DOCSLIB.ORG

Assessment of Advanced Technologies for Reweving.' Urban Traffic Congestion

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Assessment of Advanced Technologies for Reweving.' Urban Traffic Congestion NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PRO.GRAM REPORT ASSESSMENT OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR REWEVING.' URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1991 OFFICERS Chairman: C. Michael Walton, Bess Harris Jones Centennial Professor and Chairman, College ofEngineering, The University of Texas at Austin Vice Chairman: William W. Millar, Executive Director, Port Authority ofAllegheny County Executive Director: Thomas B. Deen, Transportation Research Board MEMBERS JAMES B. BUSEY IV, Federal Aviation Administrator, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) GILBERT E. CARMICHAEL, Federal Railroad Administrator, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) BRIAN W. CLYMER, Urban Mass-Transportation Administrator, US Department of Transportation (ex officio) JERRY R. CURRY, National Highway Traffic Safety Administrator, US. Department of Transportation (ex officio) -TRAVIS P. DUNGAN, Research & Special Programs Administrator, US. Department of Transportation (ex officio) FRANCIS B. FRANCOIS, Executive Director, American Association qJ*Stale Highway and Transportation Qfjrcials (ex officio) JOHN GRAY, President, National Asphalt Pavement Association (ex officio) THOMAS H. HANNA, President and ChiefExecutive Officer, Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association of the United States, Inc (ex officio) HENRY J. HATCH, ChiefofEngineers and Commander, US. Army Corps ofEngineers (ex officio) THOMAS D. LARSON, Federal Highway Administrator,' US. Department of Transportation (ex officio) GEORGE H. WAY, JR., Vice Presidentfor Research and Test Departments, Association ofAmerican Railroads(ex officio) ROBERT J. AARONSON, President, Air Transport. Association ofAmerica JAMES M. BEGGS, Chairman, Soacehab, Inc. J. RON BRINSON, President and Chief Executive Officer, Board of Commissioners of The Port of New Orleans L. GARY BYRD, Consulting Engineer, Alexandria, Virginia A. RAY CHAMBER-LAIN, Executive Director, Colorado Department ofHighways L. STANLEY CRARE-, Chairman of the Board & CEO of CONRAIL (retired) JAMES C. DELONG, Director ofAviation, Philadelphia International Airport RANDY-a0l, Director, I IVRS Systems, Motorola Incorporated EARL DOVE; President, Earl Dove dmpatly 'LOUIS J. GAMBAC61NI, General Manager, Soulheastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (Past Chairman 1989) THOMA9.J. HARRELSON, Secretary, North CarolinaDepartment* of Transportation KERMIT H. JUSTICE,-Secretary of Transportation, State qfDelaware LESTER P. LAMM, President, Highway Users F~deralion ADOLF D. MAY, JR., Professor and Vice Chairman, Univerifty of California Institute of Transportation Studies, Berkeley DENMAN K. McNEAR, Vice Chairman, Rio Grande Industries WAYNE MURI, ChiefEngineer, Missouri Highway & Transportation Department(Past Chairman, 1990) ARNOLD W. OLIVER, Engineer-Director, Texas State Department ofHighways and Public Transportation JOHN H. RILEY, Commissioner of Transportation, Minnesota Department of Transportation DELLA M. ROY, Professor ofMaterials Science, Pennsylvania State University JOSEPH M. SUSSMAN, Director, Center for Transportation Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology JOHN R. TABB; Director, ChiefAdministrative Officer, Mississippi State Highway Department FRANKLIN E. WHITE, Commissioner, New York State Department of Transportation JULIAN WOLPERT, Henry G. Bryant Professor of Geography, Public Affairs and Urban Planning Woodrow Wilson School ofPublic and International Affairs, Pririceton University NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM Transportation Research Board Executive Committee Subcommittee for NCHRP C. MICHAEL WALTON, University of Texas at Austin (Chairman) FRANCIS B. FRANCOIS, American Association ofState Highway and WAYNE MURI, Missouri Highway & Transportation Department Transportation Officials WILLIAM W. MILLAR, Port Authority ofAllegheny County THOMAS D. LARSON, US. Department of Transportation L. GARY BYRD, Consulting Engineer THOMAS B. DEEN, Transportation Research Board Field of Triffic Area of Operations and Traffic Contro-1 Project Panel G3-38(l) J. R. DOUGHTY, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (Chairman) SARAH J. LABELLE, Chicago Transit Authority WAYNE BERMAN, Federal Highway Administration RICHARD W. ROTHERY, University of Texas DANIEL BRAND, Charles River Associates, Inc. JOHN VOSTREZ, CALTRANS THOMAS W. BRAHMS, Institute of Tran sportation Engineers LYLE SAXTON, FHWA Liaison Representative DAN S. BRAME, Kimley-Harn and Associates, Inc. RONALD J. FISHER, VMTA Liaison Representative LOUIS F. COHN, University ofLouisville E. RYERSON CASE, Canadian Representative, Ontario Ministry of Transportation JOHN N. HUMMEL, Dewberry and Davis RICHARD A. CUNARD, TRB Liaison Representative Program Staff ROBERT J. REILLY, Director, Cooperative Research Programs CRAWFORD F. JENCKS, Senior Program Officer LOUIS M. MAcGREGOR, Program Officer KENNETH S. OPIELA, Senior Program Officer DANIEL W. DEARASAUGH, JR., Senior Program Officer DAN A. ROSEN, Senior Program Officer IAN M. FRIEDLAND, Senior Program Officer HELEN MACK, Editor NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRA REPORM 340 ASSESSMENT OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR RELIEVING URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION P. DAVIES, N. AYLAND, C. HILL Castle Rock Consultants Leesburg, Virginia S. RUTHERFORD, M. HALLENBECK, C. ULBERG Washington State Transportation Center Seattle, Washington RESEARCH 'SPONSORED BY THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS IN COOPERATION WITH THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION AREAS OF INTEREST Human Factors Vehicle Characteristics Operations and Traffic Control (Highway Transportation, Public Transit) TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D. C. DECEMBER 1991 NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH NCHRP REPORT 340 PROGRAM Systematic, well-designed research provides the most effective Project 3-38(l) FY '87 approach to the solution of many problems facing highway ISSN 0077-5614 administrators and engineers. Often, highway problems are of local interest and can best be studied by highway depart- ISBN 0-309-04863-X ments individually or in cooperation with their state universi- L. C. Catalog Card No. 91-65297 ties and others. However, the accelerating growth of highway transportation develops increasingly complex problems of Price $11.00 wide interest to highway authorities. These problems are best studied through a coordinated program of cooperative re- search.- In recognition of these needs, the highway administrators of the American Association of State Highway and Transporta- NOTICE tion Officials initiated in 1962 an objective national highway The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the National Cooperative research program employing modem scientific techniques. Highway Research Program conducted by the Transportation Research Board This program is supported on a continuing basis by funds with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Council. Such approval reflects the Governing Board's judgment that the program concerned is from participating member states of the Association and it of national importance and appropriate with respect to both the purposes and receives the full cooperation and support of the Federal resources of the National Research Council. Highway Administration, United States Department of The members of the technical committee selected to monitor this project and to Transportation. review this report were chosen for recognized ~cholarly competence and with due consideration for the balance of disciplines appropriate to the project. The opinions The Transportation Research Board of the National Re- and conclusions expressed or implied are those of the research agency that per- search Council was requested by the Association to adminis- formed the research, and, while they have been accepted as appropriate by the technical committee, they are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research ter the research program because of the Board's recognized Board, the National Research Council, the American Association ofState Highway objectivity and understanding of modem research practices. and Transportation officials, or the Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Depart- The Board is uniquely suited for this purpose as: it maintains ment of Transportation. an extensive committee structure from which authorities on Each report is reviewed and accepted for publication by the technical committee any highway transportation subject may be drawn; it pos- according to procedures established and monitored by the Transportation Research Board Executive Committee-and the Governing Board of the National Research sesses avenues of communications and cooperation with fed- Council. eral, state and local governmental agencies, universities, and industry; its relationship to the National Research Council is an insurance of objectivity; it maintains a full-time research Special Notice correlation staff of specialists in highway transportation mat- te,rs to bring the findings of research directly to those who The Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, the Federal Highway Administration, the American Association of State Highway and Trans- are in a position to use them. portation Officials, and the individual states participating in the National Coopera- tive Highway Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade The program is developed on the basis of research needs or manufacturers names appear herein solely because
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Synthesis of Txdot Uses of Real-Time Commercial Traffic Data
    Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA/TX-12/0-6659-1 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date SYNTHESIS OF TXDOT USES OF REAL-TIME September 2011 COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC DATA Published: January 2012 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Dan Middleton, Rajat Rajbhandari, Robert Brydia, Praprut Report 0-6659-1 Songchitruksa, Edgar Kraus, Salvador Hernandez, Kelvin Cheu, Vichika Iragavarapu, and Shawn Turner 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System 11. Contract or Grant No. College Station, Texas 77843-3135 Project 0-6659 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Technical Report: Research and Technology Implementation Office September 2010–August 2011 P. O. Box 5080 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Austin, Texas 78763-5080 15. Supplementary Notes Project performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Project Title: Synthesis of TxDOT Uses of Real-Time Commercial Traffic Routing Data URL: http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6659-1.pdf 16. Abstract Traditionally, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) and its districts have collected traffic operations data through a system of fixed-location traffic sensors, supplemented with probe vehicles using transponders where such tags are already being used primarily for tolling purposes and where their numbers are sufficient. In recent years, private providers of traffic data have entered the scene, offering traveler information such as speeds, travel time, delay, and incident information.
    [Show full text]
  • Another Death Takes Sikkim's COVID Toll to 79
    KATE MIDDLETON AND GABRIELLA BROOKS AND GHANA’S POLITICS HAS STRONG LIAM HEMSWORTH COZY UP PRINCE WILLIAM TAKE PART TIES WITH PERFORMING ARTS. IN SOCIALLY DISTANCED AS THEY CELEBRATE LUKE THIS IS HOW IT STARTED HEMSWORTH'S BIRTHDAY REMEMBRANCE SUNDAY EVENT 04 pg 08 pg 08 Vol 05 | Issue 294 | Gangtok | Tuesday | 10 November 2020 RNI No. SIKENG/2016/69420 Pages 8 | ` 5 SDF MOURNS SANCHAMAN LIMBOO’S PASSING AWAY Chamling remembers Sanchaman Another death takes Limboo as “vocal, bold and truthful” SUMMIT REPORT tant portfolios in Health former Chief Minister but Gangtok, 09 Nov: and Education as a cabi- also of a great human be- ikkim Democratic net minister,” Mr Cham- ing. On a personal level, Sikkim’s COVID toll to 79 SFront party president, ling writes. I feel the loss as if it was SUMMIT REPORT Chief Minister Pawan Mr Chamling high- my own family member,” Gangtok, 09 Nov: Chamling, has condoled lights that the late Mr ikkim recorded one the demise of Sancha- Limboo was a “vocal, The Sikkim Demo- Smore COVID-19 relat- man Limboo, the fourth bold, truthful and ex- craticMr Chamling Front alsoconfides. held a ed death with the pass- Chief Minister of Sikkim. tremely sincere politi- condolence meeting on ing away of an 80-year- Mr Limboo was also a se- cian who had no guile or Monday in the memory old woman from Chiso- nior member of the SDF malice.” of former Chief Minister, pani in South District on and has served as Deputy “He spoke for causes Sanchaman Limboo, here Sunday.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Annual Report
    A Message From Our CEO Dear Friends, up driving parents to exercise their voices. And there’s Erin Einhorn’s series, produced in partnership with Bridge Magazine, about a single I’m so proud of what Chalkbeat accomplished in 2018. middle-school classroom in Detroit that typifies the consequences of the city’s incredibly high student mobility rate (in that single class of 31 We told more and better stories in our communities, and in more students, the group had attended 128 schools among them by the time communities. (Hello, Newark and Chicago!) they reached eighth grade). We launched our first-ever listening tour, working with community And I’ve only named only a few. groups that are often disenfranchised to ask the question, What’s missing from your city’s education story? While we’re proud of what we’ve accomplished, we also know our work is far from complete. There are still too many public meetings We created our first-ever membership program, giving our readers new we can’t attend, too many communities without any education press, ways to help build our community and to engage with our reporting. and too many stories left untold. We have made our business model stronger every year, but we still have more work to do to guarantee our We continued to add “boots on the ground” reporters as other local sustainability long into the future. newsrooms suffered devastating cuts. Our 34-person newsroom produced 2,412 original stories in 2018. And yet 2018 tells us that we are moving in the right direction.
    [Show full text]
  • KANSAS MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT REPORT CODING MANUAL May 2014 Version 1.0
    KANSAS MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT REPORT CODING MANUAL May 2014 Version 1.0 RESOURCES: • Email [email protected] • Twitter Follow us on https://twitter.com/#!/KDOTCrashInfo • Facebook Friend Kdot CrashInfo at www.facebook.com • Phone 785.296.0456, 785.296.7789, 785.296.5169 • Addresses See page 3 • Stats/Ordering http://www.ksdot.org/lawinfo/ • Maps http://ksdot.maps.arcgis.com (Groups Law Enforcement) Significant Coding Manual Changes Since Version 2012, 1.0 Adjustments ♦ Modified KDOT Address and web link – Page 3 ♦ New road name options for unnamed trafficways – Page 7 & 15 o Example 23 ♦ Correction concerning parked emergency vehicles – Page 9 ♦ Clarification on “working vehicle” coding – Page 10 ♦ Added web links for Mile Marker and Access Control maps – Pages 14 & 17 ♦ Replaced example for Accident Location 12, 13, and 14 – Page 23 ♦ Enhancement to Latitude/Longitude wording – Page 19 ♦ Correction to Special Event coding instructions – Page 36 ♦ Clarification on co-owners of vehicles – Page 55 ♦ Clarification on Expiration Year – Page 55 ♦ Reminder concerning Vehicle Damage – Page 59 ♦ Clarification on Vehicle Sequence of Events coding – Page 60 ♦ Changed the examples to reflect the back of the 852 form – Page 62 ♦ Removed an incorrect legally parked vehicle exclusion – Page 40 ♦ Correction to Unusual Coding Situation: Cargo/debris – Page 93 ♦ Added Work Zone Category to the definitions section – Page 81 ♦ Report Examples: reviewed all for clarity, coding, correction – Page 96 ♦ Example 5: Added an illegally parked vehicle ♦ Example 23: New Parking Lot coding scenarios ♦ Quick Reference Check List – Outside Back Cover Note: There are a few other minor wording adjustments not listed above.
    [Show full text]
  • Incident Management
    Prepared for Trucking Research Institute ATA Foundation, Inc. October 1990 Final Report Incident Management Prepared by Cambridge Systematics, Inc. in association with JHK & Associates Transmode Consultants, Inc. Sydec, Inc. Incident Management Prepared by Cambridge Systematics, Inc. in association with JHK & Associates Transmode Consultants, Inc. Sydec, Inc. © 1990 Trucking Research Institute Price: $25.00 Contents Page Summary. ............................. ix Chapter 1:Introduction. 1 Chapter 2: Incident Management: An Overview. 7 Chapter 3: Case Studies Introduction. 19 Chicago. 21 Los Angeles. ................................ 28 Fort Worth. 39 Minneapolis............................................................................................. 44 New York/New Jersey (TRANSCOM) .............................................. 52 Chapter 4: Findings and Conclusions . 59 Chapter 5:Recommendations. 65 References. 71 Appendix A Chicago Benefit-Cost Analysis Appendix B Maryland Quick Clearance Policy Cambridge Systematics, Inc. List of Exhibits Page Exhibit 1: Vehicle-Miles of Travel, Total Capital and Maintenance Spending for Highways, Streets, Roads and Bridges. 3 Exhibit 2: Composite Profile of Reported Incidents by Type 8 Exhibit 3: Schematic of Traffic Flow During an Incident 10 Exhibit 4: Incident Management Programs. ................................ 12 Cambridge Systematics, Inc. Acknowledgments This study was performed for the Trucking Research Institute by Cambridge Systematics, Inc. in association with JHK & Associates, Transmode
    [Show full text]
  • Human Factors As Causes for Road Traffic Accidents in the Sultanate of Oman Under Consideration of Road Construction Designs
    Human Factors as Causes for Road Traffic Accidents in the Sultanate of Oman under Consideration of Road Construction Designs Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. phil.) der philosophischen Fakultät II (Psychologie, Pädagogik und Sportwissenschaft) der Universität Regensburg Vorgelegt von Kai Plankermann Burglengenfeld 2013 Erster Gutachter: Prof. Dr. phil. Dr. h.c. Alf Zimmer Engineering Psychology Unit, University of Regensburg Zweiter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mark W. Greenlee Institute of experimental Psychology, University of Regensburg 1 Acknowledgement I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Professor Alf Zimmer for accepting me as his PhD student and for providing me with his continuous support. I would also like to thank Dr. Abdullah Al-Maniri who supported me throughout the data collection in Oman. Also, I owe my gratitude to Aisha Al-Belushia who conducted the interviews at Ibra Hospital. Finally, I would like to thank the following persons for contributing to this thesis in one way or another and apologize to those I forgot to mention. The Engineers Altayeb Al-Harthi, Muhammad Al-Hosny (both Muscat Municipality) and Saleh Al- Shukaili (Directorate General for Road and Land Transportation) for providing the road data; the Drs. Muhamad Zaheerudeen (Khoula Hospital), Salem Al-Abri (Nizwa Hospital) and Ali Al-Dawi (Ibra Hospital) for facilitating the data collection at the hospitals; the Engineers Jochen Zimmermann (IJK Associates), Jens Aalund, Klaus Andersen (both COWI) and Jürgen Piel (STRABAG) for fruitful discussions about road safety in Oman; Muhamad Al-Aamri, Mahmud Al-Khatri, Yousuf Al-Rawahi and Mazin Al-Wahibi for helping me during the data collection; Chantal Blake and Amanda Amarotico for proofreading first drafts of this thesis; Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • A Market Analysis of the Commercial Traffic Information Business
    U.S Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration A Market Analysis of the Commercial Traffic Information Business March 1994 Prepared by: Jane E. Lappin, EG&G Dynatrend Suzanne M. Sloan, EG&G Dynatrend Robert F. Church, Volpe Center Economic Analysis Division John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Cambridge, Massachusetts Prepared for: Office of Policy Development Federal Highway Administration Washington, D.C. The following is one of a series of papers developed or produced by the Economic Analysis Division of the John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center as part of its research project looking into issues surrounding user response and market development for selected Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS) products or services. The project, sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration’s Office of Policy Development, was one part of FHWA’s 1992 Institutional Issues Program entitled --“Public Acceptance and Markets for Various Consumer IVHS Services”. John O’Donnell of the Volpe Center and James March of FHWA served as Project Managers for their organizations. The objective of the Volpe Center project was to better understand factors affecting the development and deployment of selected advanced traveler information products and services (ATIS). The Center addressed the objective by examining the development of markets for selected ATIS-related products and services and reviewing factors affecting the public acceptance and user response to existing traffic information services.
    [Show full text]
  • Readers' Perception of Computer-Generated News
    JOU0010.1177/1464884916641269JournalismGraefe et al. 641269research-article2016 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Universität München: Elektronischen Publikationen Article Journalism 2018, Vol. 19(5) 595 –610 Readers’ perception of © The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permissions: computer-generated news: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916641269DOI: 10.1177/1464884916641269 Credibility, expertise, and journals.sagepub.com/home/jou readability Andreas Graefe Columbia University, USA; LMU Munich, Germany; Macromedia University, Germany Mario Haim LMU Munich, Germany Bastian Haarmann Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics, Germany Hans-Bernd Brosius LMU Munich, Germany Abstract We conducted an online experiment to study people’s perception of automated computer-written news. Using a 2 × 2 × 2 design, we varied the article topic (sports, finance; within-subjects) and both the articles’ actual and declared source (human- written, computer-written; between-subjects). Nine hundred eighty-six subjects rated two articles on credibility, readability, and journalistic expertise. Varying the declared source had small but consistent effects: subjects rated articles declared as human written always more favorably, regardless of the actual source. Varying the actual source had larger effects: subjects rated computer-written articles as more credible and higher in journalistic expertise but less readable. Across topics, subjects’ perceptions did not differ. The results provide conservative estimates for the favorability of computer- written news, which will further increase over time and endorse prior calls for establishing ethics of computer-written news. Corresponding author: Andreas Graefe, Department of Communication Studies and Media Research, LMU Munich, Oettingenstraße 67, 80538 München, Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Underneath the Autocrats South East Asia Media Freedom Report 2018
    UNDERNEATH THE AUTOCRATS SOUTH EAST ASIA MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT 2018 A REPORT INTO IMPUNITY, JOURNALIST SAFETY AND WORKING CONDITIONS 2 3 IFJ SOUTH EAST ASIA MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT IFJ SOUTH EAST ASIA MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT IFJ-SEAJU SOUTH EAST ASIA MEDIA SPECIAL THANKS TO: EDITOR: Paul Ruffini FREEDOM REPORT Ratna Ariyanti Ye Min Oo December 2018 Jose Belo Chiranuch Premchaiporn DESIGNED BY: LX9 Design Oki Raimundos Mark Davis This document has been produced by the International Jason Sanjeev Inday Espina-Varona Federation of Journalists (IFJ) on behalf of the South East Asia Um Sarin IMAGES: With special thanks Nonoy Espina Journalist Unions (SEAJU) Latt Latt Soe to Agence France-Presse for the Alexandra Hearne Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) Sumeth Somankae use of images throughout the Cambodia Association for Protection of Journalists (CAPJ) Luke Hunt Eih Eih Tin report. Additional photographs are Myanmar Journalists Association (MJA) Chorrng Longheng Jane Worthington contributed by IFJ affiliates and also National Union of Journalist of the Philippines (NUJP) Farah Marshita Thanida Tansubhapoi accessed under a Creative Commons National Union of Journalists, Peninsular Malaysia (NUJM) Alycia McCarthy Phil Thornton Attribution Non-Commercial Licence National Union of Journalists, Thailand (NUJT) U Kyaw Swar Min Steve Tickner and are acknowledged as such Timor Leste Press Union (TLPU) Myo Myo through this report. 2 3 CONTENTS IFJ SOUTH EAST ASIA MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT 2018 IMPUNITY, JOURNALIST SAFETY AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN SOUTH EAST ASIA
    [Show full text]
  • Part 2: Traffic Control Devices for General
    Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices Part 2 Traffic Control Devices for General Use 2003 Edition First Issue 1st August, 2003 Second Issue 25th May, 2009 Third Issue 1st August, 2011 Fourth Issue 2nd April 2012 Fifth Issue 18th November, 2013 Sixth Issue 14th March, 2014 Seventh Issue 31st July, 2018 2-2 7/2018 (Blank) 7/2018 2-3 PREFACE Part 2 is based on AS 1742.2 – Traffic Control Devices for General Use. This Part deals with traffic control devices for general use and is applicable to all roads other than freeways. It has been divided into two main sections, one dealing with controls at intersections and the other with controls between intersections. The latter section being further divided by relating the devices to specific traffic situations and problem areas between intersections. Version History: 2003 Edition First Issue 1st August, 2003 Second Issue 25th May, 2009 Third Issue 1st August, 2011 Fourth Issue 2nd April, 2012 Fifth Issue 18th November, 2013 Sixth Issue 14th March, 2014 Seventh Issue 31st July, 2018 2-4 7/2018 (Blank) 7/2018 2-5 CONTENTS SECTION 1. SCOPE AND INTRODUCTION...................................................................................2-7 1.1 SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................2-7 1.2 APPLICATION ............................................................................................................................2-7 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................................2-7
    [Show full text]
  • ONLINE HARASSMENT of JOURNALISTS Attack of the Trolls
    ONLINE HARASSMENT OF JOURNALISTS Attack of the trolls 1 SOMMAIREI Introduction 3 1. Online harassment, a disinformation strategy 5 Mexico: “troll gangs” seize control of the news 5 In India, Narendra Modi’s “yoddhas” attack journalists online 6 Targeting investigative reporters and women 7 Censorship, self-censorship, disconnecting and exile 10 2. Hate amplified by the Internet’s virality 13 Censorship bots like “synchronized censorship” 13 Troll behaviour facilitated by filter bubbles 14 3. Harassment in full force 19 Crowd psychology 3.0: “Anyone can be a troll” 19 Companies behind the attacks 20 Terrorist groups conducting online harassment 20 The World Press Freedom Index’s best-ranked countries hit by online harassment 20 Journalists: victims of social network polarization 21 4. Troll armies: threats and propaganda 22 Russia: troll factory web brigades 22 China: “little pink thumbs,” the new Red Guards 24 Turkey: “AK trolls” continue the purge online 25 Algeria: online mercenaries dominate popular Facebook pages 26 Iran: the Islamic Republic’s virtual militias 27 Egypt: “Sisified” media attack online journalists 28 Vietnam: 10,000 “cyber-inspectors” to hunt down dissidents 28 Thailand: jobs for students as government “cyber scouts” 29 Sub-Saharan Africa: persecution moves online 29 5. RSF’s 25 recommendations 30 Tutorial 33 Glossary 35 NINTRODUCTIONN In a new report entitled “Online harassment of journalists: the trolls attack,” Reporters Without Borders (RSF) sheds light on the latest danger for journalists – threats and insults on social networks that are designed to intimidate them into silence. The sources of these threats and insults may be ordinary “trolls” (individuals or communities of individuals hiding behind their screens) or armies of online mercenaries.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Annual Report TABLE of CONTENTS Table of Contents
    2019 Annual Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Letter from the CEO 5 Impact 6 Year in Review 16 By the Numbers 20 Testimonials 22 Support Us 23 2 CHALKBEAT 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 3 LETTER FROM THE CEO A message from our CEO Elizabeth Green Chalkbeat Co-founder and CEO Dear Friends, In 2019, we covered major breaking support. Over the past six years, news, from teacher strikes to school 1,300 donors, 1 million readers, and closures; published important 200+ sponsors have come together investigations that led to major with our team to create the thoughtful policy shifts; and lifted up the voices journalism public education of students, parents, and educators deserves. across the country. Thank you for supporting us We also paved the way for the throughout our journey. Thank you organization we plan to become and for your feedback, story ideas, and announced Chalkbeat 2025, our five- petitions to come to your city. And year strategic plan to extrapolate thank you to our team, who works our successful model from seven tirelessly and shares with me a bureaus to 18 over the next five common mission to provide local- years. We will expand our breadth first coverage on one of our society’s of coverage to include stories from most critical issues. parts of our nation well beyond our initial bureaus. We will serve more Together, we can create the new local communities and integrate civic infrastructure our democracy their powerful stories into the deserves: independent, local-first larger, national story of how public coverage about public education that education is transforming across the we can all rely on for generations to country.
    [Show full text]