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Contributo Alla Conoscenza Della Famiglia Crambidae in Romagna (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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Contributo Alla Conoscenza Della Famiglia Crambidae in Romagna (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Quaderno di Studi e Notizie di Storia Naturale della Romagna Quad. Studi Nat. Romagna, 47: 63-128 (giugno 2018) ISSN 1123-6787 Gabriele Fiumi Contributo alla conoscenza della famiglia Crambidae in Romagna (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Riassunto Questo articolo riporta i dati faunistici di 126 specie della famiglia di Crambidae viventi in Romagna. La famiglia comprende 10 sottofamiglie: Acentropinae, Crambinae, Cybalomiinae, Evergestinae, Glaphyriinae, Odontiinae, Pyraustinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae, Spilomelinae. Le ricerche territoriali su questa famiglia di microlepidotteri ebbero inizio da Pietro Zangheri nel secolo scorso. Dopo 50 anni i dati, pubblicati dall’Autore nel 1969 e contenuti nel “Repertorio sistematico e topografico della flora e fauna vivente e fossile della Romagna”, vengono aggiornati e integrati con l’aggiunta di 31 specie. Abstract [A contribution to knowledge of the Crambidae of Romagna (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Crambidae)] Faunistic data on 126 species of Crambidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) living in Romagna region (Italy). Crambidae are a family of Microlepitoptera, subdivided into ten subfamilies: Acentropinae, Crambinae, Cybalomiinae, Evergestinae, Glaphyriinae, Odontiinae, Pyraustinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae and Spilomelinae. The first list of the Crambidae of Romagna was published by Pietro Zangheri in 1969. The present paper updates Zangheri’s survey after half a century, by adding 31 species. Introduction and Concluding Remarks are both in Italian and in English. Key words: Lepidoptera, Crambidae, checklist, Romagna, Italy. Introduzione I Crambidae sono una famiglia di microlepidotteri. Nella Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana (Minelli, Ruffo & La Posta, 1995), questa famiglia comprende 292 specie racchiuse in 86 generi. Recentemente due nuove specie alloctone sembrano essersi acclimatate in Romagna e quindi vengono aggiunte alla presente lista, trattasi di Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) e Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775). Cynaeda gigantea (Wocke, 1871) presente nel Parco Regionale della Vena del Gesso Romagnola è specie nuova per la fauna italiana. Questa indagine faunistica si limita a fare il punto su 126 specie di Crambidae viventi in Romagna; Il territorio considerato, posto al margine inferiore dell’Italia 63 settentrionale, si estende per circa 6400 km quadrati i cui confini naturali furono definiti dal naturalista Pietro Zangheri (Zangheri, 1961). Lo stesso autore nel suo “Repertorio” (Zangheri, 1969) elenca 82 specie di Crambidae oggi conservate presso il Museo di Scienze Naturali di Verona (MSNVR). Le indagini entomologiche, successive a quelle di Pietro Zangheri, sono state condotte da pochi lepidotterologi che hanno ricercato queste farfalle sia con modalità tradizionali che con moderne tecniche di attrazione (sorgenti luminose ultraviolette). Esse hanno permesso di confermare la presenza di gran parte dei taxa già conosciuti ed integrare il loro numero di ulteriori 44 specie sino ad un totale di 126 specie, pari al 44% della fauna italiana. Rispetto alla seconda metà del secolo scorso alcuni taxa, che vivevano in pianura, non sono stati più osservati ed è quindi presumibile una loro definitiva scomparsa dovuta all’eccessiva antropizzazione e all’inquinamento dell’area. L’ordine sistematico adottato segue in linea di massima la lista di Karsholt & Razowski (1996), con integrazioni dal sito: Karsholt, O. & Nieukerken, E.J. van (2013) Lepidoptera. Moths. Fauna Europaea version 2.6, http://www.fauna-eu.org Accanto ad ogni specie si riporta la numerazione della lista di Karsholt & Razowski (l.c.). Le specie conservate nella coll. P. Zangheri presso il Museo di Scienze Naturali di Verona (MSNVR) ed elencate nel “Repertorio” (Zangheri, 1969), sono state trascritte con la nomenclatura recente, lasciando fra parentesi quella che utilizzò l’Autore nel secolo scorso; le stazioni di raccolta di Pietro Zangheri precedono l’elenco dei dati aggiunti e di quelli nuovi per la Romagna. Presso il Museo Friulano di Scienze Naturali di Udine (MFSN) dove è conservata la coll. Adelmo Usvelli, sono state fatti accertamenti di alcune specie. L’esatta deteminazione di alcune specie, aventi habitus non chiaro, è stata possibile attraverso l’esame delle armature genitali. Gli apparati sono stati confrontati con quelli riportati nelle tavole di Slamka (1995; 2006; 2008; 2013), Goater et al. (2005) e Leraut (2012; 2014). Accanto ad ogni specie raffigurata nelle tavole a colori si riporta la lunghezza in millimetri dell’apertura alare. Introduction Crambidae are a family of Microlepidoptera. In the checklist of the Italian Fauna (Minelli et al., 1995) this family includes 292 species in 86 genera. Recently two additional species became acclimatised in Romagna and have been added to the list: Cydalima perspectalis (Walker 1859) and Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775). Cynaeda gigantea (Wocke, 1871), occurring in the Regional Park of the Gypsum Vein (Parco Regionale della Vena del Gesso Romagnola), is new to the Italian fauna. The present Faunal Survey of the Romagna Crambidae gives a list of the 126 species living in the region. The investigated territory, of some 6400 square 64 kilometers, is situated at the SE-corner of Northern Italy. Its peculiar naturalistic traits and its natural borders were highlighted in 1961 by Pietro Zangheri, who listed 82 species of Crambidae in his “Repertorio”, an annotated list of Romagna naturalistic heritage (Zangheri, 1969). His collections are stored at present in the Natural Sciences Museum of Verona (MSNVR). The subsequent entomological researches have been carried out by a few lepidopterists, who made collections either by traditional way, or by modern research methods as UV light. The results confirmed the occurrence of most taxa listed in Zangheri’s “Repertorio” and increased by 44 additional species the number of Romagna Crambidae, to the current value of 126 taxa, being the 44% of the Italian fauna. Nevertheless some taxa formerly occurring in Romagna plain in later 1900’s have not been found, and are supposed to be extinct, most likely because the area is extensively anthropized and heavily polluted. The systematic order here adopted follows as a rule the list by Karsholt & Razowski (1996), and the updated on-line versions Karsholt, O. & Nieukerken, E.J. van (2013) Lepidoptera. Moths. Fauna Europaea version 2.6, http://www. fauna-eu.org The number assigned to each species in the checklist by Karsholt & Razowski (1996) is shown beside each species in the list here below. The species of Pietro Zangheri’s collection in the Natural Sciences Museum of Verona (MSNVR), reported by Zangheri (1969), are listed following their current nomenclature, leaving in brackets the original names adopted by the author. The names of localities from Zangheri’s “Repertorio” are listed first, before the localities of subsequent records. Some species of Adelmo Usvelli’s collection, currently deposited in Museo Friulano di Scienze Naturali di Udine (MFSN) have been studied to confirm their identification. The correct identifications of the species with unclear habitus features have been checked by study of the genital apparatus, compared with the tables by Slamka (1995; 2006; 2008; 2013), Goater et al. (2005) and Leraut (2012; 2014). The wingspan in millimeters of each species is given in the photos of the colour tables. Abbreviazioni utilizzate nel testo MSNVR Museo di Scienze Naturali di Verona MFSN Museo Friulano di Scienze Naturali (Udine) MCFO Museo Comune di Forlì 65 CRAMBIDAE di Romagna 1 – 6165 Scoparia subfusca Haworth, 1811 (Fig. 1) In MSNVR: (= Scoparia cembrella L.) Colmano (FC), Campigna loc. La Lama (FC). (Zangheri, 1969). Dati aggiunti: 1♀, Castrocaro (FC) loc. Rio Cozzi, m 100, 25.VII.1980; (gen. praep. G. Fiumi); (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, idem 20.VII.1990; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, Marradi, loc. Badia della Valle (FI), m 430, 1. VI.1979, 1♂, idem 16.VIII.1980, (A. Usvelli leg.); 1♀, Premilcuore loc. Fiumicello (FC), m 600, 26.VII.1995; (G. Fiumi leg.) 1♂, sotto Passo del Muraglione (FI), m 750, 3.VIII.2011; (coll. G. Govi). Note: Presente nel basso e medio Appennino. Secondo Goater et al. (2005), la larva si nutre delle radici di Picris hieracioides, 2 – 6166 Scoparia basistrigalis Knaggs, 1866 (Fig. 2) Nuovi dati: 1♂, Cusercoli loc. Seguno (FC), m 400, 17.VI.1980; (G. Fiumi leg.) (P. Triberti det.); 1♂, Marradi, loc. Badia della Valle (FI), m 430, 4.VII.1980; (A. Usvelli leg.); (gen. praep. G. Fiumi). Note: Finora non segnalata in Romagna. Poco frequente vive nel medio Appennino. 3 – 6168 Scoparia ambigualis (Treitschke, 1829) (Fig. 3) In MSNVR: Pineta di Classe (RA). (Zangheri, 1969). Dati aggiunti: 1♀, Castrocaro (FC) loc. Rio Cozzi, m 100, 29. VI.1991; 1♂, idem 16.VI.1991; 1♀, idem 26.VI.1990; 1♀, idem 12.VII.1990; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♀, sopra Fantella (FC), m 550, 13.VII.1988; (G. Fiumi leg.); 2♀♀, Rocca San Casciano loc. S. Stefano (FC), m 350, 24.VI.1988; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, Acquapartita (FC), m 800, 16.VI.1996; (gen. praep. G. Fiumi); 1♀, idem 16.VI.1996; (G. Fiumi leg.); 3 ♀♀, sopra Ridracoli (FC); 21.VI.2017; 1♀, idem 26.VI.2017; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, San Benedetto in Alpe loc. Acquacheta (FC), m 800, 1.VIII.2012; (coll. G. Govi). Note: Abbastanza frequente, abita il medio-alto Appennino sino a 1000 metri. La larva si nutre di Licheni (Goater et al., 2005), 4 – 6172 Scoparia pyralella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Fig. 4) In MSNVR: (= Scoparia arundinata Thnbg. ) Ladino (FC), Passo del Muraglione (FC), Campigna loc. La Lama (FC), Sasso di Simone (PU). (Zangheri, 1969). Dati aggiunti: 1♀, Marradi, loc. Badia della Valle (FI), m 430, 5.VII.1980; (A. Usvelli leg.); (P. Triberti det.); 1♂, idem 12.VI.1980; (A. Usvelli leg.); 1♀, Rocca San Casciano loc. S. Stefano (FC), m 350, 23.VI.1988; (G. Fiumi leg.); 66 1♀, Civitella di R. loc. sotto Buggiana (FC), m 450 8.VI.1988; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♀, Monte Mauro (RA), m 450, 11.VI.1991; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, Torriana (RN), m 400, 1.VI.1991; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♀, Valico Tre Faggi (FI), m 950, 30.VI.1994; (G. Fiumi leg.); 1♂, Corniolo loc. rifugio Fratta (FC), m 1000, 15.VI.1990; (G.
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