DISTRICT LINES

news and views of the historic districts council spring 2008 vol. XXI no. 3

HDC Annual Conference Eyes Preservation’s Role In The Future of New York City In Ma r c h 2008, the Historic Districts neighborhoods throughout the five bor- and infrastructure concerns. Council’s 14th Annual Preservation oughs were able to admire the recently A group of respondents to the key- Conference, Preservation 2030, took a restored rotunda, built on the land where note zeroed in on PlaNYC’s lack of atten- tion to community preservation. Partici- pants included Peg Breen, president of The New York Landmarks Conservancy; Jonathan Peters, a transportation expert from the College of Staten Island; and Anthony C. Wood, author of “Preserving New York: Winning the Right to Protect a City’s Landmarks.” “New Yorkers need more than just water to drink and beds to sleep in,” said Mr. Wood. “New York is a city of neigh- HDC Director Leo Blackman, left, moderates “Surviving the borhoods, and long-term planning for the Building Boom: Urban Neighborhoods of the Future,” featuring city has to take that into account.” Michael Rebic, Andrew Berman and Brad Lander. “Surviving the Building Boom: Urban Neighborhoods of the Future,” brought historic districts council together experts to discuss tools for pre- critical look at preservation’s role in shap- George Washington took his oath of serving the city’s historic urban neigh- ing New York’s urban environment for office as the first president of the United borhoods while providing new housing future generations. Rather than lament- States. and services for expanding populations. ing lost battles and reacting to impend- The next day, New York City Mayor Addressing out-of-scale development in ing threats, this year’s program focused Michael Bloomberg’s PlaNYC 2030 was the Village, SoHo and the Far West Vil- on establishing long-term tools and used as the basis for the Conference lage, Andrew Berman, executive direc- strategies to protect the city’s historic theme. Rohit Aggarwala, director of the tor of the Greenwich Village Society for resources before they are demolished or Mayor’s Office of Long-term Planning Historic Preservation, attributed recent fall victim to unsympathetic alterations. and Sustainability, presented the keynote loss of neighborhood character to faults The Opening Night Reception was address outlining the major tenets of the in the community-facilities bonus. By held at Federal Hall National Memorial. Plan. PlaNYC 2030 aims to prepare the granting schools, cultural institutions Nearly 150 people turned out despite the city to accommodate an additional one and hospitals special permission to build unexpected onslaught of rain that eve- million residents over the next 20 years, beyond the dimensions typical of their ning. Once inside, preservationists from specifically emphasizing environmental corresponding zoning envelopes, Mr. continued on page 6

to enshrine environmentally-beneficent downplays the intense community-based Cleaner, Greener, benchmarks in city policy, historic preser- struggle to rescue this beautiful and signifi- vation – as a strategy, tactic or even a phi- cant building from the city’s Department Fewer Landmarks losophy – is almost completely absent from of Education, which wanted to demolish it; Th e o s t e n s i b l e g o a l o f PlaNYC 2030 the document. Its one appearance is under HDC honored this laudable fight in 2000 is to provide a roadmap for the future of the Housing section’s fifth initiative, “Adapt by bestowing a Grassroots Preservation New York City. If the plan is followed, that Outdated Buildings to New Uses,” which Award upon the Coalition to Save P.S. 109 future New York will be more populated solely addresses publicly-owned proper- (Teri Slater, Ray Plumey, Gwen Goodwin, and cleaner with increased transit. It will ties. The sidebar case study, “Re-imagining David Corbin). In fact, this act of preser- have fewer cars and more trees. What it P.S. 109,” is a seemingly-innocuous story vation is back-handedly blamed for creat- won’t have is more landmarked areas. about transforming a former public school ing blight. “But in the years following the Despite PlaNYC’s laudable aim into artists’ housing. This tangent largely decision [to not demolish it], P.S. 109 sat continued on page 7 Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 2

Hdc Tu r n s t h e Sp o t l i g h t o n “Neighborhoods a t Ri s k ”

Wh i l e t h e Hi s t o r i c Di s t r i c t s Co u n c i l is dedicated to the preservation and enhancement of all of New York City’s historic resources—be they churches, bridges, apartment buildings or other- wise—our main focus is on districts. More than just a single building, historic dis- tricts concern an ensemble of structures, their relationships to one another and the history they tell together. The New York City Landmarks Law defines an historic district as an area that has “special character or special historical or aesthetic interest or value [represent- ing] one or more periods or styles of archi- tecture” and has been designated by the Landmarks Preservation Commission.

The LPC is further mandated to pre- historic districts council serve and protect buildings and areas “of The west side of Bowery, between Bond and Great Jones Streets, is include in the proposed NoHo special distinction or special historical or extension in Manhattan. aesthetic interest or value” through desig- nating and regulating landmarks and his- toric districts. still cries out for landmarking. Sunnyside However, by no means are all of the Gardens was landmarked in 2007, and When “Calendar” deserving historic neighborhoods in New Fiske Terrace/Midwood Park in March of York City landmarked. 2008. Most recently the proposed NoHo Is a Verb Increasingly, the special character and extension had a favorable Public Hearing. Pr e s e r v a ti o n i s t s a r e o f t e n a c c u s e d sense of place of these areas are under dire A dozen other neighborhoods have been of speaking in tongues, using acro- threat or direct assault from demolition, added to the list since its inception, nyms and abbreviations such as out-of-scale and garish new construction and some of them, such as Brooklyn’s ULURP, CNE and SHPO in everyday or unsympathetic alterations. Over the DUMBO and Crown Heights North conversation. It sometimes gets even past 15 years neighborhoods whose archi- neighborhoods, have been designated more arcane, with constructions such tecture and sense of place were seemingly as well. as NR-eligible and NegDec making stable for decades have moved beyond The “Neighborhoods at Risk” list is their way into meeting notes. simply being worthy of landmarking to by no means conclusive. Like the initial But one of the most obscure being seriously at risk. list, it strives for a balance of geography, terms used exclusively by New York Whereas landmark designation styles, date ranges and building types. One City preservationists is “calendar.” might once have been merely a worth- of the things that the chosen areas have The word itself, which is derived while community goal, all too often now in common, and a primary reason for suc- from the French and means a reckon- it is a vital ingredient in the continued cess, is an organized neighborhood pres- ing of time in which the divisions of life of a community. ervation campaign behind them. HDC a year are defined, is not at issue; it In 2004, HDC launched a feature on works closely with such local groups to is the use of the word as a verb that our Web site called “Neighborhoods at further their cause. By building aware- seems odd. Risk” with five threatened areas —Sunny- ness of these efforts, HDC hopes to push In almost every conversation side Gardens, Queens; Stapleton, Staten them forward on the path to designation. about a potential landmark designa- Island; Grand Concourse, The Bronx; The threats facing our city’s historic tion or an historic building at risk, Fiske Terrace/Midwood Park, Brooklyn; neighborhoods are manifold, but demoli- eventually the question is raised, and the undesignated sections of NoHo tion is obviously the most dire. Besides the “Is it calendared?” This odd query is in Manhattan. The neighborhoods, one irreplaceable loss of historic architecture, almost always followed immediately from each borough, represent a range demolition can lead to new construction by “How can we get it calendared?,” of dates, architectural styles and build- that is often out of scale and at odds with which leads to a strategy session. ing types that all speak to the history of existing buildings. While the LPC judges This conversational turn often leaves New York City. In the four years since its new structures on how their design, mate- landmark laymen somewhat at a loss launch, there has been progress. rials and scale harmonize with the his- – What is this “calendaring” that The part of Stapleton centered on toric district, no such review is required in is being referred to? Does it have St. Paul’s Avenue was designated in 2004, nondesignated areas as long as zoning something to do with fiscal years? Or while the section around Harrison Street continued on page 6 continued on page 8 Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 3

Addisleigh Park: Uncovering African-American History in Southeast Queens

historic districts council Clockwise, from top left: The homes of former Addisleigh Park residents Jackie Robinson; Rose Murphy and Slam Stewart; Ella Fitzgerald; James Brown and Cootie Williams; Milt Hinton; and Lena Horne.

In t h e s o u t h e a s t c o r n e r o f Qu e e n s , Together with the handsome architec- of this case helped open the neighbor- not far from the bustling urban heart ture, it is obvious that on its physical hood to all. of Jamaica, there is a charming, little- merits alone, Addisleigh Park warrants Lured by the promise of seclusion, known suburban-type enclave with a rich serious consideration as a potential his- quietude, space and beauty, many of the and distinctive history named Addisleigh toric district. However, the true secret newcomers were world-famous. Begin- Park. With approximately 650 houses on and fascination of this neighborhood lie ning with William “Count” Basie, the ample lots with graceful, mature trees, in its social, rather than its architectural, area would eventually become home the neighborhood is a hidden gem and history. to notables such as Lena Horne, Ella one definitely worthy of preservation Built when race-restricted covenants Fitzgerald, Illinois Jacquet, Jackie Rob- protections. dictated the segregation of the city’s inson, James Brown, Joe Louis, Milt Addisleigh Park was largely de- neighborhoods, Addisleigh Park even- Hinton, Roy Campanella, Cootie Wil- veloped in the 1930’s as part of the tually transformed from an exclusively liams and many others. pre-World War II building boom that white neighborhood into one of New Today Addisleigh Park continues to shaped large swaths of eastern Queens. York City’s premier African-American be a much-beloved home to a commu- The neighborhood lies in a rough triangle enclaves by the early 1950’s. nity of middle- and upper-middle-class between Linden Boulevard on the south, Beginning in 1946, the NAACP African-American teachers, attorneys, the tracks of the Long Island Rail Road sought to challenge the legality of the doctors, politicians, entrepreneurs and on the east, Sayres Avenue on the north area’s racial-ownership restrictions, other professionals. and Marne Place on the west. Typical of and two years later the New York State Given Addisleigh Park’s rich and the era, the area possesses fine examples Court of Appeals handed down a deci- largely unrecognized history, the Histor- of English Tudor-style and neo-Colonial sion that helped overturn this offensive ic Districts Council has partnered with Revival houses, many of which are quite practice, permitting Mr. Samuel Rich- the Addisleigh Park Civic Organization sizable (some with as many as eight bed- ardson, an African-American merchant to research and document the neighbor- rooms). Architecturally, the buildings are from Manhattan, to purchase a house hood’s story. remarkably intact with few examples of from Ms. Sophie Rubin on 177th Street Generous grants from Preserve New inappropriate alterations or teardowns. in the neighborhood. Many civic and York, a grant program of the Preserva- Original materials such as stucco, wood trade organizations, including the Amer- tion League of New York State and the siding and stone are predominant. ican Veterans Committee, the American New York State Council on the Arts, A walk along Murdock Avenue, its Jewish Congress, the National Lawyers and from the National Trust for Historic principal street, reveals a pristine and Guild and the Committee of Catholics Preservation’s Northeast Office have en- attractive community. The broad, sweep- for Human Rights, submitted amicus abled HDC to hire two consultants to ing, well-manicured lawns, the charming briefs detailing the evils of segregation, study the neighborhood’s social history landscaping and the near complete lack of and although a number of affluent and as well as its physical development. fences combined lend a graciousness not notable African-Americans were already The historians are currently conduct- often found in similar neighborhoods. living in Addisleigh Park, the resolution continued on page 9 Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 4

A Preservation Manifesto: Tony Wood on His New Book

Vi r t u a l l y e v e r y p r e s e r v a ti o n g r o u p but then I realized that the Bard Act, Writing the book recharged my bat- in New York City has benefited some- which made landmarks laws possible, teries and gave me tremendous cause for how from Anthony C. Wood’s eloquence was passed in 1956. hope. I realized how many past preserva- and generosity during his three-decade tionists didn’t just assume that the politi- career in preservation advocacy and Who was Bard anyway? cal tide was against them; they never gave philanthropy. Wood, executive direc- up. They refused to accept the inevitabil- tor at the Ittleson Foundation, which It turns out that Albert S. Bard was ity of losing buildings and neighborhoods funds projects combating AIDS, foster- a lawyer and civic leader with significant that they cared about so passionately. ing mental health and improving the inherited wealth. In 1913 he proposed This year I’m chairing a yearlong initia- environment, spent the 1980’s working an amendment to the state constitution tive called Preservation Vision New York at the Landmarks Preservation Com- allowing the government some control City, to engage the preservation com- mission, the Municipal Art Society and munity in thinking about its future. It’s the J. M. Kaplan Fund. He has headed or partly in response to Mayor Bloomberg’s served on nonprofit boards including the PlaNYC 2030, which barely mentions Historic Districts Council, the Preser- preservation. vation League of New York State, Part- Preservation Vision began with a ners for Sacred Places and the New York survey on the internet gathering infor- Preservation Archive Project. His first mation from a broad range of preser- book, “Preserving New York: Winning vationists on such concerns as: What the Right to Protect a City’s Landmarks” threats and opportunities face preserva- (422 pp., Routledge, $45), engagingly tion now? Which ones might emerge in explains how varied activists—including the future? How should preservationists bluebloods, architects, artists and hip- respond? Are there approaches by other pies—fought side by side from 1913 to cities that we should adopt? Are govern- 1965 for legislation to protect landmarks. ment incentives for preservation needed? The volume, as Mr. Wood explains in Will we have enough trained restoration this interview, is part meant as a mani- craftspeople in the future and if not what festo, inspiring preservationists to think do we do about it? critically about their past and future. What trajectory do you think it’s on? How did you get interested in the topic? Anthony C. Wood Personally, I’m interested in strategic issues, like how and when should we take While I was working at the Land- over a building’s aesthetics, and he kept off our gloves in our battles? How can we marks Commission and the MAS— pushing for that radical concept—it was emphasize our core values while also show- learning about city government, the passed in 1956, when he was 89 years old. ing how preservation advances other social threats to the Landmarks Law, the goals? And such questions as what new clashes between the real-estate commu- What other colorful characters did funding sources and incentives can we cre- nity and preservationists, the best ways you end up studying? ate to advance preservation? Also during to organize grassroots activism—I kept the project we’ll convene some 20 emerg- trying to understand the history that I George McAneny; he was a for- ing preservation leaders at the Rockefeller was becoming part of. mer borough president who fought for Brothers Fund’s Pocantico Conference a decade against Robert Moses to save Center to help analyze the survey results Did you find anything about preserva- Castle Clinton. And there’s Robert C. and tease out of them an “idea bank”— tion history? Weinberg, a planner, architect and lec- actions that preservation needs to take to turer who especially fought for planning be a vital city force in 2030. The idea bank In the 1980’s, I tape-recorded inter- advances and to protect Greenwich Vil- will be expanded, refined and brought back views with some major early players— lage. I kept finding these wonderful, to the preservation community for devel- Harmon Goldstone, Geoffrey Platt, creative, witty, often irascible individu- opment, discussion, debate and prioritiz- Margot Gayle—and some of them were als. The book is meant partly as a fam- ing. We’ll release a final report by the end published in Village Views (a periodical of ily history—these are our preservation of 2008. The goal is to get the preservation the Society for the Architecture of the ancestors. community thinking longer-term—beyond City). I pursued the history of preserva- next Tuesday’s Landmarks Commission tion in my every idle moment. I realized hearing, or the next mayoral administra- there were stories that needed to be told. How did examining preservation tion. History shows that transformational I’d originally thought that everything history change your attitude toward ideas in historic preservation take years to just dates back to Pennsylvania Station, where the field is headed now? realize. Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 5

HDC Auction Highlights Little- Known Modernist Masterwork

Wh i l e Ne w Yo r k Cit y has achieved a respectable record of preserving its Beaux- Arts Gilded Age, the masterworks from the post-WWII decades are still greatly unrec- ognized and unprotected, which is why the Historic Districts Council hosted this year’s Auction for Advocacy at the Edgar J. Kaufmann Conference Center, designed by renowned Finnish architect Alvar Aalto. Proceeds from the April 3rd event will historic districts council support the League of Preservation Vot- Attendees at the Auction for Advocacy. ers, an HDC initiative aimed at educating elected officials and candidates about pres- Street Block Association kept the atmo- sioned “Fallingwater” from Frank Lloyd ervation and development issues within sphere lively. Wright. Aalto’s resulting design is typical their districts. Alvar Aalto (1898-1976), one of the of the architect’s best work. While enjoying panoramic views of the most important Finnish architects of The space is an artistic entirety; East River and the United Nations, guests the 20th century and a central figure in everything in it was designed and pro- had the opportunity to bid on an array of International Modernism, was famous for duced by Aalto to create a harmonious items, ranging from behind-the-scenes his marriage of the naturalism of Finnish effect. Serene and light-filled, the curved tours of historic houses to original art- Romanticism with modernist ideals. The forms of ash and birch create an abstract work to a vacation at a private Puerto Rico Conference Center is the only example of forest-like sculpture of sinuous bent estate. Guest auctioneer George McNeely this master’s work in New York City and wood. Combined with blue porcelain tiles of Christie’s presided over the main event, one of only four of Mr. Aalto’s structures and modern yet humanistic lighting, the and pianist Arthur Abrams of the East 12th remaining in the United States. Conference Center is without a doubt an

DISTRICT LINES news and views of the historic districts council

editor ~ Katrina Miles art and production ~ Moom Luu editorial consultant ~ Jack Taylor contributors ~ Eve M. Kahn, Simeon Bankoff, historic districts council Lauren Belfer, Frampton Tolbert, Kristen Morith, Nadezhda Williams, Jane Cowan Auction guests watch the bidding in action. staff ~ Simeon Bankoff, Executive Director Frampton Tolbert, Deputy Director HDC is advocating for the landmark architectural gem. Lauren Belfer, Community Coordinator Kristen Morith, Nadezhda Williams, designation of these rooms and petitions This proposed interior landmark Preservation Associates in support of designation were on hand at was heard at the Landmarks Preserva- no part of this periodical may be the auction event to resurrect the public tion Commission nearly seven years ago, reproduced without the consent campaign to preserve this worthy modern on November 20, 2001. Today the Center of the historic districts council. interior. still lies in preservation limbo, eagerly The Historic Districts Council works Located within the Institute for awaiting the LPC's official designation. to ensure the preservation of significant historic neighborhoods, International Education at 809 United Until then, this space remains vulner- buildings and public spaces in Nations Plaza, the rooms were commis- able, unprotected and largely unknown New York City, uphold the integrity of sioned in 1961 by Edgar J. Kaufmann Jr., to many New Yorkers. For more informa- the New York City Landmarks Law and further the preservation ethic. a scholar and patron of modern architec- tion on how you can help save the Aalto ture and design whose family commis- rooms, E-mail us at [email protected]. Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 6

sented his own New York’s neighborhoods will surely efforts to rezone suffer if a holistic approach to planning is portions of Queens not embraced now for the future. Other and critiqued the featured tours included the Far West Vil- frequent med- lage and Lower East Side in Manhattan; dling of politics Flushing, Queens; and the High Bridge, with locally based the original conduit for the city’s water planning initia- supply that connects Manhattan’s Wash- tives. Susan Siegel, ington Heights with The Bronx. former executive director of the Neighborhoods a t Ri s k Flatbush Develop- continued from page 2 ment Corporation requirements are met. Over the past and a participant decade, numerous important free-stand- Tour-goers enjoy “After the Plan: Greenpoint and Williamsburg,” led by in the Municipal ing, wood-frame houses have been replaced Ward Dennis of the Williamsburg Greenpoint Preservation Alliance. Art Society's Flat- by brick boxes in Old Astoria Village, once

historic districts council bush 2030 initia- one of the city’s largest intact pre-Civil tive, discussed how War communities. Broadway-Flushing, an the Flatbush 2030 coalition is creating early-20th-century suburban-type neigh- o n f e r e n c e C its own community-based goals for sus- borhood in northeast Queens, had 11 tear- continued from page 1 tainability beyond those laid forth in downs in 2007 alone. Their replacements Berman said the city’s zoning laws con- PlaNYC. do not share the same natural materials tinue to compromise the integrity of For the last panel, a wide range of and level of detail of the originals. these renowned historic areas. technical preservation tools and avail- Areas bordering landmarked districts Focusing on New York City’s decline able financial-assistance sources were are often at particular risk. The cachet and and subsequent resurgence, Brad Lander, introduced to the audience and debated stability of an historic district can make a director of the Pratt Center for Commu- at length. Less a discussion than an in- neighborhood more attractive, but regu- nity Development, framed his presenta- depth “how to” session, this panel pro- lations can make development difficult. tion within an historical context, looking vided attendees with an arsenal of strat- Instead, properties on the borders are at population increases and the rise in egies for protecting their communities eyed where the benefits of landmarking immigration as key factors for the swell- and the city’s historic resources. Juan can be enjoyed without the responsibili- ing demand for housing stock. Mr. Lander Camilo-Osorio, GIS analyst and planner ties. This is evident in the proposed NoHo underscored ongoing conflicts among at the Municipal Art Society, discussed extension, sandwiched between the NoHo market forces, the preservation of neigh- geographic information systems, or GIS, and NoHo East Historic Districts, where borhood character and the importance as a tool for understanding the relation- landmark-worthy buildings along Bond of achieving equity, whether through ship of preservation, zoning and develop- Street have fallen prey to much larger con- affordable housing or an increase in job ment in a more complete way. struction of incompatible styles. opportunities. The panel concluded with Jay DiLorenzo, president of the Pres- Alterations to existing buildings also Michael Rebic, property manager of the ervation League of New York State, gave set a neighborhood at risk of losing its char- Episcopal Diocese, who addressed the an overview of the Historic Homeowners acter. While an historic building may still church’s willingness to preserve its his- Tax Credit and its benefits. Passed in the stand, new materials like stucco or vinyl toric properties so long as it receives ade- state Legislature in 2007, the credit is still siding can quite literally change its look quate support from individual congrega- in its nascent stage. and feel. If part of a row, the alteration can tions and the surrounding community. The third and final panelist, Ste- interrupt the flow of the original design “Building It Out: Suburban Neigh- ven McClain, president of the Trust for across a continuous facade. In neighbor- borhoods of the Future” examined the Architectural Easements, discussed pres- hoods that were planned and designed threats to the city’s more suburban-style ervation easements as another, voluntary as a unit, such as the recently designated neighborhoods in Brooklyn, Queens method of encouraging preservation Sunnyside Gardens, small alterations like and Staten Island, with teardowns and activities. enclosing a porch or adding a pathway can subdivisions becoming more and more Complementing the discussions, have a large impact. common and entire communities being HDC sponsored six walking tours the In today’s development and real-estate transformed against their will. The following day to illustrate the issues climate, nearly all of New York City’s engaged, lively discussion featured plan- raised during the panel sessions. From undesignated neighborhoods are at some ner John Shapiro, who acknowledged the the massive new construction brought risk of loosing the special physical charac- city's successful efforts to rezone certain on by the upzonings of Greenpoint and teristics that draw residents to the com- suburban-type neighborhoods and high- Williamsburg in Brooklyn, to the loss of munities. By naming particular areas to the lighted specific projects he has worked historic Victorian houses in Richmond “Neighborhoods at Risk” list, HDC hopes on in Brooklyn and Staten Island. Hill, Queens, this year’s tours high- to keep them in the foreground until their HDC President Paul Graziano pre- lighted the types of transformations all safety is assured. Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 7

fact, some extraordinarily desirable areas, HDC Celebrates Lisa Ackerman such as SoHo or the Ladies’ Mile, would not exist in their current form without the as Our 19th Landmarks Lion prescient landmarking that preceded their The Lion Award ceremony was held on October 24, 2007, at the Prince George revitalization. Jane Jacobs put this idea suc- Ballroom in the Madison Square North Historic District, Manhattan. cinctly by saying “old ideas can use new

All photos: Virgil Stephens buildings but new ideas need old buildings,” and 43 years of landmark preservation have shown this to be true. Setting aside the demonstrable effect that landmark designation has on the long- term health of a neighborhood, another good reason to include preservation as strategy in planning for New York’s future is its environmental effects. It has been estimated that up to 70% of the waste- stream that our country produces annually is construction debris. By recycling build- ings for new uses rather than demolishing them, we would actually be reducing the city’s waste. Furthermore, new building materials—such as aluminum and plastic— Historic Districts Council Executive Director Simeon Bankoff; Stacy McLaughlin; Frank E. typically require a greater expenditure of Sanchis III, senior vice president of the Municipal Art Society; and honoree Lisa Ackerman. energy to manufacture than do traditional building materials such as plaster, glass and wood. By choosing newer materials, the overall energy expenditure for the con- struction of new buildings is far greater than the restoration and rehabilitation of existing ones. Existing historic buildings, when maintained properly, are also more energy-efficient to heat and cool than are modern buildings, as the former were built with lower-impact technology (e.g., oper- able windows rather than central air-con- ditioning). Finally, preservation practices require skilled labor and typically funnel Alexander Popovich, senior project manager at Essex Works, and Denise Brown of the Crown more money into local economies than Heights North Association raise their glasses to toast the new Lion. does transporting pre-made construction materials to a building site. Truly, the green- Cl e a n e r , Gr e e n e r ... The vast majority of these properties are est building is the one already built. continued from page 1 privately-owned and the Landmarks Com- The goal of PlaNYC 2030 is to ensure mission acts by regulating private proposals a higher quality of life for generations of abandoned” and “The building wasn’t being to alter these buildings. The agency issues New Yorkers to come. The best way to do utilized” are two comments that appear in over 9,000 alteration permits a year, which that is to begin with respecting the gifts the story. The lesson being taught here is should dispel any kneejerk concerns about left to us by generations of previous New that preservation stands in the way of prog- “freezing the city in amber” or “halting Yorkers. ress and is an obstacle to be surmounted. development” or whatever version of pres- This argument reveals a real paucity of ervation-impedes-progress that is currently SAVE THE DATES understanding of the goals of preservation making the rounds. The reality is that the as it is practiced in New York, as well as a agency oversees some of the most desirable HDC’s monthly Coffee Talk series: troubling short-sightedness of the actual and valued neighborhoods and real estate first Monday of every month conditions that exist in preserved areas of in New York City, including but not limited the city today. On a municipal level, the to portions of Brooklyn Heights, the Upper Neighborhood Preservation Center Landmarks Preservation Commission – the East Side, Greenwich Village, Park Slope, 232 East 11th Street, Manhattan city’s own preservation agency – currently Douglaston, the Empire State Building and 8:30am oversees and regulates around 25,000 prop- Rockefeller Center. All of these properties Visit our Web site at erties in all five boroughs, which is roughly have actually blossomed and flourished www.hdc.org for details. 3% of the real estate property in New York. under Landmarks regulations. In point of Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 8

Wh e n “Ca l e n d a r ” Is... continued from page 2 PRESIDENT’ S COLUMN pin-up models? In fact, “to calendar” is a neologism Th e o n e t h i n g that makes New York City that is derived from Department of great and so appealing to people all over the Buildings (DOB) terminology. How this globe is its ability to adapt to change with- came to be reveals an intricacy of the out losing its identity. So far. landmarks process that gives wide-reach- While the city has always been a place ing, but curiously limited, protections to of transformation, we are currently expe- historic buildings. riencing helter-skelter development not The municipal process of designating seen—or tolerated—by our government a property as a landmark is fairly straight- since before the turn of the 20th century. forward, at least on paper. The Land- From the southernmost tip of Staten marks Preservation Commission holds a Island to the northernmost neighborhood Denise Cermanski Public Hearing on a proposed individual in The Bronx, the sheer amount of new Paul Graziano landmark or historic district, then makes construction has not only visually altered a decision based on the property’s merits our city but has destroyed important build- and takes a vote to designate. If the major- ings, streetscapes and communities that had Take, for example, St. Saviour’s Church, ity votes yes, the new landmark travels remained relatively intact for decades and, a Carpenter Gothic country church to the City Planning Commission to be in some cases, centuries. Additionally, much designed by Richard Upjohn in 1847 that reviewed and then the City Council to of the new construction that is occurring was sited on two wooded acres in a part of be affirmed, modified or overturned. In has proven to be illegal and shoddily built. Maspeth, Queens, that is farther away from terms of land-use processes, this appears This surge in unfettered development has “park” space than any other neighborhood relatively simple. However, what happens altered the way in which both residents and in the five boroughs. However, when the is a little more complicated. visitors respond to New York City’s built property was placed on the market for When the LPC receives a Request environment. development, the Parks Department for Evaluation (and it receives hundreds However, the Bloomberg administra- refused to acquire the site for public use. of requests annually), senior staff and tion has a plan—a framework—for New Currently being disassembled, this historic the Commission chairman determine York City’s future development, entitled church may only be saved through an whether the property (or area) meets PlaNYC 2030. eleventh-hour agreement due to the incred- the criteria for designation. If this group Described as a forward-looking eco- ible moxie of community activists. But, in a determines that a proposed historic prop- friendly blueprint that features more “envi- general sense, what happens when buildings erty merits further consideration, a pho- ronmentally friendly” new construction, and sites like this are not acquired, restored tograph, statement of significance and energy-saving retrofitting of existing build- or otherwise protected in their hour of need the committee’s recommendation are ings, the planting of new trees and increased by our government? sent to each individual Landmarks com- acquisition of rare open space, there is vir- It is as if the current administration missioner for comment. Ultimately, how- tually nothing in PlaNYC 2030 that calls is only interested in the most superficial ever, the decision whether to bring the for additional protection—and increased aspects of our city, not how it actually func- property forward to the full Commission designation—of historic neighborhoods tions. Nor does PlaNYC 2030 seem to take for review is made by the chairman. and individual buildings of importance. The into consideration the economic and social The full Commission reviews such specific reference to preserving historic impact that the denigration of the history potential landmarks at Public Meetings, buildings suggests adaptive reuse of city- and character of our neighborhoods will where it can vote to schedule a Public owned properties, such as schools, hospitals have on us—New Yorkers. Hearing on properties for further review. and the like, regardless of historic value if HDC’s recent Conference, “Preser- Thus, an item is put “on the calendar” it is convenient. Without including a well vation 2030,” took a hard look at whether for a future Public Hearing. Now, here’s thought-out preservation plan, PlaNYC PlanNYC 2030 was a visionary concept where the Department of Buildings 2030 neglects an extremely important part or merely a vehicle for more development comes in. of New York City’s environment. wrapped in “eco-friendly” packaging. The According to Operations Policy and How will this affect our historic—and jury may still be out for some, but based Procedural Notice #19/88, issued by the non-historic—neighborhoods? How will on the program’s presentations and their Department of Buildings on July 6, 1988, the city respond to the increased—and ensuing discussions, a healthy debate will “the LPC shall notify the DOB whenever increasingly desperate—outcry for more be continuing on this subject for years to a new historic district or individual build- historic districts and individual landmark come. That New York City will continue to ing is calendared.” In addition, when a designations, particularly outside of Man- grow and change is a given. But if steps are construction, alteration or demolition hattan? And what about properties with not taken to protect our historic neighbor- DOB permit is applied for, the clerk “will high inherent “green” potential that also hoods and buildings, by 2030 the city, as we check the computer records to determine happen to be incredibly important from know it, may no longer exist. continued on page 9 an historical perspective? —Paul Graziano Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 9

Wh e n “Ca l e n d a r ” Is... continued from page 8 if the premises has been calendared by the LPC.” If the property is calendared, the LPC will be immediately notified by the DOB that a permit has been applied for, and LPC “will have 40 days from the date the application is filed to consider the case and, if necessary, to vote on its designa- tion. If within the 40 days the building is designated as a Landmark or a Landmark District immediate notification should be sent to DOB. DOB will then advise the applicant to obtain the required LPC per- mits.” In other words, if a building is calen- dared, LPC has 40 days to act to desig- nate it to prevent the issuance of a Build- historic districts council ings Department permit. A “pin-up model” for calendaring—the 1854 James and Lucy Elwell House at 70 Lefferts Place This procedure has led to such last- in Brooklyn was saved from demolition in December 2006 by the Landmarks Commission’s minute rescues as the Italianate villa at speedy calendaring and designation. 70 Lefferts Place in Brooklyn, which was literally saved from a demolition permit by a lightning-fast designation vote by the tinue with the review and approval pro- likely to happen within a calendared his- LPC in December 2006. However, “at the cess.” Thus, the LPC must act within 40 toric district because the agency might end of the 40-day period, if no response days or else the permit may be issued in be hard-pressed to be able to designate a is received from the LPC, DOB will con- full. While rare, this scenario is most large area within the 40-day window.

Ad d i s l e i g h Pa r k continued from page 3 ing research and gathering information that they will compile into a baseline research document. In addition to such material as original building records, architectural drawings, historic news ac- counts, period advertisements, property records and photographic images, the team will also in- terview some of the long-time residents. These oral and written histories will provide rich details that paint a full picture of life in this picturesque neighborhood. One of the goals of the project is to create an informational and advocacy brochure that will educate the public about the historic and cultural significance of Addisleigh Park and con- tribute to the general understanding of New York City’s social and cultural history and devel- opment. The research will also provide the basis for possible future preservation initiatives, such as attaining New York City historic-district sta- tus or listing on the State and National Registers of Historic Places. HDC expects this project to be completed in fall 2008. For more information and updates, visit our Web site at www.hdc.org/ Addisleigh Park Civic organization addisleighpark.htm. Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 10

Cemetery, Historic House Trust Preservation Consultants, Kyle Johnson, Delores Clarke, Recent Gifts of New York City, Institute Montalbano Initiatives, Nancy Mervyn Clay, Heide-Rose of Classical Architecture & Owens Studio, Nicholson & Cleary, Kenneth R. Cobb, And Grants Classical America, Jackson Galloway, Page Ayres Cowley Christopher Collins & Bob Al l c o n t r i b u ti o n s by Heights Beautification Group, Architects, Platt Byard Dovell Kulikowski, James S. Collins, government, foundations, Jackson Heights Garden White Architects, Preserv, Fleurette Colucci, Jane Cowan, organizations, companies City Society, Kew Gardens Public Art & Urban Design, Julia P. Cowing, Andrea and Friends of the Historic Civic Association, Maple Quint, Miller & Company, Crawford, Doris Cruz, Angela Districts Council are very Grove Cemetery, Municipal Raphael & Marks, Robert D’Aiuto, Felicia Davey, Suzanne much appreciated. Many Art Society, Murray Hill Silman Associates, Sean O’Kane Davis, Georgia Delano, Thomas thanks to those who gave in the Neighborhood Association, Architect, Superstructures, De Martini, Marie De Palma, period from July 2007 through The New York Landmarks Thomas Fenniman Architect, Gregory Dietrich, Maureen February 2008: Conservancy, Northeast Walter B. Melvin Architects, & Donald Dillon, Matthew Regional Office of the Wank Adams Slavin Associates, Dionne, Kim Doggett, David A. Government: New York City National Trust for Historic West New York Restoration of Doheny, James Dolan, Andrew Council Member Vincent Preservation, Preservation CT, Winter Hill Associates. Scott Dolkart, Christine Gentile, 43rd District; New League of New York State, Friends: Jean Ackerman, Lisa Donovan, Daniel J. Donovan, York City Council Member Queens Borough Public Library, E. G. Dooley, Thomas K. Jessica Lappin, 5th District; Ackerman, Carol Albert, Betsy Queens County Farm Museum, & Michael Alderman, Nedda Duane, Florence D’Urso, New York City Council Richmond Hill Historical Franny Eberhart, Mary Ann Member Michael McMahon, & Igou Allbray, Ethel Allen, Society, St. Mark’s Historic David Alquist, Annice M. Alt, Eddy, Melissa Ehlinger, Bruce 49th District; New York City Landmark Fund, Society for Ehrmann, Melissa Elstein, Mark Department of Cultural Affairs; Daisy & Wilfredo Alverio, the Architecture of the City, Jan C. K. Anderson, Marsha Emerson, Barbara Epstein & New York State Assembly Society for Clinton Hill, Kevin McEvoy, Kellie Eserts, Member Richard N. Gottfried Anderson, O. Kelley Anderson Stuyvesant Park Neighborhood Jr., Ann Anielewski, Charlotte P. Richard Estes, Aline & Henry 64th District; New York State Association, Sunnyside P. Euler, Stephen A. Facey, Council on the Arts; New York Armstrong, Hunter Armstrong, Gardens Preservation Bernadette Artus, Susan Ball, Lee Gunn Falchi, Mr. & Mrs. State Senator Diane J. Savino, Alliance, 10th & Stuyvesant Nicholas Falco, Carol & John 23rd District. Leonora M. Ballinger, Penelope Streets Block Association, Bareau, Edith Bartley, Douglas Fallis, Linda S. Ferber & Joel Foundations: DJ McManus Times Square Alliance, Tudor Baxter, Hillary Beattie, Maria Berson, Theodore Fernandez, Foundation, Gramercy Park City Association, Turtle Bay & William Becce, Laurie Adelaide Ferraro, James G. Foundation, The J. M. Kaplan Association, Union Square Beckelman, Clare & Fred Ferreri, Marjorie Ferrigno, Fund, James A. Macdonald Community Coalition, West Beckhardt, Patricia Begley & Mimi Findlay, Patricia Fisher- Foundation, The James Marston End Preservation Society, West George Beane, Barry Benepe, Olsen, Henry Flax, Ronald Fitch Charitable Foundation, 54-55 Street Block Association, Wayne A. Benjamin, Ann Flemming, C. A. Frankel & Joseph Feldschuh Foundation, West Village Committee, World L. Bennewitz, Judith I. & J. S. Griffin, Naomi Freistadt, The Kandell Fund, The New Monuments Fund. Joel Berger, Dennis Bertland, David Freudenthal, Andrew York Community Trust/Windie Companies: A. Ottavino Brigitte Miriam Besos-Rezak Friedman, Stephen Friedman, Knowe Fund, Samuel H. Corporation, Acheson Doyle & Ira Rezak, Rebecca Binno, Ann Walker Gaffney, William Kress Foundation, Stainman Partners, AKRF, Beyer Andrew S. Birsh, Minor Gambert, Sarah Gamble & Family Foundation, Trust for Blinder Belle Architects & Bishop, Samuel Bishop, Leo Chris Neville, Roberta Gardner, Architectural Easements, Planners, Bresnan Architects, J. Blackman & Kenneth T. Margaret H. Gardiner, Agnes Anonymous (1). Building Conservation Monteiro, Jessica Blemker, Gautier, Joannie Geraghty, Mark Goldberg, Liz & David Organizations: Alice Austen Associates, Century 21 Sunny John Blondel, Ann Bobroff, Goldfarb, dorris gaines golomb, House Museum, The Beaux Gardens Realty, Cetra/Ruddy, Françoise Bollack & Tom Rena & Richard E. Golub, Arts Alliance, Brooklyn Cutsogeorge Tooman & Allen, Killian, Jeffrey Borer, Allyson Lorna & David Goodrich, Heights Association, Carnegie Douglas Lister Architect, Bowen, Ann Bragg, Mrs. & Mr. Constance M. Goodyear, Hill Neighbors, Central Park East End Woodstrippers, Ed William B. Brannan, Eddie Jennifer Gordon, Susan & Marc Conservancy, Citizens for Tristram Associates, Essex Brazil & William Ernest Baltz, Gottridge, Christabel Gough, Cambridge/Oxford Historic Works, Façade Maintenance Mary A. Brendle, Norman I. Roberta Brandes Gratz, Paul District, Crown Heights Design, Fradkin & McAlpin Brock, Alexander Brodsky, Graziano, Alison G. Greenberg, North Association, Ditmas Associates, Françoise Bollack Hal Bromm & Doneley Meris, Elizabeth & Jonathan Park Association, Douglaston/ Architects, Geto & deMilly, David Brown, Edward Brown, Greenburg, Mary L. & Bradford Little Neck Historical Society, GMG Publishing Corporation, Jane & William Brown, Mary M. Greene, Judie Grimaldi & DUMBO Neighborhood Higgins, Quasebarth & B. Brown, Phyllis R. Brown, Neil Cohen, Lee F. Gruzen, Association, East Side Rezoning Partners, Historic Doors, David C. Burger, Roger Byrom, Polly Guerin, Edward Gurewitz, Alliance, Fisher Landau Insight Associates, Integrated George Calderaro, Catherine Mary Habstritt, Ann M. Hadley, Center for Art, Fiske Terrace Conservation Resources, Cahill & William Bernhard, Julia & James Hall, Jo Hamilton, Association, Fort Greene Interiors by J. C. Landa, Jan Ellen & Martin Cammer, Bruce Toehl Harding, Susan Harris, Association, Friends of Terra Hird Pokorny Associates, Linda Campbell, Leona Capless, Angela Marie Hayob, Lee A. Cotta, Friends of the Upper Yowell Architects, Li/Saltzman Millicent Carpentieri, Merry Hebi & Kenneth Nassau, Laura East Side Historic Districts, Architects, Magnusson Low Chang, Lauren Charles, Heim & Jeffrey A. Kroessler, Gramercy Neighborhood Architecture & Planning, Mary Joseph Chehebar, Helen Chin, Olga Karlovna Heisler, Lucile Associates, The Green-Wood B. Dierickx Architectural Gail Cimino, Carol Clark & Historic Districts Council District Lines ~ Spring 2008 ~ page 11

& Bernard Helfat, Joseph Levy, Meredith Lewin, Barry W. Phillips, Diane Phillpotts, Albert Monroe Stinchcomb, Hellmann, Cheree Himmel, S. Lewis, Jack Linn, John G. Warrie Lynn Price, Sharr Meryl Stoller, Nelson M. Claus W. Hirsch, Steven Hirth, Lipsett, Phyllis & Walter Loeb, Prohaska, Paul R. Provost, Stoute, Matilda Stream, Linda Victoria Hofmo, Mark Hollis, Jennifer C. Loftus, Christopher Rosamond Putnam, Nicholas & John Stubbs, Mr. & Mrs. Linda Holverstott, Susan W. London, Alice Lundoff, Quennell, Shepherd Raimi, Sanford Suchow, Arthur Ochs S. Hopper, Michael Hoyt, Ken Lustbader, Margaret M. Paul Ranogajec, Katherine J. Sulzberger, Kristin A. Summers Kathleen Hulser, Elizabeth Ellis Madden, Martin Maier, Erika Rayner, Harold Reed, Joan & & Mark L. Andrews, Joseph Hurwitt & Elliott S. Hurwitt, & Joseph E. Manifold, Carol James Regan, Beatrice Rehl, V. Svehlak, Mary Elisabeth Anna Iacucci, Rosalee Isaly, Marian, Jessica Marlow, Jane Betty Reiser, Lenore Rey, Liz Swerz, Jack Taylor, Simon Jo-Ann Jacobs, Rickie James, Marx, Elaine Masci, Marianna & Herbert Reynolds, Patricia Rolf Thoresen, Stephen Tilly Joe Jaworski, Shirley Ferguson Mather, Susan Mathisen, Riccio, Barbara Ritchin, Julie & Elizabeth Martin, Susan Jenks, Diana Jeram, Shirley Katrina Maxtone-Graham, Robbins & Joseph Pierson, Irma Tirotta, Barbara & Donald Johns, Linda C. Jones, Susan Maureen W. McCarthy, Faith Rodriguez, Bob Roistacher, Tober, David F. M. Todd, Henshaw Jones, Mary Kay Judy, McCurdy, Richard McDermott, Joan V. Rome, Robert Rosen, David J. Trachtenberg, Susan John S. Jurayj, Stephen Jusczuk, Celia & Henry McGee, John Joseph Rosenberg, Melissa & Charles Tribbitt, Sophia Ingrid Kaminski, David I. McGovern, Patricia McHugh, Rossner, David Rumsey, LaVerdiere Truslow, Susan Karabell, Ilene & Gary Katz, Stacy McLaughlin, Jessie Diane Russell, Stephen Tunick, Marie Turley, Nancy Herbert Kaufman, Claudia McNab, Jeffrey Meck, Ronald Saitas, Margaret F. Salamone, Turner, Mr. & Mrs. Ronald Kavenagh, Katherine Keating L. Melichar, Marjorie Melikian, Randy A. Sandlin & David Unger, Edan G. Unterman, & Larry Schreder, Regina Joyce A. Mendelsohn, Albert M. Shanton, Kerrick Saski, Philip Van Aver, Anne Van Kellerman, Peter Kennard, Messina, Pauline Metcalf, Jeffrey A. Saunders, Charles Ingen, Deborah Van Steen, Isobel Kennedy, Laura & Henry Joseph Meyer, Janet Miceli Savage, Martica R. Sawin, Gary James Van Westering, Daniel Kennedy, Nora & John Kerr, & Michael G. Tekel, Barbara Scharfman, Barbara Scheiner, Verdier, Sandi & Art Viviani, Joy M. Kestenbaum, Joy Kieras, & Roger Michaels, Payne W. Stephen K. Scher, Julia Cynthia Wainwright, Sean Mark Kiley, Shirley Maytag Middleton, Dorothy Marie Schoeck, Ellie Schoenbaum, Walsh, Arete B. S. & William B. King, Edward S. Kirkland, Miner, Dianne Modestini, Minna Schraff, Katherine Warren, Joan A. Watters, Lynne Stephen Kirschenbaum, Judith Edward Mohylowski, Lisa & Larry Schreder, Marilyn & Avrom S. Waxman, Vicki Klein, Marion & Frederick Mueller & Michael Gannon, Schulman, Herbert J. Schwarz, Weiner, Christina Wilkinson, C. Kneip, Constance Koenig, Jonas Nachsin, Kenneth Patricia Bakwin Selch, Peter J. Marillyn B. Wilson, Beth Dorothy Koppelman, Mr. & Nassau, Nicholas Nicoletti, Serritella, John Shapiro, Patricia Windsor, Richard Winn, Gil Mrs. Robert Kornfeld Sr., Allan Gerard O’Connell, Norman B. Sherwood, Mel Siegel, Winter, Michael Wolf, Alex F. Kramer, John Krawchuck, Odlum, Robert W. Ohlerking, Mark Sielucka, Mr. & Mrs. Bill & Kevin Wolfe, Katherine Mr. & Mrs. Henrik Krogius, Debra Olsen, Vals Osborne, Sievers, Bruce A. Silberblatt, B. Wolpe, Anthony C. Wood Deborah Krulewitch, Wendy Edward Parran & Jim Guidera, Robert A. Silver, Joanne & Anthony Badalamenti, & Michael Kutzin, Mary Lane Andrew Paul, Gary Paul, Simon, Elizabeth Simpson, Teri Kate Wood & David Sprouls, & Paul Cristello, Margaret Marlene Payton, Nancy & Otis Slater, Michael Smith, Patricia Suzanne Wray, Elise H. Wright, Latimer, Layla Law-Gisiko, Pearsall, Marjorie Pearson, Snyderman, Alan Solomon, Dianne E. Young, Sybil Young, Mariana & Larry Leighton, Marianne & Brian Percival, Aaron Sosnick, Valeria Sowell, Penny Zahler, Lionel Ziprin, Mr. & Mrs. Edwin Leonard, J. Marilyn Perry, Jeanette & Mr. & Mrs. Thomas E. Spath, Sally Auer Zunino & F. Anthony David Lesenger, Richard Levin, Stuart Pertz, Jacqueline Beverly Moss Spatt, Amy & Zunino III, Anonymous (1). Sandra & Alan Levine, Mimi Peu-Duvallon & Mason V. C. David Steck, Tracy Stein, David Levitt, Adam Levy, Barbara Stark, John J. Phillips, Robert Steinberger, Carol M. Stewart,

Become a Friend of the Historic Districts Council!

Join the Friends of HDC! Become our partner Name and help preserve New York City’s significant Address neighborhoods, buildings and public spaces. City/State/Zip Consider me a Friend of HDC! Here is my gift of: E-mail

$50 ___ $100 ___ $250 ___ Other $____ Credit card payments may be mailed to our office or faxed to 212-614-9127. If your billing address is different from the one Make your check payable to Historic Districts above, please add it below. Council and mail to us at 232 East 11th Street, New York, NY 10003. For information, call 212-614-9107. American Express ___ MasterCard ___ Visa ___

HDC is a 501(c)(3) organization. Contributions to it Card Number are tax-deductible to the full extent of the law. A finan- Expiration Date cial report may be obtained from the New York State Department of State, 41 State Street, Albany, NY 12231. Signature

Historic Districts Council DISTRICT LINES

In this issue:

p. 1 HDC Annual Conference Eyes Preservation’s Role in the Future of New York City

p. 1 Cleaner, Greener, Fewer Landmarks

p. 2 When “Calendar” Is a Verb

p. 2 HDC Turns the Spotlight on “Neighborhoods at Risk”

p. 3 Addisleigh Park: Uncovering African-American History in Southeast Queens

p. 4 A Preservation Manifesto: Tony Wood on His New Book historic districts council Detail of the Aalto-designed interior of the p. 5 HDC Auction Highlights Little-Known Modernist Masterwork Kaufmann Conference Center. Article, page 5. p. 7 HDC Celebrates Lisa Ackerman as Our 19th Landmarks Lion

p. 8 President’s Column

p. 10 Recent Gifts and Grants

NONPROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE PAID DISTRICT NEW YORK, NY LINES Permit No. 3732 news and views of the

HISTORIC DISTRICTS COUNCIL

the advocate for new york city’s historic neighborhoods

232 East 11th Street New York NY 10003 tel 212- 614-9107 fax 212- 614-9127 e-mail [email protected] www.hdc.org