2013 Painting Final Exam Review -Mrs. Meisner - Class Copy – Do NOT Keep! *The Final Exam is over all the vocabulary listed below. You may use YOUR hand written notes on the test. You may NOT use photocopies, or other students notes.

The elements of art: Basic building blocks of an artwork: Lines, shapes, form, space, texture, value, color 1. Line: a moving dot. Can vary in width, direction, curvature, & length. 2. Shape: when a line encloses a space. 2 Dimensions = Length & Width. 2 types: Geometric = straight & angular Organic = smooth, curvy, free-form. 3. Form: When space is added to a shape. 3 Dimensional objects have Height, Width, Depth. 2 types: geometric or organic. 4. Space: volume or distance. In a picture, space is an illusion that creates the feeling of depth. Types: Positive & Negative space, overlapping, scale change, etc. 5. Texture: surface quality of objects. Actual texture is how something feels (rough, smooth, bumpy). Implied texture is how an artist creates the illusion of texture in drawings. 6. Value: Lightness & darkness of objects. Artists use shading to show the illusion of value. A value scale refers to black, white & all the gradations of gray in between. Types: smooth, hatching, cross-hatching, stipple, etc… 7. Color: is made of light. Hue = pigments (red, yellow, etc.) Value = lightness & darkness of a color. Intensity = saturation (paleness or weakness of a color). Color Schemes = color combinations (primary, secondary, intermediate, warm, cool, analogous, complementary, etc.)

Principles of Design: the different ways of combining the elements of art to achieve a desired effect of balance, variety, contrast, unity, emphasis, pattern, movement/rhythm, or proportion! 1. Balance: To give parts of an artwork equal “visual weight” (symmetrical - same, asymmetrical-different or radial- circular) 2. Variety: combining elements that contrast (difference) 3. Contrast: extreme opposites 4. Unity / Harmony: the feeling that all parts of a design belong together and work as a team 5. Emphasis: calling attention to an object by using size or placement. 6. Pattern: repeating elements (lines, shapes or colors) to organize the design 7. Movement / Rhythm: creating a sense of action, motion, or excitement by using patterns 8. Proportion: the relationship of size, location or amount of one thing to another

Still Life Drawing – Drawing from Observation: 1. Still life: a depiction of inanimate objects (Not living) 2. Drawing from observation: Look at the objects … studies their shape, where the light falls & the shadows the objects make in relation to the other objects. The objects in your still life should OVERLAP each other to show a sense of SPACE. Include CAST SHADOWS& HIGHLIGHTS! Draw what you SEE, not what you “know” or think you see. 3. Composition: The way you arrange & divide the space in your artwork 4. Dynamic Equilibrium – Exciting balance 5. Charcoal: Compressed burned wood used for drawing. Charcoal is so fast, direct 6. Gestural drawing: used to block in the layout of the basic shapes in the composition. compared to a scribble drawing. 7. Contrast: the extreme differences in values, colors, textures or other elements 8. Chiraoscuro: An Italian word that means boldly contrasting light and dark. The technique of was developed during the Renaissance 9. Dutch artists were painting pictures of objects 10. Secular (not religious) imagery became popular in Dutch art for 2 reasons: 1. The Protestant Reformation 2. The rise of the Middle class 11. Paul Cézanne (1800’s)was a French painter, often called the father of modern art, 12. Contemporary Artists: artists living & working today Ellen Berman & Janet Fish

Alternative Self- Portrait Vocabulary: 1. Portrait = a picture of a person’s face 2. Self -Portrait = A portrait an artist makes using himself or herself as the subject. 3. Grid enlarging = process of using a grid to enlarge an image; for copying very precisely 4. Proportion = The size of one object compared to another. A part considered in relation to the whole. 5. Facial proportions = Guidelines that help you get the general size,& position of features placed correctly on the face. 6. Body Proportions = the study of relation of human body parts to each other and to the whole. 7. Alternative Self Portrait = A self- portrait that is not just “traditional”. Make it unique & interesting, different & creative to you! Express yourself! 8. Frida Kahlo – Mexican artist who’s tragic life inspired her self-portraits. 9. Andy Warhol – Pop art style about popular culture 10. A mind map is a diagram used to represent words, ideas, pictures, tasks or other items linked to and arranged radially around a central key word or idea.

Pop Art Painting Project: 1. Criticism: the analysis and judgment of an artwork. There are 4 parts to art criticism: describing, analyzing, interpreting, and judging. 2. Your Project: Create a painting communicating an idea from today’s popular culture. Use one of the artist’s styles to model after. 3. Pop Art: a movement that produced images of everyday objects, using popular, mass-media symbols as subject matters. 4. Roy Lichtenstein: Imitates comic book style as a part of commercial popular culture Lichtenstein reproduces the mechanical process of print 5. James Rosenquist: Considered a founder of the Pop Art Movement; Rosenquist adapted the visual language of advertising and pop culture (often funny, vulgar, and outrageous) to the context of fine art. 6. Mechanical reproduction: to mass produce an idea and or image through a form of quick and cheap production 7. Popular Culture: ideas, perspectives, attitudes, memes, images, and other phenomena that are mainstream in a culture 8. Andy Warhol: Embodies ideas of Pop art that reflect power, beauty and popular culture Possibly consider celebrity obsession 9. Ed Ruscha: References “American vernacular landscape”; Applied commercial techniques and styles to his own artwork.

Collaborative Project: 1. Juxtaposition: to place two contrasting or opposing elements side-by-side 2. Surrealism: a movement in art, developed from dada, characterized by the juxtaposition of images that include the unconscious and dream elements 3. Street Art Mural: A Visual Art form in public places, referred to as unendorsed art. Styles can include traditional artwork, sculpture, graffiti, sticker art, wheat pasting and , video projection, art intervention, , and street installations. 4. James Rosenquist: James Rosenquist began his career as a billboard painter Applied style with disorienting fractures and recombinations of images. 5. OS Gemeos: Os Gemeos- Gustavo and Otavio Pandolfo, identical twin brothers whose pseudonym means “the twins” in Portuguese. blend ideas from the artist’s daily life with the fantasy or “ludico” world where the recognizable is harmonically blended with the abstract. 6. Shepard Fairey: American contemporary graphic designer and illustrator who emerged from the skateboarding scene. Multi-layered renderings of counter-cultural revolutionaries and rap, punk and rock stars, as well as updated and re-imagined propaganda-style posters, carry his signature graphic style, marked by his frequent use of black, white, and red.