The Catholic Church in Tunisia: a transliminal institution between religion and nation The Journal of North African Studies, forthcoming 2019 Alexis Artaud de La Ferrière Lecturer, SOAS, University of London Chercheur associé à l’étrange, GSLR (Groupe Sociétés Religions Laïcités), EPHE/CNRS
[email protected] Abstract Since Tunisian national independence in 1956, the Catholic Church has maintained its presence in Tunisia despite the demographic collapse of Catholics in the country and despite the Church’s historic ties to the French state under the protectorate regime. The Church in Tunisia succeeded in maintaining a position within the country after independence by transforming itself from a triumphalist colonial institution into what can be termed a transliminal institution. Situated in a liminal position with regards to both the Tunisian and the Catholic worlds, the Church in Tunisia after independence continued to exist through a constant process of translation and mediation between these two spaces. This article examines the historical development of this situation and the key dimensions which constitute the institutional Church’s transliminality. Key words Catholicism, Religion, National identity, Tunisia, Transnationalism, Transliminality 1 Introduction In 2014, I attended (as a spectator) an international break dance competition sponsored by the energy drink company Red Bull. The event was held in the Carthage Acropolium, a vast neo- Byzantine-Moorish edifice on the heights of Byrsa, which currently serves as a cultural centre in this wealthy northern suburb of Tunis. However, prior to the Modus Vivendi signed between the Tunisian Republic and the Holy See in 1964, this had been a Roman Catholic Basilica dedicated by Cardinal Lavigerie to Saint Louis, the Capetian French monarch who died on that approximate spot during the Eighth Crusade in 1270.