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The Home Economics Department Grows

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The Home Economics Department Grows April, 1927] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 113 8. Verb Tests C. Determine the necessary additions a. Achievement Test in Verbs—Wil- for nurse's office which is to serve as kins, Lawrence A. the bed-living room; bed, bedding, table and chair, window seat, cur- The use of standardized tests shows the 3 tains, draperies. following : 2. Prepare a set of principles to be follow- 1. Normal growth in ability to read, write, ed in the selection of the equipment: speak, and understand a foreign langu- A. Dining room equipment and acces- age by successive semesters sories ; table service and linen, china, 2. Effect of varying methods on different silver, window shades and draperies, abilities in language study floor and wall covering. 3. Effect on achievement in various abil- B. Bed-living room equipment and deco- ities by age that the study began by vary- rations. ing periods of disuse 3. Purchase the equipment; By the use of these tests the teacher can A. Secure manufacturer's literature to discover where the weakness of each pupil be studied for comparison of prod- lies. With this information it is much ucts and prices. easier to aid the pupil in his language study. B. Make group surveys of local markets Frances Cabell for suitable products and prices. C. Report findings to class, and devise budget. THE HOME ECONOMICS D. Purchase articles agreed upon. DEPARTMENT GROWS 4. Place equipment and decorations : THE senior home economics class in A. Plan arrangement of storage space the Harrisonburg High School con- for linen, china, and silver. sists of sixteen girls. They meet B. Rearrange office to make the bed- three times a week for eighty-minute living room. periods. During the spring term of twelve C. Make draperies, day-bed cover, and weeks they will have as a class problem window-seat cushion. the enlargement of the laboratory facilities 5. Select a related home problem for indi- of the William H. Keister School. This vidual work: problem will center their attention on prin- A. Choose problem in which the indi- ciples of interior decoration, house arrange- vidual is most interested and obtain ment, household purchasing, and home man- parents' consent to carry it out. agement. B. Plan the problem, studying the pres- ent method used, making a digest of Part One. What the Girls Will Do what must be accomplished, and out- 1. Survey entire situation with view to lining the method of attack. making necessary changes: C. Work out the plan, changing outline A. Check on the present floor plan, the as necessary, standardizing the meth- equipment on hand, and on the light- od, and drawing conclusions. ing arrangement. D. Report to class, giving the original B. Determine the necessary additions plan, the alterations, and conclusions. for the dining room; linen, silver, china, glass, wall and floor coverings, Part Two. Information the Girls Will draperies. Need 1. They will learn the possibilities of ma- 3Modern Foreign Language Study. The Vir- ginia Teacher, VI (1925) pp 270-73. terials on hand: 114 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER April, 1927] A. They will see the value of placing for linen are water or absorption, furniture in units according to the burning, tearing, and the glycerine intended use of the articles and the test; linen is woven in single or artistic appeal of the entire room. double damask; a good quality of B. They will learn how to renovate and single damask wears better than a remodel through cleaning surfaces poor quality of double damask; and draperies, repainting surfaces, small "allover" patterns are superior changing draperies, and making win- to large patterns as the latter are dow seat and dressing table. likely to pull in laundering; all linen C. They will see the importance of launders better than cotton and is selecting new furniture in accord more attractive; the firmness of with present possessions. weave depends on the number of 2. They will learn what to look for in buy- threads per square inch, 180-220 ing: warp threads being medium to fine; A. They will consider; (1) the real use methods of bleaching have influence of the article to be purchased; (2) on wearing qualities. the kind of article wanted—our bed D. They will learn about silver; the best must have a footboard about ten shape and size of pieces; the effect of inches above the mattress if it is to design on cleaning and appearance; be used as a daybed; (3) the latest the patterns made only in plate or and best offering of manufacturers solid and the patterns made in both; in the field; and (4) the definite cost the types of plate, single, double, limit to be set. trible, reinforced, inlay block; the B. They will learn about china and por- cost of silver and plated wear. celain; types of household pottery E. They will learn about glass; the de- are earthernware and porcelain or termining qualities are smoothness, china ware; the inner body of earth- brilliancy, whiteness, transparency, enware is soft while that of porce- freedom from bubbles and cloudi- lain is hard; china or porcelain has ness; the kinds are lead and lime a hard glaze, is non-absorbing and glass, lead glass being tough and lime brittle; china comes in firsts and sec- glass brittle; the decoration is done onds, firsts being perfect in shape, by etching with acid or with emery design, and glaze; seconds may be wheels; pressed glass is less expen- bought if the imperfection is in shape sive than cut glass and therefore or design, but not if it is in glaze as more desirable for every day service. this affects durability and sanitation; F. They will learn about curtains and china is sold either by the set or in draperies; they are used to give open stock, the latter being the pref- warmth, cheer and color to a room, erable way to buy. also to shield the room; they should C. They will learn about linen; the cloth be washable, non-fading, and rust- should hang about % yard from resisting; plain draperies should be table; table runners and mats are at- used with figured rugs and vice tractive and practical on a bare table; versa; heavy materials exclude light; a dozen napkins should be allowed the style of draperies should suit the for each cloth. The qualities desired windows and room; the most com- in table linen are smooth texture, mon materials used are crash, sun- brilliancy of appearance, ease of giv- fast, cretonne, rayon, linen, poplin, ing up soil, and durability; the tests denim, velour, mohair, velvet, and April, 1927] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER 115 plush. The most common materials 90 ins. by 96 ins., and 90 ins. by for curtains are cheese cloth, dimity, 108 ins.; there should be a 12-18 ins. scrim, marquisette, voile, and net, turn on all sides. Standard size for these being lighter in weight and pillow slips is 22^ ins. by 36 ins. pattern than materials for draperies. Bedspreads may be made of almost Hangers for draperies and curtains any material, the most common being are wooden poles, brass rods, goose- cretonne, muslin, dimity, marseilles, neck rods, or wooden rings. Win- or crochet. Blankets must be soft dow shades are used for protection and warm, but not heavy; 60 to 80 and are made of linen or cotton; they per cent of wool is a good grade should lap two inches at the side and blanket; the quality of the wool is turn six inches at the top; duplex due to the length of wool fiber in the shades are good with the light color weave. on the inside of the room; a dark 3. They will see the application of budgets: color on inside of the room does not A. They will leam how to plan for ex- give an attractive effect. penditures by finding total income G. They will learn about beds and bed- for a definite period, listing fixed ding; metal beds are more sanitary charges for the period, arranging than wooden ones; standard sizes charges to fit the income, and then for beds vary, being usually 6 ft. to dividing the budget into six head- 6 ft. 3 ins. long, and 4 ft. 6 ins. wide ings; shelter, food, clothing, operat- for full size, 4 ft wide for three ing expenses, savings and advance- quarter size, 3 ft. to 3 ft. 6 ins. for ment. single bed, and 2 ft. 6 ins. to 3 ft. B. They will find out how to adjust a for couch bed. Four types of budget to their problem by: determin- springs are common : woven wire for ing the income, listing the necessary cots and cheap beds; woven wire expenditures, studying the market with spring coils at the ends which value of articles to be purchased, can be renewed if necessary; na- purchasing according to budget al- tional springs built of sections of lowance, and delaying purchase of wire and strong springs at end of needed articles if necessary funds each wire for tension, this being a are lacking. medium priced spring; spiral spring, C. They will learn the economic prin- vertical wire spirals set on a wooden ciples involved in budget making: or metal base; and box springs made The percentage spent on rent, operat- by covering the spiral with a thin ing, and clothing are more nearly mattress. Materials used for mat- fixed than that spent on food, ad- tress and pillows are: com husks, vancement and savings; the lower grass or hay, cotton tufting, cotton the income the higher the percentage felt built up of layer on layer of spent on food, the lower the income thin cotton enclosed in a tick, wool the less spent on advancement and felt made in the same way as cotton savings; the higher the income the felt, hair, feathers, and kapoc, the less spent on food, the higher the in- latter being used largely for couch come the more spent on savings and pillows.
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