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Bischoff & Partner Wasserstraßen-Neubauamt Aschaffenburg Ausbau der Bundeswasserstraße Main in den Stauhaltungen Ottendorf und Knetzgau Vegetationskundliche und faunistische Untersuchungen Heft 3.5: Faunistische Untersuchungen Bienen und Wespen Weitere Hefte: Heft 1: Biotoptypenkartierung Heft 2: Pflanzensoziologische Kartierung und Einschätzung der Beeinträchtigung der Vegetation Bearbeiter: Dr. Reinhard Patrzich Dipl.-Biol. Armin Six Inh.: Dr. U. Wendt und Dipl.-Ing. J. Rössler Landschaftsökologie und Projektplanung 55442 Stromberg – Staatsstr. 1 Tel.: 06724/1329 – Fax: 06724/939593 Projekt-Nr.: 2609 eMail: [email protected] September 2009 INHALT I 1 EINFÜHRUNG .................................................................................................................... 1 2 METHODIK ......................................................................................................................... 2 3 ERGEBNISSE ..................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Nachgewiesene Arten ................................................................................................... 3 3.2 Ökologie und Vorkommen der nachgewiesenen Bienen und Wespen .......................... 4 3.2.1 Chrysiidae ............................................................................................................. 4 3.2.2 Pompilidae ............................................................................................................. 4 3.2.3 Mutillidae ............................................................................................................... 5 3.2.4 Vespidae ............................................................................................................... 5 3.2.5 Sphecidae ............................................................................................................. 7 3.2.6 Apidae ................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Besonders herausragende Arten ................................................................................ 23 3.4 Habitatpräferenzen und Wirt-Parasit-Beziehungen ..................................................... 24 3.4.1 Habitatpräferenzen .............................................................................................. 24 3.4.2 Wirt-Parasit-Beziehungen .................................................................................... 26 3.5 Einschätzung der Bedeutung der Bienen und Wespen ............................................... 28 4 EINSCHÄTZUNG DER ZU ERWARTENDEN BEEINTRÄCHTIGUNGEN DER BIENEN UND WESPEN.................................................................................................... 31 4.1 Abschnitt 1, geplanter Ausbau der Vorhäfen Schleuse Ottendorf (Ma-km 344,55 bis 345,07 und Ma-km 345,45 bis 346,03) .................................................................. 31 4.2 Abschnitt 2, geplante Uferzurücknahmen linkes Ufer (Ma-km 353,33 bis 353,73, Ma-km 353,78 bis 353,91 und Ma-km 354,01 bis 354,07) ........................................... 32 4.3 Abschnitt 3, geplante Uferzurücknahme linkes Ufer (Ma-km 354,53 bis 355,12) ......... 32 4.4 Abschnitt 4, geplante Uferzurücknahmen linkes Ufer (Ma-km 355,33 bis 355,77 und Ma-km 355,81 bis 357,00) geplante Schiffsliegestelle Haßfurt rechtes Ufer (Ma-km 355,45 bis 355,61) ......................................................................................... 33 4.5 Abschnitt 5, geplante Uferzurücknahme rechtes Ufer (Ma-km 356,99 bis 357,63) ...... 34 4.6 Abschnitt 6, geplante Uferzurücknahmen linkes Ufer (Ma-km 357,66 bis 358,30 und Ma-km 358,32 bis 358,44) ................................................................................... 35 4.7 Abschnitt 7, geplante Uferzurücknahmen rechtes Ufer und Ausbau der Vorhäfen Schleuse Knetzgau (Ma-km 358,33 bis 359,17, Ma-km 359,17 bis 359,60 und Ma-km 359,99 bis 360,42) .......................................................................................... 36 BISCHOFF & PARTNER INHALT II 4.8 Abschnitt 8, geplante Uferzurücknahmen linkes Ufer (Ma-km 362,00 bis 362,17 und Ma-km 362,23 bis 363,88) ................................................................................... 37 4.9 Abschnitt 9, geplante Uferzurücknahmen rechtes Ufer (Ma-km 363,78 bis 364,75 und Ma-km 364,78 bis 364,94) ................................................................................... 37 4.10 Abschnitt 10, geplante Uferzurücknahme linkes Ufer (Ma-km 364,88 bis 365,67) ..... 38 4.11 Abschnitt 11, geplante Uferzurücknahmen rechtes Ufer (Ma-km 365,38 bis 365,44 und Ma-km 365,58 bis 366,25) ...................................................................... 39 4.12 Abschnitt 12, geplanter Ausbau des unteren Vorhafens Schleuse Limbach (Ma- km 366,56 - 366,98) .................................................................................................. 39 5 VERWENDETE UNTERLAGEN ........................................................................................ 41 ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS Abbildung 1: Habitatpräferenzen der aculeaten Hymenopteren ......................................... 26 Abbildung 2: Abbruchkante am Mainufer im Übergang zum Grünland, Probestelle 20 bei Mariaburghausen (Ma-km 354,65); höchste Anzahl aculeater Arten ........ 34 Abbildung 3: Aufgerissene Uferböschung, Probestelle 25 westlich Knetzgau; artenreiche Aculeatenfauna .......................................................................... 36 TABELLENVERZEICHNIS Tabelle 1: Abschnitte und Probestellen Wildbienen und Wespen .................................... 2 Tabelle 2: Anzahl der nachgewiesenen Rote-Liste-Arten ............................................... 23 Tabelle 3: Nachgewiesene Brutparasiten und ihre Wirte mit Angabe der Fundort- Abschnitte ..................................................................................................... 27 Tabelle 4: Bewertungsrelevante Arten des Untersuchungsraumes ................................ 29 ANHANG Anhang A-1: Fundorte Bienen und Wespen PLÄNE Plan 3-1-1 bis 3-1-11 Faunistische Kartierung 2006/2007, Übersicht Maßstab 1:2.500 Plan 3-4-1 bis 3-4-11 Faunistische Kartierung 2006/2007, Libellen, Heuschrecken und Bienen Maßstab 1:2.500 BISCHOFF & PARTNER AUSBAU DER BUNDESWASSERSTRASSE MAIN IN DEN STAUHALTUNGEN OTTENDORF UND KNETZGAU – HEFT 3.5 BIENEN UND WESPEN SEITE 1 1 EINFÜHRUNG Im Rahmen des Ausbaus der Bundeswasserstraße Main werden durch das Wasserstraßen- Neubauamt Aschaffenburg in den Stauhaltungen Ottendorf und Knetzgau (Ma-km 344,50 bis 367,20) Uferzurücknahmen und der Ausbau der Vorhäfen an den Schleusen Ottendorf, Knetzgau und Limbach geplant. Dabei sind folgende Mainabschnitte gemäß Leistungsbe- schreibung betroffen: Stauhaltung Ottendorf: Ma-km 344,50 - 346,00 (Ausbau der Vorhäfen Schleuse Ottendorf) Ma-km 353,20 - 359,20 (Uferzurücknahmen) Ma-km 359,20 - 359,60 (Ausbau des unteren Vorhafens Schleuse Knetzgau) Stauhaltung Knetzgau: Ma-km 360,00 - 360,50 (Ausbau des oberen Vorhafens Schleuse Knetzgau) Ma-km 362,00 - 366,40 (Uferzurücknahmen) Ma-km 366,50 - 367,00 (Ausbau des unteren Vorhafens Schleuse Limbach) Zur Einschätzung der Projektwirkungen auf Flora und Fauna wurde das Ingenieurbüro Bi- schoff & Partner, 55442 Stromberg, mit vegetationskundlichen und faunistischen Unter- suchungen durch das Wasserstraßen-Neubauamt Aschaffenburg beauftragt. Die Untersu- chungen sind abgeschlossen, die Ergebnisse werden hiermit in drei Heften vorgelegt: Heft 1: Biotoptypenkartierung Heft 2: Pflanzensoziologische Kartierung und Einschätzung der Beeinträchtigung der Vegetation Heft 3: Faunistische Untersuchungen Das vorliegende Heft beschreibt die Untersuchungsergebnisse für die Tiergruppe Bienen und Wespen. Die Aculeatenfauna des Untersuchungsraumes wurde auf 55 Probestellen innerhalb der ge- planten Ausbaumaßnahmen in einem Streifen von 50 m Breite vom Ufer aus erfasst. Die Auswahl der Probestellen orientierte sich dabei am Vorhandensein geeigneter Niststandorte wie Sandflächen, Abbruchkanten, Wegraine, Böschungen oder vegetationsarme Uferberei- che und Nahrungshabitate wie blütenreiche Säume oder Auwälder mit Salix-Beständen. Untersucht wurden nur Bereiche, die in direktem Zusammenhang mit dem Fluss und seinen durch das Flussregime hervorgerufenen Biotoptypen stehen. Nicht vom Fluss beeinflusste Biotoptypen (z.B. Weinbergshänge, Trockenstandorte, Ruderalflächen, Grünland, Sied- lungsbereiche), die eine Vielzahl von teilweise seltenen und stark eingenischten Aculeaten beherbergen, wurden nur dann untersucht, wenn sie die geplanten Ausbaumaßnahmen un- mittelbar tangierten. BISCHOFF & PARTNER AUSBAU DER BUNDESWASSERSTRASSE MAIN IN DEN STAUHALTUNGEN OTTENDORF UND KNETZGAU – HEFT 3.5 BIENEN UND WESPEN SEITE 2 Eine Einschätzung der durch die geplanten Ausbaumaßnahmen zu erwartenden Beeinträch- tigungen erfolgt auf Grundlage des bisherigen Planungstandes (Scoping-Unterlagen vom 15.6.2004). Es werden Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung, Verminderung oder zur Kompensation der Beeinträchtigungen vorgeschlagen. 2 METHODIK Die Probestellen wurden in der Zeit von Juni bis September 2006 und von März bis August 2007 im Rahmen von 18 Exkursionen (11 ganztägige und 7 halbtägige Begehungen) auf ihre Aculeatenfauna untersucht. Hinzu kam ein Termin zur Nachuntersuchung im Mai 2008. Da- bei wurden die Begehungstermine so verteilt, dass eine Frequentierung jedes Abschnitts im Frühjahr (März bis Mai), Früh- und Hochsommer (Juni bis Juli) und Spätsommer (August bis September)
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