Restaurering Av Natur I Norge NINA Temahefte

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Restaurering Av Natur I Norge NINA Temahefte 42 Restaurering av natur i Norge NINA Temahefte Samarbeid og kunnskap for framtidas miljøløsninger r r Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet Dagmar Hagen og Astrid B. Skrindo (red.) Norsk institutt for naturforskning Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet - NINA Temahefte 42 Hagen, D. & Skrindo, A. B. (red.). 2010. Restaurering av natur i Norge - et innblikk i fagfeltet, fag- miljøer og pågående aktivitet. - NINA Temahefte 42. 109 s. Hagen, D. & Skrindo, A. B. (Eds.). 2010. Restoration of nature in Norway – a glimpse into the tematic field, professional institutions and ongoing activity. - NINA Temahefte 42. 109 pp. Trondheim, mars 2010 ISSN: 0804-421X ISBN: 978-82-426-2137-5 RETTIGHETSHAVER © Norsk institutt for naturforskning Publikasjonen kan siteres fritt med kildeangivelse GRAFISK FORMGIVING K. Sivertsen, NINA OMSLAGSFOTO Stort foto: D. Hagen, NINA Små foto: L S. Selvaag, D. Hagen, K. Rydgren, A. J. Hanmes, A. B. Skrindo OPPLAG 100 KONTAKTOPPLYSNINGER Norsk institutt for naturforskning (NINA) Postadresse: Postboks 5685 Sluppen, 7485 Trondheim Besøksadresse: Tungasletta 2, 7047 Trondheim Telefon 73 80 14 00 http://www.nina.no 2 Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet - NINA Temahefte 42 Forord Restaurering av naturverdier er møtt med stadig økende interesse i norske fagmiljøer, norsk forvalt- ning og blant andre brukere og forbrukere av natur og friluftsområder. Det foregår i dag restaure- ring i en mengde små og store prosjekter over hele landet, drevet fram av forskere, forvaltningen, frivillige organisasjoner eller utbyggere. Kontakt og utveksling av praktiske erfaringer, samt kjennskap til andre prosjekter og fagmiljøer er en viktig drivkraft innen dette fagfeltet. Et virkemiddel for å fremme kvaliteten og omfaget på restaurering er derfor å kjenne til hva som foregår – både praktisk og vitenskapelig. I 2008 tok Soil Conservation Services of Iceland og Agricultural University of Iceland initiativ til det nor- diske nettverksprosjektet ”Restoration of damaged Ecosystem in the Nordic countries” (RENO). Målet med RENO er å bygge nettverk både mellom nordiske forskere og prosjekter, men også mel- lom forvaltere, entreprenører og andre involverte aktører. Norske medlemmer i prosjektgruppa er Dagmar Hagen fra Norsk institutt for naturforskning (NINA) og Astrid B. Skrindo fra Statens vegvesen, Vegdirektoratet. Prosjektet er finansiert av Nordisk ministerråd og deltakerinstitusjonene i Norge, Island, Sverige, Danmark, Finland og Færøyene. En sentral oppgave i prosjektet er at hvert land skal beskrive nasjonal status for restaureringsaktiviteter i sine land. RENO var det puffet vi trengte for å lage en første oversikt over pågående restaureringsaktiviteter i Norge. Her har det ikke tidligere vært gjennomført en systematisering av restaureringsprosjekter. Samtidig er en slik sammenstilling et påskudd til å skrive litt om hva restaurering er og hvilke muligheter og utfordringer det innebærer. Fokus for RENO er restaurering etter fysiske naturinngrep og forstyrrelse i økosys- temer på land. Denne norske sammenstillinga vektlegger derfor denne delen av restaureringsfaget, men gir i tillegg eksempler på restaurering av kulturlandskap, elver og enkeltarter. NINA har bidratt økonomisk til denne sammenstillingen gjennom sitt strategiske instituttprogram ”Research tools for the management of biodiversity to meet the 2010 objectives” (REMA 2010). Heftet inneholder en kort faglig introduksjon til fagfeltet restaureringsøkologi. Deretter følger 29 artikler fra en rekke bidragsytere som beskriver sine prosjekter, aktiviteter og forskning. Alle bidragsyterne står selv ansvarlige for det faglige innholdet i sine artikler. Redaktørene har satt rek- kefølgen på bidragene, standardisert dem og skrevet det innledende kapitlet. Vi håper heftet kan bli brukt som inspirasjon og gi gode ideer til fremtidige restaureringsprosjekter, nyttige innspill i framtidige utbyggingsprosjekter og være utgangspunkt for videre faglig samarbeid. Vi ønsker å rette stor takk til alle som har levert bidrag til heftet. Det har vært utelukkende positivt å samarbeide med dere, vi har hatt gode samtaler og hele tiden god framdrift i arbeidet. Det lover godt for restaureringsarbeidet i Norge i årene som kommer! Trondheim, mars 2010 Dagmar Hagen Astrid Brekke Skrindo NINA Statens vegvesen 3 Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet - NINA Temahefte 42 Preface Restoration of natural values are met with increasing interest by Norwegian scientists, Norwegian nature management authorities and among other users of nature and recreational areas. Currently, a number of small and large restoration projects goes on all over the country, driven forward by cooporation between scientists, the nature management authorities, voluntary organizations or developers. A mea- sure to promote the quality and scope of the restoration is therefore to know what is going on – both in practical terms as well as research activities. In 2008 the Soil Conservation Services of Iceland and Agricultural University of Iceland initiated the Nordic network project ”Restoration of damaged Ecosystem in the Nordic countries” (RENO). The objec- tive of RENO is networking of scientists, policy makers, management authorities and practioners. The Norwegian members of the project group are Dagmar Hagen representing Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and Astrid B. Skrindo representing The Norwegian Public Roads Administration. The project is funded by The Nordic Council of Ministers and the participating institu- tions are Norway, Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and the Faeroe Islands. An important task in the project is to assess the extent and status of and publish national surveys of the restoration activities in their countries. RENO was the initiative we needed to make a first survey of the ongoing restoration activity in Norway. This type of assessment has previously not been conducted. At the same time, such a survey is a pretext to give an introduction to restoration and the possibilities and challenges it entails. The focus of RENO is restoration after nature interventions and disturbances of terrestrial ecosystems. The Norwegian assessment report emphasizes this type of restoration projects, but it also includes some selected examples of restoration of semi-natural vegetation, rivers and species populations. NINA har contributed to this survey asa part of the strategic institute program ”Research tools for the manage- ment of biodiversity to meet the 2010 objectives” (REMA 2010). This Thematic Booklet contains a short introduction to the special field of restoration ecology. Then fol- lows 29 short articles from a number of contributors who describe their projects, activities and research. All contributors are individually responsible for the content in their articles. The editors have put the articles together and written the introduction chapter. We hope that this Thematic Booklet may be a source of inspiration and provide good ideas for future restoration and development projects, contrib- ute to increased knowledge and future cooperation. We want to express our gratitude to everyone who has submitted contributions to the Thematic Booklet. It has been a privilege to work with you; we have had inspiring conversations and all the time we have had good progress and inspiring conversations. This is promising for the restoration work in Norway in the years to come! Trondheim, February 2010 Dagmar Hagen Astrid Brekke Skrindo NINA The Norwegian Public Roads Administration 4 Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet - NINA Temahefte 42 foto: A. B. Skrindo 5 Restaurering av natur i Norge – et innblikk i fagfeltet, fagmiljøer og pågående aktivitet - NINA Temahefte 42 Innhold Forord ................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Innledning .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Fra grønne flater til økologisk restaurering: Fortid, nåtid og framtid ...............................................................16 Haavard Østhagen og Jon Arne Eie Revegetering av steintipper i fjellet ........................................................................................................................... 20 Knut Rydgren, Rune Halvorsen og Arvid Odland Vegetasjonsetablering på tipper knyttet til Øvre Otta-utbyggingen ..................................................................22 Jon Arne Eie og Arne Hamarsland Økologisk restaurering av naturinngrep i høgfjellet og i Arktis – utvikling av metoder ................................25 Dagmar Hagen Økologisk restaurering etter naturinngrep. Metoder for vegetasjonsetablering etter utbygging av kraft- og veganlegg .......................................................................................................................................................
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