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Chapter 12 Productivity Glime, J. M. 2017. Productivity. Chapt. 12. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. Physiological Ecology. Ebook 12-1-1 sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 18 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. CHAPTER 12 PRODUCTIVITY TABLE OF CONTENTS Productivity .......................................................................................................................................................... 12-2 Ecological Factors ................................................................................................................................................ 12-2 Ability to Invade ........................................................................................................................................... 12-2 Niche Differences ......................................................................................................................................... 12-3 Growth ................................................................................................................................................................. 12-3 Growth Measurements .................................................................................................................................. 12-4 Annual Length Increase ................................................................................................................................ 12-8 Uncoupling .................................................................................................................................................... 12-9 Seasonal Differences ................................................................................................................................... 12-11 False Growth Markers ................................................................................................................................. 12-14 Growth Control .................................................................................................................................................. 12-15 Growth Tradeoffs ............................................................................................................................................... 12-15 Etiolation ............................................................................................................................................................ 12-15 Belowground Productivity ................................................................................................................................. 12-16 Sporophyte Productivity ..................................................................................................................................... 12-16 Productivity and Aging ...................................................................................................................................... 12-17 Life Span ............................................................................................................................................................ 12-17 Leaf Production and LAI.................................................................................................................................... 12-18 Energy Content................................................................................................................................................... 12-18 Fungal Partners .................................................................................................................................................. 12-18 Recent History Effects ....................................................................................................................................... 12-19 Mitotic Activity .................................................................................................................................................. 12-20 Respiration ......................................................................................................................................................... 12-20 Habitat and Geographic Comparisons ................................................................................................................ 12-21 Rates of Productivity .......................................................................................................................................... 12-22 Latitude Differences .................................................................................................................................... 12-26 Antarctic ...................................................................................................................................................... 12-26 Frigid Antarctic ........................................................................................................................................... 12-27 Arctic .......................................................................................................................................................... 12-27 Wetlands .............................................................................................................................................. 12-27 Tundra ......................................................................................................................................................... 12-28 Boreal Forest ............................................................................................................................................... 12-29 Temperate Forest ........................................................................................................................................ 12-30 Epiphytes .................................................................................................................................................... 12-32 Peatlands ..................................................................................................................................................... 12-32 Desert .......................................................................................................................................................... 12-33 Savannah ..................................................................................................................................................... 12-35 Temperate Rainforest .................................................................................................................................. 12-35 Tropical Rainforest ..................................................................................................................................... 12-35 Problems in the Water ........................................................................................................................................ 12-37 Rivers and Streams...................................................................................................................................... 12-37 Lakes and Ponds ......................................................................................................................................... 12-39 Problems with Bryophyte Measurement ............................................................................................................ 12-39 Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 12-39 Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................................. 12-40 Literature Cited .................................................................................................................................................. 12-40 12-1-2 Chapter 12: Productivity CHAPTER 12 PRODUCTIVITY Figure 1. Pohlia wahlenbergii var. glacialis, a wetland moss that is among the more productive of the acrocarpous mosses. Photo by Michael Lüth, with permission. Productivity Ecological Factors It is within the framework of productivity that Ability to Invade bryophytes are often considered unimportant as components of the ecosystem. As Martin and Adamson There are so many ways in which to measure (2001) have pointed out, the photosynthetic capacity of productivity that one must be careful to consider the mosses is generally considered to be much lower than that purpose for which it is being measured. If it is measured to of the tracheophytes. However, they contend that this may determine how soon it will grow enough to overtake the be a misleading conclusion based on the method of pebble path through the garden, a consideration of the calculating rates of net CO2 uptake. Rather, they linear growth of the stem pointed in that direction is most demonstrate that when productivity of bryophytes is relevant. But if it is to determine what that particular calculated on the basis of chlorophyll, differences in rate species is capable of doing, in its own right, we would look disappear. It is only when dry mass is used to calculate at it quite differently, most likely at its biomass gain or CO2 productivity that bryophytes appear to have a much lower fixed on an hourly or annual basis. And if we want to productivity rate than that of tracheophytes. And this know how soon it will fill in as ground cover, we need to depends on whether the senescent portions are included in know its lateral growth – the growth
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