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A record of gynandromorphism in the libellulid Crocothemis servilia (Insecta: ) from India

R.V. Renjith & A. Vivek Chandran

26 June 2020 | Vol. 12 | No. 9 | Pages: 16183–16186 DOI: 10.11609/jot.5322.12.9.16183-16186

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Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2020 | 12(9): 16183–16186 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5322.12.9.16183-16186

#5322 | Received 10 August 2019 | Final received 05 May 2020 | Finally accepted 12 May 2020

N o t A record of gynandromorphism in the libellulid dragonfy e Crocothemis servilia (Insecta: Odonata) from India

R.V. Renjith 1 & A. Vivek Chandran 2

1 Sreekailasam House, Palappuram P.O., Otapalam, Palakkad, Kerala 679103, India. 2 Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala 680125, India. 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author)

Gynandromorphs are genetcally and phenotypically behavioural analyses. In , chimeric specimens and difer from for instance, gynandromorphs were used to provide which are genetcally uniform (Narita et al. 2010). evidence that male courtship behaviour originates in the Gynandromorphism can be bilateral, appearing to divide brain (Hota & Benzer 1972). down the middle into male and sides, or they Gynandromorphism is rare in odonates (Corbet 1962) may be a , with patches characteristc of one and so far has been reported from 30 individuals belonging appearing in a body part characteristc of the other sex. to seven families: Calopterygidae, Coenagrionidae, Gynandromorphism is a rare phenomenon in nature and Aeshnidae, Gomphi­dae, Cordulegastridae, Corduliidae, is usually detected in species that show distnct sexual and (Tennessen 2008; Torralba-Burrial dimorphism. It is known to occur in diferent & Ocharan 2009; Pix 2011; Futahashi 2017). There taxa such as Crustacea (Farmer 2004), Arachnida, e.g., are other forms of colour variaton seen in odonates. scorpions (Cokendolpher & Sissom 1988), Andromorphic are common in many odonate (Palmgren 1979), tcks (Labruna et al. 2002), and families. They have normal female reproductve Insecta, e.g., stonefies (Klotzek 1971), hymenopterans organs and are fertle (Robertson 1985; Andrew 2013). (Gjershaug et al. 2016), beetles (Le Gall 2006), buterfies Immature male imagoes of many Anisoptera resemble (Nielsen 2010), dipterans such as mosquitoes (Kronefeld females in colouraton, but can be distnguished by the et al. 2013) and fruit fies (Morgan & Bridges 1919). In male reproductve structures. Gynandromorphism, vertebrates it has been detected in reptles (Krohmer on the contrary, is believed to be a genetc aberraton 1989), (Peer & Motz 2014), and mammals caused by abnormal in the embryo leading to (Hollander et al. 1956). Gynandromorphs occasionally unequal distributon of sex (May 1988). aford a powerful tool in genetc, developmental, and As a result, the developed individual has both male and

Editor: Raymond J. Andrew, Hislop College, Nagpur, India. Date of publicaton: 26 June 2020 (online & print)

Citaton: Renjith, R.V. & A.V. Chandran (2020). A record of gynandromorphism in the libellulid dragonfy Crocothemis servilia (Insecta: Odonata) from India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(9): 16183–16186. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5322.12.9.16183-16186

Copyright: © Renjith & Chandran 2020. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton.

Funding: None.

Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests.

Acknowledgements: We thank Jeevan Jose and Noppadon Makbun for helping us confrm the conditon as gynandromorphism. We are grateful to the Society for Odonate Studies, Kerala for the constant support and encouragement. We are thankful to the organisers and partcipants of Kole Odonata Survey 2019.

16183 J TT Gynandromorphism in Crocothemis servilia Renjith & Chandran

Image 1. Survey locaton from where Crocothemis servilia gynandromorph was recorded.

female tssues and mixed morphological characteristcs. as it started raining and the individual moved into The Kole wetlands are low-lying areas that remain the deep marshes. Subsequent eforts to collect the submerged under foodwater for about six months specimen failed because of heavy rains that contnued of a year. Wetland agriculture, mainly paddy (rice) for the next few days, submerging the locaton. The cultvaton is the most important actvity undertaken species was initally identfed using the feld guide by there. They cover an area of 13,632ha and are spread Kiran & Raju (2013) and confrmed by referring to Fraser across Thrissur and Malappuram districts of Kerala (1936). (Johnkuty & Venugopal 1993). Kole has been a Ramsar The photographed individual showed bilateral site since 2002, an important area since 2004 (Islam gynandromorphism of only the thorax, half of which & Rahmani 2008), and a high value biodiversity area showed blood red colouraton as in males and the other since 2009 (MoEF 2009). In a survey conducted at Kole half pale yellow characteristc of females. The base of wetlands on 14 July 2019 (Image 1), jointly by Kerala the wing of the red half was marked with rich amber, Agricultural University, Kole Birders, Society for Odonate in contrast with the other wing base which was paler. Studies, and Kerala Forest Department, 33 species of The head, legs and abdomen showed typical female odonates were recorded. morphology. Status of the anal appendages could not Crocothemis servilia, is a common dragonfy be asserted from the photograph (Image 4). Since the associated with marshes, ponds, rivers and tanks. It is female characters dominated, this cannot be considered widely distributed in the Oriental and Australian region a “balanced” gynandromorphy. The individual exhibited (Subramanian 2009). The male has prominent blood red a genetc mosaic conditon only in the thoracic region. colouraton in almost all body parts including the head, May (1988) reported gynandromorphism in two thorax, abdomen and legs. The wings are transparent species of family Corduliidae, namely Somatochlora with the base marked with rich amber (Image 2). The flosa and Somatochlora provocans from the United female is pale yellow with dark brown thorax and legs States of America. The specimens he examined had (Image 3). mixtures of male and female external characters At Puzhakkal region of the Kole wetlands (10.5400N ranging from almost entrely female to about equally & 76.1720E), an individual of Crocothemis servilia that divided. They were symmetrical in development with looked part male and part female was photographed normally dimorphic structures mostly having characters during the survey. The specimen could not be collected intermediate between the typical male and female

16184 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2020 | 12(9): 16183–16186 J TT Gynandromorphism in Crocothemis servilia Renjith & Chandran

© A. Vivek Chandran © A. Vivek Chandran Image 2. Crocothemis servilia adult male. Image 3. Crocothemis servilia adult female. conditons, partcularly notceable in the development of from Bangladesh (Shome et al. 2019), in which the the genital lobes, cerci, and metathoracic legs. Torralba- specimen’s head and thorax, including wings were Burrial & Ocharan (2009) reported gynandromorphism bilaterally gynandromorphic. The abdomen was in the libellulid Sympetrum striolatum from Spain. One androchromic but had female appendages at the of the two specimens they examined was a bilateral tp. In India, gynandromorphism was reported in gynandromorph which looked like a female in general Neurothemis tullia (Family: Libellulidae) and Heliocypha appearance but had male structures in the right side bisignata (Family: Chlorocyphidae) (Emiliyamma 2009), of the abdomen. Their second specimen resembled a but photographs or illustratons were unavailable for male in general appearance, but had a female gonopore. confrmaton or comparison. According to Siva-Jothy Mosaic gynandromorphy in Ischnura senegalensis (1987), gynandromorphs have been reported to fail in (Family: Coenagrionidae) and Crocothemis servilia matng because of aberrant sex organs but in the present (Family: Libellulidae) was reported by Futasahi from individual the abdomen is typically female and since Japan (2017). In South Asia, gynandromorphy was the internal and external female reproductve organs/ reported in Neurothemis tullia (Family: Libellulidae) genitalia are abdominal, this individual could be a fertle

Image 4. Crocothemis © R.V. Renjith servilia gynandromorph.

Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2020 | 12(9): 16183–16186 16185 J TT Gynandromorphism in Crocothemis servilia Renjith & Chandran

female. May (1988) afer observing eggs on the vulvar Krohmer, R.W. (1989). Reproductve physiology and behaviour of laminae of three Somatochlora flosa gynandromophic a gynandromorph red sided garter , Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis, from central Manitoba, Canada. Copeia 1989: 1064–1068. individuals proposed that they were functonally female. Kronefeld, M., F. Schafner, H. Kampen & D. Werner (2013). Gynandromorphism is a multfactorial issue caused by Gynandromorphism and intersexualism in Culicidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha: Culicoidea): descripton of fve individual cases and diferent genetc factors which are well documented literature review. Studia Dipterological 20: 239–259. (Narita et al. 2010), but further research has to be Labruna M.B., A.F. Ribeiro, M.V. Cruz, L.M. Camargo & E.P. Camargo undertaken to investgate the infuence of environmental (2002). Gynandromorphism in Amblyommaca jennense and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae). 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June 2020 | Vol. 12 | No. 9 | Pages: 15967–16194 Date of Publicaton: 26 June 2020 (Online & Print) www.threatenedtaxa.org DOI: 10.11609/jot.2020.12.9.15967-16194

Communicatons DNA barcode reveals the occurrence of Palearctc Olepa schleini Wit et al., 2005 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctinae) from peninsular India with morphological variatons Dusky Langurs Trachypithecus obscurus (Reid, 1837) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) in and a new subspecies Singapore: potental origin and conficts with natve primate species – Aparna Sureshchandra Kalawate, Shital Pawara, A. Shabnam & K.P. Dinesh, Pp. 16143– – Andie Ang, Sabrina Jabbar & Max Khoo, Pp. 15967–15974 16152

A new report on mixed species associaton between Nilgiri Langurs Semnopithecus johnii Present status of the genus Sphrageidus Maes, 1984 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: and Tufed Grey Langurs S. priam (Primates: Cercopithecidae) in the Nilgiri Biosphere Lymantriinae) from India Reserve, Western Ghats, India – Amritpal Singh Kaleka, Devinder Singh & Gagan Preet Kour Bali, Pp. 16153–16160 – K.S. Chetan Nag, Pp. 15975–15984 Early stages of Nilgiri Grass Yellow Eurema nilgiriensis (Yata, 1990) (Lepidoptera: A review of the bacular morphology of some Indian bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) Pieridae), with a note on its range extension in the Kerala part of the Western Ghats, – Bhargavi Srinivasulu, Harpreet Kaur, Tariq Ahmed Shah, Gundena Devender, Asad Gopi, India Sreehari Raman & Chelmala Srinivasulu, Pp. 15985–16005 – Balakrishnan Valappil & V.K. Chandrasekharan, Pp. 16161–16165

Status of the Critcally Endangered Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis (Gmelin, 1789) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal Notes – Hem Sagar Baral, Tek Raj Bhat, Sailendra Raj Giri, Ashok Kumar Ram, Shyam Kumar Shah, Laxman Prasad Poudyal, Dhiraj Chaudhary, Gitanjali Bhatacharya & Rajan Amin, Breeding site records of three sympatric vultures in a mountainous clif in Kahara- Pp. 16006–16012 Thathri, Jammu & Kashmir, India – Muzafar A. Kichloo, Sudesh Kumar & Neeraj Sharma, Pp. 16166–16169 Observatons on breeding behaviour of a pair of endangered Egyptan Vultures Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758) over three breeding seasons in the plains of Punjab, India First distributon record of Elongated Tortoise Indotestudo elongata (Blyth, 1853) – Charn Kumar, Amritpal Singh Kaleka & Sandeep Kaur Thind, Pp. 16013–16020 (Reptlia: Testudines: Testudinidae) from Bihar, India – Arif, Sourabh Verma, Ayesha Mohammad Maslehuddin, Utam, Ambarish Kumar Mall, Additons to the cicada (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadidae) fauna of India: frst report and Gaurav Ojha & Hemkant Roy, Pp. 16170–16172 range extension of four species with notes on their natural history from Meghalaya –Vivek Sarkar, Cuckoo Mahapatra, Pratyush P. Mohapatra & Manoj V. Nair, Pp. 16021–16042 The niche of shrimp stocks (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri Heller, 1862) from southeastern Brazil: a stable isotope approach The perceptons of high school students on the habitat of the Ucides cordatus – Keltony de Aquino Ferreira, Leandro Rabello Monteiro & Ana Paula Madeira Di (Linnaeus, 1763) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ucididae) in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Benedito, Pp. 16173–16176 southeastern Brazil – Laiza Fernanda Quintanilha Ribeiro, Laura Helena de Oliveira Côrtes & Ana Paula Madeira First record of the White Tufed Royal lila Moore, [1884] (Lepidoptera: Di Benedito, Pp. 16043–16047 : Theclinae) from Himachal Pradesh, extending its known range westwards – Sanjay Sondhi, Pp. 16177–16179 Woody species diversity from proposed ecologically sensitve area of northern Western Ghats: implicatons for biodiversity management Range extension of the Lilac Silverline Apharits lilacinus to southern Rajasthan and a – M. Tadwalkar, A. Joglekar, M. Mhaskar & A. Patwardhan, Pp. 16048–16063 review of the literature –K.S. Gopi Sundar, Swat Kitur, Vijay Kumar Koli & Utkarsh Prajapat, Pp. 16180–16182 Resolving taxonomic problems in the genus Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) with vegetatve micromorphology A record of gynandromorphism in the libellulid dragonfy Crocothemis servilia (Insecta: – Savita Sanjaykumar Rahangdale & Sanjaykumar Ramlal Rahangdale, Pp. 16064–16076 Odonata) from India – R.V. Renjith & A. Vivek Chandran, Pp. 16183–16186 A checklist of angiosperm fora of low elevaton lateritc hills of northern Kerala, India – K.A. Sreejith, V.B. Sreekumar, P. Prashob, S. Nita, M.P. Prejith & M.S. Sanil, Pp. 16077– Carcass consumpton by Nasuttermes callimorphus (Blatodea: Isoptera) in highland 16098 forests from Brazil – Igor Eloi, Mário Herculano de Oliveira & Maria Avany Bezerra-Gusmão, Pp. 16187– Phytodiversity of chasmophytc habitats at Olichuchatam Waterfalls, Kerala, India 16189 – Arun Christy & Binu Thomas, Pp. 16099–16109 New records of nasutform (Nasuttermitnae: Termitdae: Isoptera) from Contributon to the macromycetes of West Bengal, India: 51–56 Meghalaya, India – Diptosh Das, Entaj Tarafder, Meghma Bera, Anirban Roy & Krishnendu Acharya, – Khirod Sankar Das & Sudipta Choudhury, Pp. 16190–16192 Pp. 16110–16122

Corrigendum Short Communicatons Correctons to A citzens science approach to monitoring of the Lion Panthera leo Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for (Carnivora: Felidae) populaton in Niokolo-Koba Natonal Park, Senegal Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India – Dimitri Dagorne, Abdoulaye Kanté & John B. Rose, Pp. 16193–16194 – S.R. Ganesh, S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu, Pp. 16123–16135

Osteological descripton of Indian Skipper Frog Euphlycts cyanophlycts (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the Western Ghats of India – Pankaj A. Gorule, Sachin M. Gosavi, Sanjay S. Kharat & Chandani R. Verma, Pp. 16136– Publisher & Host 16142

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