217 Eurostar rail service, 45, 81 Lufthansa, 116, 117 , 114, 155 US airlines, 246-9 Gold Carpet Service, 243 Falque, Alain, 32 Golden Thlip (hotel chain), 148 fares government aims general,11 Air France, 19 Air France, 30 KLM,I28 British Airways, 78 LOT, 197 LOT, 198, 211-13 US airlines, 226 Lufthansa, 110 Gulf War (1991), 40 US airlines, 228, 234, 243, 244, 249 Guthrie, Sir Giles, 70 Federal Airport Act (1997), 239 Federal Aviation Agency (FAA), 226, 227, Handley Page, 2 229, 238, 239 Hannover Airport, 115 Federal Express (FedEx), 223, 224, Hapag (-Amerika Line), 113 237 Hapag-L1oyd,7, 113, 114 Fiat aircraft, 160-2, 164, 167 Hardie, Charles, 70 G-12, 161, 167 Hartsfield Airport (), 240 G-18, 161 Hawker Siddeley, 25, 58 Finmeccanica, 171 1fident aircraft, 58-60, 73 Fiumicino Airport (Rome), 177, 188 , 7, 12, 63, 65, 77 Flying Tiger Line, 237 Henkes, Klaus, 92 , 112 Hertz car rental, 246 fleet statistics high-speed trains, 13, 81, 143, 240 Air France, 26 Hobby Airport, , 238 Alitalia 1946-56, 168 HOItje, Gerhard, 91, 96, 98 Alitalia 1957-95, 170 Hogan, William J., 241 BOAC, BEA and British Airways, 56, Houston Intercontinental Airport, 238 57 hub and spoke system, 11,21,30,32, 176, KLM,135 206,246 LOT, 201 Hughes, Howard, 80 Lufthansa, 97 Hymans, Max, 18, 20, 33, 36, 112 264 Index

lATA (International Air ltansport LAI (Linee Aeree Italiane), 162, 163, 165, Association), 4, 6-9, 19, 22, 28, 30, 33, 167, 168, 173 35,37,41,44,76,79,106,111,181,183, Laker, Sir Freddie, 8, 53, 79, 80, 228 198, 206, 210-12 Latvian Air, 204 Iberia, 44, 110-12, 162 Leber, Georg, 116 IBM,245 Le Bourget Airport, 31 ICAO (International Civil Aviation Lesieux, Louis, 31 Organisation), 33, 111, 180 Linate Airport (), 177 ICE (German high-speed train), 116 Lindbergh, Charles, 232 Ilyushin 11-12, 200 Linee Aeree ltansatlantiche Italiane 11-14,94,200,205 (LATI), 161, 163 11-18,200,202,204,212,214 Lino report, 177 11-62, 95, 202-5 Lisunov Li-2, 200 , 50, 60, 61, 64, 82, 210 Lithuanian Air, 204 Irtterflug, 15, 87, 92, 99, 102, 105, 108, 109, Littlewood, Bill, 230, 231 113, 214, 241 Litwinski, Jan, 199 IRI (Istituto per la Ricostruzione Lockheed aircraft, 3, 23, 95 Industriale), 159, 162-5, 169, 172, 177, Electra, 134, 136, 137,200,232,236 179, 183, 188 Constellation, 106, 132, 133, 144,226, Italian aircraft industry, 161 230-2 Italian Air force, 159, 160, 185 Super Constellation, 5, 35, 95, 133, 136, ,166 168, 169, 179 L-1649 Super Starliner, 23 Airlines, 44, 46 L-I011 ltiStar, 60 Junker~ 2, 88, 94, 160, 196, 199, 200 Lorenzo, Frank, 247, 248 LOT (Polskie Linie Lotnicze), 15, 95, Kahn, Alfred E., 228 195-219 Kelleher, Herbert, 238 LOT Ground Services (LGS), 208, 215 Kennedy International Airport, 238, 239 LTU (Luft ltansport Unternehmen), 113 , 155 Lufthansa, 1,4, 15,27,32,41,43,44,46,76, Kimpfmiiller, Emil, 114 77, SO, 87-117, 140, 147, 152, 156, 186, Klein, Hemjo, 116 197,207,217,218,224 Klimaszewski, Bronislaw, 214 Lufthansa City Centres, 110 Kracht, Felix, 25 Lufthansa Cityline, 114 King, Sir John (later Lord), 50, 75, 79, 81, Lufthansa Service Ltd (LSG), 111 82 , 64, 78 KNILM,129 Kroonduif, 130 Macchi aircraft, 161 KLM (Royal Dutch Airlines), 4,5,15,27, Malev (Hungarian airline), 189,205,211 32,41,43,44, 76, 82, 98, 101, 102, 111, Malpensa Airport (Milan), 177 112, 126-56, 162, 178,202,207,212, Marignane Airport (), 99 218, 224, 248 Marshall, Sir Colin, 75, 82 KLM Cityhopper, 153 Marshall Plan, 23, 33 KLM Noorzee Helikopters, 152 Marta Leasing, 204 KSSU (maintenance consortium), 44, 152 Holland, 7, 153 Martin aircraft, 229, 231, 236 labour productivity Martin, Hans, 129 general,8 Martins Air Charter, 136, 153 Air France, 42 MBB (Messerschmidt-BOlkow-Blohm), 25 Alitalia, 184 McDonnell Douglas aircraft, 25 British, 66,67,71,72,74 DC-10, 8, 44, 96, 98, 138, 152, 171, 172, KLM,147 175,203 WT, 210, 214 MD-11,l72 US airlines, 242 MD-SO, 138, 172, 173 Index 265

Meridien (hotel chain), 39--41 , 141, 150, 151, 153-5, Meyer, Ulrich, 93 218,223,224,237,248 Menichella, Donato, 163 Military Aircraft Command (Polskie), 195 O'Hare Airport (Chicago), 142 Milward, Sir Anthony, 69 oil shock (1973), 37, 44, 70, 148, 183; (1979) MinelVe,45 30, 38 Ministry of Aeronautics (Italy), 159, 160, Okcrcie Airport (Warsaw), 202, 204, 206-9, 162,167 213 Ministry of Civil Aviation (GB), 64, 66 Olympic Airlines, 76 Minjstry of Defence (Italy), 177 , 21, 31, 38 Ministry of Finance Britain, 53 P-152 (East German ), 94 France, 19,20,34 Pacific , 238 FRG,112 Pan American Airways (Pan Am), 1, 4, 13, , 143 23, 24, 28, 34, 54, 62, 76, 80, 100, 114, Ministry of Ownership TIansformation 162,178,202,223,230,232--4,236,237, (Poland), 208 245-8 Ministry of State Shareholding (Italy), 165 Patterson, William A., 231, 240 Ministry of TIansport Pendolino (Italian high-speed train), 188 France, 19,20,31,34 Pennsylvania Central Airlines, 235 FRG, 89, 95, 99, 112, 115 People Express, 247 Italy, 166, 177 Philippine Air Lines, 152 Poland, 199, 208 Piaggio, 162 USA, 155, 228, 229, 244 PIASA (Panamanian carrier), 152 Montparnasse Comity, 44 Pieck, Artur, 92 Morgenthau, Henry, 103 Plage & Laskiewicz, 200 MTU, 25 Plesman, Albert, 127, 129, 132, 134, 144 Airport, 89 PLL LOT SA, 199, 215, 218 Mussolini, Bruno, 161, 163 Przedsiebiorstwo Panstwowe Porty Lotnicze (PPL),208 National Advisory Committee for Podlaska Wytwornia Samolotow, 200 Aeronautics, 225 , 45 National Airlines, 246 Polikarpov Po-2, 195 National Airport (Washington DC), 239 , 198 National TIansportation Safety Board, 227 pool agreements, 9 Nieuwenhuis, Hendrik, 128, 129 pressurized cabins, 133, 229 Nigerian Airways, 152 privatisation Netherlands Government Air TIansport A1italia, 164 Organisation, 129, 132 British Airways, 73, 74 Netherlines, 153 KLM,150 NLM,153 LOT, 199, 208 NLM City Hopper, 141, 148, 153 Professional Air TIaffic Controllers Norddeutscher Lloyd, 113, 114 Organization (PATCO), 247 Nordio, Umberto, 183-5 North American Airlines, 235 ,82 NV Luchthaven Schiphol, 142 Quesada, Elwood P., 226 North Atlantic Route Air France, 28 railway transit system, 239, 240 A1italia, 168, 174, 180 RATP (Parisian public transport system), British carriers, 61 31 )ULM, 141, 144, 155 Return Ferry Service, 51 Lufthansa, 101 Rickenbacker, Eddie, 91 LOT, 205 regulation US airlines, 248 general,6 266 Index

regulation (Contd.) Societa Anonima Navigazione Aerea Air France, 22 (SANA),160 KLM,130 Societa Italian a Aeroplani Idrovolanti LOT, 199 (SIAl), 160 Lufthansa, 92 Societa Italiana Servizi Aerei (SISA), 160 US airlines, 227 SODEXI,45 RLAF (French Military Air Network), 18 SOTAIR, 28, 39 Roissy-Charles-de-Oaulle Airport, 21, 30-2, South African Airways, 174 37, 38, 45, 46, 63 South American routes R.,omiti, Cesare, 183 A1italia, 173, 179 Roos, Joseph, 21, 36 British,61 Royal Air Force (RAF), 51, 64, 65, 126 Southwest Airlines, 223, 240, 244, 247 Royal World Airlines, 154 Stainton, Sir Ross, 74 Ruhnau, Heinz, 91, 93 Stansted Airport, 64, 65 Rutas Aereas de (RAS), 152 Stonecipher, Harry c., 242 Strauss, Franz-Josef, 97 Saab 340b, 217 Sud-Aviation, 24 Saatchi & Saatchi, 75 Sud-Est SE. 161, 200 , 43, 44, 77, 82, 89, 100, 112, Siidflug, 113 152-4, 186, 201 supersonic aircraft (see Concorde) SAS (Scandinavian Airline System), 34, 43, supersonic flights, 24 44,79,101, Ill, 112, 117, 147,152, 154, Swinton Plan, 52, 63 248 Swinton, Viscount, 51 SAM (Italian charter carrier), 188 , 32, 34, 44, 98, 110-12, 126, 139, Satolas Airport (), 45 152, 154, 217 Schiphol Airport (Amsterdam), 141-3, 153, 155 Tabso,211 Schiller, Karl, 89 TAT, 76 Schonefeld Airport (East Berlin), 106, Tarom, 203, 205, 211 109 Tatra Air, 217 Seebohm, Hans-Christoph, 115 Thxas International, 243 SOTA-Farman, 2, 18 legel Airport (Berlin), 115 SIAl aircraft, 161 Tempelhof Airport (Berlin), 103 S-95,167 TOV (French high-speed train), 32, 45 Sikorsky, 229, 236 Thai International, 117 Skala, Andrzej, 205 Thomas Cook, 113 Skytrain, 79, 80 Thomas, Sir Miles, 68 Slattery, Sir Matthew, 68-70 Thomson, Sir Adam, 78, 79 Slick Airways, 237 Tjaereborg, 113 Slowinski, Jerzy, 202 Touraine Air ltansport, 40, 43, 46, 63, 82 Smith, Cyrus R., 230-2, 240, 241, 245 ltansavia, 136, 153 Smith-Kroes, Nellie, 138 ltans-Europa-Express (TEE), 115, 116 SNCA (Societe Nationale de Construction lteaty of Potsdam, 88 Aeronautique du Sud-Est), 23 lteaty of Rome, 131, 186 SNCF (French railways), 31, 45 ltippe, Juan, 91, 232, 233, 236, 245 SNECMA, 24, 25 TVI (Touristic Union International), 113 SNIAS-Aerospatiale, 25 Thnis Air, 43 Societa Adria Aero Lloyd, 160 Thpolev Societa Aerea Mediterranea (SAM), 160, Th-104, 200, 214 181 Th-134, 94, 202, 203 Societa Anonima , Th-154: 202, 204 160 TWA (ltans World Airlines), 2, 4, 24, 28, Societa Anonima Aviolinee Italiane, 76,80,91,100,162,163,168,169,173, 160 178, 179, 186, 223, 230, 237, 241 Index 267

Ulbricht, Walter, 91 Viscount, 5, 55, 60, 63, 67, 95, 96, 134, UPS (United Parcel Service), 223, 224, 136,137,168,169,182,186,202,232, 237 236 UTA (Union de ltansport Acrien), , 12, 64, 79, 80-2 20,23,26,30,32,40-2,44,46, VTOL aircraft, 97, 98, 100 132 , 2, 10,43,79, 117, 154, wages 218, 223, 224, 231, 232, 236, 237, Air France, 42 246--8 Alitalia, 185 USAir, 223, 246, 248 Wal, Gerrit van der, 137, 148 US Air Mail, 224, 225 Wall Street Heliport, 239 Weber, liirgen, 91, 93, 109, 117 ValuJet, 227 Weigelt, Kurt, 89, 112 Velani, Bruno, 163, 181, 182, 187 Weiss, Stanley, 235 VIASA, 102, 152 Western (WPA), 244 Vickers aircraft , 234 Vanguard,55, 58,60, 63, 78 Wings Holdings Inc., 155 Ve10, 58-60, 70, 73 Viking, 65 XP Express Parcel System, 146