DOCSLIB.ORG

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

LES FAICTZ DE JESUS CHRIST ET DU PAPE: THE POLEMICS OF FRENCH REFORM BEFORE CALVIN Octavian Lucian Jarnea Faculty ofReligious Studies McGiII University, Montreal August 2006 A thesis submitted to McGilI University In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts © Octavian Lucian Jarnea 2006 Library and Bibliothèque et 1+1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-32527-8 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-32527-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, électronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. ln compliance with the Canadian Conformément à la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privée, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont été enlevés de cette thèse. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page cou nt, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. ••• Canada Table of Contents ~, f \ Abstract iii Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Chapter 1: THE PUBLICATION HISTORY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEXT OF LES FAICTZ DE JESUS CHRIST ET DU PAPE 7 Introduction 7 A. Passional Christi und Antichristi 8 1. The context of its creation 8 2. Composition process, structure and thematic of the Passional 9 3. Editions of the Passional and the local or abroad reactions 13 B. Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape 16 1. The date, place and printer's name 16 2. The structure of Les Faictz and its connections with the Passional 20 Conclusion 29 Chapter 2: A CRITICAL ANAL YSIS OF THE TEXT: THE CLASSICAL SOURCES USED BY THE AUTHOR AND HIS HERMENEUTIC 32 Introduction 32 A. Macrobius 34 B. Lucian of Samosata 37 C. Apuleius 42 D. Aulus Gellius and Titus Livy 47 Conclusion 51 Chapter 3: EARLY REFORMATION EUCHARISTIC DEBATES REFLECTED IN LES FAICTZ DE JESUS CHRIST ET DU PAPE 54 Introduction 54 A. An Overview of Luther and Zwingli's Eucharistie Theology 55 1. The Early Views on the Eucharist of the Two Reformers 56 2. The Debate between Zwingli and Luther over the Eucharist 62 3. The Marburg Colloquy (1529) 69 ii B. The Controversy over the Eucharist as Viewed in Marcourt's Eucharistie Writings and in Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape . 71 1. Marcourt' s Attack against the Mass 73 2. The Anti-Mass Discourse in Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape 86 3. The Theo1ogica1 Sources of Les Faictz 93 Conclusion 95 Conclusion 98 Appendix 102 Bibliography 121 iii Abstract LES FAICTZ DE JESUS CHRIST ET DU PAPE: THE POLEMICS OF FRENCH REFORM BEFORE CALVIN This thesis addresses Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape, the frrst illustrated book of the French Reformation, printed by Pierre de Vingle in 1534, in Neuchâtel. Historical analysis, close reading of the text, interpretation and commentary revealed that, contrary to what had until recently been believed, Les Faictz was more than a mere translation of Passional Christi und Antichristi, an anti-papal Lutheran satire, issued in 1521, in Germany. The analysis of the classical sources employed by the anonymous writer(s) also exposed the virulent attack directed by the radical French reformers against the medieval institution of the papacy. Moreover, its new textual long addition offered enough evidence to place Les Faictz among the sacramentarian works published by Vingle between 1533-1535. Thus, likewise Marcourt's famous eucharistic writings, it refutes the sacrificial character of the mass, the doctrine of the real presence, and transubstantiation, aiming at no less than the abolition ofthe mass and the reestablishment of the Lord's Supper in its original purity. LES FAICTZ DE JESUS CHRIST ET DU PAPE: L'ART DE LA POLÉMIQUE DANS LA RÉFORME EN FRANÇAIS AVANT CALVIN Cette thèse porte sur Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape, le premier livre illustré de la Réforme en langue française, imprimé par Pierre de Vingle en 1534, à Neuchâtel. L'analyse historique, la lecture attentive du texte, l'interprétation et le commentaire ont montré que, contrairement à ce que l'on avait cru jusqu'à récemment, Les Faictz sont plus qu'une simple traduction du Passional Christi und Antichristi, une satire luthérienne contre le pape, parue en 1521, en Allemagne. L'analyse des sources classiques employées par l'auteur (ou les auteurs) anonyme(s) laisse également voir les attaques virulentes des réformateurs francophones contre l'institution médiévale de la papauté. De plus, un important ajout permet de classer Les Faictz parmi les écrits sacramentaires publiés par Ving1e entre 1533 et 1535. Ainsi, comme dans les célèbres écrits de Marcourt sur l'eucharistie, on réfute le caractère sacrificiel de la messe, la doctrine de la présence réelle et la transsubstantiation, et on ne veut rien de moins qu'abolir la messe et instituer de nouveau la sainte Cène dans sa pureté originelle. iv Acknowledgements Among those to whom 1 wish to express my deepest gratitude are the following: Dr. Torrance Kirby, for serving as principal advisor throughout my studies and supervisor ofthis thesis. His unique expertise and thorough critique have guided my research and composition process at every step, and for this 1 am truly grateful. Dr. William Kemp, for supplying me with copies of the first sixteenth-century editions of Passional Christi und Antichristi and Les Faictz de Jesus Christ et du Pape, and other indispensable resources. He also commented on parts of the manuscript, and offered valuable advice. Dr. Diane Desrosiers-Bonin, for being a constant source of encouragement and motivation. She has offered me the opportunity to become part of the team involved in the research project regarding Pierre de Vingle's polemical tracts, and for this 1 owe her special thanks. Dr. Isabelle Crevier Denommé, for her rigorous identification of the biblical citations found in Les Faictz, and for a careful translation of the abstract into French. Dr. Reinhard Bodenmann, for his interest in this work, and for sharing some of the results of his own research in topics similar to mine. My wife, Valentina Jarnea, for her invaluable support through the whole course of this work to completion, and for some precious editorial suggestions she has made. f' .. 1 Introduction Reformation historiography has recorded several attempts to explain the complex phenomenon of the spread of Protestantism in France in the first decades of the sixteenth century. Whereas the Luther-centered theory can be sustained by a series of solid evidences, l the assertion of a pre-existent indigenous movement that facilitated insertion first of the Lutheran ideas and then of a different provenance also rests on irrefutable historical facts. 2 Les evangéliques, the early French reformers, believed that the Church could be changed from within and that the Gospel should be preached in vemacular in order to be understood by as many people as possible.3 The Meaux group, which under the guidance of Guillaume Briçonnet gathered a coterie of humanists and reform-minded preachers (Lefèvre d'Étaples, Guillaume Farel, Michel d'Arande, Gérard Roussel, etc.), symbolizes the early French évangélisme in its purest Erasmian form. Protected by Francis 1 and his sister, Marguerite of Navarre, the Meaux group promoted evangelical reform until 1525 when the Parliament and the Sorbonne, taking advantage of the king's absence from the capital, managed to put an end to their attempts of reforming the church from within.4 1 From 1519 to April 1521 (when Luther's works were banned in Paris), a significant number of the Wittenberg reformer's books were brought in France. Johannes Froben, a printer from Basle, wrote Luther in February 1519 that he sold no less than 600 ofhis books in France, and that more are needed. Cf Francis Higman, La diffusion de la Reforme en France. 1520-1565 (Geneva: Labor et Fides, 1992), p. 19. See also Lewis W. Spitz, The Protestant Reformation. 1517-1559 (New York: Harper & Row, 1985), p. 196. 2 David Nicholls, "France," in The Early Reformation in Europe, ed. Andrew Pettegree (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), pp. 123-124. 3 Frederic J. Baumgartner, France in the Sixteenth Century (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995), p. 135. 4 Lefèvre and Roussel fled to Strasbourg, but soon they went back to France as Francis 1 retumed from his captivity in Spain. However, their subsequent activity did not cross sorne conventional borders of the established orthodoxy. Cf Higman, La diffusion de la Reforme en France, p.
Recommended publications
  • Pope Francis and the Challenges of Inter-Civilization Diplomacy

    Pope Francis and the Challenges of Inter-Civilization Diplomacy

    ARTIGO Pope Francis and the challenges of inter-civilization diplomacy O Papa Francisco e os desafios de uma diplomacia inter-civilizacional http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329201500204 BORIS VUKIĆEVIĆ* Rev. Bras. Polít. Int. 58 (2): 65-79 [2015] Introduction The Holy See, as the governing body of the Roman Catholic Church, has been a major player in international politics for many centuries. It has survived many attacks and persecutions, and has remained recognized as the subject of international law and international relations in the contemporary world, which makes it unique among religious organizations. Throughout its long history, the Holy See has survived turmoil. First, in its very beginning, the Roman Empire persecuted Christianity, forcing the early Church to be a clandestine organization whose first leaders were either executed or incarcerated. Then, after the Church was recognized, its status significantly improved. In 754 the Donation of Pepin founded the Papal State, making the Bishop of Rome - now known as the pope - the ruler of the independent state. Still, the papacy faced a new set of troubles. Long lasting conflict with the Holy Roman emperors and a power struggle with the kings of France forced the Holy See to temporarily move its seat to Avignon. During its time in Avignon, the Church did not have dominance in European affairs as it did during much of the rest of the medieval period. The Age of Enlightenment brought even tougher times for the Catholic Church, and Pope Pius VII was even arrested and humiliated by Napoleon at the pinnacle of Napoleon’s military might.
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com09/27/2021 12:23:27PM Via Free Access 12 Chapter One

    Downloaded from Brill.Com09/27/2021 12:23:27PM Via Free Access 12 Chapter One

    CHAPTER ONE CONSTITUENT CONCEPTS 1. Space Since they were conceptualized as human beings, Roman gods had a place in this world, in which they moved freely. This conclusion is unavoidable, if we consider that all Roman gods could be invoked, and that invocation implied spatial proximity to the invocator.1 Apart from this, at least the major gods were conceptualized as connected to speci c locations, normally marked as such by an altar, a temple, or in some other way. These locations I will call ‘spatial foci’. They are mostly represented by archaeological remains. However, by relying on archaeology, we unduly overemphasize the spatiality of major of cial divine concepts, which were more likely than private cults to be per- manently conceptualized by speci cally marked space. The sacred landscape of Rome was complex, time-bound and noto- riously anachronistic. It was complex because its parameters were not absolute and necessarily recognizable as such. Rather, it was intrinsi- cally relative and existent only within the full semiotic system of the topography of the city. Furthermore, it was time-bound, because the city itself developed rapidly, especially during the peak of urbanization from ca. 200 B.C.–200 A.D. It was notoriously anachronistic because the semiotic system underlying it was highly conservative and did not keep pace with the actual urban development (for instance, the pomerium was still remembered, when it had long become obsolete in the imperial period in terms of urban development; and the festival of the Septimontium was still celebrated separately by the communities that had long since merged into the city of Rome).
  • INGO GILDENHARD Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119 Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary CICERO, PHILIPPIC 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119

    INGO GILDENHARD Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119 Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary CICERO, PHILIPPIC 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119

    INGO GILDENHARD Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119 Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and commentary CICERO, PHILIPPIC 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119 Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119 Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and commentary Ingo Gildenhard https://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2018 Ingo Gildenhard The text of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt the text and to make commercial use of the text providing attribution is made to the author(s), but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work. Attribution should include the following information: Ingo Gildenhard, Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2018. https://doi. org/10.11647/OBP.0156 Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omission or error will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. In order to access detailed and updated information on the license, please visit https:// www.openbookpublishers.com/product/845#copyright Further details about CC BY licenses are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/ All external links were active at the time of publication unless otherwise stated and have been archived via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine at https://archive.org/web Digital material and resources associated with this volume are available at https://www.
  • Continuity in Color: the Persistence of Symbolic Meaning in Myths, Tales, and Tropes

    Continuity in Color: the Persistence of Symbolic Meaning in Myths, Tales, and Tropes

    Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern University Honors Program Theses 2016 Continuity in Color: The eP rsistence of Symbolic Meaning in Myths, Tales, and Tropes McKinley May Georgia Southern University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation May, McKinley, "Continuity in Color: The eP rsistence of Symbolic Meaning in Myths, Tales, and Tropes" (2016). University Honors Program Theses. 170. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses/170 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in University Honors Program Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Continuity in Color: The Persistence of Symbolic Meaning in Myths, Tales, and Tropes An Honors Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of Literature and Philosophy. By McKinley May Under the mentorship of Joe Pellegrino ABSTRACT This paper examines the symbolism of the colors black, white, and red from ancient times to modern. It explores ancient myths, the Grimm canon of fairy tales, and modern film and television tropes in order to establish the continuity of certain symbolisms through time. In regards to the fairy tales, the examination focuses solely on the lesser-known stories, due to the large amounts of scholarship surrounding the “popular” tales. The continuity of interpretation of these three major colors (black, white, and red) establishes the link between the past and the present and demonstrates the influence of older myths and beliefs on modern understandings of the colors.
  • Carminis Saliaris Reliquiae [Microform]

    Carminis Saliaris Reliquiae [Microform]

    ^m j*i- . .vgr- -»« CARMINIS SALIARIS ^'Jlv^- ' *' '.'' -^ ,•< RELIQVIAE ^i •'S*, .«^ '.?•'• ;/' .•*- ED. ^;-.:^. ADl tfy •'; .-, . DUOS DE lANO EXC. ADD. .>*-:-, ^ .-^^x .^vi-^.^f-^ ^ t -,«:?? •'!'•''••^'-v' ir..- .. '«'>r»''t;.-t\ f- % vr-. C. M. ZANDER. > n'- ***>-. ^ to,.^ . ^^•.^H^ ^-^ • .-^•:='."- ^- .->- ^ Ir;;^'':v;'=..jf-';-^-: • ./:<.&-. ".'^ ." 4- :'-'>..-. y; . fe:-4^: <• >. ^- ''-:; - ^%:' l,lt'-1 t>-v.^ <*; y .„'>.. ^: LUNDiE, TYPIS BERLINGIANIS, MBNSE HAIO MDCCCLXXXVIII. 4vr¥:J^' ;^v; - ->?M 4 \ . -'^^-'.^••"; *^''» ' •;" ,f=, .?»•;'. '.>5'.' •;^:*- .',i\.p^.>.- '-';-"••-' -vT;..r^^.^:;y._^^-,.^- . ** -- ^v^-.;tr.v^^.^ -ir « ..-J^^^i ;-'• ' •; '**-v . -'"'jf^S -;?v i-'^-/. 'I, •• r ">! '.ly\ :.:J'^. --T^l ' • ''^ ^•^^^Vi''-«'':^^-''?^'-'-s3?-^^>#'-5' ''•-•'•" - ».-;^- .- -.v ••.•-.-,..•-'»•?• i' • • • * • ••• •* ' . .'i, .V*-' .*. ..%:• . V^--.^-» '...- ..2 •. : r. .' .^ -.£ ; j.-;>.-a.. \ A 1 . V 'V- .t -.: CARMINIS SALIARIS RELIQVIAE ED. ADN. DUOS DE lANO EXC. ADD. C. M. ZANDER. < LUND^, TyPIS BERLINGIANIS, MENSE MAIO MDCCCLXXXVIII. ." ^-u .•' '» , • ; •r .» -! , -. ;-n,r^ ^-> .. -•:» -i . 1 •'?-^V..J^,.--^,':^• . •*. -,v--. .-;v..v:. !^.^^-^i- - . » .- . ,^ ,- i . .' ' - ;:(ftv;S ^ .* ;,r--^-;) ' -< /., ', "i -f. ' *?= m^^ Carmen Saliare. Versu& lanuli. O Zaiil, adortese dnmial Vero™ dd patlS c5Smis es i4ne\is, Idnes. Dvonus OSrus 6s, dvonus Idnus. Veueis prom^rios pr6me ditls ewiim recdnde. Sententia haec est: sol oriens inuade omnia! Portarum ad patulos aditus comis es ianitor, lane. Bonus Genius es, bonus lanus. Viuis (dat. plur.), (optime) promeritus, prome dies et reconde. Varro de L. L. VII§26. In multis uerbis in quo antiqui dicebant S, postea dicunt R, ut in carmine Saliorum sunt haec: Cozeulodori esc omnia uero adpatula coemisse iancusianes duonus ce- ruses dunus ianus ue uet pom elios eum recum . [post recum reliquam eius uersus partem et qui sequuntur quattuor uersus vacuos relictos ease in F, adnotauemnt A. Groth de M. Ter. Varronis de L.
  • The Roman Virtues

    The Roman Virtues

    An Introduction to the Roman Deities Hunc Notate: The cultural organization, the Roman Republic: Res publica Romana, and authors have produced this text for educational purposes. The Res publica Romana is dedicated to the restoration of ancient Roman culture within the modern day. It is our belief that the Roman virtues must be central to any cultural restoration as they formed the foundation of Romanitas in antiquity and still serve as central to western civilization today. This text is offered free of charge, and we give permission for its use for private purposes. You may not offer this publication for sale or produce a financial gain from its distribution. We invite you to share this document freely online and elsewhere. However, if you do share this document we ask that you do so in an unaltered form and clearly give credit to the Roman Republic: Res publica Romana and provide a link to: www.RomanRepublic.org 1 Roman Republic: Res publica Romana| RomanRepublic.org An Introduction to the Roman Deities The existence of the gods is a helpful thing; so let us believe in them. Let us offer wine and incense on ancient altars. The gods do not live in a state of quiet repose, like sleep. Divine power is all around us - Publius Ovidius Naso Dedicated to anyone who desires to build a relationship with the Gods and Goddesses of Rome and to my friends Publius Iunius Brutus & Lucia Hostilia Scaura 2 Roman Republic: Res publica Romana| RomanRepublic.org An Introduction to the Roman Deities Who are the Roman Gods and Goddesses? Since the prehistoric period humans have pondered the nature of the gods.
  • Sep 2018 Message from the Chairman

    Sep 2018 Message from the Chairman

    Vol. 13 :: No. 3 :: Jul – Sep 2018 Message from the Chairman Dear IEEE Members, I am happy to write to you in this penultimate issue of IEEE ICNL for 2018. At the very outset, I would like to state that my experience during 2017-2018 as IC Chair has indicated that if IEEE India fraternity works in unison, many positive things can happen in the years to come. IEEE India Council is delighted to state that the "All India Student/ YP/ WIE Congress (AISYWC- 18)”, a flagship event of IEEE IC, was hosted by IEEE Bangalore Section with great pomp and show during 28th to 30th September 2018. This year, the congress was held at City of Palaces, Mysuru, and the local host was Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology (VVIET). IEEE India Council is happy to inform that seven IEEE Sections of India extended their support to AISYWC-18. Around 450 participants took part in the Congress. Maintaining the continuity during 2017-2018, IEEE IC F2F meeting was held on 30th September 2018 hosted by IEEE Bangalore Section on the sidelines of AISYWC-18 in Mysuru. It was a very good meeting with participation from many sections, which is bringing in greater cohesion in IEEE activities in India. I put on record our utmost appreciation of the efforts of IEEE Bangalore Section in relation to this F2F meeting. This quarter was an eventful time for IEEE India Council. IEEE Bombay Section in collaboration with IEEE India Council organized a day-and-a-half long ‘Tutorial cum workshop on AI&ML’ during August 10-11, 2018.
  • GERMAN LITERARY FAIRY TALES, 1795-1848 by CLAUDIA MAREIKE

    GERMAN LITERARY FAIRY TALES, 1795-1848 by CLAUDIA MAREIKE

    ROMANTICISM, ORIENTALISM, AND NATIONAL IDENTITY: GERMAN LITERARY FAIRY TALES, 1795-1848 By CLAUDIA MAREIKE KATRIN SCHWABE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Claudia Mareike Katrin Schwabe 2 To my beloved parents Dr. Roman and Cornelia Schwabe 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisory committee chair, Dr. Barbara Mennel, who supported this project with great encouragement, enthusiasm, guidance, solidarity, and outstanding academic scholarship. I am particularly grateful for her dedication and tireless efforts in editing my chapters during the various phases of this dissertation. I could not have asked for a better, more genuine mentor. I also want to express my gratitude to the other committee members, Dr. Will Hasty, Dr. Franz Futterknecht, and Dr. John Cech, for their thoughtful comments and suggestions, invaluable feedback, and for offering me new perspectives. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge the abundant support and inspiration of my friends and colleagues Anna Rutz, Tim Fangmeyer, and Dr. Keith Bullivant. My heartfelt gratitude goes to my family, particularly my parents, Dr. Roman and Cornelia Schwabe, as well as to my brother Marius and his wife Marina Schwabe. Many thanks also to my dear friends for all their love and their emotional support throughout the years: Silke Noll, Alice Mantey, Lea Hüllen, and Tina Dolge. In addition, Paul and Deborah Watford deserve special mentioning who so graciously and welcomingly invited me into their home and family. Final thanks go to Stephen Geist and his parents who believed in me from the very start.
  • The Wars of the Roses

    The Wars of the Roses

    Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 SW India evangelized 1st Cent. AD Manicheanism was a Gnostic belief that was semi-Christian, but believed in a dualistic cosmology in which Good and Evil were equally powerful – this belief system lasted a long time…eventually almost all Manichean believers assimilated into either more mainstream versions of Christianity, Buddhism, or Islam © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 St. Miltiades: First African Pope. First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD). Presided over the Lateran council of 313. St. Sylvester I: 1st Council of Nicaea (325). Built St. John Lateran, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme and Old St. Peter's Basilica. Stated recipient of Donation of Constantine (later shown to be a forgery) Papal Reigns: St. Miltiades to St. Gregory I "the Great" MILTIADES INNOCENT I FELIX III (II?) JOHN II (2 JULY 311 – 10 JAN 314) (21 DEC 401 – 12 MARCH 417) (13 MARCH 483 – 1 MARCH 492) (2 JAN 533 – 8 MAY 535) MARK BONIFACE I ANASTASIUS II VIGILIUS (336) (28 DEC 418 – 4 SEP 422) (24 NOV 496 – 19 NOV 498) (29 MARCH 537 – 7 JUNE 555) LIBERIUS SIXTUS III HORMISDAS JOHN III (17 MAY 352 – 24 SEP 366) (31 JULY 432 – 18 AUG 440) (20 JULY 514 – 6 AUG 523) (17 JULY 561 – 13 JULY 574) SIRICIUS HILARIUS FELIX IV PELAGIUS II (17 DEC 384 – 26 NOV
  • RODERICK MAIN Revelations of Chance SUNY Series in Transpersonal and Humanistic Psychology

    RODERICK MAIN Revelations of Chance SUNY Series in Transpersonal and Humanistic Psychology

    REVELATIONS OF C HANCE Synchronicity as Spiritual Experience RODERICK MAIN Revelations of Chance SUNY series in Transpersonal and Humanistic Psychology Richard D. Mann, editor Revelations of Chance Synchronicity as Spiritual Experience Roderick Main State University of New York Press Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 2007 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. For information, address State University of New York Press, 194 Washington Avenue, Suite 305, Albany NY 12210-2384 Production by Kelli Williams Marketing by Anne M. Valentine Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Main, Roderick. Revelations of chance : synchronicity as spiritual experience / Roderick Main. p. cm. — (SUNY series in transpersonal and humanistic psychology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-7914-7023-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-7914-7024-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Coincidence—Religious aspects. I. Title. II. Series. BL625.93.M35 2007 204'.2—dc22 2006012813 10987654321 In memory of John Mein Main (1930–2006) CONTENTS List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi 1. Introduction 1 2. Synchronicity and Spirit 11 3. The Spiritual Dimension of Spontaneous Synchronicities 39 4. Symbol, Myth, and Synchronicity: The Birth of Athena 63 5. Multiple Synchronicities of a Chess Grandmaster 81 6.
  • Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath from a Kristevan Perspective

    Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath from a Kristevan Perspective

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OpenGrey Repository Transforming the Law of One: Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath from a Kristevan Perspective A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Areen Ghazi Khalifeh School of Arts, Brunel University November 2010 ii Abstract A recent trend in the study of Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath often dissociates Confessional poetry from the subject of the writer and her biography, claiming that the artist is in full control of her work and that her art does not have naïve mimetic qualities. However, this study proposes that subjective attributes, namely negativity and abjection, enable a powerful transformative dialectic. Specifically, it demonstrates that an emphasis on the subjective can help manifest the process of transgressing the law of One. The law of One asserts a patriarchal, monotheistic law as a social closed system and can be opposed to the bodily drives and its open dynamism. This project asserts that unique, creative voices are derived from that which is individual and personal and thus, readings of Confessional poetry are in fact best served by acknowledgment of the subjective. In order to stress the subject of the artist in Confessionalism, this study employed a psychoanalytical Kristevan approach. This enables consideration of the subject not only in terms of the straightforward narration of her life, but also in relation to her poetic language and the process of creativity where instinctual drives are at work. This study further applies a feminist reading to the subject‘s poetic language and its ability to transgress the law, not necessarily in the political, macrocosmic sense of the word, but rather on the microcosmic, subjective level.
  • Popes in History

    Popes in History

    popes in history medals by Ľudmila Cvengrošová text by Mons . Viliam Judák Dear friends, Despite of having long-term experience in publishing in other areas, through the AXIS MEDIA company I have for the first time entered the environment of medal production. There have been several reasons for this decision. The topic going beyond the borders of not only Slovakia but the ones of Europe as well. The genuine work of the academic sculptress Ľudmila Cvengrošová, an admirable and nice artist. The fine text by the Bishop Viliam Judák. The “Popes in history” edition in this range is a unique work in the world. It proves our potential to offer a work eliminating borders through its mission. Literally and metaphorically, too. The fabulous processing of noble metals and miniatures produced with the smallest details possible will for sure attract the interest of antiquarians but also of those interested in this topic. Although this is a limited edition I am convinced that it will be provided to everybody who wants to commemorate significant part of the historical continuity and Christian civilization. I am pleased to have become part of this unique project, and I believe that whether the medals or this lovely book will present a good message on us in the world and on the world in us. Ján KOVÁČIK AXIS MEDIA 11 Celebrities grown in the artist’s hands There is one thing we always know for sure – that by having set a target for himself/herself an artist actually opens a wonderful world of invention and creativity. In the recent years the academic sculptress and medal maker Ľudmila Cvengrošová has devoted herself to marvellous group projects including a precious cycle of male and female monarchs of the House of Habsburg crowned at the St.