Advanced Course Television Course: Advanced course television Teacher: Ton te Slaa Date: 31-10-2016 Toetscode Name: Kylian Dirkse Name: Joelle van Schaik Studentnumber:2223401 Studentnumber: 2414171 Class: COAC4C Class: COAC4C Name: Alyssa Jongenengel Name: Melissa de Kok Studentnumber: 2320398 Studentnumber: Class: CEAC4B Class:COAC4 Name: June Da Jung Im Studentnumber: 3147657 Class: Exchange Table of content Research Research on Public Television Research on Commercial Televison Research on VOD Target group analysis 2 Research Research Public Television The history of Public Television According to Bruggeman, R (2012). Public television started on October 2th 1951. There came a tv decision in where it was arranged that television-broadcasters need a license. Broadcasts had to make sure that the safety of The State and the public policy were not harmed. Broadcasts could be taken by the minister. For the transmission time de NTS came alive. In the first Televisonnota was arranged that only broadcasters within the cooperation of the NTS were allowed to broadcast. The televisiondescion of 1956 made sure that the NTS had their own licence to create the overall program. They got a minimum of 25% of the total broadcasting time. They also got the taks of the government to create neutral programmes such as ‘Het Journaal’ and sports. (OverNPO, 2016) In 1960 all of the big broadcasters had between de 400.00-500.000 The NTS stands for ‘Nederlandse Televisie Stichting’ and was the first Dutch television broadcaster and was the precursor of the current NPO and foundation NTR. The NTS was created on May 31th 1951 by the broadcasters AVRO, KRO, NCRV and VARA. The goal of the NTS is to achieve a huge possible collaboration on the terrain of television, due to advance the arrangement of the transmission time, so that each broadcasters has equal broadcast time. In 1969 the NTS collaborated together with the ‘Nederlandse Radio Unie’ and they became the NOS. (Beeld en Geluidwiki, 2016) What is Public television? Public television is an organisation, which is created by the government to send information via television as a communication medium to a big audience. The government uses this to communicate to the people or to let the people communicate to themselves. The goal of public television is to educate and inform the people. The public television is being paid with government money, which eventually is paid by the viewers. The public television has a a purpose to spread objective, integer and independent information. Public television pays more attention to art, culture and actual news. They serve more expensive programs for a small target group. Public television often get a tasks from the government to make certain programs, for example for minorities or about art and culture. The commercials which are being send on the public television are from STER. (OverNPO, 2016) STER The STER stands for ‘Stichting Ether Reclame’ and maintains the commercial for the Dutch Public Broadcasting system. With a part of the profit a part profit the costs of the public broadcasters is being paid. In 1965 the SUR (Stichting tot Uitzenden van Reclame ) was established, but in 1967 the name was changed into STER. The main plan was to show commercials before a after the 3 news. But in the end of the 80’s more commercials were added before and after programs. Until 1991 there were no commercials on Sunday. Ster is allowed to show no more than 10% on a year basis and 15% on daily basis of commercials based on the total broadcasting time. They are not allowed to show commercials during programmes. The commercials are strictly divided from the broadcaster’s programs and the commercials are not allowed to influence the programs. The caretaker for commercials is the ‘Stichting Reclame Code Comissie’. (STER, 2016) The public television also has a mission and vision. - Mission: The NPO connects and enriches the Dutch audience with programs that inform, inspire and entertain. - Vision: The Dutch Public Broadcasting connects you with the world around you. The NPO is for everybody! (OverNPO, 2016) Dutch Public Broadcasting system The Dutch Public Broadcasting system is a cooperation of organisations who take care of the public financed Dutch radio- and television broadcasters The Dutch broadcasting system consists of the NPO (Nederlandse Publieke Omroep) and the public broadcasters. The Media Law arranges how the transmission time is divided, in where the board of the NPO is in charge. The NPO is divided in NPO1, NPO2, NPO3, NPO Zappelin and NPO Zapp. (OverNPO, 2016) The Dutch Public Broadcasting system gets money from the government. In 2011 the budget was 785 million euro. De money that came out of commercials was in 2008 226 miljoen euro. The current situation (Wikipedia, z.d.) 4 In Holland de national transmission time is divided over several different broadcasters. We make a differentiation in three kind of broadcasters: - Members broadcasting: the broadcasters get transmission time based on the amount of members they have. - Job broadcasting: have a set task made by the government. They have no members. The biggest job broadcaster in Holland is the NOS. - 2.42-broadcasters: Broadcasters who serve programmes based on religion. These will disappear in 2016. (OverNPO, 2016) Below you see the entire broadcast list divided into these three kinds of transmission time. (Wikipedia, z.d.) Facts & Numbers on Public Television - In 2013 the government has decreased the budget for public television with 200 million euros. - NPO was decreased with 173 million euro - NPO is one of the most commercial public broadcasters from Europe. - Nederland 1 was the first broadcaster created on October 2th 1951. 5 - 1967 the first commercial was shown on tv and the colour TV was invented - ‘Commissariat from the media’ keeps an eye on the broadcasters. The differences between Public television and Commercial television - Public television is created by the government and commercial television is not. - Public television is paid by the government and the commercial tv gets money from commercials. - The goal of public television is to speak objective, integer and independent information and the primary goal of commercial television is to make money. - Public television has more programs for a small target group and serve more attention to news, art and culture. Commercial television pays more attention to sports, films and amusement. Research Commercial Television Definition of commercial television Stands of public broadcasting that broadcast programs are funded entirely by advertising revenue and sponsorship, and therefore are interrupted periodically for advertising. The viewer or listener cannot become a member of such a broadcast. (Encyclo, n.d.) History In 1951 television was introduced for the first time in Holland. Here they are aware of the commercial initiatives in England and Luxemburg and are going to think about their own commercial stations. In 1964 on an oilrig, there is broadcasting commercial television for the first time by the Advertising Operating Company (in Dutch, the REM). The government does not agree with this and let the broadcasting halt. The REM was going to be part of the public television. Until 1989 before the stations as RTL-Véronique and TV10 become an official television station. In that time there cannot be a commercial station in Holland, because of the government. They want to protect the public station as much as possible. in 1990 RTL-Véronique is renamed as RTL4 and it became a great success. Since the nineties of the past century there are different stations published at television, like SBS6 and Net5. There is a clear difference between commercial television and public television, as captured in the media law. This has to be sure that there is a good and varied media proffer in Holland. (Robbesom, 2014) TV channels RTL 4, RTL 5, RTL 7 and RTL 8 amuse and inform seven days a week, 24 hours a day many viewers. SBS Broadcasting B.V. (SBS) is part of ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG and held in the Netherlands three Dutch commercial television (NET 5, SBS 6 and Veronica). Also Veronica Litho, SBS Productions and Teletext companies SBS Text VOF and Veronica / Jetix Text VOF are part of the company. (NBF, n.d.) RTL: Our strength lies in good cooperation, both internally and externally. Therefore, we are always looking for active interaction. By uniting their knowledge and skills, by learning from each other and to look beyond our own department and our own company, we create chances and stay competitive. (RTL, n.d.) SBS: In the changing media landscape SBS is building for the future. We want everyone, of any age, anywhere and at any time on our content can and will tune. We do this with a lot of creativity, enthusiasm and energy. (Mönnink, n.d.) 6 Brands of SBS: SBS6: Tuning to SBS6 does recover along a busy day, relax and watch TV to keep abreast of the news. SBS9: Surprisingly good movies and series, SBS9 is for the lovers. Net5: Net5 is surprisingly different, moreish and full of ambition. Veronica: Veronica seduces the viewer with big blockbusters, foreign quality series (comedy, action, crime) and contemporary reality programs. (SBS, n.d.) Commercials The sales companies of the channels ensure the sale of available airtime to advertisers. They set the rates for the coming period so that advertisers can determine the basis of a list which times they want to purchase. Broadcasting a commercial of 30 seconds will cost an average of € 3000, - based on a time that few viewers get to see the commercial. Broadcasting a commercial at a time when many viewers get to see the commercial can increase costs to around € 40,000 to € 50,000, -. (Juul, 2015) Research Video On Demand What is VOD ? VOD (Video On Demand) are systems, which allow users to select, and watch/listen to video or audio content when they choose to, rather than having to watch at a specific broadcast time.