Developing the Road Network

DEVELOPING THE ROAD NETWORK

BY MR. IFTIKHAR RASHID SECRETARY MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS

Ministry of Communications 2 Ministry Of Communications

The Ministry deals with federalized roads, Policing of such roads, Ports,Shipping,Transport Research and Postal Services

Ministry of Communications 3 Vision

To provide safe, reliable, affordable and modern communications system to effectively support the economy leading to poverty alleviation and acting as a catalyst for social and economic growth of the country

Ministry of Communications 4 Pakistan’s Geo-strategic Location

Pakistan is gifted by nature with an excellent geo-strategic location. It is contiguous to South Asia on one side and the Central Asia on the other. This location renders Pakistan as most attractive route for transit.

Ministry of Communications Pakistan’s Geo-strategic Location

KARAGANDA KARKARALINKS AYOGUZ TURGAY URALSK AKTYUBINSK K A Z A K H S T A N KARSAKPAY CHELKAR SARY - SHAGAR TALDY KURGAN ARALSK

GURYEV UKRAINE DZHURALY KZYL - ORDA ALMA ATA ARAL SEA FRUNZE CHIMKENT

C KYRGYZSTAN A SHEVCHENKO ARYNE S UZBEKISTAN N

P NUKAS TAMDYHULAK

I OSHI A TASHKENT C H I N A

N KASHGHAR

URGENCH

S LENINABAD

E SAMARKAND

A NAVOI GEORGIA BUKHARA B L A C K S E A DUSHAHB KARSHI TAJIKISTAN KHUNJERAB KANSNOVODSK PASS FAIZABAD A R TURKMENISTAN M AZARBIJAN TERMEZ IN ASHKHABAD ERZURUM I A MARY JAMMU & ISTANBOL - I - SHARIF SIVAS MAZAR KASHMIR R DISPUTED ANKARA MASHAD A TERRITORY BRIZ N W TA A H A S ISLAMABAD E TKABUL P TEHRAN S T U R K E Y HERAT I N LAHORE QOM A H N I R A N G KANDHAR A F N A MULTA ESFAHAN A QUETT T KERMAN S I I N D I A SUKKAR SHEERAZ K BAM ZAHIDAN A P BANDAR ABBAS HYDERABAD KARACHI

GWADAR

ARABIAN S E A 6 Developing Road Network

Growth, service delivery improvement and generation of productive employment are critical for poverty reduction. Road infrastructure is a catalyst for generating economic activity, employment, growth and providing better integration. It is thus an important element of the Government’s poverty reduction strategy. A number of actions have been initiated, which include the preparation of a new integrated transport policy and strategy. Contd.. Ministry of Communications Developing Road Network 7

Clear development priorities have been articulated for the development of the National Highways Network. The development strategy is to : ¾ Augment the highway network ¾ Modernize its maintenance ¾ Toll regime ¾ sustainable maintenance needs through Road Maintenance Account ¾ Enforce strict traffic laws and axle load limits to ensure smooth and safe movement of passengers and goods and preserve the highway infrastructure. ¾ Facilitate trade (local, national, regional and international) to ensure meaningful reduction in poverty.

Ministry of Communications 8 Transport Sector in Pakistan

Pakistan has an area of 803,950 Sq-Km and a population of around 140 Million. Share of transport sector in the GDP is about 10% Transport sector employs 2 million people (5% of total employed persons). Over 90 % passengers and goods are carried by roads mode of transport. Only National Highways carry about 80 % of the country’s freight and passenger traffic Ministry of Communications 9 Role of Roads Development in Poverty Alleviation

It is well accepted that sustainable economic growth leads to alleviation of poverty. Development of Motorways and Improvement of National highways is a strategy to achieve sustained economic growth. Investment in the mega road projects generates income- earning opportunities for the poor by creating jobs for un-employed in construction and maintenance of roads. Under the Poverty Reduction Strategy of Pakistan, there is a need to conduct in-depth studies for assessing the Impact of Motorways, Highways and Roads on Poverty Alleviation in quantified terms.

Ministry of Communications 10 Role of Roads Development in Poverty Alleviation

Increased accessibility at tertiary level leads to increased well being through facilitating higher personal mobility and diversification in socio economic activities

For employment generation labour intensive construction methods can be used specially in Low Cost Rural Road Programme

Ministry of Communications National Highways & Motorways 11 N-5 Karachi – Lahore – Peshawar – Torkham ---- 1819 N-10 Liari – Ormara – Pasni – Gwadar – Gabd ---- 653 N-15 Mansehra – Naran – Jalkhad – Chilas ---- 240 N-25 Karachi – Kalat – Quetta – Chaman ---- 813 N-35 Hassanabdal – Abbottabad – Khunjrab ---- 806 N-40 Lakpass – Dalbandin – Nokundi – Taftan ---- 610 N-45 Nowshera – Malakand – Dir – Chitral ---- 309 N-50 Kuchlak – Zhob – Mughalkot – D.I. Khan ---- 531 N-55 Kotri – Ratodero – D.I. Khan – Peshawar ---- 1264 N-65 Sukkur – Sibi – Saryab (Quetta) ---- 385 N-70 Qila Saifullah – D.G Khan – Multan ---- 447 N-75 Islamabad – Kohala ---- 90 M-1 Islamabad – Peshawar Motorway ---- 155 M-2 Lahore – Islamabad Motorway ---- 367 M-3 Pindi Bhattian – Faisalabad Motorway ---- 53 M-9 Karachi – Hyderabad Motorway ---- 136 S-1 Gilgit – Skardu Road ---- 167 S-2 Kohala – Muzaffarabad Road ---- 40 TOTAL: 8,885 Km(Cont’d) Ministry of Communications National Highways & Motorways Map Khunjrab Pass 12 N-35 (S-1 Chitral Gilgit ) Skardu Total Length: 8,885 km N-45 N-15 Torkham M-1 KASHMIR Peshawar N-75 National Highways Nowsh Islamabad DISPUTED TERRITORY Motorways N-5 N-55 M-2

D.I. Khan M Chaman N-50 -3 N-25 Lahore Faisalabad Quetta N-70 N-5 N-40 Taftan Lakpass D.G. Khan Multan N-65 N-55 Bahawalpur N-5 R.Y. Khan 5

2 - 5 5 Rohri N - N

Gabd N-10 Liari Gwadar M- 9 Hyderabad Karachi N-5 Thatta

ARABIAN SEA

Ministry of Communications Road Density Comparison

3.07 3.50 3.00 ea r 2.50

1.77 1.70 2.00 1.52

1.50 th / Sq.Km of A 1.04 1.00 ng e 0.69 0.68 1.00 0.32 0.29 Road L 0.23 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.08 Road Density 0.00 a n n UK Italy stan USA India Spai Brazil Chi Japan France Hungary Paki Countries Malaysia Indonesia Argentina 14 Developing the National Highway Network

National Highway Authority (NHA) has been tasked to take up the role of a service provider and not just a road builder. Till recently, it used to implement programs of construction, development and maintenance of federal roads. The true impact of significant financial inputs being put in the road sector will be felt once the new role is completely adopted by NHA.

Ministry of Communications National Highway Network 15 Condition

GOOD 28% POOR 17%

FAIR 8% VERY POOR 47%

Ministry of Communications National Highways – Present Condition

Present asset replacement value of National Highways exceeds Rs 600 Billion. This amount represents largest single asset investment in Pakistan.

With growth in traffic volume and Axle Load levels, modal shift from rail to road and inadequate maintenance, this precious asset investment is deteriorating at an alarming rate.

Pavement condition surveys show that 50% of the existing National Highway Network is in need of major rehabilitation or reconstruction.

Remaining 50% might be lost in the near future if adequate maintenance and rehabilitation actions are not taken in a timely and effective manner. Federal Roads Development Budget Demand, Allocation & Releases (1995 - 2004) RS IN BILLION 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1995-96 1997-98 2003-2004 1999-2000 2001-2002

DEMAND ALLOCATION Major Development Projects 18

Makran Coastal Highway (N-10) Islamabad-Pesh Motorway (M-1) Karachi Northern Bypass Lyari Expressway Project Mansehra-Naran-Jalkhad (N-15) RYK-Bahawalpur ACW (N-5) Islamabad-Lowertopa (N-75) Khujuri-Bewata Section of N-70 Nutal-Sibi Section of N-65

Ministry of Communications 19 Maintenance Needs

Rs 3 Billion per year needed to keep the network in the present condition Rs 35 Billion required over the next 5 years (Rs 7 Billion per year) to improve the network to maintainable standards This investment will results in Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) saving up to Rs 35 - 40 Billion per year

Ministry of Communications National Highway Improvement Program (NHIP) Through World Bank’s assistance, it is planned to rehabilitate, resurface, upgrade and improve 2700 km of the road network

NHIP is aimed to achieve a sustainable delivery of a productive and efficient national highway system thereby lowering transportation and operating costs National Highway Improvement Program 21 (NHIP)

Total Length of Roads to (Length=2700Km,Cost=Rs.32.0 Bill) be Improved/Up-graded (Period = 7 Years) under Phase-I & II of NHIP

Phase-I -- Length = 856 Km, Cost = Rs.15.1 Billion (W.B Share = 76.5% , GOP/NHA = 33.5%)

Phase-II -- Length = 1844 Km, Cost = Rs.18.1 Billion (Toll / GOP Funding)

Ministry of Communications 22 Ten Years Plan (2002-2011)

(Length in KM)

Federal Hwys On-going Planned

Upg/Imp New Upg/Imp New

Motorways 711 ----- 155 136 1,689

National H/ways 8,174 749 759 4,397 120

Other Projects ------73 ------840 Total: 8,885 749 789 4,533 2,649

Ministry of Communications Dividends of Roads Sector 23

The roads development strategy will significantly enhance the low density of roads in Pakistan. Given the strong agrarian base of Pakistan, an increased road density will open good earning opportunities for farmers by enabling them to fetch better prices for their produce. Continued expansion of roads and their due maintenance will provide employment opportunities which would also help in poverty reduction. Roads sector development plan, with good absorption capacity will enhance the overall development effort of the country and thus contribute significantly to sustained economic growth.

Ministry of Communications