Voucher Specimens Deposited in the Oregon State Arthropod Collection for Masters of Science Dissertation, Forest Pollinators (Hymenoptera, Apiformes)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Bees in Urban Landscapes: an Investigation of Habitat Utilization By
Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization By Victoria Agatha Wojcik A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Professor Gregory S. Biging Professor Louise A. Mozingo Fall 2009 Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization © 2009 by Victoria Agatha Wojcik ABSTRACT Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization by Victoria Agatha Wojcik Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management University of California, Berkeley Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Bees are one of the key groups of anthophilies that make use of the floral resources present within urban landscapes. The ecological patterns of bees in cities are under further investigation in this dissertation work in an effort to build knowledge capacity that can be applied to management and conservation. Seasonal occurrence patterns are common among bees and their floral resources in wildland habitats. To investigate the nature of these phenological interactions in cities, bee visitation to a constructed floral resource base in Berkeley, California was monitored in the first year of garden development. The constructed habitat was used by nearly one-third of the locally known bee species. Bees visiting this urban resource displayed distinct patterns of seasonality paralleling those of wildland bees, with some species exhibiting extended seasons. Differential bee visitation patterns are common between individual floral resources. The effective monitoring of bee populations requires an understanding of this variability. To investigate the patterns and trends in urban resource usage, the foraging of the community of bees visiting Tecoma stans resources in three tropical dry forest cities in Costa Rica was studied. -
Wild Bee Species Increase Tomato Production and Respond Differently to Surrounding Land Use in Northern California
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 133 (2006) 81– 87 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Wild bee species increase tomato production and respond differently to surrounding land use in Northern California Sarah S. Greenleaf*, Claire Kremen1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Pollination provided by bees enhances the production of many crops. However, the contri- Received 11 December 2005 bution of wild bees remains unmeasured for many crops, and the effects of anthropogenic Received in revised form change on many bee species are unstudied. We experimentally investigated how pollina- 5 May 2006 tion by wild bees affects tomato production in northern California. We found that wild bees Accepted 16 May 2006 substantially increase the production of field-grown tomato, a crop generally considered Available online 24 July 2006 self-pollinating. Surveys of the bee community on 14 organic fields that varied in proximity to natural habitat showed that the primary bee visitors, Anthophora urbana Cresson and Keywords: Bombus vosnesenskii Radoszkowski, were affected differently by land management prac- Agro-ecosystem tices. B. vosnesenskii was found primarily on farms proximate to natural habitats, but nei- Crop pollination ther proximity to natural habitat nor tomato floral abundance, temperature, or year Ecosystem services explained variation in the visitation rates of A. urbana. Natural habitat appears to increase Bombus vosnesenskii B. vosnesenskii populations and should be preserved near farms. Additional research is Anthophora urbana needed to determine how to maintain A. urbana. Species-specific differences in depen- Habitat conservation dency on natural habitats underscore the importance of considering the natural histories of individual bee species when projecting population trends of pollinators and designing management plans for pollination services. -
Studies of North American Bees
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers from the University Studies series (The University of Nebraska) University Studies of the University of Nebraska January 1914 Studies of North American Bees Myron Harmon Swenk University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/univstudiespapers Part of the Life Sciences Commons Swenk, Myron Harmon, "Studies of North American Bees" (1914). Papers from the University Studies series (The University of Nebraska). 9. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/univstudiespapers/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Studies of the University of Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers from the University Studies series (The University of Nebraska) by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. VOL. XIV JANUAR Y 1914 No. I I.-STUDIES OF NORTH AMERICAN BEES BY MYRON HARMON SWENK &+ The present paper is the second of the series proposed in a previous contribution on the famil.\- Nomadidae (arztea, XII, pp. I-II~),and aims to tabulate and list the bees of the family Stelididae occurring in Nebraska, together wilth annotations con- cerning their distribution, comparative abundance and season of flight. As in the previous study, records and descriptions of specimens from outside Nebraska before the writer are included where these seem to add anything to our knowledge of the species concerned. MATERIAL In the studies upon which this paper is based over four hundred specimens have been examined and determined. From the state of Nebraska fifteen species and subspecies are recorded, and of these three species are apparently new. -
Newsletter of the Biological Survey of Canada
Newsletter of the Biological Survey of Canada Vol. 40(1) Summer 2021 The Newsletter of the BSC is published twice a year by the In this issue Biological Survey of Canada, an incorporated not-for-profit From the editor’s desk............2 group devoted to promoting biodiversity science in Canada. Membership..........................3 President’s report...................4 BSC Facebook & Twitter...........5 Reminder: 2021 AGM Contributing to the BSC The Annual General Meeting will be held on June 23, 2021 Newsletter............................5 Reminder: 2021 AGM..............6 Request for specimens: ........6 Feature Articles: Student Corner 1. City Nature Challenge Bioblitz Shawn Abraham: New Student 2021-The view from 53.5 °N, Liaison for the BSC..........................7 by Greg Pohl......................14 Mayflies (mainlyHexagenia sp., Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae): an 2. Arthropod Survey at Fort Ellice, MB important food source for adult by Robert E. Wrigley & colleagues walleye in NW Ontario lakes, by A. ................................................18 Ricker-Held & D.Beresford................8 Project Updates New book on Staphylinids published Student Corner by J. Klimaszewski & colleagues......11 New Student Liaison: Assessment of Chironomidae (Dip- Shawn Abraham .............................7 tera) of Far Northern Ontario by A. Namayandeh & D. Beresford.......11 Mayflies (mainlyHexagenia sp., Ephemerop- New Project tera: Ephemeridae): an important food source Help GloWorm document the distribu- for adult walleye in NW Ontario lakes, tion & status of native earthworms in by A. Ricker-Held & D.Beresford................8 Canada, by H.Proctor & colleagues...12 Feature Articles 1. City Nature Challenge Bioblitz Tales from the Field: Take me to the River, by Todd Lawton ............................26 2021-The view from 53.5 °N, by Greg Pohl..............................14 2. -
Specialist Foragers in Forest Bee Communities Are Small, Social Or Emerge Early
Received: 5 November 2018 | Accepted: 2 April 2019 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13003 RESEARCH ARTICLE Specialist foragers in forest bee communities are small, social or emerge early Colleen Smith1,2 | Lucia Weinman1,2 | Jason Gibbs3 | Rachael Winfree2 1GraDuate Program in Ecology & Evolution, Rutgers University, New Abstract Brunswick, New Jersey 1. InDiviDual pollinators that specialize on one plant species within a foraging bout 2 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and transfer more conspecific and less heterospecific pollen, positively affecting plant Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey reproDuction. However, we know much less about pollinator specialization at the 3Department of Entomology, University of scale of a foraging bout compared to specialization by pollinator species. Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanaDa 2. In this stuDy, we measured the Diversity of pollen carried by inDiviDual bees forag- Correspondence ing in forest plant communities in the miD-Atlantic United States. Colleen Smith Email: [email protected] 3. We found that inDiviDuals frequently carried low-Diversity pollen loaDs, suggest- ing that specialization at the scale of the foraging bout is common. InDiviDuals of Funding information Xerces Society for Invertebrate solitary bee species carried higher Diversity pollen loaDs than Did inDiviDuals of Conservation; Natural Resources social bee species; the latter have been better stuDied with respect to foraging Conservation Service; GarDen Club of America bout specialization, but account for a small minority of the worlD’s bee species. Bee boDy size was positively correlated with pollen load Diversity, and inDiviDuals HanDling EDitor: Julian Resasco of polylectic (but not oligolectic) species carried increasingly Diverse pollen loaDs as the season progresseD, likely reflecting an increase in the Diversity of flowers in bloom. -
Wild Bee Declines and Changes in Plant-Pollinator Networks Over 125 Years Revealed Through Museum Collections
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2018 WILD BEE DECLINES AND CHANGES IN PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS OVER 125 YEARS REVEALED THROUGH MUSEUM COLLECTIONS Minna Mathiasson University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Mathiasson, Minna, "WILD BEE DECLINES AND CHANGES IN PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS OVER 125 YEARS REVEALED THROUGH MUSEUM COLLECTIONS" (2018). Master's Theses and Capstones. 1192. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/1192 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WILD BEE DECLINES AND CHANGES IN PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS OVER 125 YEARS REVEALED THROUGH MUSEUM COLLECTIONS BY MINNA ELIZABETH MATHIASSON BS Botany, University of Maine, 2013 THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences: Integrative and Organismal Biology May, 2018 This thesis has been examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences: Integrative and Organismal Biology by: Dr. Sandra M. Rehan, Assistant Professor of Biology Dr. Carrie Hall, Assistant Professor of Biology Dr. Janet Sullivan, Adjunct Associate Professor of Biology On April 18, 2018 Original approval signatures are on file with the University of New Hampshire Graduate School. -
Response of Pollinators to the Tradeoff Between Resource Acquisition And
Oikos 000: 001–010, 2011 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19910.x © 2011 The Authors. Oikos © 2011 Nordic Society Oikos Subject Editor: Koos Biesmierer. Accepted 25 July 2011 0 Response of pollinators to the tradeoff between resource 53 acquisition and predator avoidance 55 5 Ana L. Llandres, Eva De Mas and Miguel A. Rodríguez-Gironés 60 A. L. Llandres ([email protected]), E. De Mas and M. A. Rodríguez-Gironés, Dept of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Carretera de Sacramento, s/n, ES-04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain. 10 65 Although the behaviour of animals facing the conflicting demands of increasing foraging success and decreasing predation risk has been studied in many taxa, the response of pollinators to variations in both factors has only been studied in isola- tion. We compared visit rates of two pollinator species, hoverflies and honeybees, to 40 Chrysanthemum segetum patches 15 in which we manipulated predation risk (patches with and without crab spiders) and nectar availability (rich and poor patches) using a full factorial design. Pollinators responded differently to the tradeoff between maximising intake rate and minimising predation risk: honeybees preferred rich safe patches and avoided poor risky patches while the number of hov- 70 erflies was highest at poor risky patches. Because honeybees were more susceptible to predation than hoverflies, our results suggest that, in the presence of competition for resources, less susceptible pollinators concentrate their foraging effort on 20 riskier resources, where competition is less severe. Crab spiders had a negative effect on the rate at which inflorescences were visited by honeybees. -
Identification of 37 Microsatellite Loci for Anthophora Plumipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Using Next Generation Sequencing and Their Utility in Related Species
Eur. J. Entomol. 109: 155–160, 2012 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1692 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Identification of 37 microsatellite loci for Anthophora plumipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) using next generation sequencing and their utility in related species KATEěINA ýERNÁ and JAKUB STRAKA Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viniþná 7, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Key words. Hymenoptera, Apidae, microsatellite development, Anthophora plumipes, 454 sequencing, Anthophorini Abstract. Novel microsatellite markers for the solitary bee, Anthophora plumipes, were identified and characterised using 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing technology. Thirty seven loci were tested using fluorescently labelled primers on a sample of 20 females from Prague. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 10 (with a mean of 4 alleles per locus), resulting in an observed hetero- zygosity ranging from 0.05 to 0.9 and an expected heterozygosity from 0.097 to 0.887. None of the loci showed a significant devia- tion from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and only two loci showed the significant presence of null alleles. No linkage between loci was detected. We further provide information on a single multiplex PCR consisting of 11 of the most polymorphic loci. This multi- plex approach provides an effective analytical tool for analysing genetic structure and carrying out parental analyses on Anthophora populations. Most of the 37 loci tested also showed robust amplification in five other Anthophora species (A. aestivalis, A. crinipes, A. plagiata, A. pubescens and A. quadrimaculata). -
Unique Bee Communities Within Vacant Lots and Urban Farms Result from Variation in Surrounding Urbanization Intensity
sustainability Article Unique Bee Communities within Vacant Lots and Urban Farms Result from Variation in Surrounding Urbanization Intensity Frances S. Sivakoff ID , Scott P. Prajzner and Mary M. Gardiner * ID Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; [email protected] (F.S.S.); [email protected] (S.P.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-330-601-6628 Received: 1 May 2018; Accepted: 5 June 2018; Published: 8 June 2018 Abstract: We investigated the relative importance of vacant lot and urban farm habitat features and their surrounding landscape context on bee community richness, abundance, composition, and resource use patterns. Three years of pan trap collections from 16 sites yielded a rich assemblage of bees from vacant lots and urban farms, with 98 species documented. We collected a greater bee abundance from vacant lots, and the two forms of greenspace supported significantly different bee communities. Plant–pollinator networks constructed from floral visitation observations revealed that, while the average number of bees utilizing available resources, niche breadth, and niche overlap were similar, the composition of floral resources and common foragers varied by habitat type. Finally, we found that the proportion of impervious surface and number of greenspace patches in the surrounding landscape strongly influenced bee assemblages. At a local scale (100 m radius), patch isolation appeared to limit colonization of vacant lots and urban farms. However, at a larger landscape scale (1000 m radius), increasing urbanization resulted in a greater concentration of bees utilizing vacant lots and urban farms, illustrating that maintaining greenspaces provides important habitat, even within highly developed landscapes. -
Bumble Bee Surveys in the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area of Oregon and Washington
Bumble Bee Surveys in the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area of Oregon and Washington Final report from the Xerces Society to the U.S. Forest Service and Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program (ISSSSP) Agreement L13AC00102, Modification 5 Bombus vosnesenskii on Balsamorhiza sagittata. Photo by Rich Hatfield, the Xerces Society. By Rich Hatfield, Sarina Jepsen, and Scott Black, the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation September 2017 1 Table of Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Site Selection ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Site Descriptions (west to east) ................................................................................................................ 7 T14ES27 (USFS) ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Cape Horn (USFS) ................................................................................................................................. -
Floral Guilds of Bees in Sagebrush Steppe: Comparing Bee Usage Of
ABSTRACT: Healthy plant communities of the American sagebrush steppe consist of mostly wind-polli- • nated shrubs and grasses interspersed with a diverse mix of mostly spring-blooming, herbaceous perennial wildflowers. Native, nonsocial bees are their common floral visitors, but their floral associations and abundances are poorly known. Extrapolating from the few available pollination studies, bees are the primary pollinators needed for seed production. Bees, therefore, will underpin the success of ambitious seeding efforts to restore native forbs to impoverished sagebrush steppe communities following vast Floral Guilds of wildfires. This study quantitatively characterized the floral guilds of 17 prevalent wildflower species of the Great Basin that are, or could be, available for restoration seed mixes. More than 3800 bees repre- senting >170 species were sampled from >35,000 plants. Species of Osmia, Andrena, Bombus, Eucera, Bees in Sagebrush Halictus, and Lasioglossum bees prevailed. The most thoroughly collected floral guilds, at Balsamorhiza sagittata and Astragalus filipes, comprised 76 and 85 native bee species, respectively. Pollen-specialists Steppe: Comparing dominated guilds at Lomatium dissectum, Penstemon speciosus, and several congenerics. In contrast, the two native wildflowers used most often in sagebrush steppe seeding mixes—Achillea millefolium and Linum lewisii—attracted the fewest bees, most of them unimportant in the other floral guilds. Suc- Bee Usage of cessfully seeding more of the other wildflowers studied here would greatly improve degraded sagebrush Wildflowers steppe for its diverse native bee communities. Index terms: Apoidea, Asteraceae, Great Basin, oligolecty, restoration Available for Postfire INTRODUCTION twice a decade (Whisenant 1990). Massive Restoration wildfires are burning record acreages of the The American sagebrush steppe grows American West; two fires in 2007 together across the basins and foothills over much burned >500,000 ha of shrub-steppe and 1,3 James H. -
Land Uses That Support Wild Bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) Communities Within an Agricultural Matrix
Land uses that support wild bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) communities within an agricultural matrix A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Elaine Celeste Evans IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Dr. Marla Spivak December 2016 © Elaine Evans 2016 Acknowledgements Many people helped me successfully complete this project. Many years ago, my advisor, mentor, hero, and friend, Marla Spivak, saw potential in me and helped me to become an effective scientist and educator working to create a more bee-friendly world. I have benefitted immensely from her guidance and support. The Bee Lab team, both those that helped me directly in the field, and those that advised along the way through analysis and writing, have provided a dreamy workplace: Joel Gardner, Matt Smart, Renata Borba, Katie Lee, Gary Reuter, Becky Masterman, Judy Wu, Ian Lane, Morgan Carr- Markell. My committee helped guide me along the way and steer me in the right direction: Dan Cariveau (gold star for much advice on analysis), Diane Larson, Ralph Holzenthal, and Karen Oberauser. Cooperation with Chip Eullis and Jordan Neau at the USGS enabled detailed land use analysis. The bee taxonomists who helped me with bee identification were essential for the success of this project: Jason Gibbs, John Ascher, Sam Droege, Mike Arduser, and Karen Wright. My friends and family eased my burden with their enthusiasm for me to follow my passion and their understanding of my monomania. My husband Paul Metzger and my son August supported me in uncountable ways.