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Background Country Reports Kosovo*

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Background Country Reports Kosovo* PRIORITY SETTING TO STRUCTURE PARTICIPATION IN THE 7TH FRAMEWORK PROGRAM BACKGROUND COUNTRY REPORTS KOSOVO* Pristina, May 2013 *This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. WBC-INCO.NET, an FP7 funded project running from 2008 to 2013 with a total of 29 project partners, aims at the enhancement of the integration of Western Balkan Countries in the European Research Area (ERA). Its core objectives are to support the bi-regional dialogue on science and technology (S&T), to identify RTDI cooperation potentials and priorities for take-up in FP and other EU programmes, to enhance participation of WB researchers in EU projects, to analyse innovation needs and barriers in the WBC, to exchange information and best practices on innovation policies and to establish closer cooperation between research and innovation. WBC-INCO.NET is being coordinated by the Centre for Social Innovation, Austria. Publisher: WBC-INCO.NET The report is a WBC-INCO.NET deliverable produced in the frame of the project's Work Package 2: Priority setting to structure participation in FP, Task 2.4: Consultation sessions. The project is co-funded by the European Community's Programme for International Cooperation under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (2007- 2013). Neither the Community, nor WBC-INCO.NET project partners and Centre for Social Innovation, as a main publisher of this report, are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Editors: Dukagjin Pupovci, Xhavit Rexhaj Design, Typesetting and Cover Illustration: Petrit Tahiri Date of publication: April 2013 Please cite this publication as: WBC-INCO.NET (2013): Priority Setting to Structure Participation in the 7th Framework Program, Background Country Reports – Kosovo. Available from: http://www.wbc-inco.net WBC-INCO.NET coordinator: Elke Dall Western Balkan Countries INCO-NET Information Office of the Steering Platform on Research for Western Balkan Countries www.wbc-inco.net c/o Centre for Social Innovation Linke Wienzeile 246, A-1150 Vienna. Austria. ZVR: 757405110 Tel: 0043-1-49 50 442 62 Fax: 0043-1-49 50 442 40 [email protected], [email protected] 2 Content Foreword…………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Health…………………………………………………………………………………….…. 7 Lul Raka Transport……………………………………………………………………………………. 33 Shaban Buza, Ramadan Duraku Environment………………………………………………………………………………. 73 Fetah Halili, Agim Gashi Information and Communication Technology…………………………….. 109 Lule Ahmedi Agro‐Food………………………………………………………………………………..… 149 Adem Demaj, Skender Kaçiu, Arben Mehmeti Social Sciences and Humanities………………………………………………….. 193 Hasnije Ilazi, Vjollca Krasniqi Energy………………………………………………………………………………………… 237 Naser Sahiti 3 Foreword Priority setting to structure participation in the 7th Framework Program is one of the key activities of the Project Coordination of Research Policies with the Western Balkan Countries (WBC‐INCO.NET). The Project is implemented in the period 2008‐ 2013 by the Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI) in partnership with 28 government agencies, academic institutions, non‐governmental organizations and private companies from the Western Balkan Countries (WBC), Turkey, and European Union * (EU). Kosova Education Centre (KEC) is the only partner from Kosovo . WBC‐INCO.NET’s core objectives are to support the bi‐regional dialogue between the EU, associated FP7 countries and the WBC and to enhance the participation of WBC researchers in European RTD projects by structural measures. The dialogue is substantiated with several analytical inputs. Top European and regional S&T analysis institutions participated in WBC‐INCO.NET to identify research areas of mutual benefit in an inclusive and comprehensive manner. The main objectives of the work‐package “Priority Setting” are to: • identify S&T priorities of mutual interest between member states and accession countries, and WBC in a consultation process following a defined methodology, • include opinions from civil society, industry, etc. in the priority setting. • adjust the priority setting to the needs and interests of the EC Cooperation Directorates and provide targeted input to the relevant initiatives and programmes run in these directorates. In course of the project implementation, seven regional thematic consultation sessions were organized. The sessions were based on background reports taking stock of the main R&D institutions, S&T systems, ongoing projects and national priorities of running programmes in the Western Balkan countries. Consultation sessions were held in the fields of • ICT (December 2008, Belgrade,) • Agro‐Food/KBBE (January 2009, Podgorica) • Health (May 2009, Tirana) • Transport (May 2009, Sarajevo and April 2011, Ljubljana) • Environment (Skopje, June 2009) • Social Sciences and Humanities (September 2011, Vienna) • Energy (April 2012, Maastricht). Three of these seminars were held back‐to‐back with European networking conferences and involved stakeholders from the main R&D institutions and running * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. 4 projects (Transport ‐ April 2011, Social Sciences and Humanities ‐ September 2011, and Energy ‐ April 2012). This book provides national background reports for Kosovo for the seven fields indicated above. The reports were written by Kosovo experts in different periods of time following the same format and discussed with all relevant stakeholders in the country. Kosovo experts also participated in thematic consultation sessions and discussed the priorities with colleagues from other WBC. The reports on ICT, Agro‐ Food, Health, Transport and Environment were used in the process of developing the National Research Program for Kosovo 2010‐2015, approved in 2010 by the Kosovo Assembly. In June 2012, WBC‐INCO.NET decided to support publication of the reports in a book, both in English and Albanian. For that purpose, the experts were asked to update their reports by including an additional (sixth) chapter which describes changes that took place in the thematic field in the meantime, its position in the National Research Program 2010‐2015 and alignment with regional priorities. It is expected that the updated reports will be used by Kosovo institutions, companies and researchers, and their partners in the Western Balkan Region and EU, to develop research project ideas. The reports have already had an initial impact on policy making, and we are confident that they will continue to inform policy making in the research and development sector in Kosovo. Similar reports for other thematic fields may be found very useful for that purpose. At this point we would like to express our gratitude to the researchers, who authored the reports in consultation with the experts from respective thematic fields and brought them for discussion in regional consultation events. Also, we would like to express our appreciation to WBC‐INCO.NET and the Project Manager, Ms. Elke Dall, for her unreserved and continuous support to our work. Prishtina, December 2012 Editors 5 Health 6 Health NATIONAL BACKGROUND REPORT ON HEALTH RESEARCH FOR KOSOVO Lul Raka, MD-PhD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina and National Institute for Public Health of Kosovo with contribution from Dukagjin Pupovci, PhD, Full Professor at the University of Prishtina, Kosova Education Center Pristina, May 2009 7 Health Acknowledgements The author is indebted to the members of the Expert Team (Prof. Dr. Isuf Dedushaj, Ass. Prof. Dr. Avdyl Krasniqi, Asc. Prof. Dr. Rexhep Hoxha, Prof.Dr. Adil Raka, Dr.Sc. Burim Neziri and Dr. Xhevat Ukaj) for their valuable discussion and contribution to this report. 8 Health List of abbreviations DALY Disability Adjusted Life Year GDP Gross Domestic Product HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome MEST Ministry of Education, Science and Technology MoH Ministry of Health NCS National Council for Science NIPHK National Institute of Public Health of Kosovo NGO Non‐Governmental Organizations R&D Research and Development S&T Science and Technology SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats TB Tuberculosis UNDP United Nations Development Program UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UCCK University Clinical Centre of Kosovo USAID The United States Agency for International Development WHO World Health Organization WB World Bank WUS World University Service 9 Health Executive Summary Research resources for addressing health problems of developing countries remain disproportionately low compared with the tremendous disease burdens borne by these countries. Kosovo, as the least developed economy in Europe, is not an exception to this rule. The scarce research resources will produce results that will be translated later into policies and action. The main objective of interventions is to use, improve, protect and restore healthcare in Kosovo. This national background report on health research was prepared in April 2009 within the framework of the Western Balkan Countries INCO‐NET project (WBC‐ INCO.net), which aims to contribute to integration of the Western Balkan countries (WBC) in the European Research Area (ERA). The initiative is supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7). The report
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