Principles of Management of Impacted Teeth
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Management of Anterior Spacing with Peg Lateral by Interdisciplinary Approach : a Case Report
Case Report Management of Anterior Spacing with Peg Lateral by Interdisciplinary Approach : A Case Report Dr Sanjay Prasad Gupta Assistant Professor & Consultant Orthodontist, Department of Orthodontics, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu Correspondence: Dr Sanjay Prasad Gupta; Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Anterior spacing is a common esthetic problem of patient during dental consultation. The most common etiology include tooth size and arch length discrepancy. Maxillary lateral incisors vary in form more than any other tooth in the mouth except the third molars. Microdontia is a condition where the teeth are smaller than the normal size. Microdontia of maxillary lateral incisor is called as “peg lateral”, that exhibit converging mesial and distal surfaces of crown forming a cone like shape. A carefully documented diagnosis and treatment plan are essential if the clinician is to apply the most effective approach to address the patient’s needs. A patient sometimes requires a multidisciplinary approach to correct the esthetics and to improve the occlusion. This case report describes the management of an adult female patient with a proclined upper anterior teeth, upper anterior spacing, deep bite and peg shaped upper right lateral incisor tooth through orthodontic and restorative treatment approach. Key words: Anterior spacing, Peg lateral, Esthetic, Interdisciplinary approach INTRODUCTION Peg shaped lateral incisors occur in approximately 2% to 5% of the general population, and women show a Maxillary lateral incisors vary in form more than any slightly higher frequency than men. Usually they are found other tooth in the mouth except the third molars. If the equally on the right and left, uni or bilaterally, however variation is too great, it is considered a developmental some studies have shown their bilateral occurrence anomaly.1 Developmental alterations which are most slightly higher than the unilateral occurrence. -
Preventing Malocclusions in the 5 to 7 Year Old - Crowding, Rotations, Overbite, and Overjet
#27 Ortho-Tain, Inc. 1-800-541-6612 PREVENTING MALOCCLUSIONS IN THE 5 TO 7 YEAR OLD - CROWDING, ROTATIONS, OVERBITE, AND OVERJET Dr. Earl O. Bergersen A DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVENTIVE TECHNIQUE Preventing malocclusions from developing in the young child is easier, less costly and less prone to relapse than using standard braces at 11 or 12 years of age. There are several reasons for these differences. Crowding and rotations develop as the permanent front teeth first erupt into the mouth at 5 or 6 years of age. Once erupted into this crowded state, the fibers that secure the teeth in position develop and increase their resistance to change orthodontically as well as increase their tendency for relapse or return to their original positions once straightened. This technique of guiding the erupting teeth in straight initially then uses these resistant fibers that develop around the teeth as an ally rather than as an enemy by letting them keep the teeth straight and prevent them from becoming crowded at a later time. Also, it is easier to prevent the teeth from overerupting initially into an excessive overbite at the time of their normal eruption than to correct their positions afterwards after the fibers have stabilized then into a malocclusion. Also, the correction of vertical and/or horizontal problems such as an excessive overbite or overjet require sufficient facial growth to stabilize the correction and frequently by 11 or 12 years of age there is an inadequate amount of growth present to avoid substantial relapse (especially in the female and accelerated growing male) and may even require surgery for an ideal correction. -
Oral Diagnosis: the Clinician's Guide
Wright An imprint of Elsevier Science Limited Robert Stevenson House, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh EH I 3AF First published :WOO Reprinted 2002. 238 7X69. fax: (+ 1) 215 238 2239, e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier Science homepage (http://www.elsevier.com). by selecting'Customer Support' and then 'Obtaining Permissions·. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0 7236 1040 I _ your source for books. journals and multimedia in the health sciences www.elsevierhealth.com Composition by Scribe Design, Gillingham, Kent Printed and bound in China Contents Preface vii Acknowledgements ix 1 The challenge of diagnosis 1 2 The history 4 3 Examination 11 4 Diagnostic tests 33 5 Pain of dental origin 71 6 Pain of non-dental origin 99 7 Trauma 124 8 Infection 140 9 Cysts 160 10 Ulcers 185 11 White patches 210 12 Bumps, lumps and swellings 226 13 Oral changes in systemic disease 263 14 Oral consequences of medication 290 Index 299 Preface The foundation of any form of successful treatment is accurate diagnosis. Though scientifically based, dentistry is also an art. This is evident in the provision of operative dental care and also in the diagnosis of oral and dental diseases. While diagnostic skills will be developed and enhanced by experience, it is essential that every prospective dentist is taught how to develop a structured and comprehensive approach to oral diagnosis. -
Dental Cementum Reviewed: Development, Structure, Composition, Regeneration and Potential Functions
Braz J Oral Sci. January/March 2005 - Vol.4 - Number 12 Dental cementum reviewed: development, structure, composition, regeneration and potential functions Patricia Furtado Gonçalves 1 Enilson Antonio Sallum 1 Abstract Antonio Wilson Sallum 1 This article reviews developmental and structural characteristics of Márcio Zaffalon Casati 1 cementum, a unique avascular mineralized tissue covering the root Sérgio de Toledo 1 surface that forms the interface between root dentin and periodontal Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior 1 ligament. Besides describing the types of cementum and 1 Dept. of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, cementogenesis, attention is given to recent advances in scientific Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry understanding of the molecular and cellular aspects of the formation at Piracicaba - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São and regeneration of cementum. The understanding of the mechanisms Paulo, Brazil. involved in the dynamic of this tissue should allow for the development of new treatment strategies concerning the approach of the root surface affected by periodontal disease and periodontal regeneration techniques. Received for publication: October 01, 2004 Key Words: Accepted: December 17, 2004 dental cementum, review Correspondence to: Francisco H. Nociti Jr. Av. Limeira 901 - Caixa Postal: 052 - CEP: 13414-903 - Piracicaba - S.P. - Brazil Tel: ++ 55 19 34125298 Fax: ++ 55 19 3412 5218 E-mail: [email protected] 651 Braz J Oral Sci. 4(12): 651-658 Dental cementum reviewed: development, structure, composition, regeneration and potential functions Introduction junction (Figure 1). The areas and location of acellular Cementum is an avascular mineralized tissue covering the afibrillar cementum vary from tooth to tooth and along the entire root surface. Due to its intermediary position, forming cementoenamel junction of the same tooth6-9. -
Gene Expression Profiles in Dental Follicles from Patients with Impacted
Odontology https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0342-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Gene expression profles in dental follicles from patients with impacted canines Pamela Uribe1 · Lena Larsson2 · Anna Westerlund1 · Maria Ransjö1 Received: 9 August 2017 / Accepted: 27 December 2017 © The Author(s) 2018. This article is an open access publication Abstract Animal studies suggest that the dental follicle (DF) plays a major role in tooth eruption. However, the role of the DF during tooth impaction and related root resorptions in adjacent teeth is not clear. The hypothesis for the present study is that expres- sion of regulatory factors involved in the bone remodelling process necessary for tooth eruption may difer between dental follicles from teeth with diferent clinical situations. We have analysed the gene expression profles in the DF obtained from impacted canines, with (N = 3) or without (N = 5) signs of root resorption, and from control teeth (normal erupting teeth, mesiodens) (N = 3). DF from 11 patients (mean age: 13 years) obtains at the time of surgical exposure of the tooth. Due to the surgical time point, all teeth were in a late developmental stage. Gene expression related to osteoblast activation/bone formation, osteoclast recruitment and activation was analysed by RTqPCR. Genes related to bone formation (RUNX2, OSX, ALP, OCN, CX43) were highly expressed in all the samples, but osteoclast recruitment/activation markers (OPG, RANKL, MCP-1, CSF-1) were negligible. No apparent patterns or signifcant diferences in gene expression were found between impacted canines, with or without signs of root resorption, or when compared to control teeth. Our results suggest the DF regulation of osteoclastic activity is limited in the late pre-emergent stage of tooth development, irrespective if the tooth is normally erupting or impacted. -
Periodontal and Dental Follicle Collagen in Tooth Eruption
SCIENTIFIC ARCHIVES OF DENTAL SCIENCES (ISSN: 2642-1623) Volume 4 Issue 1 January 2021 Review Article Periodontal and Dental Follicle Collagen in Tooth Eruption Norman Randall Thomas* Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada *Corresponding Author: Norman Randall Thomas, Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada. Received: September 18, 2020; Published: October 20, 2020 Abstract occlusal position in the oral cavity while passive eruption occurs by loss of epithelial attachment to expose the clinical crown. Rodent Review of the process and mechanism of tooth eruption defines active eruption as coronal migration of the tooth to the functional teeth are considered excellent analogs of eruption because they have examples of limited and continuous eruption in the molar teeth and incisors respectively. Root resection studies on rat incisors exhibit normal active eruption rates due to a ‘force’ in the retained prime mover of eruption. Impeded and unimpeded eruption rates were grossly retarded when a collagen crosslinking inhibitor periodontal ligament (PDL). Since all four walls of the tooth and bone remain patent it confirms that the periodontium alone is the lathyrogen 0.3% AAN (aminoacetonitrile) was added to the drinking water of young 45 - 50 gm rats. Using the Bryer 1957 method of measurement of eruption it appeared that low concentrations (0.01%) lathyrogen in the drinking water of adult rats did not intrusion and dilaceration of the reference molar and incisor decreases impeded eruption in the lathyritic condition giving a false have significant retardation of unimpeded eruption rates. Histological, radiological, bone and tooth marker studies indicate that impression of increased unimpeded eruption. -
Dental-Craniofacial Manifestation and Treatment of Rare Diseases
International Journal of Oral Science www.nature.com/ijos REVIEW ARTICLE OPEN Dental-craniofacial manifestation and treatment of rare diseases En Luo1, Hanghang Liu1, Qiucheng Zhao1, Bing Shi1 and Qianming Chen1 Rare diseases are usually genetic, chronic and incurable disorders with a relatively low incidence. Developments in the diagnosis and management of rare diseases have been relatively slow due to a lack of sufficient profit motivation and market to attract research by companies. However, due to the attention of government and society as well as economic development, rare diseases have been gradually become an increasing concern. As several dental-craniofacial manifestations are associated with rare diseases, we summarize them in this study to help dentists and oral maxillofacial surgeons provide an early diagnosis and subsequent management for patients with these rare diseases. International Journal of Oral Science (2019) 11:9 ; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-018-0041-y INTRODUCTION In this review, we aim to summarize the related manifestations Recently, the National Health and Health Committee of China first and treatment of dental-craniofacial disorders related to rare defined 121 rare diseases in the Chinese population. The list of diseases, thus helping to improve understanding and certainly these rare diseases was established according to prevalence, diagnostic capacity for dentists and oral maxillofacial surgeons. disease burden and social support, medical technology status, and the definition of rare diseases in relevant international institutions. Twenty million people in China were reported to suffer from these DENTAL-CRANIOFACIAL DISORDER-RELATED RARE DISEASES rare diseases. Tooth dysplasia A rare disease is any disease or condition that affects a small Congenital ectodermal dysplasia. -
Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion
1 Clinical Significance of Dental Anatomy, Histology, Physiology, and Occlusion LEE W. BOUSHELL, JOHN R. STURDEVANT thorough understanding of the histology, physiology, and Incisors are essential for proper esthetics of the smile, facial soft occlusal interactions of the dentition and supporting tissues tissue contours (e.g., lip support), and speech (phonetics). is essential for the restorative dentist. Knowledge of the structuresA of teeth (enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp) and Canines their relationships to each other and to the supporting structures Canines possess the longest roots of all teeth and are located at is necessary, especially when treating dental caries. The protective the corners of the dental arches. They function in the seizing, function of the tooth form is revealed by its impact on masticatory piercing, tearing, and cutting of food. From a proximal view, the muscle activity, the supporting tissues (osseous and mucosal), and crown also has a triangular shape, with a thick incisal ridge. The the pulp. Proper tooth form contributes to healthy supporting anatomic form of the crown and the length of the root make tissues. The contour and contact relationships of teeth with adjacent canine teeth strong, stable abutments for fixed or removable and opposing teeth are major determinants of muscle function in prostheses. Canines not only serve as important guides in occlusion, mastication, esthetics, speech, and protection. The relationships because of their anchorage and position in the dental arches, but of form to function are especially noteworthy when considering also play a crucial role (along with the incisors) in the esthetics of the shape of the dental arch, proximal contacts, occlusal contacts, the smile and lip support. -
Overexpression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha Improves Immunomodulation by Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells Victor G
Martinez et al. Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2017) 8:208 DOI 10.1186/s13287-017-0659-2 RESEARCH Open Access Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha improves immunomodulation by dental mesenchymal stem cells Victor G. Martinez1*, Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo2, Carolina P. Ricardo3, Sian E. Harding3, Rosa Sacedon4, Alberto Varas4, Agustin Zapata5, Pilar Sepulveda2 and Angeles Vicente4* Abstract Background: Human dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as highly accessible and attractive MSCs for use in regenerative medicine, yet some of their features are not as well characterized as other MSCs. Hypoxia-preconditioning and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) alpha overexpression significantly improves MSC therapeutics, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In the present study, we characterize immunomodulatory properties of dental MSCs and determine changes in their ability to modulate adaptive and innate immune populations after HIF-1 alpha overexpression. Methods: Human dental MSCs were stably transduced with green fluorescent protein (GFP-MSCs) or GFP-HIF-1 alpha lentivirus vectors (HIF-MSCs). A hypoxic-like metabolic profile was confirmed by mitochondrial and glycolysis stress test. Capacity of HIF-MSCs to modulate T-cell activation, dendritic cell differentiation, monocyte migration, and polarizations towards macrophages and natural killer (NK) cell lytic activity was assessed by a number of functional assays in co-cultures. The expression of relevant factors were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: While HIF-1 alpha overexpression did not modify the inhibition of T-cell activation by MSCs, HIF-MSCs impaired dendritic cell differentiation more efficiently. In addition, HIF-MSCs showed a tendency to induce higher attraction of monocytes, which differentiate into suppressor macrophages, and exhibited enhanced resistance to NK cell-mediated lysis, which supports the improved therapeutic capacity of HIF-MSCs. -
Management of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Dental Setting: Concerns, Behavioural Approaches and Recommendations
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2013 Nov 1;18 (6):e862-8. Dental management of the autistic child Journal section: Medically compromised patients in Dentistry doi:10.4317/medoral.19084 Publication Types: Review http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/medoral.19084 Management of children with autism spectrum disorder in the dental setting: Concerns, behavioural approaches and recommendations Konstantina Delli 1, Peter A. Reichart 2, Michael M. Bornstein 3, Christos Livas 4 1 Oral Medicine and Pathology Specialist and Researcher, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Gronin- gen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands 2 Visiting Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland 3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland 4 Consultant, Department of Orthodontics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands Correspondence: Department of Orthodontics University of Groningen University Medical Centre Groningen Hanzeplein 1. Postbus 30.001 9700 Delli K, Reichart PA, Bornstein MM, Livas C. Management of children RB Groningen, The Netherlands with autism spectrum disorder in the dental setting: Concerns, beha- [email protected] vioural approaches and recommendations.���������������������������� Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bu- cal. 2013 Nov 1;18 (6):e862-8. http://www.medicinaoral.com/medoralfree01/v18i6/medoralv18i6p862.pdf Received: 23/01/2013 Article Number: 19084 http://www.medicinaoral.com/ Accepted: 23/05/2013 © Medicina Oral S. L. C.I.F. B 96689336 - pISSN 1698-4447 - eISSN: 1698-6946 eMail: [email protected] Indexed in: Science Citation Index Expanded Journal Citation Reports Index Medicus, MEDLINE, PubMed Scopus, Embase and Emcare Indice Médico Español Abstract Objectives: This article reviews the present literature on the issues encountered while coping with children with autistic spectrum disorder from the dental perspective. -
Anemia and Hemostatic Disorders
[Downloaded free from http://www.ijdr.in on Wednesday, August 01, 2012, IP: 125.16.60.178] || Click here to download free Android application for this journal REVIEW ARTICLE Orofacial manifestations of hematological disorders: Anemia and hemostatic disorders Titilope A Adeyemo, Wasiu L Adeyemo, Adewumi Adediran, Abd Jaleel A Akinbami, Alani S Akanmu Departments of Haematology and Blood Transfusion and ABSTRACT Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The aim of this paper is to review the literature and identify orofacial manifestations of College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria hematological diseases, with particular reference to anemias and disorders of hemostasis. A computerized literature search using MEDLINE was conducted for published articles on orofacial manifestations of hematological diseases, with emphasis on anemia. Mesh phrases used in the search were: oral diseases AND anaemia; orofacial diseases AND anaemia; orofacial lesions AND anaemia; orofacial manifestations AND disorders of haemostasis. The Boolean operator “AND” was used to combine and narrow the searches. Anemic disorders associated with orofacial signs and symptoms include iron deficiency anemia, Plummer–Vinson syndrome, megaloblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassaemia and aplastic anemia. The manifestations include conjunctiva and facial pallor, atrophic glossitis, angular stomatitis, dysphagia, magenta tongue, midfacial overgrowth, osteoclerosis, osteomyelitis and paraesthesia/anesthesia of the mental nerve. Orofacial petechiae, conjunctivae hemorrhage, nose-bleeding, spontaneous and post-traumatic gingival hemorrhage and prolonged post-extraction bleeding are common orofacial manifestations of inherited hemostatic disorders such as von Willebrand’s disease and hemophilia. A wide array of anemic and hemostatic disorders encountered in internal medicine has manifestations in the oral cavity and the facial region. -
The Development of the Permanent Teeth(
ro o 1Ppr4( SVsT' r&cr( -too c The Development of the Permanent Teeth( CARMEN M. NOLLA, B.S., D.D.S., M.S.* T. is important to every dentist treat- in the mouth of different children, the I ing children to have a good under - majority of the children exhibit some standing of the development of the den- pattern in the sequence of eruption tition. In order to widen one's think- (Klein and Cody) 9 (Lo and Moyers). 1-3 ing about the impingement of develop- However, a consideration of eruption ment on dental problems and perhaps alone makes one cognizant of only one improve one's clinical judgment, a com- phase of the development of the denti- prehensive study of the development of tion. A measure of calcification (matura- the teeth should be most helpful. tion) at different age-levels will provide In the study of child growth and de- a more precise index for determining velopment, it has been pointed out by dental age and will contribute to the various investigators that the develop- concept of the organism as a whole. ment of the dentition has a close cor- In 1939, Pinney2' completed a study relation to some other measures of of the development of the mandibular growth. In the Laboratory School of the teeth, in which he utilized a technic for University of Michigan, the nature of a serial study of radiographs of the same growth and development has been in- individual. It became apparent that a vestigated by serial examination of the similar study should be conducted in same children at yearly intervals, utiliz- order to obtain information about all of ing a set of objective measurements the teeth.