African Studies Series
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Animals and the Frontiers of Citizenship
Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, Vol. 34, No. 2 (2014), pp. 201–219 doi:10.1093/ojls/gqu001 Published Advance Access February 5, 2014 Animals and the Frontiers of Citizenship Will Kymlicka* and Sue Donaldson** Abstract —Citizenship has been at the core of struggles by historically excluded Downloaded from groups for respect and inclusion. Can citizenship be extended even further to domesticated animals? We begin this article by sketching an argument for why justice requires the extension of citizenship to domesticated animals, above and beyond compassionate care, stewardship or universal basic rights. We then consider two objections to this argument. Some animal rights theorists worry that extending citizenship to domesticated animals, while it may sound progressive, would in fact http://ojls.oxfordjournals.org/ be bad for animals, providing yet another basis for policing their behaviour to fit human needs and interests. Critics of animal rights, on the other hand, worry that the inclusion of ‘unruly’ beasts would be bad for democracy, eroding its core values and principles. We attempt to show that both objections are misplaced, and that animal citizenship would both promote justice for animals and deepen fundamental democratic dispositions and values. Keywords: citizenship, animal rights, justice, co-operation at Queen's University on June 23, 2014 1. Introduction In our recent book Zoopolis, we made the case for a distinctly ‘political theory of animal rights’.1 In this Lecture, we attempt to extend that argument, and to respond to some critics of it, by focusing specifically on the novel idea of ‘animal citizenship’. To begin, let us briefly situate our approach in the larger animal rights debate. -
Educational Rights and the Roles of Virtues, Perfectionism, and Cultural Progress
The Law of Education: Educational Rights and the Roles of Virtues, Perfectionism, and Cultural Progress R. GEORGE WRIGHT* I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 385 II. EDUCATION: PURPOSES, RECENT OUTCOMES, AND LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR REFORM ................................................................ 391 A. EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES AND RIGHTS LANGUAGE ...................... 391 B. SOME RECENT GROUNDS FOR CONCERN IN FULFILLING EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ............................................................. 393 C. THE BROAD RANGE OF AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR THE LEGAL REFORM OF EDUCATION ............................................................... 395 III. SOME LINKAGES BETWEEN EDUCATION AND THE BASIC VIRTUES, PERFECTIONISM, AND CULTURAL PROGRESS ..................................... 397 IV. VIRTUES AND THEIR LEGITIMATE PROMOTION THROUGH THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM ...................................................................... 401 V. PERFECTIONISM AND ITS LEGITIMATE PROMOTION THROUGH THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM ...................................................................... 410 VI. CULTURAL PROGRESS OVER TIME AND ITS LEGITIMATE PROMOTION THROUGH THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM .............................................. 417 VII. CONCLUSION: EDUCATION LAW AS RIGHTS-CENTERED AND AS THE PURSUIT OF WORTHY VALUES AND GOALS: THE EXAMPLE OF HORNE V. FLORES ............................................................................................ 431 I. INTRODUCTION The law of education -
Reading List for Comprehensive Examination in Political Theory
READING LIST FOR COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION IN POLITICAL THEORY Department of Political Science Columbia University Requirements Majors should prepare for questions based on reading from the entire reading list. Minors should prepare for questions based on reading from the core list and any one of the satellite lists. CORE LIST Plato, The Republic Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics Books I, II, V, VIII, X; Politics Polybius, Rise of the Roman Empire, Book I paragraphs 1-10 (“Introduction”) and Book VI Cicero, The Republic Augustine, City of God, Books I, VIII (ch.s 4-11), XII, XIV, XIX, XXII (ch.s 23-24, 29-30) Aquinas, Summa Theologica, Questions 42, 66, 90-92, 94-97, 105 Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince; Discourses (as selected in Selected Political Writings, ed. David Wootton) Jean Bodin, On Sovereignty (ed. Julian Franklin) Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (as selected in Norton Critical Edition, ed. David Johnston) James Harrington, Oceana (Cambridge U. Press, ed. J.G.A. Pocock), pp. 63-70 (from Introduction), pp. 161-87; 413-19 John Locke, Second Treatise of Government; “A Letter Concerning Toleration” David Hume, “Of the Original Contract,” “The Independence of Parliament,” “That Politics May Be Reduced to A Science,” “Of the First Principle of Government,” “Of Parties in General” 1 Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws (as selected in Selected Political Writings, ed. Melvin Richter) Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Part I ("On the propriety of action"); Part II, Section II ("Of justice and beneficence"); Part IV ("On the effect of utility on the sentiment of approbation") Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origins of Inequality; On The Social Contract Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (as selected in World’s Classics Edition, ed. -
REID-DISSERTATION-2018.Pdf
VEGANISM AND THE ETHICS AND EPISTEMOLOGY OF DISAGREEMENT: A NEO-PASCALIAN APPROACH By Adam Curran Reid, B.A., M.A. A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland, February, 2018 © Adam Curran Reid 2018 All Rights Reserved Abstract Disagreement is without a doubt one of the most universal, enduring, and oftentimes quite vexing, features of our life in common. This latter aspect, to be sure, becomes all the more evident when the particular disagreement at hand concerns differing ethical beliefs, value-judgments, or deep questions about the nature, and scope, of morally permissible action as such. One such question—also the chief subject of dispute to be taken up in this dissertation—is whether or not human beings are morally justified in killing, eating, wearing—in a word, exploiting—non-human animals for our benefit when doing so is neither required for us to survive or to flourish. Ethical vegans answer ‘no,’ insisting that non-human animals, qua sentient, conscious, experiential selves, ought to be treated with fundamental concern and respect, which, at a minimum, demands that we stop exploiting them as resources and commodities. Unsurprisingly, many disagree. While I shall have much more to say about (and in support for) ethical veganism in what follows, the guiding aim of this dissertation is firstly to explore certain key questions regarding the ethics and epistemology of disagreement(s) about veganism. In this way, my approach notably departs from that which has long prevailed (and rightly so) in conventional animal rights theory and vegan advocacy, where the emphasis, and aim, has generally been about making the first-order case for animal rights, abolition, and, therein, for veganism itself. -
Connexion: a Note on Praxis for Animal Advocates
Dalhousie Law Journal Volume 40 Issue 2 Article 5 10-1-2017 Connexion: A Note on Praxis for Animal Advocates John Enman-Beech Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.schulichlaw.dal.ca/dlj Part of the Animal Law Commons Recommended Citation John Enman-Beech, "Connexion: A Note on Praxis for Animal Advocates" (2017) 40:2 Dal LJ 545. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Schulich Law Scholars. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dalhousie Law Journal by an authorized editor of Schulich Law Scholars. For more information, please contact [email protected]. John Enman-Beech* Connexion: A Note on Praxis for Animal Advocates Effective animal advocacy requires human-animal connexion. I apply a relational approach to unfold this insight into a praxis for animal advocates. Connexion grounds the affective relationships that so often motivate animal advocates. More importantly, it enables animal agency, the ability of animals to act and communicate in ways humans can experience and respond to. With connexion in mind, some weaknesses of previous reform efforts become apparent. I join these in the slogan "abolitionismas disconnexion." In so far as abolitionism draws humans and animals apart, it undermines the movement's social basis, limits its imaginative resources, and deprives animals of a deeper freedom. I evaluate political theories of animals and find that only some can frame a picture of humans and animals living together in connexion. I close by noting the limitations of the connexion lens-we cannot simply create connexions without also evaluating whether they are oppressive-and some practical policy measures that can be taken today to further the goods of connexion Pour 6tre efficace, /a defense des animaux exige une connexion entre /'homme et /'animal. -
Doctor of Philosophy
RICE UNIVERSITY By Drew Robert Winter A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE Doctor of Philosophy APPROVED, THESIS COMMITTEE Cymene Howe (Apr 15, 2020) Cymene Howe James Faubion James Faubion (Apr 15, 2020) James Faubion Cary Wolfe Cary Wolfe (Apr 16, 2020) Cary Wolfe HOUSTON, TEXAS April 2020 i Abstract Hyperanimals: framing livestock and climate change in Danish Imaginaries By Drew Robert Winter The IPCC and UN FAO have both suggested a global reduction in meat consumption to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But how do nations and citizens resolve tensions between ecological stewardship and meat consumption? What is implied in eating meat and raising livestock in a country where the historical imaginary yokes national values to the pig-producing countryside? To answer these questions, this dissertation examines how climate change is affecting meat consumption and production logics in Denmark. Though the country has a reputation for progressive environmental policy, its formerly large agricultural sector continues to exert disproportionate political influence, and many citizens consider pork its most "traditional" food. In 2016, a publicly-funded advisory council issued a report suggesting that parliament pass a beef tax to reduce consumption and reflect its environmental impact. The report was the most controversial the council had ever issued, with members receiving angry phone calls and politicians arguing the council should be disbanded. The proposal put national tensions between sustainability -
How We Tr-Eat Animals
Umeå universitet Statsvetenskapliga institutionen HOW WE TR(EAT) ANIMALS A political analysis of the problems faced with implementing the capabilities approach Uppsats för C-seminariet i Statsvetenskap vid Umeå universitet Vårterminen 2015 Johan Westin Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 4 2. Aims and purpose ................................................................................................................... 6 3. Limitations ............................................................................................................................. 6 4. Disposition ............................................................................................................................. 6 5. Theory .................................................................................................................................... 7 5.1 The capabilities approach ................................................................................................. 7 6. Method ................................................................................................................................. 11 6.1 Normative analysis ......................................................................................................... 11 6.1.1 Values and the ‘should’ questions -
A Walk Through the Gallery 5
A WALK THROUGH THE GALLERY MARGARET PLASS The new African Gallery has been designed to exhibit, simply and honestly, a selection of sculptures from our permanent collections. Proudly we present them as works of art; where possible they are arranged in tribal groups for convenience and comparative study. They are labeled briefly and clearly. Here are the materials from which our visitors may form a just view of the special characteristics and merits of Negro art. For more than half a century our Museum has been enriched by acces- sions of African sculpture, mainly by purchase and partly by gifts, to the end that our permanent collections are the largest and most varied in style in America. The following descriptive notes are not to be construed as an attempt at a catalogue of the exhibition; the serious student may have access to fully documented formal catalogues should he apply to the Museum staff. In Dr. Coon's introduction he has given us the anthropological and ethno- grapbical background of the people who produced this art, working within the framework of their tribal traditions. Here in this book, with their photographs, are small synopses of what we know of these sculptures, and what we guess. We all have conscious, and sometimes unconscious, difficulty in understanding such works of art; the philosophical barrier that lies in the way of full appreciation is almost too difficult to hurdle. Many writers have tried to explain the magico-religious significance, the strength and directness of African art; few have succeeded. Perhaps these notes are mere hints and suggestions, but we hope that they may sometimes be stimulating as well as factual. -
About Early and Medieval African
CK_4_TH_HG_P087_242.QXD 10/6/05 9:02 AM Page 146 IV. Early and Medieval African Kingdoms Teaching Idea Create an overhead of Instructional What Teachers Need to Know Master 21, The African Continent, and A. Geography of Africa use it to orient students to the physical Background features discussed in this section. Have them use the distance scale to Africa is the second-largest continent. Its shores are the Mediterranean compute distances, for example, the Sea on the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Red Sea and Indian Ocean length and width of the Sahara. to the east, and the Indian Ocean to the south. The area south of the Sahara is Students might be interested to learn often called sub-Saharan Africa and is the focus of Section C, “Medieval that the entire continental United Kingdoms of the Sudan,” (see pp. 149–152). States could fit inside the Sahara. Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea The Red Sea separates Africa from the Arabian Peninsula. Except for the small piece of land north of the Red Sea, Africa does not touch any other land- Name Date mass. Beginning in 1859, a French company dug the Suez Canal through this nar- The African Continent row strip of Egypt between the Mediterranean and the Red Seas. The new route, Study the map. Use it to answer the questions below. completed in 1869, cut 4,000 miles off the trip from western Europe to India. Atlantic and Indian Oceans The Atlantic Ocean borders the African continent on the west. The first explorations by Europeans trying to find a sea route to Asia were along the Atlantic coast of Africa. -
Draft Bibliography
Wim van Binsbergen, 2007, Out of Sundaland?: A constructive assessment of Oppenheimer’s thesis claiming decisive Indonesian prehistoric cultural influence on West Asia, Africa and Europe, specifically on the core mythologies of the Ancient Near East and the Bible’, paper, joint conference ‘The Deep History of Stories’, organised by The International Association for Comparative Mythology and The Traditional Cosmology Society, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, 28-30 August 2007, revised version, 11 September 2007 DRAFT BIBLIOGRAPHY Aarne, Antti, and Stith Thompson, 1961, The Types of the Folktale: A Classification and Bibliography. FF Communications, no. 184. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1961. Alpers, E.A., 1984, ‘ ‘‘Ordinary household chores’’: Ritual and power in a 19th-century Swahili women’s spirit possession cult’, International Journal of African Historical Studies, 17, 4: 677-702. Ammerman, A., and L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, 1979, ‘The Wave of Advance Model for the Spread of Agriculture in Europe’, In: Renfrew, C., & K.L. Cooke, eds., Transformations: Mathematical Approaches to Culture Change, pp. 270-93, New York: Academic Press. Ammerman, A., and L. L. Cavalli-Sforza. 1973. "A Population Model for the Diffusion of Early Farming in Europe." In: C. Renfrew, ed., The Explanation of Culture Change, epp. 343-57. London: Duckworth. Amselle, J.-L., 2001, Branchements: Anthropologie de l’universalité des cultures, Paris: Flammarion Anati, E., 1999, La religion des origines, Paris: Bayard; French tr. of La religione delle origini, n.p.: Edizione delle origini, 1995. Arsuaga, Juan Luis, 2004, Het halssnoer van de Neanderthaler: Op zoek naar de eerste denkers, Amsterdam: Wereldbibliotheek, Dutch tr. of: El collar del neandertal, 1999 Barbujani, G., A. -
Fombandrazana Vezo: Ethnic Identity and Subsistence
FOMBANDRAZANA VEZO: ETHNIC IDENTITY AND SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES AMONG COASTAL FISHERS OF WESTERN MADAGASCAR by EARL FURMAN SANDERS (Under the Direction of THEODORE GRAGSON) ABSTRACT The complex dynamic among coastal peoples of western Madagascar involves spread of cultural elements due to extensive seasonal migrations, tribes and ethnic groups merging into progressively broader ethnic groups, distinctions based on interethnic and intra-ethnic boundaries, and lumping of peoples with remotely similar subsistence patterns which has perpetuated ethnonym vagaries. This study analyzes the cultural bases of the Vezo, a group of marine fishers inhabiting the west coast of Madagascar, with the intent of presenting a clearer image of what is entailed within the ethnonym, Vezo, both with respect to subsistence strategies and cultural identity. Three broad areas of inquiry, ethnohistory, ecological niche as understood from the Eltonian definition, and geographical scope inform the field research. Access to these areas leans heavily on oral histories, which in turn is greatly facilitated by intensive participant observation and work in the native language. The analysis shows that the Vezo constitute a distinct ethnic group composed of diverse named patrilineal descent groups. This ethnic group is defined by common origins and a shared sense of common history, which along with the origins of the taboos are maintained within their oral histories. Within the ethnonym, Vezo, there are subsistence as well as other cultural distinctions, most notably the taboos. These distinctions are the bases of the ethnic boundaries separating those who belong to the Vezo cultural group and others who are referred to as Vezo (Vezom-potake and Vezo-loatse) due to geographical disposition. -
Faces of Eros in Traditional Musical Cultures
BOŻENA MUSZKALSKA (Poznań, Wrocław) Faces of Eros in Traditional Musical Cultures The notion of erotics in traditional musical cultures has yet to be properly addressed by ethnomusicologists. It has been examined only as a subject of monographic works on regional musical traditions, in ethnographic and linguistic studies focussing primarily on the verbal layer of some sung texts, and in instrumentological works. The situation changed slightly when ethnomusicologists began to examine the topic of ‘music and sex’ and became interested in the relations among social ideology, ways of thinking about mu sic and musical activity in the cultures of the world. Sex is conceived here as a cultural category and has more in common with the social roles that males and females play in a population than with biological characteristics. In con sidering these phenomena, researchers focussed mainly on females. Accord ing to many sources, defining the social status of a woman in a given society is essential to research into the erotic aspect of the given culture.1 Erotics may be understood in various ways. Some authors see it as be ing connected solely with the quenching of biological needs. Others main tain that homo eroticus is a man who experiences sexual excitement in di verse forms but does not necessarily end up having sex. He gives his life an exciting quality in order to constantly fuel the lust of his senses. There is agreement that music simultaneously affects the mind, the body and the emotions and is an exquisite medium for erotics. It generally accompanies the behaviours driven by basic instinct and can also serve to reinforce the erotic sense of behaviours aimed at the fulfilment of higher values.