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Afrika Gündemi (Kasim 2010)

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Afrika Gündemi (Kasim 2010) ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ AFRİKA GÜNDEMİ (KASIM 2010) SİYASET Libya’da AB-Afrika Zirvesi Düzenlendi Tanzanya Seçimlerinin Sonuçları Açıklandı Gine’de Başkanlık Seçimlerinin İkinci Turu Tamamlandı Nijer’de Anayasa Referandumunda Evet Oyu Çıktı Fildişi Sahilleri’nde Başkanlık Seçiminin 2. Turu Yapıldı Burkina Faso’da Seçimler Yapıldı Mısır’da Parlamento Seçimlerinin İlk Turu Tamamlandı Somali’de Yeni Kurulan Hükümet Güvenoyu Aldı Arap Birliği Sudan’ı Ziyaret Etti Ruanda Devlet Başkanı Kagame Kongo Cumhuriyeti’ni Ziyaret Etti Lula’nın Son Afrika Turu Madagaskar’da Darbe Girişimi Bastırıldı Gambiya İran İle Diplomatik İlişkilerini Kesti NATO Moritanya’ya Destek Kararı Aldı Cezayir, İran İle Batı Arasında Arabuluculuk Yapamaya Başladı İran’dan Nijerya’ya Yapılan Yasadışı Silah Sevkiyatı İle İlgili Tartışmalar Sürüyor Fransa’da 3 Afrikalı Lider Sebepsiz Zenginleşmeden Dolayı Soruşturuluyor Fransa, Kamerun Devlet Başkanı Biya’ya Yolsuzluk Suçlamasında Bulundu Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti’nde Seçim Hazırlıkları Sürüyor Moyo Kentine Saldıran Güney Sudan Ordusu On Dört Kişiyi Kaçırdı Al-Shabab’a Katılmak İçin Yola Çıkan Altı Kenyalı Tutuklandı Mısır’da Kıptilerle Polis Arasında Çatışma Çıktı Zambiya’daki Çinli Maden Yöneticileri Kefaletle Serbest Bırakıldı 1 Ankara Üniversitesi AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ Kuleli Sokak No:42 Gaziosmanpaşa / ANKARA Telefon:448 05 21 Fax:448 05 89 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ KASIM 2010 EKONOMİ Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti “BRIC”nın Beşinci Üyesi Olmak İstiyor 19 Afrika Ülkesi Sahil Güvenliğinde Tek Tip Üniforma Politikası Uygulama Kararı Aldı Hollanda Hükümeti Mali Eğitim Sektörüne Yardım Kararı Aldı Fransa Kalkınma Ajansı Nijer’e Yardım Yapılacağını Açıkladı Hindistan Hükümeti Kenya’ya Kredi Verme Kararı Aldı Güney Kore Afrika’ya Yakınlaşmak İçin G-20’yi Kullanıyor Çin Togo’ya 12 Milyon Dolar Kredi Yardımında Bulundu Avrupa Birliği Mozambik İçin 22,5 Milyon Avro Kredi Ayırdı Kongo Cumhuriyeti İle Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti Ekonomik İlişkilerini Derinleştiriyor Nijerya’da Grev Tanzanya Kendi Ulusal Barkod Sistemini Kuruyor Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti’nde Okullar Kapatıldı Çin, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti’ne 8 Adet Uçak Veriyor Libya İle Alman Petrol Şirketleri Arasındaki Paylaşım Şartları Yeniden Düzenlendi Moritanya Ekonomisi Toparlanıyor İNSAN HAKLARI Fas, Batı Sahra'daki Kamplara Müdahale Etti Gambiya İnsan Hakları Forumuna Ev Sahipliği Yaptı Faslı İnsan Hakları Savunucusu Abraham Serfaty Yaşamını Yitirdi Kenya Lideri Eşcinsel Çiftlerin Tutuklanmasını İstedi Gana’da Bir Kadın Cadı Olduğu Gerekçesiyle Yakılarak Öldürüldü ÇEVRE-SAĞLIK Afrika’da İklim Değişikliği Kuzey Afrika’da Yeraltı Suları Çekiliyor Liderler Çad Gölü’nü Kurtarmak İçin Bir Araya Geldiler Moritanya’da Flamingolar İçin Özel Bir Program Oluşturuldu KÜLTÜR – SANAT Nijerya’da Calabar Festivali Kutlamaları Başladı Gabrielle Le Roux’nun ‘Proudly African And Transgender’ Desen Sergisi Cannes’da Jüri Ödülü Verilen Çad Filminin Londra’da Galası Yapıldı 2 Ankara Üniversitesi AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ Kuleli Sokak No:42 Gaziosmanpaşa / ANKARA Telefon:448 05 21 Fax:448 05 89 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ KASIM 2010 TÜRKİYE-AFRİKA İLİŞKİLERİ Mısır Dışişleri Bakanı Türkiye’yi Ziyaret Etti Devlet Bakanı Zafer Çağlayan Kuzey Afrika Turuna Gidiyor Fas’taki Boru Hattı İhalesini Bir Türk Firması Kazandı Gana Kraliçesi Kilis’te AÇAUM FAALİYETLERİ Açaum Sinema Günleri YORUM Türkiye’nin Afrika Politikası 3 Ankara Üniversitesi AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ Kuleli Sokak No:42 Gaziosmanpaşa / ANKARA Telefon:448 05 21 Fax:448 05 89 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ KASIM 2010 SİYASET LİBYA’DA AB-AFRİKA ZİRVESİ DÜZENLENDİ 28–30 Kasım tarihleri arasında Libya’nın başkenti Trablus’ta 3. AB-Afrika Zirvesi düzenlendi. 80’den fazla temsilcinin katıldığı Zirve’de, AB ile Afrika ülkeleri arasındaki sorunlara bir çözüm getirilemediği, ancak 2013’te Brüksel’de yapılacak 4. Zirve için bir hareket planı çıkarıldığı bildirildi. Hareket planı, AB ile Afrika ülkelerinin güvenlik, demokrasi ve insan hakları alanlarında birlikte çalışmalarını öngörüyor. Afrika Birliği Başkanı Jean Ping ile AB Başkanı Jose Manuel Borroso birlikte bir açıklama yaparak, AB ile Afrika arasındaki en önemli sorunların yardımlar, yatırımlar ve ticaret olduğunu vurguladılar. Brüksel, Afrika mallarının AB’ye girişi için AB mallarının da Afrika’ya serbest girişinin sağlanmasını talep ederken, Afrika bu durumun haksız rekabet yaratacağını ileri sürüyor ve önce BM Millenium Kalkınma Hedeflerinin gerçekleştirilmesi gerektiğini savunuyor. Ayrıca Afrika ülkeleri AB’nin Afrika’ya yaptığı yatırım ve yardımları yetersiz bulduklarını, Çin’in bu konuda her geçen gün daha etkin hale geldiğini ve AB’nin kıtaya yeterli ilgiyi göstermediğini belirtiyorlar. Borroso ise, cevaben AB dış yardımlarının yarısından fazlasının Afrika’ya aktığını dile getirdi. Zirve sonuç belgesinde de 2015 yılına kadar AB’nin GSMH’sının % 0,7’sinin Afrika’ya geliştirme yardımı olarak verileceği duyuruldu. Ayrıca kaçak göçün en önemli sorunlardan biri olduğu konusunda fikir birliği içinde olan tarafların, çözüm önerileri konusunda aynı uyumu yakalayamadıkları da dikkat çekti. Zirve’de tartışılan ancak ortak bir karara varılamayan diğer bir konu ise, çevre sorunları oldu. Zirve ile aynı dönemde Meksika’nın Cancun kentinde devam etmekte olan İklim Zirvesi’nde AB ile birlikte açıklama yapmayı baştan reddeden Afrikalı liderler, AB’nin iklim değişikliği ve önlenmesi konusundaki tekliflerinin doğrudan ve sadece AB’nin çıkarlarını korumaya yönelik olduğunu belirttiler. Zirve’ye Almanya, Fransa ve Sudan Devlet Başkanı Ömer El Beşir katılmazken, Türkiye Başbakanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Libya lideri Muammer Kaddafi’nin ‘onur konuğu’ olarak katıldı ve Kaddafi’nin verdiği İnsan Hakları Ödülünü aldı. Erdoğan’a Zafer Çağlayan, Egemen Bağış gibi çeşitli bakanlar ve müsteşarlarından oluşan kalabalık bir heyet eşlik etti. Zafer Çağlayan’ın başında bulunduğu ve işadamlarının da yer aldığı bir diğer heyet ise, 26-28 Kasım tarihlerinde yine Libya’da düzenlenen, büyüme ve rekabet gücü artırımı gibi konuların ağırlıklı olarak görüşüldüğü AB-Afrika İş Forumu’na katıldı. BAŞA DÖN 4 Ankara Üniversitesi AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ Kuleli Sokak No:42 Gaziosmanpaşa / ANKARA Telefon:448 05 21 Fax:448 05 89 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ KASIM 2010 TANZANYA SEÇİMLERİNİN SONUÇLARI AÇIKLANDI Tanzanya’da 31 Ekim pazar günü yapılan seçimlerin sonuçları 6 Kasım’da açıklandı. Açıklanan sonuçlara göre, Jakaya Kikwete’nin lideri olduğu Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) oyların % 61’ini alarak seçimleri kazanırken, CCM’nin en yakın rakibi Wilbrod Slaa’nın lideri olduğu CHADEMA oyların % 21’ni, İbrahim Lipumba ‘nın Civic United Front (CUF)’u ise oyların % 8’ini aldı. CCM parlamentodaki 232 sandalyenin 182’sine, muhalefet partisi CHADEMA 23’üne, CUF ise 17’sine sahip oldu. Yarı özerkliğe sahip Zanzibar adasında ise, seçimi, yönetimdeki CCM partisinin adayı Ali Mohamed Shein kazanırken, CUF partisinin adayı Seif Sharif Hamad ikinci oldu. Shein, anayasada kabul edilen güç paylaşımı ilkesine sadık kaldığını bildirerek başkan yardımcısı olarak Hamad ile birlikte çalışacaklarını açıkladı. Öte yandan 2010 Tanzanya seçimleri bir ilke sahne oldu. CUF partisinin Lindi Urban bölgesi adayı Salum Khalfani Bar'wan, Tanzanya Ulusal Meclisi’ne seçilen ilk albino olarak ülke tarihine geçti. BAŞA DÖN GİNE’DE BAŞKANLIK SEÇİMLERİNİN İKİNCİ TURU TAMAMLANDI Gine’de temmuz ayından bu yana ertelenen başkanlık seçimlerinin ikinci turu 7 Kasım’da gerçekleştirildi. İlk turda oyların %40’ını alan Cellou Dalein Diallo ile %21’ini alan Alpha Condé’nin birbirlerine karşı yarıştıkları seçime katılım oranı oldukça yüksek olurken, binlerce gözlemci seçimde görev yaptı. Bağımsız Seçim Komisyonu seçim sonuçlarının açıklanmasını bir hafta erteleyince, ülkede gerginlik giderek arttı. Malinke etnik grubuna mensup olan Condé’nin destekçileri ile Peul etnik grubuna mensup olan Diallo’nun destekçileri arasında çatışmalarda 12 kişinin yaşamını yitirdiği bildirildi. 5 Ankara Üniversitesi AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ Kuleli Sokak No:42 Gaziosmanpaşa / ANKARA Telefon:448 05 21 Fax:448 05 89 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ AFRİKA ÇALIŞMALARI ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA MERKEZİ KASIM 2010 Hükümet sonuçların açıklanmasından önce ülke sınırlarının kapatılması kararını alırken, her iki aday da seçimleri kendisinin kazandığını öne sürdü. 15 Kasım’da ilk sonuçları açıklayan Bağımsız Seçim Komisyonu, oyların %52.52’sini alan Condé’nin başkan seçildiğini, rakibi Diallo’nun ise %47.48’de kaldığını duyurdu. Ancak sonuçların kesinlik kazanması için Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından onaylanması gerekiyor. Seçim sonuçlarını kabul etmeyen Diallo’nun destekçileri başkent Konakri’de polisle çatıştı. Geçici Devlet Başkanı General Sekouba Konate, 17 Kasım’da yaptığı açıklamada, Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin sonuçları onaylamasına kadar sıkıyönetim ilan edildiğini ve gösteri yürüyüşlerinin yasaklandığını duyurdu. Konate, çatışmalarda hayatını kaybedenlerin sayısının 20’ye ulaştığını belirtti. Başbakan Jean-Marie Dore ise, Diallo’nun taraftarlarının şiddete başvurduğu ve gerginliği arttırdıkları suçlamasında bulundu. Dore, Diallo’nun taraftarlarının şiddet yoluyla seçim sonuçlarını değiştirmelerinin söz konusu olamayacağın ifade etti.
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