DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidad De Granada Tesis Doctoral

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidad De Granada Tesis Doctoral UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA TESIS DOCTORAL READING, ANALYSING AND DECODING HIDDEN DISCOURSES IN LITERARY TEXTS: THE HETERONORMATIVITY AND SEXUALITY IN THE LITERATURE OF AL-ANDALUS Doctorando: Borjan Grozdanoski, MA Director: Dr. Raúl Ruiz Cecilia Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación Granada, 2019 Editor: Universidad de Granada. Tesis Doctorales Autor: Borjan Grozdanoski ISBN: 978-84-1306-285-3 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/56797 Acknowledgments I would like to express my special gratitude to JoinEU-SEE PENTA EU & South Eastern Europe: Participating, Exchanging and Networking in a Transnational Alliance for Internationalization in Higher Education - mobility programme ERASMUS MUNDUS Action 2 - Strand 1 - Lot 7, and the Coordinator for the Selection Committee of JoinEU-SEE PENTA for providing me a full doctoral scholarship without which, I would not be able to conduct my research at the University of Granada, Spain. Thereafter, this doctoral dissertation is a product of few years of investigation and research. I would also like to express my gratitude to the people who had been of a huge help in completion of this work. My special thanks go to my thesis director Dr. Raúl Ruiz Cecilia from the University of Granada, who was very comprehensive and understanding in the process of research and writing of my dissertation. He had provided me all the necessary help and materials needed during these years of investigation. I would also like to thank Dr. Juan Ramón Guijarro Ojeda, University of Granada for his assistance, support and providing me essential materials concerning certain parts of this thesis. In addition, I feel very grateful to Dr. Cristina Pérez Valverde, University of Granada for her unconditional support and constant encouragement. And finally I do thank all my colleagues from the University, and all the people I met in Granada who encouraged me to take this dissertation to its end. Table of Contents Acknowledgements Abstract I Resumen III Glossary V CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND JUSTIFICATION 1 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Background to the Study: Research Topic and Focus 3 1.2. Justification and Significance 5 1.3. The Structure of the Dissertation 9 CHAPTER 2: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 13 2. Short Historical Overview on Social and Political Circumstances from the 15 Moorish Conquest until the End of the Middle Ages. The Ethnos, the Art and the Social Organisation 2.1. The Moorish Invasion of Al-Andalus and the Formation of the Umayyad Emirate 16 and the Caliphate (XIII-XI A.D.) 2.2. The Taifa Kingdoms (XI A.D. 1031-1091) 20 2.3. Almoravids and the Almohads Take the Power over Al-Andalus (XI-XIII A.D. 21 1091-1146-1269) 2.4. The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada (XIII-XIV A.D.) 23 2.5. The Ethnos of Al-Andalus between the IX and the XIII Centuries: Overview on 24 the Social Organisation and the Art in General as Basis for the Sexual Perception in the Society CHAPTER 3: AL-ANDALUS LITERATURE 29 3. Overview of Medieval Andalusian Literature with Emphasis on the 31 Homoerotic Tendencies in the Literary Texts 3.1. Introduction to the Language and the Literature of Al-Andalus: Emphasis on 31 Arabic Texts 3.1.1. The Literary Forms: Muwashshah, Maqama and Qasida 35 3.2. Homosexuality and the Homoerotic Tendencies in the Literature of Al-Andalus 39 3.2.1. Religious and Cultural Context 43 3.2.1.1. Islam, the Sharia Low and Homosexuality among the Muslims 43 3.2.1.2. Judaism and the Homosexuality in the Jewish Community 45 3.2.2. Overview of the Homoeroticism in the Literature of Al-Andalus 48 3.2.2.1. Homoeroticism in Hispano-Arabic Literary Texts 48 3.2.2.2. The Flow and the Development of the Hispano-Arabic Homoerotic 50 Poetry 3.2.2.2.1. Hispano-Arabic Homoerotic Poetry during the Reign of the 51 Umayyad Dynasty 3.2.2.2.2. Hispano-Arabic Poetry in Taifa Kingdoms 53 3.2.2.2.3. Hispano-Arabic Poetry in the Almohad Caliphate 57 3.2.2.2.4. Feminine Homoerotic Expression in Hispano-Arabic Poems 59 3.2.3. Homoeroticism in Hispano-Hebrew Literary Texts 60 3.3. Academic Criticism on the Homoerotic Literature of Al-Andalus, Translations 66 and Interpretations of Texts and Anthologies of Hispano-Arabic and Hispano-Hebrew Literature CHAPTER 4: LITERATURE REVIEW 69 4. Review of Previous Investigation on The Ring of the Dove by Ibn Hazm, the 71 Holy Quran and the Medieval Andalusian Women CHAPTER 5: GENDER STUDIES 81 5. Foregrounding Gender Studies 83 5.1. Sex and Gender Classification 83 5.2. Queer Theory Overview 86 5.3. Heteronormativity 98 5.3.1. Feminism, Heteronormativity and Homonormativity 99 5.3.2. Application of the Heteronormativity 101 5.4. Homosociability and Homoeroticism 102 5.5. Application of Queer Theory in Literary Studies 108 CHAPTER 6: METHOD 109 6. Methodological Approach 111 6.1. Investigation Aim 111 6.2. Data Collection 112 6.3. Instruments 113 6.4. Analysis 113 6.5. Research Questions 116 6.6. Research Objectives 117 CHAPTER 7: ANALYSIS 119 7. Heteronormativity, Sexuality, Homoeroticism and Love in the Literary Texts 121 of Al-Andalus, with Emphasis on the Quran and The Ring of the Dove by Ibn Hazm of Cordova 7.1. Heteronormativity and Women in Al-Andalus: Religious Submissiveness vs. 121 Literary Freedom 7.1.1. Representation of Woman in Existing Literature and the Teachings of the 128 Quran 7.1.2. Marriage and Divorce 131 7.1.3. Sex, Obscenity and Chastity 139 7.1.4. Inheritance 142 7.1.5. Other Rights and Obligations 144 7.1.5.1. Pregnancy, Parenthood and Lactation 145 7.1.5.2. Freedom 146 7.1.5.3. Obedience 146 7.1.6. Law, Public Administration and Politics: Involvement and Exclusion 147 7.2. Ibn Hazm and The Ring of the Dove 150 7.2.1. Ibn Hazm of Cordova, Life and Works 150 7.2.2. Ibn Hazm’s Concepts of Love, Sexuality, Homoeroticism and Analysis of 152 the Attraction and the Signs of Love 7.2.2.1. Short Overview of Ibn Hazm’s Concepts of Love, Sexuality and 153 Homoeroticism 7.2.2.2. Analysis of the Attraction and the Signs of Love in Relation to Love, 158 Sexuality and Homoeroticism in The Ring of the Dove 7.2.3. Heteronormativity and Sexual Autonomy in The Ring of the Dove 171 7.2.4. Gender Roles and Queer Identity 175 7.2.5. Gender Inversion and the Female Voice 183 7.2.6. Gender Polarisation 188 7.2.6.1. Rational vs. Emotional 189 7.2.6.2. Aggressive vs. Passive 193 7.2.6.3. Dominant vs. Submissive 195 CHAPTER 8: DIDACTIC PROPOSAL 199 8. Didactic Approach Proposal: Reading, Analysing and Decoding Activities 201 8.1. Objectives and Goals 205 8.2. Activities on the Historical Events in Medieval Al-Andalus and the Literature of 206 the Time 8.3. Activities on Homoerotic Hispano-Arabic Literature 209 8.4. Activities on Homosexuality and Homoerotic Tendencies in The Ring of the Dove 210 8.5. Activities on Queer, Gender Identity, Gender Inversion and Female Voice 219 Acquisition 8.6. Activities Regarding the (In)visibility of Women in Religious Texts. Emphasis 226 on the Teachings of the Quran CHAPTER 9: CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE AVENUES 231 OF RESEARCH 9. Conclusions 233 9.1. Autobiographical reflection 233 9.2. Concluding comments 233 9.2.1. On the History of Al-Andalus 234 9.2.2. On Homosexuality and Homoerotic Literature 235 9.2.3. On Gender and Heteronormativity 237 9.2.4. On Women 239 9.2.5. On Ibn Hazm and The Ring of the Dove 243 9.2.6. On the Didactic Proposal 246 9.3. Suggestions for future research 249 9.4. Limitations of the Study 250 Resumen extenso de la tesis en español 251 References 287 Appendix 1 307 Appendix 2 310 Abstract The subject of this doctoral dissertation is the sexuality and the heteronormativity reflected in the literary work of Al-Andalus. Sexuality and the question of gender play a huge role in the Medieval Andalusian Society, thus they represent a fundamental element in the creation of the sexual rights and freedoms which later on will be transferred to the modern Spanish society. Sex and gender form an integral part of the aspiration for free expression of gender identities and consequently sexual affinities. The research conveyed on the elaboration of these issues is a crucial element in establishing the “sexual liberties” on a selected literary canon from the period. The questions in the text to follow tend to resolve the inconsistency and the unclearness of given Andalusian texts, with emphasis on The Ring of the Dove by Ibn Hazm of Cordoba, and the Quran itself as a paramount text in the Andalusian Islamic society. The texts themselves by their nature can be quite ambivalent and there is not enough clearness in respect of understanding them by a contemporary reader. Some of the factors that most often are misinterpreted are: the freedom of choosing a sexual partner, personal gender affiliation and identification, as well as the rights of women in religious and secular life. All these issues lead us to one very important question and that is: “Why of all places on Earth, one Medieval Islamic society in the heart of Europe is so important in determining gender and sexual rights and freedoms?” While an analysis was being carried out, a method of deduction was used in order to detect the issues related to sexuality and to its perception. Certain aspects in the literary works analysed were elaborated with the help of segments extracted from other authors who had contributed to postulating sex and gender as a main issue in respect of sexuality.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Thematic Dossier
    Thematic Dossier Formulating the Caliphate in the Islamic West: Umayyads, Ḥammūdids, and Almohads Guest Editors MARIBEL FIERRO AND PATRICE CRESSIER Contents: • Maribel Fierro and Patrice Cressier, “Introduction” • Isabel Toral-Niehoff, “Writing for the Caliphate: The Unique Necklace by Ibn ʿAbd Rabbih” • Jan Thiele, “Facing the Mahdī’s True Belief: Abū ʿAmr al-Salālijī’s Ashʿarite Creed and the Almohads’ Claim to Religious Authority” • Javier Albarrán, “The Jihād of the Caliphs and the First Battles of Islam: Memory, Legitimization and Holy War, from Cordoba to Tinmal” • Pascal Buresi, “Preparing the the Almohad Caliphate: The Almoravids” • Almudena Ariza Armada, “The Ḥammūdid Caliphate: A New Look Through the Lens of Numismatics” Al-ʿUṣūr al-Wusṭā 26 (2018) Introduction* MARIBEL FIERRO PATRICE CRESSIER Instituto de Lenguas y Culturas Centre National de la del Mediterráneo-CSIC, Madrid Recherche Scientifique ([email protected]) ([email protected]) he 2014 proclamation of a new caliphate headed by Abū Bakr al-Baghdādī by the so-called Islamic State1 sparked renewed interest in the history of the caliphal institu- tion. In 2016, two books by renowned scholars appeared, offering a general overview Tof the subject addressed to both specialists and a larger audience.2 Previous recent studies had focused on specific historical aspects, such as the presence of messianic trends in the caliphate’s conception and the extent of the caliph’s authority.3 The abolition of the Ottoman caliphate in 1924 has also been a subject of analysis.4 That abolition—not the first one to happen in the history of Islam, as we shall see—caused special commotion among different sectors of the Islamic community, including Egyptian intellectuals who were re-thinking the place of Islam in the modern world, and Indian Muslims under British colonial rule.5 The abolition had less of an impact in the former North African Ottoman * We want to express our deep gratitude to Antoine Borrut and Matthew Gordon for their invaluable help in editing this dossier.
    [Show full text]
  • Hostages and the Dangers of Cultural Contact: Two Cases from Umayyad Cordoba*
    MARIBEL FIERRO Hostages and the Dangers of Cultural Contact: Two Cases from Umayyad Cordoba* Hostages are captives of a peculiar sort. Rather than having been captured during war, they are in the hands of the enemy as free persons who have temporarily lost their freedom, either because they were given and kept as a pledge (for example, for the fulfilment of a treaty) or in order to act as a substitute for someone who has been taken prisoner1. The prisoner, usually an important person, can regain his or her freedom under certain conditions, usually by the payment of a ransom. When those conditions are fulfilled, the hostage is released. In the medieval period, the taking of hostages was linked to conquest, the establishment of treaties, and the submission of rebels. The Spanish word for »hostage« (rehén, pl. rehenes) derives from the Arabic root r.h.n (which produces, in Classical Arabic, rāhin, pl. rahāʾin)2, and this origin attests to the fact that the practice of taking hostages was widespread in medieval Iberia and more generally in the Mediterranean3. The Muslims had not, however, invented it4. We lack specific studies dealing with hostages in Islamic lands and the procedures related to their taking and release, as well as their life as hostages, in spite of the fact that medieval historical and, more generally, literary sources are full of references to this widespread, persistent, and accepted practice which had advantages for both par- * This paper was undertaken as part of the project »Knowledge, heresy and political culture in the Islamic West (second/eighth–ninth/fifteenth centuries) = KOHEPOCU«, F03049 Advanced Research Grant, European Research Council (2009–2014).
    [Show full text]
  • Medieval Spain
    1 MEDIEVAL SPAIN 6 Which photos show legacies from the Visigothic period? LET’S BEGIN 1 Do you recognise the building in the large photo? Does the architectural style look the same or different to buildings in your town? 2 Which of these periods came before the Middle Ages? Which one came after? the Modern Age • Ancient History 3 What are some of the legacies of the Roman Empire that we can find in Spain today? 4 Which groups of people do you think lived in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages? What do you know? Let’s find out! Useful language I think … came before / after the Middle Ages. 7 Reflect 1 Look at the timeline and match the sentences in your notebook. 218 BC AD 711 1492 Roman rule Moorish rule Christian rule 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1500 ANCIENT HISTORY MIDDLE AGES AD 476 Visigothic rule a The Visigoths ruled in the Iberian Peninsula … 1 … in Ancient History. b The Visigoths and the Moors ruled … 2 … in the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages. c The Romans ruled in the Iberian Peninsula … 3 … around 1,000 years. d The Middle Ages in Spain lasted for … 4 … after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. 2 Say what each photo is. Order the photos from oldest to newest. a b c 3 What is the centre of your town like? a Are the streets narrow or wide? b Does the centre of your town look the same as it does in the suburbs? How are they different? c Think of two famous monuments in your town.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been repmôuœd fFom the microfilm mas te^. UMI films the text directly from th orignal or copy suûunilted. Thus, senne ttresis anâ dissertation copies are in typewriter face, whik 0th~~may be from any type of cornputer printer. The quality of thk mpmâuctkrr b dmpmndont uporr the qrvlity of the copy submitted. Broken or ridisonct Mnt, cdomd or poor quibiti illustratiorrs and photographs, print Meedlhrough, substandard margins, and improper aiignment can adversely Mec2 reprpduction. in the unlikely evmt ihat lhe author di not tsrrd UMI a compkde muscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if umuthorired capyright rnaterial had to be remoued, a nde will indikate the dektiori. Ovenize materials (e-g-. rnaps, drawings, ctiaits) are mpdwdby sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing frwn left b right in equal sections with small overtaps. Photographs induded in the original mariuscript have ben reQroduœd xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6. x W bkkand white phobtogmphic prints are availabk for any photognphs or illustmtbns appearing h îhîs copy for an additional charge. Coritaa UMI diredty to order- Bell & Hdllnformgtion and Lemming 300 Norlh Zseb Road, Ann Arbor. MI 48106-1346 USA AGSHAHRASTHAND THE sEÜ'~DOCTRINE OF 1-: AN ANALYSIS OF THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN HIS . AL- WAAGA@ULAND ~-YATA~.QD&~?'EMAL-a. %y: Siti Syamsiyatun A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Isiamic Studies Institute of Islamic Studies McGill University Canada June 1998 National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Overlooked Realities of Jewish Life Under Islamic Rule in Medieval Spain
    Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 68 Number 68 Spring 2013 Article 4 4-1-2013 Some Overlooked Realities of Jewish Life under Islamic Rule in Medieval Spain Dario Fernandez-Morera Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Fernandez-Morera, Dario (2013) "Some Overlooked Realities of Jewish Life under Islamic Rule in Medieval Spain," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 68 : No. 68 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol68/iss68/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Fernandez-Morera: Some Overlooked Realities of Jewish Life under Islamic Rule in Me Comparative Civilizations Review 21 Some Overlooked Realities of Jewish Life under Islamic Rule in Medieval Spain Dario Fernandez-Morera [email protected] It is widely accepted that under Islam the Jewish community of Spain briefly enjoyed a “Golden Age.” However, it is far less widely understood that Muslim, Christian, and Jewish legal and historical sources indicate that favorable treatment violated medieval Islamic law and also that even under the best circumstances, Jews remained subject to the vicissitudes of their condition as dhimmis (“protected” non-Muslims). If there was brief good treatment, it was because of tactical needs of particular Muslim rulers, not legal considerations. Marginalized groups who side with a successful invader normally see their status rise with a change in the political fortunes.1 The Jewish community of Spain was no exception.
    [Show full text]
  • COURSE INFORMATION History of Al-Andalus Code Number
    COURSE INFORMATION History of al-Andalus Code number: 101010308 Degree in History Academic Year: 2019-2020 Elective course. 4th year First semester: 3 hours a week, 2 days a week 6 credits TEACHING STAFF Prof.: Alejandro García-Sanjuán Department: History, Geography and Anthropology Office: Building 12, high, right Phone: +34 959 219151 E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: First Semester: Thursday and Friday, 9,00-12,00 h PROGRAMME 1. DESCRIPTION Study of the history of al-Andalus, an Arab and Islamic country in Iberia during the Middle Ages, from the Muslim conquest (711) to the fall of Granada (1492). 2. PREREQUISITES History of al-Andalus is an open course, suitable for students with different academic backgrounds and profiles. Especially recommended for students of History, Religious Studies, or Arabic and Islamic Studies. 3. OBJECTIVES/LEARNING OUTCOMES The main subjects will be addressed following the different periods in which the history of al-Andalus is usually divided. These subjects range from historiographical issues (the problematic insertion of al-Andalus into the modern notion of history of Spain) to specific issues of particular significance to each period: the development of Islamization and Arabization, the establishment of the Umayyad State, the Caliphate of Córdoba, the production and transmission of knowledge, the war against the Christians, the urbanization process, the dependence of foreign Islamic powers (Almoravids and Almohads), the affirmation of an Andalusi identity, etc. 4. TEACHING METHODOLOGY Five classes of 1.5 hours (7.5 hours) will be devoted to each one of the five units. The classes are taught through Ppoint presentations aimed at supporting the class explanations, and intended to acquaint the student with historical sources through the use of images (maps, graphics, numismatics, epigraphy) and texts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Berber Identity: a Double Helix of Islam and War by Alvin Okoreeh
    The Berber Identity: A Double Helix of Islam and War By Alvin Okoreeh Mezquita de Córdoba, Interior. Muslim Spain is characterized by a myriad of sophisticated and complex dynamics that invariably draw from a foundation rooted in an ethnically diverse populace made up of Arabs, Berbers, muwalladun, Mozarebs, Jews, and Christians. According to most scholars, the overriding theme for this period in the Iberian Peninsula is an unprecedented level of tolerance. The actual level of tolerance experienced by its inhabitants is debatable and relative to time, however, commensurate with the idea of tolerance is the premise that each of the aforementioned groups was able to leave a distinct mark on the era of Muslim dominance in Spain. The Arabs, with longstanding ties to supremacy in Damascus and Baghdad exercised authority as the conqueror and imbued al-Andalus with culture and learning until the fall of the caliphate in 1031. The Berbers were at times allies with the Arabs and Christians, were often enemies with everyone on the Iberian Peninsula, and in the times of the taifas, Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, were the rulers of al-Andalus. The muwalladun, subjugated by Arab perceptions of a dubious conversion to Islam, were mired in compulsory ineptitude under the pretense that their conversion to Islam would yield a more prosperous life. The Mozarebs and Jews, referred to as “people of the book,” experienced a wide spectrum of societal conditions ranging from prosperity to withering persecution. This paper will argue that the Berbers, by virtue of cultural assimilation and an identity forged by militant aggressiveness and religious zealotry, were the most influential ethno-religious group in Muslim Spain from the time of the initial Muslim conquest of Spain by Berber-led Umayyad forces to the last vestige of Muslim dominance in Spain during the time of the Almohads.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of Relations Between Abrahamic Religions in Medieval Spain and Its Reflection in Odat Y’S Israel-Palestine Relations
    DePaul University Via Sapientiae College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 6-2018 Consulting the past: a comparison of relations between Abrahamic religions in medieval Spain and its reflection in odat y’s Israel-Palestine relations Morgan Reyes DePaul University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd Recommended Citation Reyes, Morgan, "Consulting the past: a comparison of relations between Abrahamic religions in medieval Spain and its reflection in odat y’s Israel-Palestine relations" (2018). College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations. 251. https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd/251 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Consulting the Past: A Comparison of Relations Between Abrahamic Religions in Medieval Spain and its Reflection in Today’s Israel-Palestine Relations A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts June, 2018 By Morgan Reyes Department of Modern Languages College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences DePaul University Chicago, Illinois Consulting the Past Spring 2018 Reyes, 1 Table of Contents Timeline of Events in Medieval Iberia
    [Show full text]
  • WHV - Let Us Work for Udayas Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage, Morocco
    WHV - Let us work for Udayas Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage, Morocco Cultural property inscribed on the List of World 09/07/2017 – 25/07/2017 Heritage since 2012 Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City is located on the Atlantic coast in the north-west of Morocco. The site is the product of a fertile exchange between the Arabo-Muslim past and Western modernism. The inscribed city encompasses the new town conceived and built under the French Protectorate from 1912 to the 1930s, including royal and administrative areas, residential and commercial developments and the Jardins d’Essais botanical and pleasure gardens. It also encompasses older parts of the city dating back to the 12thcentury. The new town is one of the largest and most ambitious modern urban projects built in Africa in the 20th century and probably the most complete. The older parts include Hassan Mosque (begun in 1184) and the Almohad ramparts and gates, the only surviving parts of the project for a great capital city of the Almohad caliphate as well as remains from the Moorish, or Andalusian, principality of the 17thcentury. Project objectives: The project aims at raising awareness about the site and the value of cultural heritage among residents of the Kasbah of the Udayas, which composes a part of the world heritage site of Rabat, local authorities and visitors. It also aims at contributing to its preservation through cleaning, gardening and maintenance activities. Project activities: The volunteers will participate in restoration, maintenance, gardening and cleaning activities at the site and its surroundings.
    [Show full text]
  • Civilisations from East to West
    Civilisations from East to West Kinga Dévényi (ed.) Civilisations from East to West Corvinus University of Budapest Department of International Relations Budapest, 2020 Editor: Kinga Dévényi Tartalomjegyzék Szerkesztette: Authors: LászlóDévényi Csicsmann Kinga (Introduction) Kinga Dévényi (Islam) Szerzők: Csicsmann László (Bevezető) Előszó �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 Mária DévényiIldikó Farkas Kinga (Japan) (Iszlám) (Japán) BernadettFarkas Lehoczki Mária (Latin Ildikó America) Lehoczki Bernadett (Latin-Amerika) Tamás Matura (China) Matura Tamás (Kína) 1. Bevezetés a regionális–civilizációs tanulmányokba: Az új világrend és a ZsuzsannaRenner Renner Zsuzsanna (India) (India) paradigmák összecsapása – Csicsmann László������������������������������������������� 15 Sz. Bíró Zoltán (Oroszország) Zoltán Sz. Bíró (Russia) 1.1. Bevezetés .............................................................................................. 15 Szombathy Zoltán (Afrika) 1.2. Az új világrend és a globalizáció jellegzetességei ................................ 16 ZoltánZsinka Szombathy László (Africa) (Nyugat-Európa, Észak-Amerika) 1.3. Az új világrend vetélkedő paradigmái ....................................................... 23 LászlóZsom Zsinka Dóra (Western (Judaizmus) Europe, North America) 1.4. Civilizáció és kultúra fogalma(k) és értelmezése(k) .................................. 27 ....................................................... 31 Dóra Zsom (Judaism) 1.5.
    [Show full text]
  • The Institute of Ismaili Studies
    The Institute of Ismaili Studies Documents of History, Symbols of Authority: The Coinage of the Fatimids Alnoor Merchant Introduction The Fatimid caliphate was established in 297/909 in North Africa, and soon extended into Sicily, Egypt, Palestine and Syria, reaching the peak of its power during the long reign of the eighth Fatimid imam-caliph al-Mustansir bi’llah (d. 487/1094).1 This period of almost two centuries is often referred to as a ‘golden age’ in Ismaili history. The Fatimids placed a high value on intellectual activities and Cairo, as the capital city, became a flourishing centre of scholarship and learning. The Fatimid period was also noteworthy for its patronage of artistic activities (over 200 categories of artisans existed) and some of the finest works of art in the history of Muslim civilisation were produced during this period. The examples of carved woodwork, textiles, ceramics, stone and ivory, glass, metalwork and jewellery that have survived from this period provide a glimpse of the magnificence that once surrounded the Fatimid court. Fatimid art combined originality with the influences of various older artistic traditions and “was both the culmination of the past and the forerunner of future developments.”2 It is in recognition of these intellectual achievements and cultural contributions that the French Orientalist Louis Massignon designated the tenth century as the ‘Ismaili century’ of Islam. Not only did the Fatimid period mark a glorious age in Ismaili history, but also “one of the greatest eras in Egyptian and Islamic histories [and] a milestone in the development of Islamic civilization.”3 The Fatimids established a vast network of trade and commerce, with Egypt as the focal point of trading activities that extended as far as Spain in the west and India in the east (and beyond the Muslim regions as well).
    [Show full text]
  • Islamic Art Pp001-025 21/5/07 08:53 Page 2
    Spirit &Life Spirit & Life The creation of a museum dedicated to the presentation of Muslim ‘I have been involved in the field of development for nearly four decades. arts and culture – in all their historic, cultural and geographical Masterpieces of Islamic Art This engagement has been grounded in my responsibilities as Imam of diversity – is a key project of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture, one the Shia Ismaili Community, and Islam’s message of the fundamental of whose aims is to contribute to education in the fields of arts and from the Aga Khan Museum Collection unity of “din and dunya”, of spirit and life.’ culture. The developing political crises of the last few years have collections museum khan theaga from art ofislamic masterpieces revealed – often dramatically – the considerable lack of knowledge of His Highness the Aga Khan the Muslim world in many Western societies. This ignorance spans at the Annual Meeting of the EBRD all aspects of Islam: its pluralism, the diversity of interpretations Tashkent, 5 May 2003 within the Qur’anic faith, the chronological and geographical extent of its history and culture, as well as the ethnic, linguistic and social Spirit and Life is the title of an exhibition of over 160 masterpieces diversity of its peoples. of Islamic art from the Aga Khan Museum which will open in Toronto, Canada in 2009. This catalogue illustrates all the miniature For this reason, the idea of creating a museum of Muslim arts and paintings, manuscripts, jewellery, ceramics, wood panels and culture in Toronto as an eminently educational institution, with beams, stone carvings, metal objects and other art works in the the aim of informing the North American public of the diversity and exhibition, which spans over a thousand years of history and gives significance of Muslim civilisations naturally arose.
    [Show full text]