History 393: Medieval Church and State
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History of France Trivia Questions
HISTORY OF FRANCE TRIVIA QUESTIONS ( www.TriviaChamp.com ) 1> In what year did the twelve-year Angevin-Flanders War end? a. 369 b. 1214 c. 1476 d. 1582 2> Which English King invaded Normandy in 1415? a. Henry V b. Charles II c. Edward d. Henry VIII 3> Where was Joan of Arc born? a. England b. Switzerland c. Germany d. France 4> Signed in 843, the "Treaty of Verdun" was an agreement between Charles the Bald and whom? a. Charles the Simple b. Louis the Stammerer c. Louis the German d. Odo 5> Eleanor of Aquitaine was the Queen of France from August 1137 to March 1152. During this time, whom was she married to? a. Louis VI of France b. Philip II of France c. Louis VII of France d. Philip I of France 6> Which country massacred the French garrison in Bruges in 1302? a. Spain b. Germany c. The Country of Flanders d. England 7> What sport did Louis X play? a. Croquet b. Cricket c. Tennis d. Golf 8> How was Charles V known? a. Charles the Wise b. Charles the Short c. Charles the Simple d. Charles the Bald 9> Which French King suffered from mental illness, which earned him the name "The Mad"? a. Benito b. Charles VI c. Louis II d. Phillip I 10> Where is the Basilica of St. Denis? a. Bordeaux b. Toulouse c. Paris d. Tours 11> Who was holding Leonardo da Vinci when he died? a. Eleanor of Aquitaine b. Francis I c. Napoleon d. Cardinal Richelieu 12> Home of Louis XIV, where is the famous Sun Palace located? a. -
Berta Ai Piedi Grandi : Historical Figure and Literary Symbol1 Leslie Z
Berta ai piedi grandi : Historical Figure and Literary Symbol1 Leslie Z. Morgan Loyola College Berta ai piedi grandi is one of the few chansons de geste with a female in the title—five out of the 86-100 normally listed in chanson de geste repertoires. She also shares a title; of the six chansons de geste listed with two characters as a title, Berta e Milone is one.2 In St. Mark’s Ms. Fr. 13 (henceforth, Geste Francor), a manuscript compilation probably dating to the first half of the fourteenth century, Berta occupies 1753 lines of verse (out of 17,067 total), about 10%; together with Berta e Milone, where the younger Berta is a major character, a female figure dominates 13% of the manuscript text. A female figure this conspicuous has, as might be expected, drawn critical attention.3 Critics reading Berta have worked primarily with Adenet le Roi’s late thirteenth-century Old French version, Berte aus grans piés. They have concentrated on two issues: 1) the historicity of the figure (where she came from, who she really is) and 2) her literary relationship with Charlemagne. In comparing various versions of the Berta story (which exist in French, Latin, Spanish and German as well as Italian), different solutions to the two issues have been proposed, but without a conclusive result. Recently, Krauss’s volume (translated into Italian in 1980) has suggested a third issue: the socio-cultural meaning of differences between the Geste Francor Berta poem and the Old French version. Several historical studies provide useful background to the literary texts of Berta . -
Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York
promoting access to White Rose research papers Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ This is an author produced version of a paper published in The Journal of Ecclesiastical History. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/10455 Published paper Thompson, K. (2009) The other Saint Bernard: The 'troubled and varied career' of Bernard of Abbeville, Abbot of Tiron, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 60 (4), pp. 657-672 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022046909990042 White Rose Research Online [email protected] The Other Saint Bernard: the ‘troubled and varied career’ of Bernard of Abbeville, Abbot of Tiron ‘A troubled and varied career.’1 Such is David Knowles’ assessment of Bernard of Abbeville, founder of the abbey of Tiron, which lies in the wooded landscape of the Perche region between Alençon and Chartres in western France.2 Bernard’s career is conventionally coupled with those of Robert of Arbrissel and Vitalis of Mortain, all of them important figures in the ascetic revival in monasticism which gripped western Europe in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries.3 Yet while the Fontevraudine and Savignac affiliations that derived from Robert and Vitalis’s activities have been much discussed, there is no major history of the abbey of Tiron. The rigour of Bernard’s approach to monastic life, however, was much admired by contemporaries, including the kings, Henry I of England, David I of Scotland and Louis VI of France. His abbey of Tiron was the source for over a hundred communities throughout France and perhaps surprisingly in Scotland, Wales and England.4 The speed with which these daughter houses were established over such a broad area was remarkable, but the impetus was not sustained, and the so-called ‘Order of Tiron’ had ceased to be an influential force within the western monastic tradition by the beginning of the thirteenth century. -
Names Index 3I
Name Index An “f” following a page number indicates a figure on that page A Aaronsohn, Aaron, 196–97 Abbas, Mahmoud, 213f Abd al-Rahman al-Ghafiqi, 169 Abdel Kader Haidara, 296 Abdelkader El Djezairi, 257–58, 258f, 264–65 Abdi, Mazloum Kobani, 50 Abdul Aziz bin Baz, 316–17 Abdul Rahman, Kambir, 103, 103f Abdulaziz ibn Saud, 63f, 68f, 71f on Arab freedom, 66–68 betrayal of Sharif of Mecca by, 69–70 invasion of Hejaz, 71f, 71–72 as vassal king, 65–69, 67f, 70f, 73, 79–80, 210, 265, 344, 349 Wahhabism and, 62–64, 66–67 Abdullah ibn Saud, 58–59, 59f, 61 Abraham (patriarch), 350 Abrams, Elliot, 346 Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, 8, 9f Abu al-Qasim bin Abbad, 340 Abu Bakr al-Razi, 8, 10f, 74, 310, 341 Abu Tayi, Auda, 37, 38f Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, 117 Abu Yaqub Yusuf, 268f Abulcasis, 8, 9f Acocella, Joan, 122 Adams, Abigail, 19f Adams, John, 19, 19f, 269 Adityanath, Yogi, 330 Ahmad Shāh Durrānī, 335f Aimery, 163 Aisha, 342 Akbar, 328–29, 332 Akkad, Moustapha, 262–63, 263f Al Thunayan, Effat, 85f Alexander the Great, 109, 109f, 351 Alexander VI, 267 Al-Farghani, 268f Alfonso VI, 340 Alfraganus, 268f Al-Hasan ibn Ali, 33 Al-Haytham, 6, 7f, 16 Al-Husayn ibn Ali, 311–12 Ali (caliph), 31, 59, 116, 269, 310–13, 341 Al-Idrisi, 268f Al-Kamil, 182–84 al-Khalili, Jim, 5 Al-Khwarizmi, 5, 5f, 16 Allenby, Edmund, 38–40, 39f–40f, 48, 80, 127–28, 197 Al-Mansur, 4 Almond, Ian, 27 Al-Razi, 8, 10f Alys (Philip Augustus' sister), 174–75 Al-Zahrawi, 8, 9f Ambrose, 111 Anderson, Scott, 48 Applebaum, Anne, 133 Arafat, Yasser, 210 Arden, Elizabeth, 310 Aristotle, 14, 269 Armstrong, Karen, 178 Asbridge, Thomas, 145, 149–50, 153 Asquith, H.H., 41 al-Assad, Bashar, 51 al-Assad, Hafez, 50 Aurangzeb, 329, 332 Averroes, 14, 15f Avicenna, 8, 8f B Baccarat, 310 Baibars, 185–86, 186f Baker, James, 220 Baldwin IV, 162, 162f, 164, 166 Balfour, Arthur, 43, 43f–44f, 49, 83, 91, 128–29, 308, 344. -
Loyalty, Friendship and Love in the Letters of Fulbert of Chartres
LOYALTY, FRIENDSHIP AND LOVE IN THE LETTERS OF FULBERT OF CHARTRES Date of reception: 251h of April, 2007 Final date of acceptance: lFhoi Decemher, 2007 In letter 51 of his correspondence, Fulbert of Chartres oIfers a definition oIfdeli- tus which has long been nsed by historians to describe feudal-vassalic relations. 1n al1 of his correspondence, Fulhert expreses this social bond by using an elaborate vocabulary of friendship and emotions. He thus qualifies social relations descrihed as an elernent of vassalage and loyalty and gives them a moral content. He defines amicitia, particularly for the attention of William of Aquitaine, by emphasising its "usefnl" aspect and stressing its ohjective, honestum or the common good, terms that have already been found in his 51" letter to definefdelitas. Friendship is therefore a natural corollary of the relationships of loyalty within the clergy or in the secu- lar world. In the same way relationships of loyalty are coupled with the use of the vocahnlary of affecíus, which conveys the ideals of peace and the common good, heralded by the Bishop of Chartres in feudal society at the beginning of the 11th century. Fulhert de Chartres, Faithfulness, Friendship, Peace, Love. Fulbertus Carnutinus, Fideliias, Amicitia, Pax, Cantas. The letters of Fulbert, bishop of Charires between ahout 1006 and 1028, are a fundamental source of knowledge about the organisation of feudal society. Indeed, this bishop, appointed by l<ing Robert the Pious, following his position as scolaster of Chartres and reputed for bis erudition and piety, left 131 letters which are con- cerned with particular problems of a legal, ecclesiastical and religious nature. -
Latin Grammar in the Cathedral School: Fulbert of Chartres, Bonipert of Pécs, and the Way of a Lost Priscian Manuscript
Quidditas Volume 22 Article 4 2001 Latin Grammar in the Cathedral School: Fulbert of Chartres, Bonipert of Pécs, and the Way of a Lost Priscian Manuscript Elöd Nemerkényi Erasmus Institute, Notre Dame Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Renaissance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Nemerkényi, Elöd (2001) "Latin Grammar in the Cathedral School: Fulbert of Chartres, Bonipert of Pécs, and the Way of a Lost Priscian Manuscript," Quidditas: Vol. 22 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra/vol22/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Quidditas by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Latin Grammar in the Cathedral School: Fulbert of Chartres, Bonipert of Pécs, and the Way of a Lost Priscian Manuscript Elöd Nemerkényi Erasmus Institute, Notre Dame HE STARTING POINT OF THE CLASSICAL tradition in medieval Hun- gary is marked by a letter written by Bishop Fulbert of Chartres in TNorthern France to Bishop Bonipert of Pécs in Southern Hun- gary.1 In this letter, dated by its editor to 1023, Fulbert assured his col- league, Bonipert that he was going to send him one of his copies of Priscian: “Our son and your faithful servant Hilduin has told us of your gestures of charity toward us and dutifully stated that you would like one of our copies of Priscian. -
St. Symeon the New Theologian and Western Dissident Movements
http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.02.12 Studia Ceranea 2, 2012, p. 137–144 Bernard Hamilton, Janet Hamilton (Nottingham) St. Symeon the New Theologian and Western Dissident Movements The execution on Holy Innocents day 1022 of a group of canons of the cathe- dral of the Holy Cross, Orleans, together with some of their followers, convicted of heresy at a synod convoked by Robert the Pious, was widely reported. M.R.-H. Bautier has brilliantly explained the political context of the trial and has also ex- plained the priority of the two Fleury sources1. Abbot Gauzlin of Fleury, together with a group of senior brethren, had been present at the Synod of Orleans and, soon after the trial, the Catalan monk John, who was staying at Fleury, wrote about it to Oliba, abbot of Ripoll. He describes the heretics as radically anti-sacramental; they denied the saving grace of baptism, the validity of the Mass and the efficacy of sacramental confession; and they deprecated marriage2. Andrew of Fleury, who may have been present at the Synod in 1022, wrote a Life of abbot Gauzlin in c. 1042, in which he tells us that the heretics professed belief in the Holy Trinity and in the incarnation of Christ, but rejected the sacraments. They denied that the Holy Spirit was conferred at baptism; they saw no value in the laying-on of hands or in sacra- mental confession; they held that bishops could not validly ordain priests because they did not have the power to confer the Holy Spirit (which implied, of course, that priests could not celebrate valid Masses). -
The New Cambridge Medieval History
The New Cambridge Medieval History The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa as well. The volume is divided into two Parts of which this, the second, deals with the course of events, ecclesiastical and secular, and major developments in an age marked by the transformation of the position of the papacy in a process fuelled by a radical reformation of the church, the decline of the western and eastern empires, the rise of western kingdoms and Italian elites, and the development of governmental structures, the beginnings of the recovery of Spain from the Moors and the establishment of western settlements in the eastern Mediterranean region in the wake of the crusades. Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 The New Cambridge Medieval History editorial board David Abulafia Rosamond McKitterick Martin Brett Edward Powell Simon Keynes Jonathan Shepard Peter Linehan Peter Spufford Volume iv c. 1024–c. 1198 Part ii Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 THE NEW CAMBRIDGE MEDIEVAL HISTORY Volume IV c. 1024–c. 1198 Part II edited by DAVID LUSCOMBE Professor of Medieval History, University of Sheffield and JONATHAN RILEY-SMITH Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History, University of Cambridge Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sa~o Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge ,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/ © Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. -
Cluny and Gregory VII
20 CLVNY AND GBEGOBY VII Jan. Cluny and Gregory VII N the desolate years that opened the tenth century Cluny set Downloaded from I the example of religious duty and discipline and of dignity of service. Born in an age of coarse materialism, she sought to recall to men that interest in spiritual things which seemed to have been lost, and to do so by setting up an ideal in direct contradiction to the spirit rife in the world around her. The spirit of devotion http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ •which was the motive of her foundation she hoped to stimulate beyond her own walls.1 Thus from her origin she was zealous for monastic reform. Such indeed was necessary, for the invasions of the Normans had almost swept away monasticism in Gaul.2 Into Burgundy however the Normans had scarcely penetrated, and the position of Cluny made her a good centre for radiating reform. Protected by her gently swelling hills, she lay near one of the pilgrim routes to Eome, and close to the highways of the Saone at UB Giessen on July 14, 2015 and Bhone; while placed as she was on neutral ground, conveniently distant from and practically independent of both Teutonic emperor and Frankish king, the conditions were favourable for the mainten- ance of her principle of monastic autonomy. The character of her early abbots too, men of eminent virtue, made for her success, as also did the rule they adopted—the Benedictine modified by Benedict of Aniane and the Aachen capitularies.3 Not only so, but unlike the almost contemporary but more ascetic reform of the Italian hermits, who looked to the East for their inspiration, Cluny, essentially Western, stood for moderation. -
Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, C.1000-1300
1 PAPAL OVERLORDSHIP AND PROTECTIO OF THE KING, c.1000-1300 Benedict Wiedemann UCL Submitted for the degree of PhD in History 2017 2 I, Benedict Wiedemann, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, c.1000-1300 Abstract This thesis focuses on papal overlordship of monarchs in the middle ages. It examines the nature of alliances between popes and kings which have traditionally been called ‘feudal’ or – more recently – ‘protective’. Previous scholarship has assumed that there was a distinction between kingdoms under papal protection and kingdoms under papal overlordship. I argue that protection and feudal overlordship were distinct categories only from the later twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. Before then, papal-royal alliances tended to be ad hoc and did not take on more general forms. At the beginning of the thirteenth century kingdoms started to be called ‘fiefs’ of the papacy. This new type of relationship came from England, when King John surrendered his kingdoms to the papacy in 1213. From then on this ‘feudal’ relationship was applied to the pope’s relationship with the king of Sicily. This new – more codified – feudal relationship seems to have been introduced to the papacy by the English royal court rather than by another source such as learned Italian jurists, as might have been expected. A common assumption about how papal overlordship worked is that it came about because of the active attempts of an over-mighty papacy to advance its power for its own sake. -
The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages
Wxhmmmi^ W^^^^&smMo^^vm^, >-«%9\9 *^ »*• THE LIVES OF THE POPES VOL. V. Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2009 witii funding from Boston Library Consortium IVIember Libraries Iittp://www.arcliive.org/details/livesofpopesinea05mann Area of regal or imperial influence, and sometimes of rule, i.e., the area north of the Po, and west of the dotted line from the Po, which runs between Mutina and Bononia, Arctium, Perugia and on to Populonia. The part coloured yellow on the Map. Area of papal influence or rule, i.e., the area included between the above dotted line, and another starting between Ancona and Firmum and going round Camerinum nnd Assisium to Sora and Terracina. The part coloured blue on the Map. Area of influence or rule of the Lombard and other petty princes, i.e., the area between the last mentioned dotted line and another between the rivers Trinius and Lao. The part coloured red on the Map Area of Greek influence or rule, i.e., the area south of the line from the Trinius to the Lao. The part coloured green on the Map. Corsica, Sardinia, and Sicily, were in the hands of the Saracens during most of this period THE LIVES OF THE POPES IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES REV. HORACE K. MANN " De gente Anglorum, qui maxime familiares Apostolicse Sedis semper existunt" {Gesta AM. Fontanel. A.D. 747-752, ap. M.G. SS. II. 289). HEAD MASTER OF ST. CUTHBERT's GRAMMAR SCHOOL, NE\VCASTLE-ON-TYNE CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF HISTORY OF SPAIN THE POPES IN THE DAYS OF FEUDAL ANARCHY FoRMosus TO Damasus II. -
Lent | Holy Week | Easter #Lentpilgrim INTRODUCTION
lent | holy week | easter #LentPilgrim INTRODUCTION his Lent, the Church of England is focusing on pilgrimage. In that spirit, we have created this virtual pilgrimage which T takes us on a journey from the Cathedral to the Cross, from Bristol to the bitter passion of Golgotha. It is not a straight path, as life is not straightforward, but twists and turns through the countries, and across the centuries. Accompanied by saints with links to places along the way, we will journey through Lent as we travel across Britain, France, Italy, and on into the Middle East. As we reach Rome, the pilgrimage retraces the journey of St Paul, in reverse, taking us from Rome, through Sicily, Malta, Rhodes, and beyond, until we arrive in Jerusalem, at the foot of the Cross. In addition to this devotional pilgrimage, from the back page of this booklet you will find details of services on Easter Day and in Holy Week, along with additional events and services such as the Lent Lunches, reading Mark right through, and Stations of the Cross. We pray that you will choose to travel with us for part or all of this journey. Booklet compiled and created by Tim Popple, 2019 FORTY DAYS AND FORTY NIGHTS Day 1 Jordan Bristol Day 2 Aldhelm Malmesbury Day 3 Osmund Salisbury Day 4 Swithun Winchester Day 5 Frideswide Oxford Day 6 Alban St Albans Day 7 John Donne London Day 8 William Rochester Day 9 Æthelberht Kent Day 10 Thomas Becket Canterbury Day 11 Richard of Chichester Dover Day 12 William de St-Calais Calais Day 13 Remigius Picardy Day 14 Joan of Arc Rouen Day 15 Thérèse