(Hymenoptera: Apoidea) Species Visiting Rabbiteye Blueberry
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Male and Female Bees Show Large Differences in Floral Preference
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/432518; this version posted November 16, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Male and female bees show large differences in floral preference 2 3 Michael Roswell [email protected] 4 Graduate program in ecology and evolution, Rutgers University 5 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08904 6 7 Jonathan Dushoff 8 Department of biology, McMaster University 9 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario ON L8S 4K1 10 11 Rachael Winfree 12 Department of ecology, evolution, and natural resources, Rutgers University 13 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08904 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/432518; this version posted November 16, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 14 Abstract 15 16 1. Intraspecific variation in foraging niche can drive food web dynamics and 17 ecosystem processes. Field studies and theoretical analysis of plant-pollinator 18 interaction networks typically focus on the partitioning of the floral community 19 between pollinator species, with little attention paid to intraspecific variation 20 among plants or foraging bees. In other systems, male and female animals 21 exhibit different, cascading, impacts on interaction partners. -
Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Mi Bee Lab 9-21-1990 Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera) Charles D. Michener University of Kansas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Michener, Charles D., "Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)" (1990). Mi. Paper 153. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi/153 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Bee Lab at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 4 WWvyvlrWryrXvW-WvWrW^^ I • • •_ ••^«_«).•>.• •.*.« THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENC5;^ULLETIN LIBRARY Vol. 54, No. 4, pp. 75-164 Sept. 21,1990 OCT 23 1990 HARVARD Classification of the Apidae^ (Hymenoptera) BY Charles D. Michener'^ Appendix: Trigona genalis Friese, a Hitherto Unplaced New Guinea Species BY Charles D. Michener and Shoichi F. Sakagami'^ CONTENTS Abstract 76 Introduction 76 Terminology and Materials 77 Analysis of Relationships among Apid Subfamilies 79 Key to the Subfamilies of Apidae 84 Subfamily Meliponinae 84 Description, 84; Larva, 85; Nest, 85; Social Behavior, 85; Distribution, 85 Relationships among Meliponine Genera 85 History, 85; Analysis, 86; Biogeography, 96; Behavior, 97; Labial palpi, 99; Wing venation, 99; Male genitalia, 102; Poison glands, 103; Chromosome numbers, 103; Convergence, 104; Classificatory questions, 104 Fossil Meliponinae 105 Meliponorytes, -
A Review of Sampling and Monitoring Methods for Beneficial Arthropods
insects Review A Review of Sampling and Monitoring Methods for Beneficial Arthropods in Agroecosystems Kenneth W. McCravy Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Circle, Macomb, IL 61455, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-309-298-2160 Received: 12 September 2018; Accepted: 19 November 2018; Published: 23 November 2018 Abstract: Beneficial arthropods provide many important ecosystem services. In agroecosystems, pollination and control of crop pests provide benefits worth billions of dollars annually. Effective sampling and monitoring of these beneficial arthropods is essential for ensuring their short- and long-term viability and effectiveness. There are numerous methods available for sampling beneficial arthropods in a variety of habitats, and these methods can vary in efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper I review active and passive sampling methods for non-Apis bees and arthropod natural enemies of agricultural pests, including methods for sampling flying insects, arthropods on vegetation and in soil and litter environments, and estimation of predation and parasitism rates. Sample sizes, lethal sampling, and the potential usefulness of bycatch are also discussed. Keywords: sampling methodology; bee monitoring; beneficial arthropods; natural enemy monitoring; vane traps; Malaise traps; bowl traps; pitfall traps; insect netting; epigeic arthropod sampling 1. Introduction To sustainably use the Earth’s resources for our benefit, it is essential that we understand the ecology of human-altered systems and the organisms that inhabit them. Agroecosystems include agricultural activities plus living and nonliving components that interact with these activities in a variety of ways. Beneficial arthropods, such as pollinators of crops and natural enemies of arthropod pests and weeds, play important roles in the economic and ecological success of agroecosystems. -
WRA Species Report
Designation = Evaluate WRA Score = 2 Family: Ericaceae Taxon: Vaccinium virgatum Synonym: Vaccinium amoenum Aiton Common Name: Rabbit-eye blueberry Vaccinium ashei J. M. Reade Southern black blueberry Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: EVALUATE Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 2 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 n 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable -
An Ant–Plant Mutualism Through the Lens of Cgmp-Dependent Kinase
Downloaded from http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on September 13, 2017 An ant–plant mutualism through the rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org lens of cGMP-dependent kinase genes Pierre-Jean G. Male´1,†, Kyle M. Turner1,†, Manjima Doha1, Ina Anreiter1,2, Aaron M. Allen3, Marla B. Sokolowski1,2 and Megan E. Frederickson1 Research 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2 Cite this article: Male´ P-JG, Turner KM, Doha 2Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), MaRS Centre, M, Anreiter I, Allen AM, Sokolowski MB, West Tower, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1M1 3Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario, Frederickson ME. 2017 An ant–plant Canada M5S 3G5 mutualism through the lens of cGMP- MBS, 0000-0002-7462-8007; MEF, 0000-0002-9058-7137 dependent kinase genes. Proc. R. Soc. B 284: 20170896. In plant–animal mutualisms, how an animal forages often determines how http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0896 much benefit its plant partner receives. In many animals, foraging behaviour changes in response to foraging gene expression or activation of the cGMP- dependent protein kinase (PKG) that foraging encodes. Here, we show that this highly conserved molecular mechanism affects the outcome of a plant– Received: 26 April 2017 animal mutualism. We studied the two PKG genes of Allomerus octoarticulatus, Accepted: 4 August 2017 an Amazonian ant that defends the ant–plant Cordia nodosa against herbivores. Some ant colonies are better ‘bodyguards’ than others. -
Interactions of Wild Bees with Landscape, Farm Vegetation, and Flower Pollen
WILD BEE SPECIES RICHNESS ON NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA PRODUCE FARMS: INTERACTIONS OF WILD BEES WITH LANDSCAPE, FARM VEGETATION, AND FLOWER POLLEN By ROSALYN DENISE JOHNSON A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2016 © 2016 Rosalyn Denise Johnson To my family and friends who have supported me through this process ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To Rose and Robert, Rhonda and Joe, and Katherine and Matthew without whose encouragement and support I could not have done this. I am grateful to my co- advisors, Kathryn E. Sieving and H. Glenn Hall, and my committee, Rosalie L. Koenig, Emilio M. Bruna III, David M. Jarzen, and Mark E. Hostetler for the opportunity to contribute to the knowledge of wild bees with their expert guidance. I would also like to thank the farmers who allowed me to work on their land and my assistants Michael Commander, Amber Pcolka, Megan Rasmussen, Teresa Burlingame, Julie Perreau, Amanda Heh, Kristen McWilliams, Matthew Zwerling, Mandie Carr, Hope Woods, and Mike King for their hard work 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 8 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. -
(Native) Bee Basics
A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication Bee Basics An Introduction to Our Native Bees By Beatriz Moisset, Ph.D. and Stephen Buchmann, Ph.D. Cover Art: Upper panel: The southeastern blueberry bee Habropoda( laboriosa) visiting blossoms of Rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum). Lower panel: Female andrenid bees (Andrena cornelli) foraging for nectar on Azalea (Rhododendron canescens). A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication Bee Basics: An Introduction to Our Native Bees By Beatriz Moisset, Ph.D. and Stephen Buchmann, Ph.D. Illustrations by Steve Buchanan A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication United States Department of Agriculture Acknowledgments Edited by Larry Stritch, Ph.D. Julie Nelson Teresa Prendusi Laurie Davies Adams Worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) visiting almond blossoms (Prunus dulcis). Introduction Native bees are a hidden treasure. From alpine meadows in the national forests of the Rocky Mountains to the Sonoran Desert in the Coronado National Forest in Arizona and from the boreal forests of the Tongass National Forest in Alaska to the Ocala National Forest in Florida, bees can be found anywhere in North America, where flowers bloom. From forests to farms, from cities to wildlands, there are 4,000 native bee species in the United States, from the tiny Perdita minima to large carpenter bees. Most people do not realize that there were no honey bees in America before European settlers brought hives from Europe. These resourceful animals promptly managed to escape from domestication. As they had done for millennia in Europe and Asia, honey bees formed swarms and set up nests in hollow trees. -
FORTY YEARS of CHANGE in SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-15-2019 FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Cumberland, Catherine. "FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES." (2019). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/321 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Cumberland Candidate Biology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Kenneth Whitney, Ph.D., Chairperson Scott Collins, Ph.D. Paula Klientjes-Neff, Ph.D. Diane Marshall, Ph.D. Kelly Miller, Ph.D. i FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology, Sonoma State University 2005 B.A., Environmental Studies, Sonoma State University 2005 M.S., Ecology, Colorado State University 2014 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy BIOLOGY The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico July, 2019 ii FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology B.A., Environmental Studies M.S., Ecology Ph.D., Biology ABSTRACT Changes in a regional bee assemblage were investigated by repeating a 1970s study from the U.S. -
Bees of Ohio: a Field Guide
Bees of Ohio: A Field Guide North American Native Bee Collaborative The Bees of Ohio: A Field Guide (Version 1.1.1 , 5/2020) was developed based on Bees of Maryland: A Field Guide, authored by the North American Native Bee Collaborative Editing and layout for The Bees of Ohio : Amy Schnebelin, with input from MaLisa Spring and Denise Ellsworth. Cover photo by Amy Schnebelin Copyright Public Domain. 2017 by North American Native Bee Collaborative Public Domain. This book is designed to be modified, extracted from, or reproduced in its entirety by any group for any reason. Multiple copies of the same book with slight variations are completely expected and acceptable. Feel free to distribute or sell as you wish. We especially encourage people to create field guides for their region. There is no need to get in touch with the Collaborative, however, we would appreciate hearing of any corrections and suggestions that will help make the identification of bees more accessible and accurate to all people. We also suggest you add our names to the acknowledgments and add yourself and your collaborators. The only thing that will make us mad is if you block the free transfer of this information. The corresponding member of the Collaborative is Sam Droege ([email protected]). First Maryland Edition: 2017 First Ohio Edition: 2020 ISBN None North American Native Bee Collaborative Washington D.C. Where to Download or Order the Maryland version: PDF and original MS Word files can be downloaded from: http://bio2.elmira.edu/fieldbio/handybeemanual.html. -
The Bee Genus Andrena (Andrenidae) and the Tribe Anthophorini (Apidae) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Studies in phylogeny and biosystematics of bees: The bee genus Andrena (Andrenidae) and the tribe Anthophorini (Apidae) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München vorgelegt von Andreas Dubitzky Hebertshausen, 16. Dezember 2005 Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Klaus Schönitzer Zweitgutachter: PD Dr. Roland Melzer Tag der Abgabe: 16.12.05 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 23.5.06 Disclaimer All nomenclaturically relevant acts in this thesis have to be regarded as unpublished according to Article 8 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and will become available by separate publications. This dissertation is dedicated to my parents Heinz and Christine Dubitzky, who gave me the opportunity to carry out these studies and continuously supported me with their love and patience. Contents 1. Introduction............................................................................................................1 2. Material and methods............................................................................................4 2.1 Material examined ......................................................................................4 2.1.1 Morphological studies.......................................................................4 2.1.2 Molecular analysis ............................................................................5 2.2 Preparation of male genitalia and female head capsule including mouthparts...................................................................................5 -
Downloaded Pollination Network Data from the Interaction Web Database of the National
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Effects of Habitat Fragmentation and Introduced Species on the Structure and Function of Plant-Pollinator Interactions Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7t50612j Author Hung, Keng-Lou James Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Effects of Habitat Fragmentation and Introduced Species on the Structure and Function of Plant-Pollinator Interactions A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology by Keng-Lou James Hung Committee in charge: Professor David A. Holway, Chair Professor Joshua R. Kohn Professor Lisa A. Levin Professor Jean-Bernard H. Minster Professor James C. Nieh 2017 © Keng-Lou James Hung, 2017 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Keng-Lou James Hung is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2017 iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, who stopped at nothing to nurture my intellectual curiosity; to my brother, who was my ever-reliable field assistant and encourager; and to my wife, who gave up everything she had to make this venture a reality. This dissertation is as much a product of my hard work as it is your unconditional love, support, and prayers. This dissertation is also dedicated to the 43,000 bees, wasps, flies, and other insects whose curtailed lives will be forever immortalized in data that will one day be used to secure a brighter future for their kind. -
Abstract Rogers, Shelley Renee
ABSTRACT ROGERS, SHELLEY RENEE. Pollination Ecology of Highbush Blueberry Agroecosystems. (Under the direction of Hannah J. Burrack and David R. Tarpy). Both managed and wild bee species provide pollination services to agroecosystems. However, our understanding of the relationship between bee community composition and agroecosystem functioning (productivity and stability of pollination) is still evolving. In highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) agroecosystems, we evaluated (1) the relative contribution of different bee taxa to pollination, (2) the mechanisms underlying their contribution, (3) the importance of pollinator taxonomic diversity to crop productivity and stability, and (4) the influence of the pollinator community on bee foraging behavior. In 2010 and 2011, we surveyed the pollinator community (using transect observations and pan traps) during repeated visits to multiple blueberry farms in North Carolina. We assessed pollination (by measuring resultant seed set) from either a single bee visit or unrestricted visitation (i.e., open pollination) to flowers. We found that several bee taxa were consistently present and abundant flower visitors: honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumble bees (Bombus spp.), blueberry bees (Habropoda laboriosa), ‘small native’ bees (predominantly andrenids and halictids), carpenter bees (Xylocopa virginica), and horn-faced bees (Osmia cornifrons; in western NC only). These bee groups varied in their abundance at flowers, per-visit efficiency, and the degree to which their foraging behavior depended on weather. Despite a high density of managed pollinators (A. mellifera), we show that wild bee species contributed almost equally to pollination in the highbush blueberry agroecosystems that we observed. Additionally, blueberry pollinator taxa exhibited 'response diversity' to weather, thus stabilizing plant visitation between inclement and optimal foraging conditions.