(Averrhoa Carambola, L.) I
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A Study on Shelf Life Extension of Carambola Fruits Ashok Rathod., Shoba, H, Chidanand, D.V
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 2, Issue 9, September-2011 1 ISSN 2229-5518 A Study on Shelf life Extension of Carambola Fruits Ashok Rathod., Shoba, H, Chidanand, D.V Abstract -The freshly harvested Carambola (Averrhoa Carambola L.) fruits were packed in different packaging matrials like high density polyethylene (HDPE) with a 1% and 2% ventilation with a pretreatment 2 % CaCl2 stored at ambient and also in refrigerated conditions the temperature was in the range of 18.0 to 21.0 0 C and Relative humidity of about 86 per cent. To evaluate the storage condition and pretreatment on Carambola fruits. The result showed that, the Carambola fruits stored in 200 gauge HDPE polyethylene bag with 1 % ventilation stored at refrigerated temperature conditions and pretreatment with 2 % CaCl2 showed an encouraging result with respect to biological properties and organoleptic evaluation when compared with the other treatments. Index Terms— Carambola fruit, Pretreatments, Packaging, Shelf life, Storage, Storage temperatures, Ventilation. —————————— —————————— 1. INTRODUCTION By and large, the type and intensity of the post harvest physio- Carambola (Averrhoa Carambola L.) belongs to the family logical activity and the kind of fruit determine to a large extent, Oxalidaceae and is often called as 'Star fruit' or 'five finger' the storage life of the produce. During storage, the produce fruit. The fruit is believed to have originated in Southeast Asia, deteriorates in quality due to physiological activities such as Indonesia or Malaysia, but it is now cultivated throughout the respiration and loss of moisture. They are susceptible to mi- tropics and subtropics of the world. -
Collection and Evaluation of Under-Utilized Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Genetic Resources in Malaysia
J]RCAS International Symposium Series No. 3: 27-38 Session 1-3 27 Collection and Evaluation of Under-Utilized Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Genetic Resources in Malaysia WONG, Kai Choo' Abstract Fruit tree genetic resources in Malaysia consist of cultivated and wild species. The cul tivated fruit trees number more than 100 species of both indigenous and introduced species. Among these fruits, some are popular and are widely cultivated throughout the country while others are less known and grown in small localized areas. The latter are the under-utilized fruit species. Apart from these cultivated fruits, there is also in the Malaysian natural forest a diversity of wild fruit tree species which produce edible fruits but are relatively unknown and unutilized. Many of the under-utilized and unutilized fruit species are known to show economic potential. Collection and evaluation of some of these fruit tree genetic resources have been carried out. These materials are assessed for their potential as new fruit trees, as sources of rootstocks for grafting and also as sources of germplasm for breeding to improve the present cultivated fruit species. Some of these potential fruit tree species within the gen era Artocarpus, Baccaurea, Canarium, Dimocarpus, Dialium, Durio, Garcinia, Litsea, Mangif era, Nephelium, Sa/acca, and Syzygium are highlighted. Introduction Malaysian fruit tree genetic resources comprise both cultivated and wild species. There are more than 100 cultivated fruit species of both major and minor fruit crops. Each category includes indigenous as well as introduced species. The major cultivated fruit crops are well known and are commonly grown throughout the country. -
Carambola the Carambola Is More Commonly Known As a Star Fruit Because of the Shape of the Fruit
a gold star carambola The carambola is more commonly known as a star fruit because of the shape of the fruit. arambola is packed with nutrients! It is an excellent source of vitamin C . It also contains fiber, folate and antioxidants. Adding more fruit to your diet can reduce your Crisk of high blood pressure, heart disease and stroke. Did you know? Shopping, Preparing and FROZEN CARAMBOLA PICKLES The entire fruit is edible, including Storing the waxy outer skin. A ripe carambola will be bright Carambola can be used in sal- yellow with tinges of light green and 1 lb. sm. Carambolas (green ads, sorbets and drinks to add a tart will feel firm. It is normal if there is a or semi-ripe) flavor. brown color along the raised ridges. ½ lb. sm. yellow onions ½ c. white vinegar The carambola is great for eating If your carambola is not ripe, let it right out of hand and does not 1 tsp. salt sit on the counter for a few days. 2 tbsp. water need to be peeled or seeded before The entire carambola can be ¾ c. sugar eating. eaten after washing. Carambola is 90 percent water. 1. Trim brown edges from starfruit and slice crosswise with a Cooking Tips knife, discard seeds. Thinly slice onions. Mix prepared caram- Carambola tastes great raw but bola with onion, salt and water in a 2 quart non-aluminum bowl It is believed that the car- can be used in cooked dishes, too. and let stand 2 hours. Drain, but do not rinse. ambola originated in Sri Toss slices into stir-fry or broil with 2. -
Star Fruit.Pdf
57 See the table below for in depth analysis of nutrients: Geography/History Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola), raw, Fresh, Description/Taste Nutritive value per 100 g, Star Fruit are native to Sri Lanka, ORAC value-5900 Star Fruit is a glossy, yellow and (Source: USDA National Nutrient data base) the Moluccas, India and Indonesia, Energy 31 Kcal 1.5% translucent, unique star fruit's thin star fruit is considered to be a Carbohydrates 6.73 g 5% waxy skin has five deep lateral ridges relatively "new" fruit and is now Protein 1.04 g 2% that form charming star shapes when cultivated in the United States. Total Fat 0.33 g 1% sliced. Easy to recognize, it is about Southeast Asia and Malaysia have Cholesterol 0 mg 0% two to five inches in length. Pleasantly cultivated star fruit for hundreds of Dietary Fiber 2.80 g 7% citric, the complex taste of this years. Belonging to the wood sorrel Vitamins attractive fruit has been described as Folates 12 µg 3% family and of the species Averrhoa combining plum, pineapple, apple, Niacin 0.367 mg 2.25% carambola, star fruit has a close lemon and grape when it ripens to Pyridoxine 0.017 mg 1.5% relative called "belimbing". Other yellow. Its crisp texture offers a Riboflavin 0.016 mg 1.25% names include Carambola, Chinese sweet-tart juice. Narrow ribbed fruits Thiamin 0.014 mg 1% star fruit, star apple and quite Vitamin A 61 IU 2% generally have a more tart flavor; thick appropriately, five-angled fruit. This Vitamin C 34.4 mg 57% fleshy ribs are usually sweet. -
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eFood Vol. 1(2); April (2020), pp. 126–139 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/efood.k.200406.001; eISSN 2666-3066 https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/efood Review Emerging Exotic Fruits: New Functional Foods in the European Market Laura Cornara1,*, Jianbo Xiao2, Antonella Smeriglio3, Domenico Trombetta3, Bruno Burlando4,5 1Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy 2Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 3 Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy 4Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, Genova 16132, Italy 5Biophysics Institute, National Research Council (CNR), via De Marini 6, Genova 16149, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History The consumption of exotic fruits is rapidly increasing in European countries. Some of these products have attracted much interest due to their alleged properties of preventing malnutrition, over-nutrition, and disease, maintaining a healthy body. Received 23 February 2020 Accepted 31 March 2020 Scientific studies on these fruits are multiplying, including chemical characterizations and biological investigations onin vitro and in vivo experimental models. This review concerns four edible fruits:Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit), Annona cherimola Keywords (cherimoya), Citrus australasica (finger lime), andAverrhoa carambola (carambola or star fruit). By screening biomedical Superfruits databases, viz. Scopus, WOS, and PubMed, a total of 131 papers have been selected. Data reveals a wide series of biological functional food effects that confirm traditional medicinal uses or suggest new therapeutic applications. -
Acute and Sub-Chronic Pre-Clinical Toxicological Study of Averrhoa Carambola L
Vol. 12(40), pp. 5917-5925, 2 October, 2013 DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.2401 ISSN 1684-5315 ©2013 Academic Journals African Journal of Biotechnology http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB Full Length Research Paper Acute and sub-chronic pre-clinical toxicological study of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) Débora L. R. Pessoa, Maria S. S. Cartágenes, Sonia M.F. Freire, Marilene O. R. Borges and Antonio C. R. Borges* Federal University of Maranhão, Physiological Science Department, Pharmacology Research and Post-Graduate Laboratory. Av. dos Portugueses. S/N, Bacanga, São Luís – Maranhão-Brazil, CEP 65085-582. Accepted 18 June, 2013 Averrhoa carambola L., a species belonging to the Oxalidaceae family, is associated with neurological symptoms in individuals with renal diseases. The objective of this work was to accomplish a pre- clinical toxicological study of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from A. carambola leaves. Wistar rats and Swiss mice, both male and female, were used in these experiments. The rats were used in the acute toxicity assessment, with the extract administered at doses of 0.1 to 8.0 g/kg (oral route), and 0.5 to 3.0 g/kg (via intraperitoneal route). The mice received the extract in doses of 0.5 to 5.0 g/kg (via oral and intraperitoneal routes) and were observed for 14 days. Rats were also used in the sub-chronic toxicity evaluation, and divided into three groups (n=10): control group, HE 0.125 g/kg and HE 0.25 g/kg. These animals received HE for a 60 day period, at the end of which a macroscopic analysis of selected organs was performed with biochemical analysis of the blood. -
Chapter 1 Definitions and Classifications for Fruit and Vegetables
Chapter 1 Definitions and classifications for fruit and vegetables In the broadest sense, the botani- Botanical and culinary cal term vegetable refers to any plant, definitions edible or not, including trees, bushes, vines and vascular plants, and Botanical definitions distinguishes plant material from ani- Broadly, the botanical term fruit refers mal material and from inorganic to the mature ovary of a plant, matter. There are two slightly different including its seeds, covering and botanical definitions for the term any closely connected tissue, without vegetable as it relates to food. any consideration of whether these According to one, a vegetable is a are edible. As related to food, the plant cultivated for its edible part(s); IT botanical term fruit refers to the edible M according to the other, a vegetable is part of a plant that consists of the the edible part(s) of a plant, such as seeds and surrounding tissues. This the stems and stalk (celery), root includes fleshy fruits (such as blue- (carrot), tuber (potato), bulb (onion), berries, cantaloupe, poach, pumpkin, leaves (spinach, lettuce), flower (globe tomato) and dry fruits, where the artichoke), fruit (apple, cucumber, ripened ovary wall becomes papery, pumpkin, strawberries, tomato) or leathery, or woody as with cereal seeds (beans, peas). The latter grains, pulses (mature beans and definition includes fruits as a subset of peas) and nuts. vegetables. Definition of fruit and vegetables applicable in epidemiological studies, Fruit and vegetables Edible plant foods excluding -
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION in STARFRUIT (AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA) JUICE by LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM Anggi M. S. Siregar Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga
International Journal of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Studies Vol.3, No.1, pp.1-5, March 2017 ___Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION IN STARFRUIT (AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA) JUICE BY LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM Anggi M. S. Siregar Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga ABSTRACT: Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola) is one of fruit that grow in Indonesia widely. People consume starfruit only by eat it directly and there is no other way to consume it despite eat it directly. It has many antioxidant that can be useful for human health. Probiotics are live microbial feed supplement that affects host by improve the balance of intestinal. Most of probiotics are lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum. Probiotics can provide some health benefits such cholesterol reduction, enhanced function of gastrointestinal, lower the risk of colon cancer, and improved immune system.In this study, we successfully fermented a starfruit juice with lactic acid concentration 59025 ppm as yield 87,5%. KEYWORDS: Fermentation, Lactic Acid, Starfruit INTRODUCTION Averrhoa carambola or starfruit is an attractive, tropical, exotic, and shrub-like ornamental tree from Oxalidaceae family. The ripe fruits can freshly consumed or sometimes used to produce jelly and juice. The fruit widely used as traditional medicine for treatment some of ailments. The innovation of starfruit consumption technique is needed to enhance people to consume this fruit. It has many active compounds that help us in our health needs. Fermentation is one of process that can improve the organoleptic qualities of food. Not only that, it also can enhance the use of the food. -
Star Fruit(Carambola)
THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIA FFOORR MMAARRKKEETT AACCCCEESSSS OONN SSTTAARR FFRRUUIITT ((CCaarraammbboollaa)) CROP PROTECTION & PLANT QUARANTINE SERVICES DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE KUALA LUMPUR Technical Document For Market Access On Star fruit (carambola) October 2004 MALAYSIA 2004 Page i Ms. Asna Booty Othman, Director, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia, wishes to extend her appreciation and gratitude to the following for their contribution, assistance and cooperation in the preparation of this Technical Document For Star fruit (Carambola):- Mr. Muhamad Hj. Omar, Assistant Director, Phytosanitary and Export Control Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Ms. Nuraizah Hashim, Agriculture Officer, Phytosanitary and Export Control Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Appreciation is also extended to Y. Bhg. Dato’ Ismail Ibrahim, Director-General of Agriculture, for his support and guidance in the preparation of this Document. Technical Document For Market Access On Star fruit (carambola) October 2004 Page ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page No. Agronomy Aspects Scientific Name 1 Family 1 Common Name 1 Introduction 1 Nutrient Composition 1 Origin 2 Adaptation 2 Use And Potential 2 Marketing 2 Main Areas 3 Varieties/Clones 3 Botanical Description 3 Tree 3 Leaves 3 Flowers 4 Fruit 4 Crop Requirement 4 Climate -
Dietary Recommendations for Bariatric Patients to Prevent Kidney Stone Formation
nutrients Review Dietary Recommendations for Bariatric Patients to Prevent Kidney Stone Formation 1, 1,2, 1,2, Milene S. Ormanji y , Fernanda G. Rodrigues y and Ita P. Heilberg * 1 Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; [email protected] (M.S.O.); [email protected] (F.G.R.) 2 Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-(11)-5576-4848 (ext. 2465) Contributed equally. y Received: 27 April 2020; Accepted: 13 May 2020; Published: 16 May 2020 Abstract: Bariatric surgery (BS) is one of the most common and efficient surgical procedures for sustained weight loss but is associated with long-term complications such as nutritional deficiencies, biliary lithiasis, disturbances in bone and mineral metabolism and an increased risk of nephrolithiasis, attributed to urinary metabolic changes resultant from low urinary volume, hypocitraturia and hyperoxaluria. The underlying mechanisms responsible for hyperoxaluria, the most common among all metabolic disturbances, may comprise increased intestinal oxalate absorption consequent to decreased calcium intake or increased dietary oxalate, changes in the gut microbiota, fat malabsorption and altered intestinal oxalate transport. In the current review, the authors present a mechanistic overview of changes found after BS and propose dietary recommendations to prevent the risk of urinary stone formation, focusing on the role of dietary oxalate, calcium, citrate, potassium, protein, fat, sodium, probiotics, vitamins D, C, B6 and the consumption of fluids. Keywords: nephrolithiasis; bariatric surgery; hyperoxaluria; kidney stones; diet 1. Introduction Obesity is one of the most important worldwide public health challenges predisposing to severe comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer, sleep apnea and hypertension [1]. -
ECHO's Catalogue and Compendium of Warm Climate Fruits
ECHO's Catalogue and Compendium of Warm Climate Fruits Featuring both common and hard-to-find fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices and bamboo for Southwest Florida ECHO's Catalogue and Compendium of Warm Climate Fruits Featuring both common and hard-to-find fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices and bamboo for Southwest Florida D. Blank, A. Boss, R. Cohen and T. Watkins, Editors Contributing Authors: Dr. Martin Price, Daniel P. Blank, Cory Thede, Peggy Boshart, Hiedi Hans Peterson Artwork by Christi Sobel This catalogue and compendium are the result of the cumulative experi- ence and knowledge of dedicated ECHO staff members, interns and vol- unteers. Contained in this document, in a practical and straight-forward style, are the insights, observations, and recommendations from ECHO’s 25 year history as an authority on tropical and subtropical fruit in South- west Florida. Our desire is that this document will inspire greater enthusi- asm and appreciation for growing and enjoying the wonderful diversity of warm climate fruits. We hope you enjoy this new edition of our catalogue and wish you many successes with tropical fruits! Also available online at: www.echonet.org ECHO’s Tropical Fruit Nursery Educational Concerns for Hunger Organization 17391 Durrance Rd. North Fort Myers, FL 33917 (239) 567-1900 FAX (239) 543-5317 Email: [email protected] This material is copyrighted 1992. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited. Revised May 1996, Sept 1998, May 2002 and March 2007. Fruiting Trees, Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants Table of Contents 1. Fruiting Trees, Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants 2 2. Trees for the Enthusiast 34 3. -
Carambola and Bilimbi
Fruits - vol . 45, n°5, 199 0 - 49 7 Carambola and bilimbi. A. LENNOX and Joanne R AGOONATH* CARAMBOLA AND BILIMBI . CARAMBOLE ET BILIMBI . A . LENNOX and Joanne RAGOONATH . A . LENNOX et Joanne RAGOONATH . Fruits, Sep .-Oct . 1990, vol . 45, n° 5, p . 497-50 1 Fruits, Sep : Oct . 1990, vol . 45, n° 5, p . 497-501 . ABSTRACT - Presentation of two fruit species, the carambola (Chi- RESUME - Présentation de deux espèces fruitières, le carambolie r nese gooseberry) and the bilimbi, which belong to the genus Averrhoa , et le bilimbi, appartenant au genre Averrhoa avec référence plus with special reference to Trinidad and Tobago . The following aspect s particulière à Trinidad et Tobago . Sont abordés les aspects suivants : are discussed :botany, varieties, multiplication techniques and cultural botanique, variétés, techniques de multiplication et pratiques cultu- practices . Several physical and chemical characteristics of the frui t rales . Trois tableaux regroupent plusieurs caractéristiques physique s varieties studied are shown in three tables . et chimiques des fruits des variétés étudiées . INTRODUCTIO N Although these two species of Averrhoa have bee n introduced into Trinidad and Tobago over 100 years ago , There are two species of Averrhoa, belonging to the today there is only one commercial producing plot o f family Oxalidaceae and both are found in the tropics . The y carambola of about 0,4 hectares . This was planted in 198 4 are Averrhoa carambola and Averrhoa bilimbi, the carambo- at La Vega Estate, Gran Couva by Bert Manhin who col- la and the bilimbi respectively . lected seed material from Bankok, Taiwan, Miami, Grenada , Guyana and Cuba .