Preparing the Almohad caliphate: the Almoravids Pascal Buresi To cite this version: Pascal Buresi. Preparing the Almohad caliphate: the Almoravids. Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta: The Journal of Middle East Medievalists, University of Mariland, 2018, The Western Caliphates, 26, pp.151-168. halshs-01453050v2 HAL Id: halshs-01453050 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01453050v2 Submitted on 4 Feb 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Preparing the Almohad Caliphate: The Almoravids* PASCAL BURESI UCNRS (CIHAM-UMR 5648, Lyon) and EHESS (Paris) (
[email protected]) Abstract Until the fifth/eleventh century, the Muslim West constituted a periphery under the influence of the Eastern Islamic world. This does not mean that the western provinces of the Dār al-Islām were closely controlled by the capitals of the Middle East, but that until that date, Arab elites retained significant authority over local populations. This was also the case in al-Andalus where the dynasty of the Umayyad emirs (138/756-316/929), then the caliphs (316/929-422/1031), reinforced this Arab supremacy. However, during the fifth/eleventh century and for several centuries thereafter, indigenous Berber dynasties seized power and founded original political structures that operated differently from those in the East.