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Euroroc London Walking Tour with Peter Harrison

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Euroroc London Walking Tour with Peter Harrison Euroroc London Walking Tour with Peter Harrison Introduction Walking around the streets, from St Pauls thorough to Paternoster and on to the Guildhall, few people look up or down at the buildings and pavements or notice the history around them. The tour will start at Temple Bar, proceed through Paternoster and out via Panyer Alley. We will then turn right into Cheapside and left into Foster Lane. We turn right into Gresham Street and then through Guildhall Yard to look at the Library. We will look at some important and interesting buildings, pavements and monuments. Because there was never any satisfactory building stone local to London, buildings, pavements and monuments are constructed using a variety of interesting stone brought by sea and river, rail and road. The stone used ranges from sedimentary rock, often from the tropical sea floor 140 million years old, through to metamorphic and igneous rock some 500 million years old. Many of the buildings in the area are faced with Portland stone, although sandstone, granite and slate are also present. This tour will include: St Paul’s Cathedral Temple Bar The Column, Paternoster Square King Edward Court, 10 Paternoster Square Cheapside Goldsmith Hall 25 Gresham Street 10 Gresham Street 20 Gresham Street 31 Gresham Street 100 Wood Street 30 Gresham Street 65 Gresham Street Guildhall Yard The Guildhall St Pauls Cathedral Designed by Sir Christopher Wren, St Pauls Cathedral was built between 1675 and 1710 using Portland stone. Portland stone had been used in London for the Tower of London in 1349 and London Bridge in 1350. But following its use by Inigo Jones for the Banqueting Hall, White Hall (1610) and the rebuilding of St Pauls it became generally popular. Thomas and Edward Strong, both Masters of the Masons Company, were the senior stonemasons, together with other prominent members of the Masons Company, under Sir Christopher Wren,. The Bollards surrounding St Pauls church yard are made from Shap Granite from the Shap Quarries in Cumbria in North England. Bollards to St Pauls Church Yard Our journey takes us on to Paternoster Square where we enter Paternoster Square through Temple bar. Temple Bar Temple bar at Theobalds Park Originally built in 1672 as an entrance to the City of London, through which people and traffic had to pass, it is believed that the Temple Bar was designed by Sir Christopher Wren. As well as being featured in ceremonies and processions, Temple Bar has many gory tales to tell. It was often used to display the heads and other body parts of traitors who had been executed on spikes. By the early 19th Century, the arch became the cause of traffic congestion and was dismantled, from where it stood in Fleet Street. It was dismantled, piece by piece, in 1878. Each stone was numbered so that it could be re-erected. Temple Bar was purchased by Lady Valerie Meux and re-erected in 1889 at the entrance to Theobalds Park. Lady Valerie Meux was a socialite, racehorse owner, collector of antiques and the wife of Sir Henry Bruce Meux, the third and last Baronet of Theobalds Park. She was painted three times by Whistler. Before she married Sir Henry Bruce Meux, as Valerie Susie Langdon, the daughter of a butcher from Devon, she had been an actress, barmaid and a banjo player. However Temple Bar suffered neglect and vandalism and was eventually saved by the Court of Common Council from the City of London. It was dismantled and re-built in Paternoster behind St Paul’s Cathedral in 2004. This illustrates the strength and durability of the local Portland stone used. Rebuilt The current square was completed in 2003 to a master plan by the architect, Sir William Whitfield. There are a variety of modern buildings around the Square. The Column, Paternoster Square The focal point of the square is the column. Designed by Sir William Whitfield it is alleged to be a replica of the Inigo Jones’s columns of old St Pauls. You will see the urn on top which commemorates the Great Fire of 1666 and the blitz of late December 1940. It was designed to have gas flames from the top, but this was never added. Built of Portland stone with textured panels of De Lank Cornish Granite forming the water feature, the shaft is held in place with post tensioned stainless steel rods. Paternoster paving The paving that you are walking on is Yorkstone and Granite. The Yorkstone is Crosland Hill supplied by Johnson Wellfield. The quarry is located in Huddersfield and was established in 1854. The granite is De Lank from Bodmin Moor. This quarry has operated for about 150 years. King Edward Court, 10 Paternoster Square 10 Paternoster Court, completed in 2003 and designed by Eric Parry Architects, won the Natural Stone Awards 2004. The external Portland stone, which uses two distinct beds, supports the load of the precast concrete spandrel panels. Granite is used for the plinths. Leaving Paternoster Square via Paternoster Row we cross into Cheapside. Stone Bench – Cheapside This was the 2012 prize winning design of architectural students Craig Mitchell and Chris Dove. It was carved by masons at St Paul’s Cathedral works department. Supported by the Masons Company, the bench is carved from Portland “Grove Whitbed” limestone which was donated by Albion Stone PLC. Turning into Foster Lane on the right is Saint Vedast Church. Saint Vedast Foster or Saint Vedast-alias-Foster, is dedicated to Saint Vedast, a French saint whose cult came to England through contacts with Augustinian clergy. It was substantially reconstructed by the office of Sir Christopher Wren between 1695 and 1701 and is built of Portland stone. Pavements The pavements we are walking on are York stone with granite Kerbs. York stone from the Naylor Hill quarry was often used for City of London paving. The granite kerbs were traditionally produced in indigenous granite but from the mid 1800’s imported granite was used. Until the mid 1800’s the setts were often produced from Mount Sorel granite. Portuguese granite became popular for use as setts until recently, when it has been replaced by granite setts from China. On the left at the end of Foster Lane is 2 Gresham Street. The building is clad with Base Bed Portland stone seated on Baltic Brown Granite plinth. Goldsmiths Hall At the junction of Foster lane and Gresham Street is the Goldsmiths Hall. Completed in 1835 the building was designed by Phillip Hardwick RA renowned as the Architect for the now demolished Euston Arch. The Portland stone sits on top of a massive axe dressed granite base which was extracted from Haytor, Princetown & Merrival quarries from Dartmoor . 25 Gresham Street Designed by Nicholas Grimshaw, this is the only building in the City to use slate as its cladding, which is secured using stainless steel spiders. Broughton Moor slate from the Broughton Moor quarry, which has operated since the middle of the 19th Century, was quarried and manufactured by Burlington Stone. This building was constructed in 2002. 10 Gresham Street Designed by Foster & Partners and erected in 2003. The two wing walls of the building are clad with Portland stone seated on a Zimbabwe black “granite” plinth. You will see that at ground level there are two stone clad emergency fire exit doors at the base of each wing wall. The cladding was designed and installed by Szerelmey. 20 Gresham Street Designed by Kohn Pederson Fox. It has no stone on the outside however the Roman travertine, from quarries in Tivoli to the reception walls is spectacular and won a Stone Federation Great Britain Award. The design and installation of the Travertine was challenging and won the Interiors category at the Natural Stone Awards 2010. 31 Gresham Street Designed by Skidmore Owens Merrill and built in 1997- 1998. The building is clad with Portland stone with a green Brazilian granite plinth. This is hand set cladding with some complicated fixings to the large overhanging cornice. 100 Wood Street Designed by Foster & Partners the project was completed in 2000. The Portland stone is 50mm thick and bolted to an aluminium frame, as is the curtain wall cladding. At ground level and through the passage, thicker stone is used. Wood Street 30 Gresham Street Designed by Sidell Gibson Architects. Completed in 2006, it was, at the time, the largest speculative scheme with a footprint the size of a football pitch. The cladding is Bowers Basebed and Grove Whitbed Portland stone with an olive green granite plinth. 65 Gresham Street Stone-faced precast concrete with a facing of Portland stone from the Perryfield Quarry. Guildhall Yard – Paving The entrance from Gresham Street into Guildhall Yard is paved with Caithness stone. The Caithness quarry is located in the far north western tip of Scotland. The paving to the Guildhall Yard is laid in a geometric pattern. A variety of stones are used including Portland stone, Baltic Brown granite, Hauteville limestone and bands of grey diorite setts from Guernsey. Black slate forms the ellipse in the paving that shows the perimeter of the Roman Amphitheatre which dates back to AD 70. Guildhall Yard East Designed by Richard Gilbert-Scott, the son of Sir Giles Gilbert- Scott it houses the new Art Gallery, Museum and offices for the Corporation of London. The original building was totally demolished for the construction of the new building adjacent to the existing Guildhall. The architect chose contrasting bands of clean Whitbed and shelly Grove Whitbed Portland stone with a plinth of polished Sardinian granite. The Guildhall This was the seat of the administration of the City of London.
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