Statistical Validation of GCM-Simulated Climates for the U.S
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Zhanat Kundakbayeva the HISTORY of KAZAKHSTAN FROM
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN THE AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Zhanat Kundakbayeva THE HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN FROM EARLIEST PERIOD TO PRESENT TIME VOLUME I FROM EARLIEST PERIOD TO 1991 Almaty "Кazakh University" 2016 ББК 63.2 (3) К 88 Recommended for publication by Academic Council of the al-Faraby Kazakh National University’s History, Ethnology and Archeology Faculty and the decision of the Editorial-Publishing Council R e v i e w e r s: doctor of historical sciences, professor G.Habizhanova, doctor of historical sciences, B. Zhanguttin, doctor of historical sciences, professor K. Alimgazinov Kundakbayeva Zh. K 88 The History of Kazakhstan from the Earliest Period to Present time. Volume I: from Earliest period to 1991. Textbook. – Almaty: "Кazakh University", 2016. - &&&& p. ISBN 978-601-247-347-6 In first volume of the History of Kazakhstan for the students of non-historical specialties has been provided extensive materials on the history of present-day territory of Kazakhstan from the earliest period to 1991. Here found their reflection both recent developments on Kazakhstan history studies, primary sources evidences, teaching materials, control questions that help students understand better the course. Many of the disputable issues of the times are given in the historiographical view. The textbook is designed for students, teachers, undergraduates, and all, who are interested in the history of the Kazakhstan. ББК 63.3(5Каз)я72 ISBN 978-601-247-347-6 © Kundakbayeva Zhanat, 2016 © al-Faraby KazNU, 2016 INTRODUCTION Данное учебное пособие is intended to be a generally understandable and clearly organized outline of historical processes taken place on the present day territory of Kazakhstan since pre-historic time. -
The Five Countries of Central Asia
The Five Countries of Central Asia 55°0'E 75°0'E Kostanai Petropavlovsk 1:10 000 000 200 100 0 200 Sergeevka Kokshetau N RUSSIAN Irtyshsk Kilometers Stepniak Pavlodar FEDERATION Rudnyi 50°0'N Makinsk Aksu Zhitikara Akkol Ereimentau Dzhetyghara Atbasar Oral Esil Ekibastuz 50°0'N Ak-Say Ishi m ASTANA Irty sh Oskemen U r a Zyrianovsk l Semey Derzhavinsk Aktobe N ura Temirtau Arkalyk Chromtau Alga Karaghandy Karkaralinsk Kandygash arysu S Ayakoz Lake Zaisan Emba KAZAKHSTAN Karazhal Atyrau Emba Shakhtinsk Shalkar Balkhash Ucharal Aral S ar Lake Balkhash Ushtobe y r D ya Baikonyr Ili Tekeli PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC Kazalinsk Taldykorgan OF CHINA Fort Shevchenko Zharkent Kyzyl Orda Chui Il i Aktau Aral Sea Kapchagay Almaty Kyzylsay Zhanatas Shu Muynak Kentau Talgar Karatau Taraz Balykchy Kungrad Chimbay Turkestan Caspian Sea BISHKEK Tokmok Karakol Shymkent Talas Lake Arys Issyk-Kul Naryn 40°0'N Nukus UZBEKISTAN Lenger KYRGYZ Dashoguz Uchkuduk Naryn Urgench Tash-Kumyr REPUBLIC TASHKENT 40°0'N Chardak Jalal Abad Khiva Zarafshan Lebap Namangan Kyzyl-Kaya Akhangaran Andizhan AZERBAIJAN Turkmenbashi Nurata Gulistan Osh Khudzand Kokand Kyzyl-Kiya Ghizhduvan Djizzak Fergana Hazar Balkanabat Gazli Navoi National capital Isfara Bereket Zhuma TURKMENISTAN Bukhara Ura-Tyube Provincial/oblast capital Aktash Samarkand Kagan Ayni Kum Dag Seydi Serdar Karakul Pendzhekent Dzhirgital City Mubarek Kasan Rogun Sumb ar Shahrizabz Rivers and canals Baharly Turkmenabad Karshi TAJIKISTAN DUSHANBE Guzar Denau Airport (international) Etrek ASHGABAT Karabekevul Kulyab Murgab K Baisun Atrek ar Talimardzhan ak International boundaries um Mary Shurchi Khorog C Kerki an Tedzhen al Bairam-Ali Gaurdak Kurgan-Tyube Boundaries are not necessarily authoritative. -
Landscape and Climate Role in the Formation of Sturgeon Reproduction Biotopes in the Ural River (Zhaiyk)
E3S Web of Conferences 265, 01011 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126501011 APEEM 2021 Landscape and Climate Role in the Formation of Sturgeon Reproduction Biotopes in the Ural River (Zhaiyk) Ekaterina V. Mikodina1, *, Gulmira M. Shalgimbaeva2 and Alexander A. Volkov1 1Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russian Federation 2 Fisheries Research and Production Center, Republic Kazakhstan Abstract. Geoecology of the Ural River: landscape, climate, flora, and ichthyofaunal are given. Features of air and water temperature, winds, water sources, and balance are detailed. Information about Sturgeon fishes of the Acipenseridae family, the number of which is critical, is presented. The interaction of natural conditions and anthropogenic factors in the creature of spawning biotopes is described. 1 Introduction The Ural River flows through the territories of two countries – The Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan, i.e., it is a transboundary one. Since 2018, the Russian-Kazakh Commission has been engaged in conserving the Ural River basin's ecosystem. The state of the reserves of joint transboundary species of Caspian Sea aquatic biological resources (ABR) their study, conservation, and reproduction is a priority [1]. 2 Materials and methods Analytical and expeditionary methods were used. Expedition works were located on the Republic of Kazakhstan's territory, held 15–23 September 2016, on West Kazakhstan and Atyrau regions. The depth of the river bed at the spawning grounds was measured with a GARMIN GPSMAP 580/585 echo sounder, the current velocity was measured with an ISP- 1 hydrometric spinner at the crossings of the surveyed spawning grounds, and the water temperature was measured at the sections of the channel spawning grounds with a laboratory water thermometer. -
Water Management in Kazakhstan
Industry Report WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN OFFICIAL PROGRAM INDUSTRY REPORT WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN Date: April 2017 Language: English Number of pages: 27 Author: Mr. Marat Shibutov Other sectorial Reports: Are you interested in other Reports for other sectors and countries? Please find more Reports here: s-ge.com/reports DISCLAIMER The information in this report were gathered and researched from sources believed to be reliable and are written in good faith. Switzerland Global Enterprise and its network partners cannot be held liable for data, which might not be complete, accurate or up-to-date; nor for data which are from internet pages/sources on which Switzerland Global Enterprise or its network partners do not have any influence. The information in this report do not have a legal or juridical character, unless specifically noted. Contents 5.2. State and Government Programmes _________ 19 1. FOREWORD____________________________ 4 5.3. Recommended Technologies and Technology 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY __________________ 5 Suppliers ___________________________ 21 2.1. Current Situation with Water Resources _______ 5 6. PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN WATER 2.1.1. General Situation ______________________ 5 RESOURCES __________________________ 23 2.1.2. Stream Flow Situation ___________________ 5 2.1.2.1. Main Basins __________________________ 6 6.1. Prospects in the sphere of hydraulic engineering 2.1.2.2. Minor Basins _________________________ 6 structures __________________________ 23 6.2. Prospects in Agriculture _________________ 24 2.2. Myths and Real Water Situation ____________ 8 6.3. Prospects in the housing and utility sector _____ 24 2.2.1. Need for Canals________________________ 8 6.4. Prospects in Industry ___________________ 24 2.2.2. -
EMBA-Global Graduating Class of 2018
Graduating Class of 2018 EMBA-Global EMBA-Global Graduating Class of 2018 The world leading EMBA-Global programme is designed Class profile for experienced professionals who seek to develop the skills, knowledge and networks to operate as successful global leaders, anywhere in the world. Number of students 122 Average work experience 11 years Global reach Women 37% The EMBA-Global programme has two streams. EMBA-Global Americas and Europe is offered in Countries represented 37 London and New York by London Business School Cities represented 76 and Columbia Business School. EMBA-Global Asia extends EMBA-Global’s reach to Hong Kong and Shanghai, with the addition of The University of Hong Nationality by region Kong to the partnership. HR/Recruitment South America E-Commerce Global perspectives Australia/New Zealand Asia 24% The content and delivery Mofining EMBA-Global means that North America 23% the programme is truly worldwide and significantly Africa/Middle East Europe (excluding UK) 20% different from other top ExecutiveArchitecture/Desig MBAn programmes. Taught by internationally renowned faculty, students UKUK 13% Entertainment Africa/Middle East 9% benefit from unique insights and gain a truly international Europe Australia/New Zealand 6% perspective. Each schoolF inance/Atakesccounting advantage of its location to draw upon the surrounding business communities, SouthN America America 5% attracting distinguished guestMedicine speakers and business Asia leaders. Advertising/Media/PR Industry sector* Global format Pharmaceuticals The programme format is HR/Recruitmendesignedt to allow students to Law balance their academic commitments with demanding FinanceOther 35% E-Commerce Industry/Manufacturing 12% careers and busy personalProf essionallives. Ser Invices part one, core Advertising/Media/PR Consulting 9% classes are taught in four Morining five-day concentrated teaching periods alternatingLeisure/Retail monthly between ProfessionalPharmaceutical Servicess 7% campuses. -
Environmental Performance Reviews Kazakhstan
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Committee on Environmental Policy ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS KAZAKHSTAN UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2000 Environmental Performance Reviews Series No. 8 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city of area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.01.II.E.3 ISBN 92-1-116770-1 ISSN 1020-4563 iii Preface The EPR project in Kazakhstan had originally started in September 1997, but had to be interrupted for organizational reasons. A second preparatory mission therefore had to be organized and took place in October 2000. It resulted in a new structure for the report, which was adapted to the many changes in the country that had occurred in the meantime. The review team for the project was constituted following these decisions and included national experts from Finland, France, Denmark, Germany, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Uzbekistan, together with the ECE secretariat, UNEP and the Bilthoven Division of the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health. The costs of the participation of experts from countries in transition, as well as the travel expenses of the ECE secretariat, were covered by extrabudgetary funds that had been made available from Finland, Germany and Italy. -
Biomass Resources of Phragmites Australis in Kazakhstan: Historical Developments, Utilization, and Prospects
resources Review Biomass Resources of Phragmites australis in Kazakhstan: Historical Developments, Utilization, and Prospects Azim Baibagyssov 1,2,3,*, Niels Thevs 2,4, Sabir Nurtazin 1, Rainer Waldhardt 3, Volker Beckmann 2 and Ruslan Salmurzauly 1 1 Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan; [email protected] (S.N.); [email protected] (R.S.) 2 Faculty of Law and Economics & Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; [email protected] (N.T.); [email protected] (V.B.) 3 Division of Landscape Ecology and Landscape Planning, Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Center for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; [email protected] 4 Central Asia Office, World Agroforestry Center, Bishkek 720001, Kyrgyzstan * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 5 April 2020; Accepted: 12 June 2020; Published: 16 June 2020 Abstract: Common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.) is a highly productive wetland plant and a potentially valuable source of renewable biomass worldwide. There is more than 10 million ha of reed area globally, distributed mainly across Eurasia followed by America and Africa. The literature analysis in this paper revealed that Kazakhstan alone harbored ca. 1,600,000–3,000,000 ha of reed area, mostly distributed in the deltas and along the rivers of the country. Herein, we explored 1 the total reed biomass stock of 17 million t year− which is potentially available for harvesting in the context of wise use of wetlands. -
Petroleum Geology, Resources—North Caspian Basin, Kazakhstan and Russia
Petroleum Geology and Resources of the North Caspian Basin, Kazakhstan and Russia By Gregory F. Ulmishek U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2201-B U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Charles G. Groat, Director Version 1.0, 2001 This publication is only available online at: http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/bulletins/b2201-b/ Manuscript approved for publication May 24, 2001 Published in the Central Region, Denver, Colorado Graphics by Susan Walden and Gayle M. Dumonceaux Photocomposition by Gayle M. Dumonceaux Edited by L.M. Carter Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Contents Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 2 Province Overview ....................................................................................................................... 2 Province Location and Boundaries ................................................................................ 2 Tectono-Stratigraphic Development............................................................................. -
Kazakhstan – a Rich and Varied Landscape
Kazakhstan A Rich and Varied Landscape very day, increasing numbers of people flat and mostly treeless steppe meets the Western are turning their attention to Kazakhstan. Siberian Plain of Russia. To the west is Kazakhstan’s Its enormous hydrocarbon and mineral 1,894-kilometer Caspian Sea coastline. resources and capacity for ever-increasing Egrain production are attracting business suitors More than 47,000 square kilometers of from across the globe. And economic potential is Kazakhstan’s total area are occupied by water. The only one of the things that make this vast country country boasts of seven rivers measuring over 1,000 so notable. Measuring more than 2.7 million kilometers in length. Primary among them are the square kilometers, Kazakhstan is as large as Syr Darya, Central Asia’s largest river, flowing north Western Europe, more than twice the size of the from Uzbekistan across Kazakhstan to the Aral other four nations of Central Asia combined, and Sea; and the Ural, flowing south from the Russian the ninth largest country in the world. Moreover, its Federation to form Kazakhstan’s giant Ural River rich landscape embodies everything from rocky- Delta before emptying into the Caspian Sea. Other snowcapped mountains to dense pine forests, prominent rivers are the Chui, Emba, Illi, Irtysh, and seemingly endless steppe, and a giant inland sea. Ishim. Largest bodies of water are the Aral Sea, and lakes Alakol, Balkhash, Tengiz, and Zaisan. Upper: Big Alma-Ata Lake, or Almaty At its furthest east-to-west extent, Kazakhstan Lake, in the Bolshaya Almatinka Gorge, is almost 3,000 kilometers wide; at its furthest attracts tourists with its fresh alpine air, north-to-south, 1,500 kilometers. -
Methods of Forecasting Calculations of Breakthrough Wave at Hydrodynamic Accidents Waterstorage Dam
E3S Web of Conferences 97, 05033 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199705033 FORM-2019 Methods of forecasting calculations of breakthrough wave at hydrodynamic accidents waterstorage dam Yermekkul Zhaparkulova*, Madina Nabiollina, and Balzhan Amanbayeva Kazakh National Agrarian University Abstract. The article gives the method of calculation of water storages dam at hydro technical accidents. From natural disasters floods (flooding of water in the area and settlements) by the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon, the area of distribution and the annual material damage ranked first. Moreover, in recent years, the world has seen an increase in the number and extent of floods and the associated social and economic losses. Both at present and in the foreseeable future, floods as a natural disaster cannot be completely prevented everywhere and everywhere, they can only be weakened, localized and with timely warning to minimize material damage. Therefore, one of the largest floods in recent years, that occurred in the West Kazakhstan region in the spring of 2011 and which took place without casualties, resulted in the allocation of more than 19 billion tenge in damage recovery from damage. Unplanned and inconsistent with general measures during floods and floods, the descent of these reservoirs can exacerbate the effects of flooding. The technical condition of the channel dams is especially dangerous. In case of possible accidents on these dams, many settlements, thousands of enterprises, millions of hectares of agricultural land can get into the affected area. Based on the results of full-scale leveling surveys, forecasting calculations of the breakthrough of the water reservoir dams of Bartogay, Kapshagay and Kurty hydrounits have made. -
World Bank Document
31383 World Bank Technical Paper Europe and Central Asia Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Series Public Disclosure Authorized A Sector Study of the Joint Economic Research Program The World Bank and the Government of Kazakhstan INNOV ATIONS IN FISHERIES MANA GEMENT FOR KAZAKHSTAN Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized William Sutton Simon Diffey Tomislav Petr Kazakhstan Fisheries Sector Study • World Bank/Government of Kazakhstan 1 Final Report • May 2005 2 Standard Disclaimer/Copyright Statement Standard Disclaimer: This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Copyright Statement: The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470, http://www.copyright.com/. -
Recreational Potential of Kazakhstan and Prospects of Medical Health Tourism in This Country
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL & SCIENCE EDUCATION 2016, VOL. 11, NO. 15,8447-8469 OPEN ACCESS Recreational Potential of Kazakhstan and Prospects of Medical Health Tourism in This Country Aiman Yessengabylovaa, Assem Bekbulatovaa, Sairan Suraganovaa, Alken Bissekova and Bekarshyn Zhumanovab a L.N.Gumilev Eurasian National University, Astana, KAZAKHSTAN; b Kazakh University of Economics, Finance and International Trade, Astana, KAZAKHSTAN ABSTRACT The present article analyzes the comparative characteristics of the recreational potential of hydro areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 20 hydro areas were marked out for comparative assessment of their attractiveness and recreational possibilities of the development of medical health tourism on the basis of balneological resources. The aim of the study is to identify the areas with the high natural recreational potential, but with a low level of exploration, thus identifying the most promising areas for the development of medical health tourism. The article gives comparative characteristics of areas with health- improving resources and the level of their development to achieve this goal. The outline maps of natural and socio-economic and recreational resources of Kazakhstan and zoning were made for the purpose of comparison of the recreational potential areas on the basis on the performed analyses. As a result, the hydro mineral regions of Kazakhstan were classified into 4 groups with very high, high, medium and low-recreational potential. The presented results of the study will help to formulate proposals for the development of specific areas with a high medical-health potential. KEYWORDS ARTICLE HISTORY medical health tourism, mineral resources, therapeutic mud, Received 23 August 2016 mineral water, recreation, Kazakhstan.