BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie Volume 59-1 - June 2017

IN THIS ISSUE: • The 17th ICS is almost here • Reports of Commissions • France Habe Prize 2016 - the winner • Congress “HYPOGEA 2017” in the magnificent Cappadocia and more... BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie

Table of Contents

BULLETIN Editorial - Looking Forward ...... 3 Official publication of the UIS for publicizing the activities of the UIS and the state of the art of Report of History of Speleology Commission ...... 4 international speleology - 2017© Report of Cave Rescue Commission...... 10

EDITOR IN CHIEF Report of Cave Diving Commission ...... 23 Efraín MERCADO (Puerto Rico) Congress “HYPOGEA 2017” - Report of Artificial Cavities Commission ...... 25

GRAPHIC EDITION Report of Speleotherapy Commission ...... 28 Nivaldo COLZATO (Brazil) Report of Informatics Commission / Working group Publications Exchange .... 42 DISCLAIMER France Habe Prize 2016 ...... 44 The views and opinions expressed in this bulletin are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect In Memoriam - Sami Karkabi ...... 52 the official policy or position of the International Union of Speleology or its Bureau members unless Calendar of Events 2017-2018 ...... 53 stated. UIS reserves it rights to admit or refuse any 17 th ICS, Australia 2017 ...... 54 article that does not fulfill UIS standards or criteria. UIS Bureau 2013/2017 ...... 55

Active Nations Members List ...... 56

Annual Contributions and Bank Account ...... 57

Union Internationale Guide for submitting and publishing articles in the UIS Bulletin ...... 58 de Spéléologie Founded in Postojna, Slovenia, 1965 Editor’s Disclosure ...... 60 The UIS is a non-profit, non-governmental worldwide speleological organization that promotes the development of interaction between academic and technical speleologists of a wide Before submitting articles for the range of nationalities to develop and coordinate international speleology in all of its scientific, UIS Bulletin, please refer to the technical, cultural and economic aspects. NON DISCRIMINATION POLICY guide on page 58 Click here! The UIS prohibits discrimination against its member nations, volunteers, and providers on the Deadline for submissions for the next issue (Nº 59-2) basies of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial November 30, 2017 or parental status or sexual orientation. Should you have any question, please direct your inquiriry to: Dr. Fadi NADER - UIS General Secretary COVER [email protected] Cappadocia, Turkey - The richness and variety of artificial cavities, within Alternatively, write to: one of the most beautiful natural landscapes in the world. The local hosted Union Internationale de Spéléologie the International Congress of Speleology in Artificial Cavities “HYPOGEA Titov trg 2 - 6230, Postojna - Slovenia 2017” (see on page 25). WEBSITE: Font: http://www.uis-speleo.org/ https://thehappinessprojectlondon.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/dsc_04641.jpg SCIENTIFIC MEMBER OF REMEMBER The UIS Bulletin as a complete SAVE A TREE; issue can be distributed freely. DO NOT PRINT IF UNNECESARY http://www.icsu.org

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 2/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie Editorial LOOKING FORWARD By Efraín MERCADO (Puerto Rico) - Editor in Chief UIS Vice-President of Operations [email protected]

or the last four years UIS Bulletin has been as a sound recognition to the work of Cristian transformed from a basic information issue DODELIN, the French Federation of Speleology Fto a powerful enhanced instrument to ser- and so many others who place the flag of the ve the cavers all around the world with easy to UIS and its countries in the summit. read, updated information regarding the orga- When we look forward we encourage nization and its members. This means a lot of commissions to keep the excellent work done fine job done across the world, with the extra- toward our community and countries in the best ordinary help of very talented people with the interest of science, technology and knowledge. desire to bring their best for the speleology. Time is short and we are responsible to find out Nowadays the bulletin became an easy and motivate newcomers, cavers and scientists to reach information and very useful in order to that will shape the next UIS. New ideas means fulfill today’s advanced request and technolo- new ways to do things, to enhance, to test, to gical needs. We continue to work hard to give implement and to advance speleology. the best. The easier a reader can became in Whilst, not necessarily everybody is taking control of the information the fast it will spread advantage of this easy to reach technology, we out. That’s a goal for us. encourage you to do it. Time changes required Meanwhile important events are happe- change of mind. This is a time to share with all ning in the worldwide speleology. As we get countries. Missing this chance of information prepared for the next challenges, UIS Bulletin exchange and get known is something to avoid. serves as a connection point to them. This is UIS belongs to all of us. We are part of it, we all the case of the next ICS2017 in Sydney, Austra- are the UIS. Do not wait four years more to let lia, “Caves in Ancient Land,” an extremely valu- know your ideas, projects and future vision for able chance to get in touch with the marvels of a stronger UIS. Share it now! the country and its speleology. This bulletin represents the clear image Looking forward means taking a chance that together we should, we must look forward. to foresee our future. Is to encourage thru parti- Everybody’s ideas are welcomed. UIS is not far, cipation of all UIS members the recognition and is closer to each one that looks for a better spe- realization of the “Year of the Caves and Karst”, leology no matter where they live. in our next ICS2021 celebration, giving all our Look forward, there is a bright future co- strength and hard work toward it with the help ming on. Be part of it! Knowledge that is not of worldwide recognized organizations and shared is useless or have little or no value. UNESCO. Also looking forward means compro- mise to keep the efforts and to help train new cavers thru de UIS Cave Rescue Commission,

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REPORT of activities 2016 History of Speleology Commission Commission pour l’histoire de la spéléologie

By Bernard Chirol (France), President [email protected]

Abstract ne année riche pour moi, grâce au réseau de A very rich year 2016 concerning history of spe- contacts à travers le monde, intéressés par leology. The work about female contribution goes l’histoire de la spéléologie et de la karstologie. on and many thanks to all people who helped me. A U lecture has been created, already given in France, UK Histoire mondiale de la contribution and very soon in Sydney. des femmes à la spéléologie: ce travail enta- Hungary, Belgium, Yorkshire were visited this mé fin 2015 avance. Je remercie en outre tous les year by your servant… spécialistes qui m’ont donné les statistiques de leurs Another survey concerns the lost pothole of pays. Une conférence est née de cette recherche en the sinkhole of the Rhône river (Ain, France) between cours, ne montrant que quelques aspects de cette Lyon and Geneva. Ancient texts, new pionneer of ca- longue quête des femmes pour l’égalité de considé- ving in 1883 (lecture created). ration, pour accomplir librement leurs rêves. Elle Many other sites, places studied and protected a été donnée à l’Eurospéléo du Yorkshire puis aux in France but a great moment was an international Rencontres d’octobre du spéléo-club de Paris en Ar- course for women in the Jura Mountains (France) in dèche, enfin à Villefranche-sur-Saône, près de Lyon. September- October. Voyage en Hongrie en février: visite libre de A project is to present at Sydney ICS a request grottes grâce à la gentillesse de la famille Hegedus concerning the classification of our Commission in the présente sur le site aménagé de Szemlö-Hegy et ré- “Research department” instead of in the “Documenta- cupération de données historiques. Reconnaissance tion” one. de l’emplacement du réseau noyé de Molnar égale- My colleagues Knolle, Mattes, Bozic, Mulaome- ment. En mars, visite sportive payante avec Roland rovic, Pearson, Cigna, Hegedus, Craven have written Pélissier de l’Aven Noir qui est une véritable merveil- their personal reports joined further in this article. le souterraine à la limite Gard/Aveyron (France). Un Special mention for my friend Lionel Barriquand nouveau mode luxueux de spéléologie… who found a new regional pionneer of speleology Poursuite de la surveillance de deux sites du (sport ans science) in Blanot (Saône-et-Loire, France). Jura sud (France), dans l’Ain, à Jujurieux et Glan- Old texts discovered in Cluny Abbay show the impor- dieu où j’ai guidé 35 villageois locaux en septembre tance for the world of his descents in 1739. avant une conférence sur l’histoire des découvertes dans la grotte des Cascades de Glandieu et une autre For all details, ask to [email protected] sur le gouffre perdu de la Perte du Rhône. Une conférence en avril à Bourg-en-Bresse PS: I must add that France owns now two ama- sur l’histoire du canyon de la Cluse des Hôpitaux zing and pedagogical sites with the Lascaux IV and (France) dans le sud Jura avec approche en tant que Grotte Chauvet (Combe d’Arc) reconstitutions. voie de passage (d’après le livre “Cluse, toujours tu m’intéresses” de 2007).

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Le géomorphosite caché de la Perte du descendeur Dad. Mr Quinif nous a accueillis sur ses Rhône à Bellegarde/Valserine entre Lyon et sites où s’exerce une surveillance pointue de la tec- Genève. tonique. Merci à J.-M. Mattlet. Pour varier un peu et suite à réception d’un Au printemps, j’eus la chance de pouvoir ren- article de presse, j’ai ressorti mon dossier “Perte du contrer Dominique Saint Pierre qui travailla avec Rhône” pour construire une nouvelle conférence qui moi pour améliorer ma conférence “Pertes du Rhô- pourrait bien donner un nouveau livre sur ce gouffre ne” grâce à une masse de documents accumulés lors en fond de canyon, creusé par une disparition cour- de son ouvrage exemplaire pour “Les gorges perdues te du plus puissant fleuve de France: vraisemblable- du Haut-Rhône” paru en 2013. ment lors des fusions glaciaires, les calcaires urgo- J’ai donné plusieurs heures de mon temps niens ont laissé s’enfoncer le fleuve qui disparaissait pour présenter le patrimoine géologique de l’Ain entièrement lors des étiages hivernaux. Les eaux du (Massif du Jura sud) à deux journalistes travaillant barrage de Génissiat l’ont submergé en 1948! Ce site pour l’émission de France 3 “Des racines et des ailes” défendu par Martel vers 1911 disparaissait ainsi. en pure perte, la Production ayant opté pour l’option Des hommes ont tenté de l’explorer avant la Révo- “châteaux”. Cette émission va être diffusée prochai- lution française puis un pionnier y est descendu lors nement. d’une catastrophe qui avait barré le Rhône en amont J’ai donc pu tester auprès des spéléologues lo- en 1883. caux ma nouvelle conférence (doublée en octets) Cette conférence est prévue parmi les 4 de sur la perte du Rhône en Juin à Bellegarde et faire Sydney (ICS). un pèlerinage près du site englouti sous 40 m d’eau. J’ai participé au repérage et à l’inspection Un petit voyage à Rome en juillet ne m’a pas d’une grotte aux ours, perdue sur les versants vraiment apporté grand-chose en spéléo, si ce ne des Monts Jura à Divonnes-les-Bains près de Genève sont les ancêtres de tenues de plongée imaginées avec une équipe qui s’étoffe et étudie le site dans une Réserve Naturelle (Bertrand Valton, Gérald Fa- vre, …). En mai, j’ai pu découvrir (il était temps) les karsts de Han-sur-Lesse en Belgique grâce à l’accueil des collègues belges qui ont vidé des siphons pour nous. Un autre a rassemblé des anciennes tenues ayant appartenu à De Joly ou encore toutes sortes de vieux matériels spéléos auxquels j’ai rajouté un © collection Dominique Saint-Pierre © collection J. Botazzi J. “Perte du Rhône” - Photo october 1899 showing the Chinese Female caving sinkhole of the Rhône-River, France.

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 5/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie par Léonardo Da Vinci (Musée). A l’automne, l’Association pour l’Education En août, le Congrès de l’EUROSPELEO Populaire de Villefranche-sur-Saône m’a donné dans le Yorkshire fut magnifique comme le l’occasion dans un cycle “Sciences de la Terre” temps. Des orchestres, des conférences où j’ai pris de proposer 6 conférences dont certaines ont été plaisir à rencontrer le Doctorant Pearson qui travaille déjà mentionnées dans ce rapport et auxquelles on sur d’anciens textes traitant des grottes dont il nous rajoutera une présentation générale de l’Histoire de donne la signification pour l’évolution de la pensée la spéléologie, à partir du travail présenté à Brno en des hommes. Finalement, grâce aux collègues équi- 2013 ainsi que la biographie du karstologue Jean peurs, à David Saint-Pierre, j’ai eu la chance d’aller Corbel. Josiane et Bernard Lips ont présenté l’activité sous terre chaque jour et de parcourir ces landes grâce au Massif de Samoëns, où se trouve le gouffre couvertes de bruyère et parcourues par les moutons. Jean Bernard. Le cycle se termine en mars. Visite en prime du musée Wordworth, amateur des Ces conférences sur l’histoire (générale et fé- grottes, dans le Lake District. minine) ont également été données lors du stage Que du bonheur! Conférences données: His- international féminin (une aubaine pour mon toire spéléologique de Chypre; Femmes spéléolo- travail) dans le Doubs (massif du Jura nord en Fran- gues (histoire); Les plus vieux plans de grotte (voir ce). Ce stage que j’ai finalement contribué à enca- Bulletin UIS et Spéléo Magazine). drer aussi techniquement du 26 septembre au 1er Tout au long de l’année et ce depuis Brno octobre m’a remis le pied à l’étrier et permis une (2013) où nous avions évoqué avec Laurence Tan- enquête auprès des 12 stagiaires de 6 nationalités. guille la possibilité d’un congrès UIS à Lyon en 2021, La direction fut assurée par Nathalie Witt et Céline celle-ci, avec OnlyLyon et les spéléos de Rhône-Al- Barrère de la ligue Lorraine. Mon travail reste en cours. pes a œuvré pour l’acceptation du dossier qui sera J’ai participé à l’encadrement d’un autre stage, entérinée, je l’espère à Sydney (ICS 2017). de découverte, intitulé “stage famille” où mères © Boléro Magazine

DESCENT CHAMPION - Cover of the issue 126 of the Boléro Magazine, 1952, showing Mile Claude Neilz, 19-year-old, who had just beaten the women’s world record by forcing 400 meters underground.

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 6/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie et enfants étaient présents parmi les 17 participants Kartographiehistorisches Kolloquium D-A-CH en décembre à Hauteville-Lompnes (Massif sud Jura (Wien 9/2016) de l’Ain, France). Une approche intéressante… Disciplining Interdisciplinarity–The develop- En prévision de Sydney (ICS 2017), j’ai émis ment of speleology as a “handbook science” (1870– une requête que le Bureau de l’UIS m’a demandé de 1920) présenter en AG en Australie: faire passer la Com- International Congress of the European Socie- mission Histoire dans le département “Recherche” ty for the History of Science (Prague 9/2016). au lieu d’être dans l’actuel département “Documen- Between Occultism and Guided Science – Cave tation”. Excavations of the SS Research Community “Das Ah- Je vais maintenant vous parler des rapports nenerbe” (1935–1945). établis par mes collègues, sachant que j’ai eu de International Geological Congress, Session of nombreux échanges avec F. Knolle (Vice-Président), the International Commission for the History of Ge- J. Mattes, F. Pearson, A. Cigna, S. Craven, S. Gotto, osciences (Capetown 8/2016). G. Hegedus, D. Saint-Pierre, P. Strinati, T. Shaw, M. Between Nature and Culture: Concepts of Kno- Laumanns, J. Mulaomerovic, V. Bozic, G. Badino, C. wledge and Space in Historical Cave Maps (1500- Benedetto et beaucoup d’autres actifs dans le mon- 1800). de. Je remercie encore une fois celles et ceux qui ont Scientiae – International Congress on the Dis- contribué à ma “spéléologie féminine” en cours. ciplines of Knowing in the Early Modern Age (Oxford 7/2016). Friedhart Knolle a travaillé sur l’activité des services secrets est-allemands concernant les spélé- Publications: os, conférence déjà donnée lors de la karst-school du Günter Stummer, Lukas Plan, Johannes Mat- 50ème anniversaire de l’UIS. Bärbel Vogel s’est join- tes: Höhlenkundliche Organisationen. In: Christoph te à lui pour montrer comment notre activité était Spötl / Lukas Plan / Erhard Christian (Hg.): Karst suspecte mais également intéressante sur le plan und Höhlen in Österreich. Linz: Oberösterr. Landes- militair pour le régime de l’ancienne DDR. Friedhart museen 2016. S. 391-398. fut lui-même fiché. Johannes Mattes: Geschichte der Höhlen- Avec ses collègues de la VDHK et dans les pa- forschung. Von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des ges de leur Mitteilungen 2 (2016), ils nous appor- 20. Jahrhunderts. In: Christoph Spötl / Lukas Plan / tent des informations sur Hermannshöhle d’après des Erhard Christian (Hg.): Karst und Höhlen in Österrei- documents de 1888, ainsi que sur Baumannshöhle dans ch. Linz: Oberösterr. Landesmuseen 2016. S. 377-390. le Harz. Johannes Mattes: Höhlennutzung seit der An- - Johannes Mattes, de Vienne (Autriche) tike. In: Christoph Spötl / Lukas Plan / Erhard Chris- nous fait part des ses recherches : tian (Hg.): Karst und Höhlen in Österreich. Linz: Oberösterr. Landesmuseen 2016. S. 287-296. Lectures at conferences: Dietmar Kuffner, Barbara Wielander, Johannes (Unter)welten des Wissens: Raum-, Körper- Mattes: Trauntaler Voralpen. In: Christoph Spötl / und Geschlechterkonzepte bei der Erforschung von Lukas Plan / Erhard Christian (Hg.): Karst und Höh- Höhlen (1500-1800) len in Österreich. Linz: Oberösterr. Landesmuseen Ringvorlesung “Wissenschaftsgeschichte – 2016. S. 589-598. Themenfelder, Probleme und Perspektiven”, Univ. Johannes Mattes: Early Efforts in the Museali- Wien (Wien 11/2016) zation of Cave Research. Exemplified by the Spele- Zirkulation von Menschen und Wissensdingen ological Museum in Linz (1912–1917). – Le recenti in Wien und zwischen den Metropolen realizzazioni museali delle scoperte e delle ricerche Workshop der Kommission für Philosophie nel campo della speleologia mondiale viste anali- und Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Austrian Aca- zzando lo storico esempio del Museo Speleologico demy of Sciences (Wien 10/2016) di Linz (1912–1917). In: Atti e Memorie della Com- “Zeigen und Verschweigen”: Wissens- und missione Grotte “E. Boegan”, Trieste, 47. Jg. 2016 Raumkonzepte in historischen Höhlenkarten S. 71–88.

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Johannes Mattes: Coming from Abroad. The la Société de Spéléologie ont entretenu des relations Discourse on Scientific Centralism and Jovan Cvijić’s de coopération et d’amitié entre 1896-97 et 1924- Studies in Vienna. In: Vidojko Jović /Ana M. Petrović 25. Cette coopération entre spéléologues européens (Hg.): 150th Anniversary of Jovan Cvijić’s Birth. (et outre-Atlantique !) montre le rôle de fédérateur de Martel au tournant du siècle. Raport about history of - Frank Pearson (United Kingdom) que speleology in Croatia j’ai eu la chance de rencontrer et d’écouter durant Vlado Božić l’Eurospéléo 2016 nous fournit son rapport: Co-ordinator for the history of speleology in Croatia Frank Pearson - Department of English and Cre- In The Commission for Speleology of the Croa- ative Writing, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster. tian Mountaineering Association (CS CMA), 4 years ago, UKLA1 4YW - [email protected] on the annual meeting in the Drežnik Grad 2012, I was [email protected] elected as a Co-ordinator for the history of speleology in Croatia. On the annual meeting of CS CMA this year in My research is into the representation and expe- Karlovac I served my report for my work in 2013.-2016. rience of caves from 1660 to 1830 – in scientific writing, On the same meeting I was elected again for the speleo philosophy, travel journals, poetry and novels. Due to – historian (mandate for 4 years). the restrictions in length for a PhD, the research focus is In the past period I collected data about history the caves of Britain though I do look at texts in transla- of speleology in Croatia and with help of my friends I tion that had an impact on the British perception of the published some booklets: underground. I have been working on the following two 2013. Development of speleological equipment areas this year in order to complete my study (September ant technicts in Croatia (with Hrvoje Malinar), p.1-192. 2017). 2014. Ilustrated history of speleology in Croatoa, p.1-75 2016. History of erlarging narroings in caves and 1. The disputes between those who sought the pits, p.1-20. truth of the geological formation and age of the earth 2016. Development of lightings in speleology, p. 1-36. through empirical observation and those who believed As a coautor I participated in realization of the in the truth of biblical revelation had to include the for- booklet “60 years of the Commission for Speleolopgy of mation and function of caves. The origin and eventual the Croatian Mountaineering Assosiation, 1956 – 2016”, storage place for the water responsible for the biblical p. 1-34. (I will send it to you by post). flood was for many of the theorists and chronologists For the book of the same title, but much detailed, the key to understanding the formation of the current prepared to be published next year, I as co-autor prepa- subterranean and surface nature of the earth. How the- se theories and chronologies based on the exploration red tekst and pictures. and study of the underground changed throughout the Also, for the new book about speleology (manu- eighteenth century and into the nineteenth century and al), my friend Dalibor Paar and I prepared text and pic- how these changes in perception were evident in the tures for the article “Historry of speleology in the world scientific, philosophic and literary writings of the period and Croatia”, intended to be published next year. in relation to the underground is the subject of my re- My friends biospeleologists prepare a big book search. about Proteus anquinus, and I made a chapter about history of speleology in the world and Croatia. The book 2. A key element in the literary culture of this pe- is intended to be published next year too. riod was the fascination with the descent narrative (ka- On the Rounded table about cavediving (Drežnik tabasis), from John Milton’s Paradise Lost, through John Grad, 2012.) is agread to collect all data about divings Dryden’s translation of Virgil’s The Aeneid (and several in the Croatian caves, pits, springs and vruljas, I collect more translations during the century), the re-discovery much of that: references, kronology, schooling, acci- and transcription of the Anglo-Saxon epic, Beowulf, dants, deepet divings, etc. translations of Dante’s Inferno to William Wordsworth’s - Jasminko Mulaomerovic, de Serbie nous The Prelude, which, unlike the imaginary descents in the a offert un précieux cahier de la correspondance en- above epics, includes a descent into a real cave. Wor- tre E. A. Martel et J. Cvijic. Ces deux membres de dsworth used the metaphor of a subterranean river that

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 8/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie repeatedly surfaces and sinks in limestone country for responsable de ce Département Secours en Hongrie the workings of the creative imagination. How the clas- et fera une communication à Sydney. sical descent narrative was used by poets, novelists, phi- losophers and travellers throughout this period is also - Stephen Craven (Afrique du Sud) conti- the subject of my research. This fascination with the nue d’exhumer d’intéressants documents sur Can- underworld, the subterranean, the subconscious, the go cave: Yorkshire visitors in 1920-1938; Mapping; irrational runs alongside the rational, observational and William Guybon Atherstone in dec. 1852. Un article empirical exploration of the underground. Simpson support in “Descent 2016” et la carrière hi- malayenne de Robert Dove Leakey. - Arrigo Cigna nous signale deux études sorties récemment: Enfin, je salue mon jeune collègue Lionel Bar- Grotte meteorologica di Murisengo riquand qui a permis de mettre la main à Cluny sur (una revisitazione) sur une cavité creusée com- des documents du 18ème siècle mettant en avant la me cave à vin vers 1700 puis considérée comme un qualité de pionnier régional de la spéléologie en indicateur météo, décrite en 1795 et à nouveau étu- Bourgogne (Saône-et-Loire) du Docteur Benoît diée de nos jours pour ses qualités climatiques . Dumolin qui s’avère finalement être un jalon ig- D’autre part, un article sur la grotte de Cunar- noré mais significatif de la karstologie nationale et do Varese en Lombardie (Italie) nous fait part des mondiale. Son exploration en 1739 des grottes de premières mentions historiques vers 1490 et des Blanot montre ses théories scientifiques cohérentes explorations déterminantes des années 1940-1950. et précoces! Merci à S. Jaillet, C. Gauchon et J.-C. Contacter Arrigo pour plus de détails. Nobecourt, D. André pour leurs travaux historiques, également. - Gyula Hegedus résume l’histoire des ra- pports entre l’UIS et sa Commission secours, à tra- Pour toutes précisions et références sur ces in- vers des noms comme Bernard Urbain, de Martinoff, formations, me contacter: [email protected] Dodelin, etc ainsi que des grands rassemblements Merci à tous ces collègues et pardon pour ceux et colloques sur ce thème. Gyula est actuellement que j’ai oubliés. Fédération Française de Spéléologie (FFS) / de Spéléologie (FFS) Française Fédération © Européenne (FSE) de Spéléologie Fédération

International Crew: Sept-October 2016

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REPORT of activities cave rescue Commission By Christian Dodelin (France), UIS Adjunct Secretary / President of the UIS Cave Rescue Commission Photos © Spéléo [email protected] Secours Français

Stage Spéléo-Secours en Chine Massif de la Shuanghe - 28 octobre au 4 novembre 2015 SHUANGHE GUIZHOU CHINA - 28 October - 4 November 2015 The first Cave Rescue Training in China

Participants: 31 spéléos dont 25 stagiaires, 5 cadres et 1 personne pour la logistique. Les spéléos Chinois viennent de 9 provinces différentes.

e projet initial est d’incorporer un stage spéléo le site de la Shanghe. Dans les quatre jours qui ont secours en camp pré-congrès de la deuxième ren- suivi vingt trois candidats se manifestaient alors que Lcontre internationale de la Fédération asiatique par ailleurs quatre Malaisiens pressentis n’avaient de spéléologie. Le projet n’avait que sept stagiaires pu obtenir leur visa. inscrits une semaine avant le stage. Jean Bottazzi a Finalement, le stage se fait avec des spéléolo- ouvert le projet aux spéléologues chinois et proposé gues chinois venus de différentes régions.

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BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie Logistique Les stagiaires ont un hébergement à quelques centaines de mètres des cavités. Dans l’autre direc- tion, ils sont à égale distance d’une grotte touristique où nous prenons le repas du soir et disposons d’une salle de cours. Les cadres sont logés au bout de la vallée quatre kilomètres plus loin. Les travaux pour faire la route compliquent quelque peu les trajets qui se feront souvent à pied.

Déroulement Route en pleine construction en la vallée de la Shuanghe Journée du mercredi 28 octobre Bernard et Christian arrivent de France et sont pris en voiture à Chongqing en récupérant au passage Jeudi 29 octobre deux sacs de matériel envoyés par Erin de l’université Entrée de la grotte Hejiaodong (grotte de Guillin. En fin d’après-midi, nous sommes au com- des adeptes de He) plet dans la vallée de la Shuanghe où nous trouvons Le matin, rendez-vous est donné au porche la route en pleine construction, uniquement accessi- d’une grotte que Jean a pré-équipé la semaine précé- ble en 4X4. L’entrée en matière est instantanée. dente au cours d’un autre stage. Plus de seize cordes En effet, à peine le pied posé à terre, le repas sont en place sur les parois et une terrasse a été con- du soir est engloutit et la première réunion de pré- fectionnée au pied des voies. Cela servira de support sentation du programme déroulée. pour commencer. Le principe de l’apprentissage se fait sur une démonstration technique suivie immédiatement d’une application par les stagiaires. Les argumentaires sont donnés pour chaque point sur l’usage de la technique, ses limites afin de faire de tous des cadres potentiels. Pour la mise en oeuvre, les stagiaires se met- tent par équipe de trois. Les amarrages sont abordés en donnant les arguments qui conduisent à préférer le SPIT même si les goujons sont souvent utilisés par- ce que davantage disponibles dans le commerce. Le premier noeud incontournable est le réparti- teur sur trois points d’ancrage distincts.

Les informations sont données par les cadres en français Salle pour les communications et traduites en chinois par Jean Bottazzi.

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Rappel sur la sécurité avec la réalisation du civière au moyen de la corde par poulie bloqueur puis noeud en bout de corde dès qu’on l’utilise ; le noeud par un palan; la technique de restitution de mou de de huit est à privilégier car en plus de répondre à bon corde est vue pour chaque situation. nombre de situations, il est connu de tous. On aborde la montée par la technique du con- Il est aussi important d’avoir un enseignement trepoids en fin d’après-midi. Cette technique est la simple et contrôlable par tous. plus utilisée: elle offre plus de confort pour la victi- me en évitant les à-coups dus à l’usage du palan; elle économise l’énergie des sauveteurs; elle est rapide à mettre en place. Mais elle demande um apprentissa- ge sérieux et une bonne compréhension des places et missions de chaque opérateur. Le bilan du soir commence par une ques- tion relative aux tests et la raison pour laquelle nous avons opté pour une corde au lieu de 2 sur des tyro- liennes? Concernant la longueur des répartiteurs, elle varie de trois à six mètres. Ces éléments de corde sont conservés pour un usage unique sans frottement et ne doivent pas être employés à d’autres usages comme, par exemple, un point d’attache autour d’amarrage naturel avec frottement. Le matériel personnel: les longes manu- facturées ne correspondent pas souvent à la morpho- Le noeud répartiteur de charge logie des personnes en termes de longueurs. Deuxiè- me inconvénient: ce sont des longes donnant moins d’amplitude pour la progression. Dernier inconvé- nient: ce sont des longes hyperstatiques. L’idéal est d’opter pour des longes en corde dynamique de neuf millimètres de diamètre, qu’elles soient d’um point central d’accrochages ou séparées en deux parties. Le choix se portera sur une corde dynamique terminée par des noeuds qui servent également d’amortisseur de la force choc en cas de chute. Les mousquetons de longes préconisés sont asymétriques, simples, en veillant à ce que le doigt n’accroche pas. Eliminer les mousquetons aux doigts incurvés qui sont prévus pour un usage spécifique en escalade et inappropriés pour la spéléo. Comment déterminer la longueur des longes? La petite longe doit rester en main en ayant le coude plié au niveau du MAVC. La grande longe doit permettre d’atteindre le bloqueur lorsque l’on est em tension sur une corde de progression. Le noeud italien et sa clé d’arrêt Le choix du baudrier est important pour l’aspect confort (largeur des sangles et surface corporelle Premier atelier: descente d’une victime par soutenue par une sous-cutale). Penser au confort du contrôle sur descendeur; ce dernier est positionné sauveteur. dans le mousqueton sur le répartiteur; idem avec des- Le choix du descendeur (stop ou simple) est cendeur stop; enfin avec noeud italien et pour chaque fonction de la culture d’apprentissage. matériel la technique de blocage qui lui est propre. La pédale de pied doit devenir un outil de sé- Passage de noeud sur la corde dans um dispositif de curité. Faite en dyneema, elle est réglée à la taille du descente sachant que ça ne peut être qu’accidentel. spéléo. Il faut éviter les pédales réglables. En dyne- Deuxième atelier: Système de traction d’une ema, cela ouvre des perspectives pour de l’auto se-

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 12/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie cours. La pédale ne comporte pas de noeud. Le baudrier de poitrine doit pouvoir s’adapter facilement et être tendu lors de la montée pour gag- ner en efficacité. Quand on remonte, chargé d’un kit, l’indépendance du baudrier de poitrine par rapport au cuissard, évite des pertes de rendement. Le matériel individuel de progression, c’est un choix personnel à regarder de près pour augmenter l’efficacité et le confort. Le bloqueur de pied est important. On le retrou- ve en secours comme aide pour le régulateur et pour l’accompagnant d’une civière. L’éclairage doit être bon et suffisant pour un aux questions restent dans le domaine technique. sauveteur, que ce soit pour la progression ou pour Les paramètres non maîtrisés tels que la ro- l’équipement. che, le vieillissement des ancrages SPIT et goujon…. Le matériel personnel de survie est indispensa- Etc. démontre la nécessité de répartir les ancrages ble: couverture de survie et matériel de chauffe. dans des emplacements distincts. Nous avons eu En soirée, révision des techniques abordées l’arrachement d’un SPIT qui n’avait pas été expansé. aujourd’hui en falaise à partir des dessins publiés Il y a aussi le risque de l’erreur du fait de l’oubli dans le manuel du sauveteur. L’occasion de rappeler des équipeurs: SPIT sans cône, goujon avec vis non les usages pour chaque technique et les limites. serrée… Le contrôle est un devoir pour chacun. Il doit s’appliquer pour soi et entre nous. Nous avons abor- dé la réalisation des tyroliennes en précisant les ten- sions obtenues selon le type d’attache: 120 DaN avec le noeud italien verrouillé par noeud de mule. 200 avec descendeur simple (avec une mise en tension au moyen d’un palan déporté) et 240 avec descen- deur Stop (la corde positionnée autour de la premiè- re poulie). En matière d’efforts appliqués dans les ateliers de transfert de la victime sur un retour avec palan pour la maintenir en parcours aérien déporté, on arrive à un maximum de 400 DaN. L’essentiel, c’est Vendredi 30 octobre d’avoir les charges et tensions en mouvement et en Journée falaise: techniques verticales avec équilibre. Au sol, Il faut limiter le contrepoids par les enchaînements de montée par contrepoids et retour personnes en charge à deux pour le contrôle de par tension latérale sur palan; parcours d’une victime la trajectoire de la civière. Idem pour le nombre sur civière dans un itinéraire avec plusieurs reprises d’équipiers pour un palan en fonction des par contrepoids; mise en place de tyroliennes avec les poulies utilisées. différents systèmes de tension puis blocage de la tyro- Les techniques employées aujourd’hui répon- lienne. Le mode de blocage détermine la tension rési- dent au transfert latéral d’une victime qui peut se duelle dans la tyrolienne et permet ou non le largage faire par une tyrolienne ou par une traversée avec la de la tyrolienne sous charge. même corde tractée par um palan. L’emploi de l’une Plusieurs mises en civière permettent de se fa- ou l’autre des techniques est à écider sur le terrain. miliariser avec la civière Nest, don des établissements Au contrepoids sur la corde, on peut aider pour la PETZL au stage pour la circonstance. tension depuis le bas par des équipiers qui tiennent Soirée bilan: la corde à la main. Les contrepoids partent toujours Nous avons eu un goujon de détérioré en plus de l’ancrage pour fournir une force de tension sans des deux autres le premier jour, ce qui confirme la saccade. Le contrepoids se délonge quand la civière nécessité de répartir la charge sur trois points au a décollé. Si nous disposons de systèmes débrayables moyen du répartiteur. La rupture d’un ancrage montre sur une tyrolienne, ils doivent avoir suffisamment de la nécessité de vigilance sur tous les points de détails corde libre pour réaliser la libération et le suivi de la contribuant à la pose de ces accessoires. Les réponses corde. Il est possible de n’avoir qu’un côté débrayable.

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Sur une tyrolienne, la tension sur le répartiteur nous établissons ce qu’est un équipier puis un chef est celle de la tension initiale de la corde à laquelle d’équipe. Un stagiaire note au tableau les différentes s’ajoute le poids de la charge qu’on y met. Fin de la propositions. soirée par la projection d’un film sur les tests faits Rôles et compétences de l’équipier: en Croatie puis par celle du film sur la tyrolienne de être technique, soit autonome sous terre. Etre sur Millau, record du monde de tyrolienne sur corde uni- une liste répertoriée, connaître le matériel et savoir que de dix millimètres l’utiliser, avoir une bonne connaissance des grottes, cinq de diamètre sur une longueur de deux mil- savoir s’intégrer dans une équipe, se rendre dispo- le cent quatre vingt mètres pour quatre cent mètres nible, se former, être attentif à sa propre sécurité, de dénivelé. connaître les dangers du milieu souterrain, avoir le feu vert de son environnement familial, savoir faire Samedi 31 octobre preuve de rigueur et discipline, être apte à se plier à Parcours et succession d’ateliers dans le même une décision, avoir de bonnes capacités physiques et porche d’entrée qui permet d’appliquer toutes les te- ’endurance, savoir accepter la critique et faire preuve chniques apprises. Un contrepoids, deuxième contre- d’autocritique, participer à des entraînements régu- poids, troisième, … poursuite par tyroliennes… Mise liers, connaître le plan et les membres de l’équipe, en oeuvre avec les deux civières. être consciencieux, avoir anticipé la logistique en cas Questions du soir: d’appel, bien se connaître sur le plan émotionnel. Concernant les tyroliennes, il n’est pas néces- Rôles et compétences du chef d’équipe: con- saire de les tendre au maximum. Dans un répartiteur naître les capacités de ses équipiers, savoir connaître on peut mettre plusieurs mousquetons selon les besoins. et estimer les risques, savoir utiliser les compétences Pourquoi doit-il y avoir des chefs particulières des équipiers, posséder une grande ex- d’équipe? Pour l’organisation et la bonne réalisa- périence, être habile en communication et obtenir la tion des missions. confiance de son équipe, être clair, savoir prendre des A partir des suggestions des uns et des autres décisions, savoir écouter et entendre ce que l’autre

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 14/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie dit, en tenir compte, savoir rendre compte et expli- Toute personne signale à la surface toute situa- quer une situation. Il est le garant de l’équipe. Il en tion grave ou anormale au cours d’une opération de est le responsable et doit veiller à l’intégrité physique secours. Peut on préciser l’usage de poulie de renvoi de son équipe. pour écarter ponctuellement la corde lors d’une re- montée? C’est possible, mais pas plus de deux poulies de renvoi sinon il est préférable de faire une reprise de contrepoids. Selon l’angle de la corde et la paroi, la poulie de renvoi sera fixée à un, deux ou trois points d’ancrage. En cas de points courts, un cabestan peut s’avérer utile. C’est toujours un dispositif débrayable. L’intérêt des poulies humaines dans un grand puits permet avec un contrepoids en haut de remonter une civière avec l’aide ajoutée des poulies humaines. Dans de grandes verticales, un contrepoids peut s’arrêter sur un ancrage s’il n’est pas possible ou opportun pour lui d’aller jusqu’à sa base. Résultats Rôle et compétence Rôle et compétence des tests sur les techniques secours et commentaires de l’équipier du chef d’équipe à partir du tableau de synthèse du SSF.

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Situation de secours: en cas d’alerte, la pre- Dimanche 1er novembre mière équipe envoyée est l’ASV (équipe d’assistance Entrée supérieure Shanwangdong à la victime). Ce sont cinq ou six bons spéléos qui ne (grotte du roi de la montagne) – entrée in- sont pas médecins. Ils vont aller rapidement au con- férieure Yinhedong (grotte de la rivière de tact de la victime. l’ombre). Avec un bilan de la victime, ils noteront un cer- Exercice en grotte. Le choix se porte sur une tain nombre d’observations. Dans le même temps, traversée souterraine dans le lit d’une rivière, véri- d’autres installeront un point chaud où la victime sera table canyon souterrain. Une succession de puits et introduite. Un deuxième bilan plus complet sera alors fait. marmites profondes constituent l’essentiel des obsta- Nous disposons d’une fiche conçue par des mé- cles. Cinq équipes sont réparties avec leurs missions, decins pour porter à leur connaissance des éléments tel qu’en secours. qui leur feront Au printemps 2015, cette cavité a été le théâtre apprécier la gravité des blessures de la victime d’un drame puisqu’un jeune spéléologue, lors de et son état de dégradation. Ces fiches sont remplies l’encadrement d’un groupe, a voulu récupérer du par l’équipe ASV et la transmission des infos est fa- matériel dans l’une des vasques et y est décédé, des cilitée par le fait qu’en surface, à la réception de la suites d’une hydrocution. L’autopsie a révélée qu’il transmission et au PC, ils disposent de la même fi- n’avait pas d’eau dans les poumons. Si l’évacuation che vierge. Dans le même temps la communication dure un peu plus de deux heures, la mise en place sera établie avec la surface par TPS ou par téléphone aura pris beaucoup de temps, plus de quatre heures. (SPL). Ceci est dû en partie aux difficultés rencontrées par Présentation des TPS Nicola les stagiaires pour transposer les techniques récem- L’intérêt et l’importance de la communication ment apprises à l’environnement en trois dimensions en secours est explicite, que celle-ci s’opère par TPS d’une cavité. Nous laissons les stagiaires s’organiser ou par téléphonie au moyen du SPL fabriqué par le par eux-mêmes mais cet exercice, sans expérience SSF. Le système est présenté avec ses principes et éta- préalable, est difficile. pes de mise em oeuvre. La soirée est consacrée au bilan de l’exercice. Chaque chef d’équipe présente sa partie d’évacuation et indique ce qui a bien fonctionné, les problèmes rencontrés et des pistes d’amélioration. Pour tous, les points d’ancrage ont été placés trop bas, ce qui génè- re une dépense d’énergie pour compenser cet incon- vénient.

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Lundi 2 novembre troisième bilan est transmis par communication au Grotte Hejiaodong PC. Il s’agit d’organiser l’attente soit du médecin soit Retour en falaise dans le porche d’entrée pour du début de l’évacuation. les techniques d’auto-secours et de secours à person- Le point chaud est maintenu propre au mieux ne. Au-delà des acquisitions techniques, tout cet en- et permet de stopper les mauvaises conditions de seignement sert pour l’autonomie personnelle et la température et ’humidité. sécurité des équipes d’exploration. Les techniques de L’objectif de cette équipe est que l’état de la vic- réchappe sont importantes pour notre propre sécuri- time cesse de se dégrader puis s’améliore. On n’entre té ou la mise en sécurité d’une victime en attendant ni en botte ni en combinaison dans un point chaud. les secours. C’est une des missions de prévention des Après bilan transmis au PC, l’action médicale équipes de spéléo secours. est décidée. Pendant l’attente, le blessé est alimenté Ces techniques se font avec le matériel normal car il ne sera pas transféré à l’hôpital avant plusieurs de progression ou celui emporté pour les équipe- heures voire plusieurs jours. ments classiques. Que peut-on faire avec ce que l’on Présentation de la fiche bilan médical. a sous la main? Elle se décompose en identité de la victime, circons- Présentation du diaporama de l’ASV. tance de l’accident, éléments de conscience, respira- Aujourd’hui, on compte deux mille sauveteurs en tion, circulation sanguine. Les points d’observation France. Il y a une moyenne de quatorze accidents par sont notés sans interprétation. On s’en tient à ce qui an et cela touche un tiers de spéléologues, les autres est visible. Informations concernant la situation du victimes étant extérieur à la FFS. point chaud. Souvent les décès sont en plongée. Il y a un L’objectif est de voir la progression, l’évolution décès par an dans la pratique spéléologique classique. de l’état de santé de la victime. Le rôle de cette équipe ASV est d’aller au contact de la Une équipe ASV dispose en général de trois à victime, faire un premier bilan, assurer um déplace- quatre sacs. Ce matériel est prêt et il faut penser à ment en cas de danger avéré, établir un point chaud remplir les gourdes d’eau et prendre la doudoune ou pour mettre la victime en lieu sûr. Le point chaud se le vêtement spécifique pour la victime. construit et s’adapte en tout lieu. Un deuxième et Cette équipe risque de rester longtemps

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 18/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie sous terre, d’où la nécessité pour ses membres de me par une découpe de la cavité comme nous l’avons s’économiser et d’avoir de quoi tenir en nourriture… fait sur notre exercice. Le nombre de personnes sera Il faut toujours garder en mémoire que la victi- décidé pour chaque équipe puis la mission de chaque me entend tout en permanence. Cela demande donc équipe sera définie et rédigée. La fiche de mission de la part de cette équipe la plus grande discrétion. est faite en double avec un exemplaire pour le chef Cette logistique est propre au secours et n’est d’équipe, l’autre au PC. Toute modification pendant pas emmenée pour une cession d’exploration. le déroulement est transmise au PC. Présentation de la gestion d’une opération. Quand des équipes sont engagées sous terre Cas d’un accident dans une cavité. Une alerte un diagramme est mis en place. Il permet de suivre arrive par un témoin. Le CT va prendre contact avec les équipes dans la cavité dans le temps qui s’écoule. les autorités et va décider d’envoyer une équipe ASV. Chaque équipe a une couleur. Cela nous donne le Equipe 1 est ASV dans le cas d’une alerte pour un temps mis par les équipes pour se rendre d’un point blessé. Elle se rend directement dans la cavité pour à un autre. Ces outils, avec la main courante, sont aller au contact de la victime. Elle a pris le matériel les moyens de gestion d’une opération qui permet de au local avec un TPS. A ce stade de l’opération, le CT garder une trace de tout ce qui se fait mais aussi qui est encore à son domicile. permet d’anticiper. On va décider avec les autorités de l’emplacement du PC pas trop loin de la cavité mais Mardi 3 novembre dans des conditions de logistique confortable (salle, Retour en falaise pour la dernière journée. Sui- électricité, téléphone, nourriture, couchage). te au départ prévu de Bernard en milieu de matinée, Un CTDA va se rendre sur site pour l’accueil nous retrouvons les stagiaires à leur héberge- des sauveteurs et l’organisation sur place. C’est là que ment, prenons le petit déjeuner avec eux puis faisons tous les sauveteurs se rendent quand ils sont conviés. la photo de groupe à l’entrée de la cavité. Il y aura le secrétariat, le matériel, des espaces Plusieurs ateliers sont définis: la mise en stef d’accueil des sauveteurs pour se préparer, se restau- pour maintenir la civière horizontalement en éva- rer, se reposer, être en attente. cuation, passage d’un noeud dans un système de Chaque personne qui arrive est inscrite au se- contrepoids, le passage d’une tyrolienne à une autre crétariat et rempli une fiche de renseignements. Cet- tyrolienne dans une direction différente, l’installation te fiche va servir pour composer les équipes et con- d’un système de contrepoids sur tyrolienne. naître le personnel disponible puis engagé. Une fois achevée la mise en place des cordes, On dispose un poste radio et Nicola à l’entrée nous donnons les éléments pour résoudre les don- de la cavité avec une personne qui filtre les entrées et nées techniques pour tous avec des présentations fai- sorties et rend compte au PC. tes par Éric, Carlos puis Christian. Jean reste à son Anticipation sur les équipes qui seront néces- poste de traducteur. saires. Le planning est un document qui permet de Quatre équipes avec leurs chefs d’équipe met- gérer le personnel. C’est l’outil du CT qui lui permet tent en oeuvre les ateliers. Nous aurons le temps de de savoir où sont les spéléologues. Le PC peut sui- faire circuler une civière de l’atelier tyrolienne à celui vre par les moyens de communication les différentes de remontée d’une verticale par le contrepoids sur équipes en cours de mission et détecter s’il y a un tyrolienne. Ce dernier atelier ayant fait l’objet d’un problème ou pas. essai avec un spéléo comme victime à la place de la Une équipe téléphone est envoyée dans les plus civière. Ceci permet de tester et vérifier que la mise brefs délais. Organisation de l’évacuation de la victi- en tension n’occasionne pas de frottement de la corde porteuse. Par manque de temps, certaines équipes ne pourront tourner qu’une fois sur les ateliers. Nous avons entièrement déséquipé les cordes en parois. En soirée, nous reprenons quelques points te- chniques sur les ateliers. Pour le passage d’un noeud dans un contrepoids, il est rendu difficile si on n’a pas différencié le point d’accroche des deux des- cendeurs qui servent à la manoeuvre. La situation d’un contrepoids sur tyrolienne, s’il est spectaculaire, est aussi intéressant à maîtri- ser dans le cas des puits d’entrée dont les parois sont

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Contrepoids sur tyrolienne dans l’entrée de Hejiaodong souvent instables et présentent des risques de chutes Mercredi 4 novembre de pierres. Elle demande une idée claire de la situ- Les stagiaires se sont levés plus tôt pour ache- ation pour que chaque intervenant soit précis dans ver le nettoyage des cordes dans la rivière. Nous pou- l’exécution de sa mission. vons consacrer la matinée à un bilan et répondre à Présentation du SSF à l’aide d’un Power- leurs questions concernant l’organisation qu’ils envi- Point. Cela permet de donner une idée concernant sagent en Chine. l’organisation d’une structure secours, avec ses objec- Le constat est qu’en peu de jours, ils ont abor- tifs et ses moyens. dé un grand nombre de techniques. Cela a été rendu Les stagiaires sont invités à imaginer comment possible parce qu’ils avaient un minimum de connais- ici, en Chine, ils peuvent engager un dispositif se- sances en progression sur corde sous terre. Ils envisa- cours spéléo. Ils reprendront cette discussion à leur gent de poursuivre ces entraînements mais craignent gîte, entre eux. que des applications et divergences de méthodes ne viennent compliquer les choses. La solution est de maintenir une rencontre annuelle entre eux pour évaluer les nouveautés, que ce soit dans les concepts ou dans l’intégration de nouveaux matériaux. Nous sommes dans des pratiques différentes et le type de cavités dans lesquelles nous pratiquons nous orientent dans le choix de notre équipement et de nos pratiques. Ces différences sont une richesse et doivent être partagées pour bénéficier des avantages qu’elles présentent tout en constatant leurs limites. Dans la mesure où ils se prennent en main avec une répercussion dans leurs provinces qui sont à l’échelle de l’organisation des secours, nous pourrons apporter une aide par notre venue pour d’autres formations.

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A l’échelon de l’UIS (Union Internationale de Logistique: Xue Lian Spéléologie), nous pourrons collecter les adresses Sponsor: Etablissement PETZL qui a fait don des responsables qui se manifesteront dans les diffé- d’une civière et de matériel mécanique. rentes provinces pour les circulariser comme les res- Liste des participants: (certain signe en ponsables secours des autres pays du monde. chinois ne sont pas passés!) C’est à eux de trouver l’articulation administra- tive qui leur convient et sera propre à leur pays. Longue vie au SSC, le Spéléo Secours Chinois. L’impossibilité de créer une structure nationale sans l’aval de l’Etat obligera pour le point de départ à gar- der les contacts entre eux sans appellation officielle. Nous terminons par un diaporama récapitulatif de quelques moments du stage puis par la remise des attestations. Une attestation a été faite au nom du jeune Chinois décédé dans la cavité où nous avons fait l’exercice sous terre. Ce fut intense en émotion d’autant que beaucoup le connaissaient et plusieurs étaient dans un état de crainte qu’il n’arrive un autre accident. (malédiction liée à des croyances). Une dernière photo sur le perron des bâtiments d’accueil de la grotte touristique avant le dernier re- pas pris en commun et la dispersion des stagiaires. Cadres du Spéléo secours français: Ber- nard Tourte, Christian Dodelin, Jean Bottazzi, Carlos Placido, Éric Sanson.

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Fin du stage devant les locaux de la grotte touristique Dafengdong.

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ACTIVITY REPORT Cave Diving COMMISSION By Maxime de GIANPIETRO (Switzerland), President [email protected]

he highlights of the Cave Diving Commission ac- conference participants how a multisumps cave diving tivities since the UIS meeting in Brno until June rescue operation works. We highlighted the challenges T 2017 can be summarized as follows: that such an intervention means to traditional rescue In autumn 2013 we successfully launched a we- teams, letting them better understand the needs and bsite https://cdcuis.wordpress.com/, fully dedicated to the severe constraints that cave diving rescue specia- the activities of the Cave Diving Commission of the UIS lists encounter when planning a joint rescue multi- with the aim to make it easier for people all around sumps operation. the world to access crucial information about the This event, which gathered more than one hun- commission’s ressources and activities as well as to get dred participants from around the world, was also in touch with its key people easily. rich in exchanges thanks to various presentations, The President of the commission was invited exercices and brainstorming sessions.It was a unique to attend, as a guest, the 2014 annual meeting of the opportunity to meet and to talk to Rescue Speleologists French Cave Diving Commission (Commission Plongée and to Rescue Divers coming from a dozen of coun- de la FFS - Fédération Française de Spéléologie) which tries and to present them the peculiarities, constraints was held during the annual congress of the French Spe- and procedures of Cave Diving Rescue in a multisump leological Society (FFS) in the French Jura. environment. In return we could gather and exchan- During this meeting the two commissions agreed ge informations about the organisation of Cave Diving on how France would in the future run it’s cave diving Rescue in some countries and the lack of such orga- seminars and workshops, this decision was important nisations in others. During this Conference we were since the commission has to respond to requests from pleased to tie with the representantive of the Rescue countries which do not have suitable knowledge to Commission of the UIS who had also attended. offer cave diving seminars and courses to their mem- Our commission was able to present another bers. documentary on a multisump exploration in several At the request of the local speleologists, our Vi- Speleological conventions in Europe with the aim to ce-President, Mr Philippe Brunet, organised in 2013- demonstrate to classical speleologists the wherabouts 2014-2015 and 2016 Cave Diving Workshops abroad of joinedt operations with Cave Divers when exploring and more will certainly come. new caves. These documentaries can be viewed on the The Commission members were invited to at- website of the commission. tend the 13th International Cave Rescue Conference, The Cave Diving Commission gave its patronage RISS 2015, as speaking guests, held in Vaumarcus from to the Cave Diving Conference in Dorgali, Sardinia or- April 16th-19th. At this occasion we showed the movie ganised in May 2015. The organizing Committee was “Rescue in the Bouclans’ Spring”, a documentary produ- made of the Sardinian Spelological Federation (FSS) ced by our commission. The aim was to show to the and the Cave Diving Commission (CNS) of the Italian © Mrs. M. Hohl © AL. Widmer

Margrit Hohl (CH) exploring the Baba exsurgence, Subaquatic speleologist F. Martin (France) in the in France. Source du Gour (France).

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Speleological Society (SSI). This congress highighted the main outcomes in the exploration of the karst un- derwater system along the Orosei gulf during the last 50 years. Several explorers were invited and presented the outcomes of exploration dives and new perspecti- ves. Part of the session was devoted to reports on other exploration areas and new cave diving equipment. Another patronage was granted to the International Namibia expedition led by Dr. Alessio Fileccia. The President of the Cave Diving Commission was invited to attend personally to the February, 2016 Conference in Teheran, invitation that he unfortunally had to decline shortly before its begin due to an unex- © Mr. S. Guignard © Mr. pected change of his professional agenda. We take the opportunity to reiterate our thanks Speleologists mapping and measuring an historic water well. To the Iranian Organising Commitee for their ap- preciated invitation and we hope to be able to come Pinto-Soares (P) and Mr. Philippe Brunet (F), for their to Iran to talk about the wherabouts of surveing and most appreciated contributions to it as well as for their mapping Underwater Caves in the near future. overall constructive collaboration and their strong de- The Commission was also asked to give its exper- dication towards our commission. tise on Cave Diving Exploration matters to local terri- Unfortunately, its was not possible to get the torial autorities of a country that had to grant special same support from the Secretary of the Commission, permits for a major cave exploration, involving speleo- Mr Arjan van Waardenburg (NL). Fact is that after ha- logists, cave divers and heavy surface support. ving collected all the data from the Cave Diving Com- We also assisted a National Cave Diving Commis- mission meeting in Brno (July, 2013) and after having sion in the setup of its new Chart and the definition committed himself to protocol the essence of the mee- of the new terms of reference and specifications of the ting, incl. Cave Diving Commission within its national Speleolo- Gathering the names of the participants, he gical Organisation. Several national Cave Diving Com- unexpectedly broke the contact and never reacted to missions approached us regarding the procedures for the various attempts we undertook for months to con- issuance of Cave Diving Accreditations for their mem- tact him. This had a negative impact in the briefing bers and we responded to their requests in issuing new of the participants of the meeting. We reacted to this Cave Diving Accreditions as Underwater Speleologists. unfortunate situation in appointing Mr. German Yanez We were also involved in the successfull testing from Mexico as a new Acting Secretary of the Commis- of a new subterranean positioning device that could be sion. Furthermore, and in view of his deep knowledge defined as something like an underground GPS. We do of the region, Mr Yanez was put in charge to promote hope that this device will help the future explorers to the activities of the Commission in Central and South map new galeries discovered with a greater accuracy. America, as he already did in Central America. Plans I take the opportunity of this brief to thank the are that he will organise new events in South America. two Vice-Presidents of the commission, Mr Manuel Thanks go to Mr Yanez for his initiatives! The Commission Members for the years to come anticipate to continue their work in helping national Speleological Organisations in cave diving matters as a Competence Center and to help them in setting- -up Cave Diving courses, to provide Subaquatic Spe- leologist Accreditations (see https://cdcuis.wordpress. com/2013/08/07/accreditation/) when asked and to act as patrons and as mediators between Federations. Last but not least to develop the interactive Web presence in order to increase the Commission’s visibilty towards the scientific world and the international authorities. We hope to see you all during the next Cave Di- ving Commission meeting that will take place during the 17th UIS Congress, next July, in Sydney, Australia. © Mr. P. Serret P. © Mr.

Subaquatic speleologist with closed circuit rebreather.

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REPORT of activities artificial cavities commission By Mario Parise (Italy), President [email protected] The International Congress of Speleology in Artificial Cavities “HYPOGEA 2017” fter rennovating the composition of the UIS idea, a new brand was established, namely “Hypo- Commission on Artificial Cavities, dating back gea”, which marked the birth of the first edition of Ato 2009, the main efforts of the new Commis- the congress. sion have been dedicated since the very first years The name HYPOGEA was originally born in of its activity to organization of international mee- Italy from the will to share the experiences and ex- tings, workshops and congresses about the issue of pertise of three different caving organizations in La- artificial cavities, their importance from multiple dis- tium: Asso, Egeria Underground Research Center, ciplines (history, archeology, anthropology, sociology, and Roma Sotterranea. It has now become a brand geology, engineering geology, etc.), and the need to for designing and identifying the International Con- define occasions in which interested scholars could gresses of Speleology in Artificial Cavities, and is now meet to share experiences and improve the overall inextricably linked to international caving appoint- understanding about knowledge, management and ments in artificial cavities (Galeazzi & Parise, 2017). correct valorization of underground sites built by Following the first edition (HYPOGEA 2015, man in past epochs. Among the organized meetings, held in Rome, Italy, in March 11-17, 2015; Parise et we recall here the 2012 Workshop in Turin (Italy), al., 2015), the 2nd International Congress of Spele- dedicated to “Classification of the typologies of artifi- ology in Artificial Cavities has been organized last cial cavities in the world”, and the successful session March (from March 6 to March 10, 2017) in Turkey, on the theme “Speleological research and activities in the magnificent scenario of Cappadocia (Fig. 1). in artificial underground”, within the framework of HYPOGEA 2017 was again held under the auspices the 16th International Congress of Speleology, held at of the International Union of Speleology, and with Brno (Czech Republic), in 2013. the following patronages from different associations On this latter occasion, it was presented the and institutions: Turkish Federation of Speleology, updated version of the classification of artificial ca- Società Speleologica Italiana, Balkan Speleological vities, as approved by the UIS Commission, which Union, Institute of Research for the Geo-Hydrological derived from that developed by Italian scholars (Ga- Protection of the National Research Council of Italy, leazzi, 2013; Parise et al., 2013). Universitè Paris 8, EURASIA Institute of Earth Scien- After such activities, the idea of organizing an ces of the Istanbul Technical University, Obruk Cave international congress was born. Together with this Research Group, Hypogea Ricerca e Valorizzazione M. Parise M. Parise

Figure 1 - Typical landscapes of Cappadocia, primarily governed by the effects of erosional processes on the soft volaniclastic rocks.

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Figure 2 - Examples of the artificial cavities in sites of Cappadocia, from churches and worship sites (the two photos above), to settle- ment showing pigeon-dove structures, nowadays at the open air (below, left), to underground settlement (below, right).

Cavità Artificiali, Municipality of Nevsehir, Directora- te of Nevsehir Museums, and CEKUL Foundation for Protection and Promotion of the Environment and Figure 3 - Cover of the HYPOGEA 2017 book pro- Cultural Heritage. ceedings. The congress had definitely a not simple phase of organization, due to the political turnmoils regis- work done in the months preceeding the congress. tered in the last months in many areas of the world, They are organized in different sections, covering all including the eastern Mediterranean and the midd- the themes discussed during the congress: le East. Nevertheless, it was attended by more than i) Archaeology, Archaeometry, Art history; 50 scholars from 11 countries (Bulgary, France, Ge- ii) Geology, Geomorphology, Environmental Hazards; orgia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Israel, Russia, Spain, iii) Hydraulic underground works; Turkey, and Ukraine). A variety of different themes iv) Hypogean civilian dwellings; about artificial cavities were explored, analyzed, and v) Military and defensive works; discussed during the week of the congress: from the vi) Mining works; inventory, to exploration methods and techniques, vii) Religious – cult structures; from mapping, to the use of new technologies for viii) Typologies, Symbols, terms and cadastre of arti- exploration and topographic survey, to research and ficial cavities. re-explorations in mines, up to hazards related to ins- The field trip program has been particularly tability processes within artificial cavities. rich, with great participation and appreciation by After the historical scenario which hosted HY- the attendees. The most magic and significant sites POGEA 2015, represented by the magnificence and of Cappadocia have been visited, started from the richness of the town of Rome, the 2017 event took Open Air Museum at Goreme, which host, among place within the spectacular natural scenarios of Ca- many other wonders, the most famous example of ppadocia, a regione worldwide-known (De Jerpha- Cappadocian red painting, that is, the pictorial de- nion, 1925, 1936; Bixio et al., 2002; Jolivet-Levy, coration of the Church of Saint Barbara (Andaloro 2002, 2015; Bixio, 2012) for the richness and variety et al., 2017), including an enigmatic representation of artificial cavities (Fig. 2), within one of the most with a cock and a fantastic creature (a turtle, accor- beautiful natural landscapes in the world. ding to Jolivet-Levy, 2015); to the underground city The book proceedings (Fig. 3), edited by Ma- of Kaymakli, which together with Derinkuyu is one rio Parise, Carla Galeazzi, Roberto Bixio and Ali Ya- of the most famous subterranean sites of Turkey; the mac (Parise et al., 2017), are a ponderous volume of beautiful valley of Soganli, one of the most important about 560 pages, which reflects the huge amount of centers of monastic life in Cappadocia (Crescenzi et al.,

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2017), with byzantine churches and monasteries da- ting back to 9th and 12th centuries; to Gelveri; to the canyon in the Ilhara valley, hosting, beside many im- portant temples, a number of large rock-cut residen- tial complexes (Leontev & Ianovskaia, 2017); to the magnificent underground system of the village of Si- vasa, nearby Avanos. Overall, a variety and richness in artificial cavities which rarely is observed in other parts of the world (Fig. 4). The congress once more has confirmed the need and the importance of having a periodic oppor- tunity to meet, in order to share the research expe- riences, and the international studies on artificial ca- vities. This also to further strengthen the activities of the Commission on Artificial Cavities of the Interna- M. Parise tional Union of Speleology. The great interest by in- Figure 4 - General view from the outside of a magnificent terested scholars is further testified by the proposal, rock-cut church. recently accepted by the Commission, about the 3rd edition of the International Congress of Speleology in Artificial Cavities “HYPOGEA 2019”, which will be Archéologique et Historique, tome V, Geuthner, Paris, tome held in north-east Bulgaria, in the city of Dobrich, on deuxiéme, 388 pp. May 20-25, 2019. GALEAZZI C. & PARISE M., 2017, Hypogea. The official brand of the International Congresses of Speleology in Artificial Mario Parise Cavities. Proceedings of the International Congress in Artificial University Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Cavities “Hypogea 2017”, Cappadocia (Turkey), March 06-10, President of UIS Commission on Artificial Cavities 2017, ISBN 978-605-9680-37-0, p. vii. [email protected] JOLIVET-LEVY C., 2002, Etudes cappadociennes. The Pin- dar Press, London. JOLIVET-LEVY C., 2015, La Cappadoce. Un siècle après G. De Jerphanion. Geuthner, Paris, 664 pp. References LEONTEV M.V. & IANOVSKAIA E.G., 2017, Cave settle- ANDALORO M., BORDI G., BORDINO C., POGLIANI P. & ment in Peristrema (Ihlara) Valley, Turkey. In: PARISE M., GA- VALENTINI V., 2017, Signs on the rock. Red paintings in the val- LEAZZI C., BIXIO R. & YAMAC A., (Eds.), 2017, Proceedings of leys of Goreme and Kiliclar (Turkey). In: PARISE M., GALEAZZI the International Congress in Artificial Cavities “Cappadocia - C., BIXIO R. & YAMAC A., (Eds.), 2017, Proceedings of the Inter- Hypogea 2017”. Cappadocia (Turkey), March 06-10, 2017, ISBN national Congress in Artificial Cavities “Cappadocia - Hypogea 978-605-9680-37-0, p. 290-293. 2017”. Cappadocia (Turkey), March 06-10, 2017, ISBN 978-605- GALEAZZI C., 2013, The typological tree of artificial cavi- 9680-37-0, p. 11-19. ties: a contribution by the SSI Commission. In: PARISE M. (Ed.), BIXIO R., (Ed.), 2012, Cappadocia. Records of the under- Proceedings of the International Workshop on Speleology in ground sites. British Archaeological Reports – BAR, int. series Artificial Cavities “Classification of the typologies of artificial 2413, Archaeopress, Oxford, 278 pp. cavities in the world”. Torino (Italy), May 18-20, 2012, Opera BIXIO R., CASTELLANI V. & SUCCHIARELLI C., (Eds.), Ipogea, no. 1, p. 9-18. 2002, Cappadocia. Le città sotterranee. Istituto Poligrafico e PARISE M., GALEAZZI C., BIXIO R. & DIXON M., 2013b, Zecca dello Stato, Roma, 319 pp. Classification of artificial cavities: a first contribution by the UIS CRESCENZI C., FIRENZUOLI V., SALVADORI C. & VANNAC- Commission. In: FILIPPI M., BOSAK P. (Eds.), Proc. 16th Int. Con- CI E., 2017, The expeditious survey of Tokali kilise in Soganli val- gr. Speleology, Brno, 21-28 July 2013,vol. 2, p. 230-235. ley (Turkey). In: PARISE M., GALEAZZI C., BIXIO R. & YAMAC A., PARISE M., GALEAZZI C., BIXIO R. & GERMANI C., (Eds.), (Eds.), 2017, Proceedings of the International Congress in Artifi- 2015, Proceedings of the International Congress in Artificial Ca- cial Cavities “Cappadocia - Hypogea 2017”. Cappadocia (Turkey), vities “Hypogea 2015”. Rome, March 11-17, 2015, ISBN 978-88- March 06-10, 2017, ISBN 978-605-9680-37-0, p. 422-430. 89731-79-6, 543 pp. DE JERPHANION G., 1925, Une nouvelle province de l’art PARISE M., GALEAZZI C., BIXIO R. & YAMAC A., (Eds.), byzantine. Les églises rupestres de Cappadoce. Bibliothèque 2017, Proceedings of the International Congress in Artificial Archéologique et Historique, tome V, Geuthner, Paris, tome Cavities “Cappadocia - Hypogea 2017”. Cappadocia (Turkey), premier, 360 pp. March 06-10, 2017, ISBN 978-605-9680-37-0, 556 pp. DE JERPHANION G., 1936, Une nouvelle province de l’art byzantine. Les églises rupestres de Cappadoce. Bibliothèque

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Activity report July 2013 - May 2017 Commission Permanente de Spéléothérapie (CPS) PERMANENT COMMISSION ON SPELEOTHERAPY (PCS)

By Iuri Simionca, MSR-II, Biol. Dr. , Ph.Dr. (Romania), President [email protected]

The Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy / Commission Permanente de Spéléothérapie (PCS/CPS-UIS) and its role in development of speleotherapy and descendants methods

peleotherapy (ST) is a relatively new method derground salt mines and caves possessing natural of complementary medicine, although, as is therapeutic factors (INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM Swell known ancient tribes appreciated isolation OF SPELEOTHERAPY, 1998). in underwater caves, salt or karst caves, or posses- ST occupies an important place in salt mines sing various ores and was officially recognized in the mines and carst caves with different parameters: years 1950-1960 in Germany (Yang B., G. Schubert Wieliczka, Poland; Solotvino / Slatina, Ukraine; 1962) and Poland (M. Skulimowski, 1968). Bad Bleiberg, Austria; Klutert Hohl, Germany; Zlate In 1949, Dr. Karl H.Spannagel after 5-6 ye- Hory and Cisarska Cave, Czech Republic; Bystrianska ars of climatological and microclimate observations, Jaskyna, Slovakia; Tapolca Seehohle, Hungary, “Uni- and also after medical investigations on patients with rea” Salt Mine - Slănic Prahova, Romania and will respiratory disease that was applied treatment in the occupy a significant place the Turda Salt Mine, Praid “Klutert” Cave (Ennepetal, Germany), confirmed its and Cacica salt mines from Romania (Iu.Simionca et therapeutic efficacy. Due to excellent curative effects al., 2005, 2008). “Kluterthöhle” in November 4, 1954, was recognized Since 1969 year were achieved 15 editions of for use in medical purposes and balneary resort recei- “The International Symposium of Speleotherapy” ved the title “Ennepetal with air cavity”, included in and other editions of conferences in the field, or- “Baths German Calendar”. ganized by Speleotherapy Commission [Permanent After similar preliminary studies within 4-5 ye- Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / Commission ars by the Prof. Mieczyslaw Skulimowski, in 1964, in permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS) - Department Wieliczka Salt Mine (Poland) has been opened the of Research / Département de la recherché scienti- first section of the underground therapy (“Under- fique of Union Internationale de Spéléologie (UIS) / ground Sanatorium for Allergology”), by proposing International Union of Speleology (UIS)] in Austria, the name of “subteraneotherapy” for new method Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary , Russia, Roma- of treatment with underground physical factors and nia, Poland and other countries, including the XIV mentioning the therapeutic effect in brochial asthma International Symposium of Speleotherapy (XIV ISS) patients; the name of subterraneotherapy, soon to be in the town of Turda, Cluj County, Transylvania, Ro- also called the Skulimowski method. In 2014, 50 ye- mania, in 2012 and the XV ISS – in Wieliczka, Poland ars of Speleotherapy were marked. – in 2014 (www.speleotherapycommission.webgarden. Number of speleotherapeutic centers has incre- com). ased considerably. Speleotherapy in the underground In accordance with the Decision of the Perma- now is an effective therapeutic method for the tre- nent Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / Com- atment of obstructive respiratory tract diseases, es- mission permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS) - De- pecially of patients with bronchial asthma (BA), the partment of Research / Département de la recherché upward and effective practice in Central and Eastern scientifique of Union Internationale de Spéléologie Europe, but also in the West: Austria, Czech Republic, (UIS) / International Union of Speleology (UIS) at Germany, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus, Working Committee Meeting, 27–28 March 2012, Hungary etc. Today speleotherapy is known as the Ostrov u Macochy, Brno, Czech Republic and Wieli- therapy of patients with various diseases in the un- czka, Krakow, Poland (2013), and also Calendar of

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 28/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie scientific events of UIS, in 4 to 6 October 2012 took in mines and caves, experimental results on labora- place the XIVth International Symposium of tory animals with induced pathologies. The clinical, Speleotherapy (XIVth ISS) in the town of Turda, biochemical, immunological and other effect of spele- Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania (http://speleothe- otherapy in mines and caves for patients with various rapysymposium.webgarden.com; http://www.speleothe- diseases. Indications and contraindications. Methods rapycommission.webgarden.com) under the aegis of of speleotherapy. The use of speleotherapy in mines the Union Internationale de Spéléologie / Internatio- and caves in prophylaxis, treatment and rehabilita- nal Union of Speleology (UIS) affiliated to UNESCO tion of patients with different pathologies. and Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences. Symposium Organisators: the Permanent Session 5. The use of speleotherapy and spele- Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / Commission otherapy with other complementary and alternative permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS) of UIS and S.C. methods (CAM) in prophylaxis, treatment and reha- Turda Salina Durgau S.A., Romania. bilitation of patients with different pathologies. Spe- Coorganisators / Partners: the National leotherapy perspectives in health. Shifting to Praid Salt Company A.S.- SALROM, Romania; National Au- and visiting the Praid Salt Mine – the balneoclimatic thority for Scientific Research from Ministry of Edu- and tourism route. cation, Research, Youth and Sports, Romania; Natio- nal Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Session 6. Mechanism of halotherapy. Mi- Balneoclimatology, Romania; Joint venture”Palsir”, croclimate, physical, chemical, microbiological and Solotvino, Transcarpation Region, Ukraine. other studies in various halochambers. Methods and Organisations that have provided sup- equipment of halotherapy. Experimental results of port: Academy of Romanian Scientists, Romanian the haloterapy effects on systems and mechanisms Association of Balneology, Romanian Show Caves involved in different diseases. The clinical, biochemi- Association, Balkan Speleological Union, Fédération cal, immunological and other effect of halotherapy. Spéléologique Européenne (FSE), European Cave The use of halotherapy and halotherapy with other Protection Commission (ECPC) from Fédération Spé- complementary and alterntive methods (CAM) for léologique Européenne (FSE). prophylaxis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with different pathologies. The following six sessions were of the XIVth In- ternational Symposium of Speleotherapy (2012) is Session 7. Halochambers, equipment of halo- dedicated to various studies, perspectives and cur- therapy. rent issues, including: During the scientific event “The XIVth Inter- Session 1. The speleotherapy in mines and national Simposium of Speleotherapy, 2012” were caves, history, presence and quality of therapeutic presented scientific achievements in the field of spe- factors (microclimate, physical, chemical, microbio- leotherapy and halotherapy from various countries logical and other studies in various mines and caves (Romania, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Poland, Slo- to assess the presence and quality of therapeutic fac- vakia, Belarus, Russia, Netherland, Estonia, Canada). tors) for used in health and balneoclimatic tourism. At the XIVth International Symposium of Speleothera- py, 2012 have been organized: Session 2. The structure of underground sec- • Slide presentation of Sankt – Petersburg Insti- tions in mines and caves with speleotherapeutic fac- tute of Prophylaxis Medicine (Russia) products – Ha- tors. Structure of the medical institutions used spele- lochambers and products for Halotherapy. otherapy methods. • Presentation of products and equipment for Halotherapy of Company Indium Top LLC, Estonia Session 3. Organization of speleotherapeutic and Company Halosense Inc. Canada. treatment in mines and caves. Management, protec- • Exhibition results of projects under Phare tion, engineering problems, exploitation of various 2005, entitled “Improved tourist attraction of po- mines and caves for speleotherapy. Climatic characte- tential spa area with salt lakes, Durgau-Valea Sarata ristics of the geographic zones with speleotherapeu- Area and Turda Salt Mine”. tic potential. • Shifting and visiting the Praid Salt Mine (bal- neoclimatic and tourism route) and also evening din- Session 4. Exploitation of various mines and ner in underground tavern / gallery in the Praid Salt caves for speleotherapy. Mecanisms of speleotherapy Mine.

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• Visiting Turda Salt Mine (Ghizela Mine, Ru- developed in the years 2012 -2015), which would dolf Mine, Theresia Mine and underground sections constitute a scientific development program in the of speleotherapy. field of speleotherapy. Among these proposals need to be mentioned: The analysis of the current status in the • Supporting the national commissions of spe- field - (Iu. Simionca, 2007, 2010, J.Chonka, Iu. Si- leotherapy activities in different countries. mionca, P. Slavik, 2012) showed the existence of a • Sustaining for the establishment of national series of fundamental issues – potential development commissions of speleotherapy in those countries priorities in the field of speleotherapy in caves or mi- where there are opportunities for developing of spe- nes and of halotherapy, which were discussed at the leotherapy. Symposium: • Completing the structure PCS / CPS with • the enhanced interest of a large category of working groups for different activities in speleotherapy. persons in different countries (preponderant in Eu- • Supporting the achieve some proposals for rope) for medical and touristic services in original “standarts” specific to speleotherapy domain and and specific locations with therapeutic natural fac- descending methods. tors, such as those from some caves or salt mines and • Evaluation of speleotherapy in several centers chambers with artificial underground salt mine envi- and sustaining the development of them. ronment or microclimate (halotherapy method des- • International certification of speleotherapy cending from speleotherapy in salt mines); centers. • lack of technical and medical standards for • Supporting of qualification and continuing edu- use in medical / speleotherapeutic and of balneocli- cation of the specialists from speleotherapy centers. matic tourism some caves and mines (mainly - salt • Opening a bank account of PCS / CPS in one mines, and other mines) and for halotherapy - the of the countries with members of the Permanent surface rooms with salt mine underground artificial Commission on Speleotherapy. environment or underground salt mine microclimate; • Founding by PCS / CPS – UIS the “Internatio- • need for monitoring standards of geomecha- nal Society of Speleotherapy Centers”, realization of nical stability of the underground spaces in caves and statute, financial account and registration. mines which possesses speleotherapeutic factors and • Founding of the “Journal of speleotherapy and used for medical purposes. “Balneoclimatic tourism” descending methods”. Preparation of justification for or “speleo- and salt mine tourism”; proposal to publish a yearly supplement in “The Jour- • lack of monitoring “standards” for curati- nal of Speleology”-UIS in speleotherapy domain. ve properties of some caves and mines (including • Founding group of bibliography and docu- salt mines), assessing their stability and therapeutic mentation in domain of Speleotherapy. effectiveness, particularly after using for “cave or salt • Realization and developing cooperation agre- mine tourism” and “medical balneoclimatic tourism” ements with various national and international pro- or speleotherapy (after human impact); fessional societies for the development of speleothe- • adequate measures for restoring the specific rapy and descending methods. underground environmental factors; • the necessity of approaching and launching at Mentioned activities proposed at the PCS/CPS- national level of researches on methodologies regar- -UIS Meeting of October 4, 2012 and at the closing ding speleotherapy, related to the presence and the session of the XIVth International Symposium of Spe- quality of underground therapeutic factors and to the leotherapy (Turda, 2012). medical history of the patients (age, disease status, The XIVth International Symposium of Spele- previous medication). otherapy was finalized with information to partici- pants at Simposium about the decision of the Per- These issues could build up a development manent Commission of Speleotherapy / Commission program of speleotherapy in salt mines, carst and Permanente de spéléothérapie of UIS (PCS / CPS - other caves and descending methods used in medical UIS) Meeting from October 4, 2012 (Turda, Roma- purposes, for “balneoclimatic” or “speleotherapeutic nia) dedicated to election of new board, proposed for tourism”over a period of several years, which would the Dr., MUDr. Pavel Slavik (Czech Republic) - Pre- involve increasing the quality of human life. sident of Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy In order to realization of the mentioned “ob- (PCS/ CPS) and Ph.D., M.D. Jaroslav Chonka (Ucrai- jectives” Iuri Simionca proposed a series of activities ne) - Vice President PCS / CPS (members in period for the following years (needed to be discussed and 2008 – 2012), and then MUDr. Pavel Slavic read the

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 30/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie new voted board of Permanent Commission on Spe- Poznaňská 12, Czech Republic, 616 00 Brno. leotherapy: Tel.: +420 549 256 005; e-mail: [email protected] 1. HONORARY PRESIDENT: 6. Ph.D. biol., Mihail Hoteteu Dr. Beata Sandri Biochemist - Bibliography and Website Responsible: Ro- Past President of the Permanent Commission on Speleo- mania, Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and therapy, Bad Bleiberg, Austria. Balneoclimatology. 011171 Bucharest, Ion Mihalache Blvd. 11A, Tel.: + 402 131 864 82 / 312; 2. HONORARY PRESIDENT: +40724 593 111, Prof., Dr., MD, Svetozar Dluholucky e-mail: [email protected] Past President of the Permanent Commission on Spele- otherapy, Banska Bystrica Medicine University, Slovakia. At the symposium closing session the partici- PRESIDENT: pants expressed their support for the new Board of Dr.b, Ph.D. B.D. Iuri Simionca, MSR II PCS/CPS-UIS and the Vice Chairman of Program National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine Committee, New President of the Permanent Com- and Balneoclimatology. mission of Speleotherapy of UIS - M.S.R.II, Dr.b., Romania, Ion Mihalache Blvd. 11A, 011171 Bucharest - Ph.D, Iuri Simionca (from National Institute of Reha- Tel.: + 402 131 864 82/312; +407 450 647 00; bilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, e-mail: [email protected] Bucharest, Romania) read the Closing Document of the XIVth International Symposium of Speleotherapy, VICE PRESIDENTS: signed for representatives of Organizing Commit- 1. Ph.D., M.D. Jaroslav Chonka tee and participants - representatives from different Ukrainian Allergological Hospital. countries; the were awarded diplomas for participa- Responsible for the domain “Speleotherapy in salt mines tion on the XIVth International Symposium of Spele- and salt chambers”, otherapy. Ukraine, Zakarpatska obl., 905 75 Solotvino, P. Tereka On the XIVth International Symposium of Spe- street 42 - Tel.: +380 313 421 500; +380 313 432 036; leotherapy registered 143 participants from several e-mail: [email protected]; countries: Belarus – 2, Belgium – 1, Canada – 1, Cze- ch Republik – 4, Estonia – 1, Netherlands – 2, Poland 2. MUDr. Pavel Slavík – 3, Romania – 101, Russian Federation – 1, Ukraine Responsible for the domain “Speleotherapy in carst and – 27; including the participants with scientific titles other caves.” and various specialties: Correspondent Member of Childrenś Sanatorium with Speleotherapy in Ostrov by Academy – 1; University Professor, Associate Profes- Macocha, p.o., sor, Main Scientific Researcher II – 10; Scientific Re- Czech republic, 679 14 Ostrov u Macochy 389; searcher III, Scientific Researcher - 4; Lecturer Ph.D Tel.: +420 516 444 322; e-mail: [email protected] - 2; Dr. of sciencies, Ph.D – 26 (Dr. med, Dr. biol., Dr. Eng., Dr. psih.); Ph.D. Student - 3; M.Sc. - 3, MSc. 3. Dr.ing. Rudolf Pavuza Stud. - 2; M.D., B.D. – 60 (primary doctor, specialist Responsible for domain “Meassurement techniques in doctor, bacteriology doctor); Principal biologist – 3; caves and cave microclimate”. Biologist -1, Chemist – 2; Engineer – 10 (in fields: ge- Dept.of Karst and Caves, Museum of Natural History; ology, caves, salt mines, environment, equipments); Austria, Museums pl. 1/10, A-1070 Vienna; Tel.: +431 523 Economist – 8; Public Administration Specialist / Re- 0418; e-mail: [email protected] ferent – 3; Student – 5. Number of representative institutions / inclu- 4. Dr.Ing. Ovidiu Mera ding Romania - 57/35: Institutes for research and Responsible Secretary: S.C. Turda Salina Durgau S.A., development - 14/4; universities - 9/7; NGO - 6/2; 401200. Turda, Aleea Durgaului Str. 7, Cluj County, Ro- economic operators - 28/22. mania; Tel/Fax: +40364-260940; +40264-311690;; Tel.: Number of presentations: lessons – 4, oral pre- +40735 195 512; sentations – 52, posters – 1, exhibits 3, specialized e-mail: [email protected] exhibition -2 (http://www.speleotherapysimposium. webgarden.com; UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 56 - Nº 1 5. Prof. RNDr. Oldřich Navrátil, DrSc. of 2, 2013 - http://www.uis-speleo.org/downloads/uis- Speleotherapy Repository / Library: -bulletins/uisb561.pdf)

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Other activities on the XIVth Internatio- mars 2013 (Wieliczka Health Resort, Poland) it was nal Symposium of Speleotherapy: proposed activities to assess the state of speleothera- py, including: • Live broadcast / recorded a scientific event; continuous translation of scientific communications 1. Will be made the list with the necessary stu- from Romanian, Ukrainian and Czech into English dies to evaluation of the speleotherapy centers. language. 2. The PCS/CPS-UIS recommend that the spe- • Shooting / photos and video film about scien- leotherapy and halotherapy centers to organize the tific event. making of necessary studies for establish methodo- • ABSTRACTS of INTERNATIONAL SYMPO- logical recomandations, indications and contraindi- SIUM OF SPELEOTHERAPY. International Sympo- cations sium (14; 2012; Turda, Romania) The XIVth Inter- 3. Enlarging website http://speleotherapycom- national Symposium of Speleoterapy: Abstracts : mission.webgarden.com for information of the PCS / ed. a XIV-a, Turda, 2012. – Cluj-Napoca : Casa Cărţii CPS activity, and e-mail: de Ştiinţă, 2012 (ISBN 978-606-17-0241-1), 74 pp. [email protected] (Edit. categoria B, CNCSIS). Commission perma- nente de spéléothérapie (CPS)–Département de la At the 16th International Congress of recherché scientifique - The Permanent Commission Speleology (Brno, 21-28 July, 2013) the mem- of Speleotherapy (PCS) - Department of Research - bers of the Permanent Commission of Speleotherapy/ Union Internationale de Spéléology (UIS)- Interna- Commission permanente de spéléothérapie (PCS/ tional Union of Speleology; Romanian Academy of CPS-UIS) participated on working sessions with 5 Medical Sciences. Under the redaction: Iuri Simionca, communication papers and also published 1 article Jaroslav Chonka, Pavel Slavic, Ovidiu Mera, Mihail and 4 abstracts in the Proceedings of the Congress. Hoteteu, Liviu Enache, Gheorghe Stoian (http://www. Also at 16th International Congress of Speleo- speleotherapycommission.webgarden.com; http://spele- logy the PCS/CPS-UIS was organized Working Mee- otherapysymposium.webgarden.com) ting to which it has been discussed: • Symposium Day (Sunday) - day visiting some carst caves (organized by PCS / CPS - UIS, Balkan 1. Commission Report to 16th ICS (Brno, 2013) Speleological Union, SC Turda Salt Mine Durgau prepared by the President PCS/CPS-UI Simionca (Ro- SA: Visiting Cristal Cave of the Farcu Mine (Rosia mania) and Vice-Presidents Yaroslav Chonka (Ukrai- Commone, Bihor County) and Meziad Cave (Meziad ne) and also Pavel Slavic (Czech Republic). The Re- Village, Remetea Commone, Bihor County) - possible port of PCS/CPS-UIS to 16th International Congress perspectives for Speleotherapy (http://www.speleo- of Speleology included the following activities: therapysimposium.webgarden.com). a. Excerpt from Report on XIIIth International Symposium on Speleotherapy in Blansko, Czech Re- In the letter from 24.02.2013 of the Iuri Si- public, 23th–25th of October 2008. mionca - President Permanent Commission of Speleo- b. Clossing Document of the XIVth International therapy/ Commission permanente de spéléothérapie Symposium of Speleotherapy – PCS/CPS-UIS, 2012, (PCS/CPS-UIS) to Commission memers, in according Turda Romania; with Decision PCS / CPS Meeting from October 4, c. Synthesis Report of the Scientific Meeting 2012 and the “XIVth International Symposium of Spe- “The XIVth International Symposium of Speleothera- leotherapy, 2012, Turda – Romania “Clossing Docu- py”, Turda, Romania, 2012, October 4-6, organized ment” (http://www.speleotherapycommission.webgar- by the PCS/CPS-UIS and S.C. Turda Salina Durgau den.com) in order to popularize the scientific results S.A. / C.S. Turda Salina Durgau A.S., Romania, with of the speleotherapy in the caves and salt mines (or two component parts: other origin) as well as descending methodologies i. evaluation of past activity of Board of the Per- (halotherapy / “galoterapia” / “salinoterapie” etc) manent Commission of Speleotherapy / Commission was proposed the realization of Bibliographic Bulletin Permanente de Spéléothérapie (PCS/CPS-UIS). of Speleotherapy and descending methods (BBST). ii. election the new Board of the Permanent The deadlines of the bibliographic bulletin as well as Commission of Speleotherapy / Commission Perma- other activities were discussed at the PCS / CPS -UIS nente de Spéléothérapie (PCS/CPS-UIS). working meeting on 14-15 March 2013 in Wieliczka, Poland. 2. For the XVI International Congress of Spe- By the Resolution of the PCS/ CPS from 14-15 leology (Brno, 2013) were discussed and prepared

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 32/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie the following requests, changes in the structure and Commission Report to the XVIth International composition of the Permanent Commission of Spele- Congress of Speleology (Brno, 2013) discussed and otherapy / Commission Permanente de Spéléothéra- approved at CS/CPS-UIS Working Meeting from 16th pie by the adequate justifications (Iu.Simionca- Ro- ICS (Brno, 2013) was submitted on 24.07.2013 to mania, Ja.Chonca-Ukraine, P.Slavik- Czech Republic, UIS GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2013, George VENI, Vice- R.Pavuza - Austria, O.Mera- Romania): -President UIS of Administration and Fadi NADER Ge- neral Secretary of UIS (Iu. Simionca. Activity Report a. For the evaluation (reglementation) of the Commission Permanente de Speleotherapie. In: UIS underground structures (salt mines or others origins BULLETIN – VOLUME, 2014, 56 - Nº 1 of 2 http:// and caves with curative properties) utilisation status www.uis-speleo.org/downloads/uis-bulletins/uisb561.pdf). in medical purposes. For examole, in Czech Republic General Assembly of the 16th Congress of Spe- in the Law 164/2001 (Balneary Law), where is writ- leology of UIS from 26 July 2013 (Brno, Czech Repu- ten in “Hlava VI, Přírodní léčebné lázně a lázeňská blic) on the basis of the Report of the XIVth Symposium místa v § 25 Podmínky pro stanovení přírodních of 2012 (Turda, Romania) the decisions from 14-15 léčebných lázní odst.(2)”, for the areas with climati- march 2013 of Wieliczka (Poland) PCS/CPS-UIS cal conditions according to part 1 takes not a under- Working Meeting, as well as the respective decision ground spaces. of PCS/CPS-UIS Working Meeting from 16th Interna- b. This situation implies that legislation on the tional Congress of Speleology (23.07.2013) approved use of salt mines, karst caves or other mines, caves an the Report, new structure and also the international subterran cavities for the medical or tourist medical final component of the Speleotherapy Commission purposes is different in several countries. So there is a (Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy / Com- need a study for “preparation of preliminary informa- mission permanente de spéléothérapie) (Annex 1). tion concerning the status of medical or tourisic use Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy / of caves and mines in different countries”. Commission Permanente de Spéléothérapie (PCS/ CPS-UIS) * (Annex 1) for four years: Web: http:// 3. Completing the working groups: www.speleotherapycommission.webgarden.com/

a. Working Group “Speleotherapy in salt mines Honorary President and salt chambers” is completed with Nicholae Grud- Svetozar DLUHOLUCKY, Slovakia nicki (Romania, National Salt Company SALROM SA). President b. On the basis of PCS / CPS Meeting decisions Iuri SIMIONCA, Romania from October 4, 2012 and the XIVth ISS from 4 to 6 October 2012 (Glossing Document of the XIVth Inter- Vice President Jaroslav CHONKA , Ukraine national Symposium of Speleothe rapy– UIS, Turda, Romania, 2012) concerning of therapeutic methods Vice President descendant from speleotherapy in some salt mines, in Pavel SLAVÍK, Czech Republic the working group “Speleotherapy in Salt Mines and Salt Chambers”, whose president is the Vice-President Responsible Secretary of PPS / CPS Ia. Chonka, it creates the working sub- Ovidiu MERA, Romania group in halotherapy, composed of Pavel P. Gorbenko - Responsible (Russia), Ivan S. Lemko (Ukraine) and Principal Advisor Responsible Secretary is proposed to discuss and include candidatures other Vanja DEBEVEC, Slovenia specialists from different countries. Advisor Secretary 4. It has also been proposed to speleotherapy Constantin MUNTEANU, Romania centers and committee members to transfer the exis- ting bibliography into electronic format for integra- Advisor Secretary Magdalena KOSTRZON, Poland tion into a unitary database. Contact: [email protected] Speleotherapy Repository/Library Responsible: Vladimir SVOZIL, Czech Republic 5. In the position of Speleotherapy Repository/ Library it is named MUDr. Vladimir Svozil (Zlate Custodian Hory, Czech Republic). Oldrich NAVRÁTIL, Czech Republic

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Bibliography and Website CPS-UIS) at 4 October 2012, Turda, Romania, voted Responsible: Mihail HOTETEU, Romania at The XIVth International Symposium of Speleothe- rapy in October 6, 2012, Turda, Romania; Biblography advisor Marta HAISAK, Ukraine 2) Additions comply with : • the Resolution of the Permanent Commission WORKING GROUP 1 of Speleotherapy/ Commission permanente de spélé- Speleotherapy in Salt Mines and Salt Chambers othérapie (PCS/CPS-UIS) meeting, from 14-15 mar- ch 2013, held in Wieliczka Health Resort, Poland; Chairman • the Resolution of the Permanent Commission Jaroslav CHONKA, Ukraine of Speleotherapy/ Commission permanente de spé- léothérapie (PCS / CPS-UIS) meeting, from July 24, Members 2013 in Brno (at 16th International Congress of Spe- Iuri SIMIONCA, Romania; Ovidiu MERA, Romania leology). In order to evaluate speleotherapy centers and Advisors Members the development of speleotherapy in Central and Nicholae GRUDNICKI, Romania; Ioan IETCU, Romania; Eastern Europe, in the years 2010 – 2012 - 2016 the Claudia BILHA, Romania; Jakub CERVINSKI, Poland; Kr- board members of international Permanent Commis- zysztof CZARNOBILSKI, Poland sion on Speleotherapy (PCS) were vizited: • Moravia Children’s Specialized Health Care a. WORKING SUBGROUP HALOTHERAPY Center, Children’s Sanatorium with Speleotherapy, (Speleotherapy In Artificial Salt Chambers) Ostrov u Macochy, Czech Republic; • Sanatorium Edel, Children’s Sanatorium with Advisors Members Speleotherapy, Zlate Hory , Czech Republic; Pavel P. Gorbenko, Russia; Ivan S. Lemko, Ukraine • Regional Allergic Hospital with underground section of speleotherapy in Salt Mine N8, Solotvino, WORKING GROUP 2 Ukraine; Speleotherapy in carst and other caves • Republikan (Ukrainian) Allergologic Hospi- tal, with underground section of speleotherapy in Chairman Salt Mine N8, Solotvino, Ukraine; Pavel SLAVÍK, Czech Republic • Scientific-Medical Centre and Clinic “Reha-

bilitation” (Halotherapy Centre) Health Ministry of Members Ukraine, Uzhgorod, Ukraine; Svetozar DLUHOLUCKY, Slovakia; Vladimir SVOZIL, Czech • Speleotherapy Center in Bistra cave near Republic Banska Bystrica, Slovakia; • Turda Salt Mine Complex with Salt mines WORKING GROUP 3 Assessment of Potentially Curative Underground Envi- Ghizela, Rudolf, Terezia and underground sections ronment in Caves, Mines and other Artificial Spaces; -me destinated for speleotherapy and tourism, Cluj coun- asurement techniques ty, Romania; • Praid salt Mine with underground sections for Chairman agrement / treatment and tourism, Harghita county, Iuri SIMIONCA, Romania Romania; • Respublikanskaia bolnitsa speleolecheniya in Members Solegorsk Salt mine Complex with two underground Rudolf PAVUZA, Austria; Peter JOVANOVIC, Slovenia; Li- speleotherapeutic sections, Solegorsk, Belarus Republic. viu ENACHE, Romania • Targu Ocna Salt Mine vith new galeries for agrement and tourism, Romania. Advisor Member • Carst Cave Fundata – Rasnov, Brasov (Roma- Marian Romeo CALIN, Romania nia) with multidisciplinary studies of underground microclimate, aerosol particles and microbiological * In accordance with: investigations (possible to use for recreation and tou- 1) The proposal and the vote on the Meeting of rism in order to improve the resistance of the body the Permanent Commission of Speleotherapy / Com- to negative urban environmental factors and to the mission Permanente de Spéléothérapie - UIS (PCS/ action of pathogenic biological factors).

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Significant experience in treating patients, vited MSRII, Dr., Ph.D. Iuri Simionca - the President especially children, is obtained in karst caves accu- of Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / mulated in Czech Republic (Moravia Children’s Spe- Commission permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS) of cialized Health Care Center, Children’s Sanatorium the UIS, Pr. Imunologist at National Institute of Reha- with Speleotherapy, Ostrov u Macochy) and Slovakia bilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, (Speleotherapy Center in Bistra cave near Banska Bucharest, Romania and Ph.D., M.D. Jaroslav Chonka Bystrica), in salt mines from Wieliczka (Poland) and - Vice President of PCS/CPS-UIS, Director of Ukrai- Solotvino (Ucraine), Solegorsk (Belarus Republic). nian Allergic Hospital Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Significant perspectives for the development of Solotvino, Tyachiv district, Transcarpathian region. speleotherapy for health and for “speleotherapeutic The First Kiev International Scientific Confe- tourism” possess the salt mines from Turda, Slanic rence “Scientific and Methodological Foundations of Prahova, Cacica and Ocna Dej (Romania). These Medical Geology”, 2013 (Ukraine), through the deci- have benefited from multidisciplinary saline environ- sion (p.16, from 18 April 2013), has recommended: mental studies, complex bio-medical studies specific “In connection with high value and high effi- to patients with various respiratory pathologies and ciency of speleotherapy treatment of patients with have underground areas with galleries arranged for bronchial asthma in the conditions of Solotvino Salt this purposes. mines microclimate considering the presence of large The results were presented at the XIVth Inter- of explored reserves of high quality rock salt and ba- national Symposium of Speleotherapy (Turda, Roma- sed on the conclusions of leading specialists about the nia, 2012) at the Meeting of Permanent Commis- possibilities of usage; appeal to President of Ukraine sion of Speleotherapy/ Commission permanente de and Prime Minister of Ukraine with the proposal to spéléothérapie (PCS / CPS-UIS) from Brno (Czech consider question of restoring institutions for speleo- Republic, 2013) at 16th International Congress of therapy on Solotvino salt deposit.” Speleology, to the XVth International Symposium of In October 22-23, 2013, was organized the In- Speleotherapy (Poland), 2014) , to UIS BULLETIN- ternational Scientific-Practical Conference “Perspec- -VOLUME (2014 56 -Nº 2 of 1 and 2 of 2) and www. tive of Speleotherapy Recovery and Salt Extraction speleotherapycommission.webgarden.com. Based on Rock Salt Deposits in the village Solotvino, To mention the following results of speleothe- Tyachiv district, Transcarpathian region” , under the rapy state in Solotvino – Slatina (Ukraine): auspicies of Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy Underground speleotherapy sections of Zakar- / Commission permanente de spéléothérapie (PCS / patie Regional Allergology Hospital and Ukrainian CPS – UIS) and the Association of Ukraine allergists. Republican Allergy Hospital in Solotvino - Slatina (Ukraine) with underground Speleotherapy cections Resolution of the International Scientific-Prac- in Solotvino Salt Mines No. 8 and No. 9 would have tical Conference “Perspective of Speleotherapy Re- had 45 and 38 years of functioning. But these superb covery and Salt Extraction Based on Rock Salt Depo- speleotherapeutic sections no longer exist because sits in the village of Solotvino, Ucraine included the were flooded. following main decisions: The calamity in salt mines from Solotvino, Tya- “The programme on solving environmental, so- chiv district, Transcarpathian region, Ukraine, parti- cial and industrial problems of the village is worked cularly flooding of mines Nr. 8 and 9, blocked salt out by the National Technical Commission (Institute extraction and activity of salt mines complex - “SE of Geology, National Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian of Solotvino Salt Mine” but also it slowed activity of Scientific-Research Institute of Salt, etc.). The program- these hospitals and stopped the speleotherapy un- me contains sections on creating a new underground derground sections, where or treated patients with branch of Alergologic Hospital and limited production bronchial asthma, other chronic allergic and infec- of salt. tious-inflammatory respiratory diseases since 1968 The conference was attended by 94 experts from yar, therefore almost half a century, and also skin and scientific-research, design and production organiza- airway burns – after the catastrophe at Chernobyl. tions of Ukraine, Russia, Poland and Romania (9 pro- The problem of reconstruction speleothera- fessors, and 8 PhDs), representati-ves of national com- py sections in the salt massif from Solotvino, Tya- munities of Hungarians and Romanians in the village chiv district, Transcarpathian region, was discussed of Solotvino. at the First Kiev International Scientific Conference As a result of discussions it is observed that in “Scientific and methodological Foundations of medi- the world practice the treatment of allergic diseases in cal geology”, 17-18 April 2013 (Ukraine), were in- underground spaces of salt environment is the most

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 35/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie effective tool that has also proven cost-effectiveness. The known countrywide and worldwide specialists in the experience of underground deparments of allergic hos- fields of speleotherapy, pneumology, allergology, im- pitals in the village of Solotvino prove that here are the munology and other, and also scientists - professors, most favorable conditions that lead to high efficiency PhD, candidates in science, lecturers and assistants treatment of asthma, allergic diseases and rehabilita- in institutes and universities. Based on previous ex- tion after burn injuries and more. Based on the results perience, the training of healthcare professionals and of synthesis of ecological and geological studies (Insti- scientific researchers in the above mentioned fields is tute of Geology, National Academy of Sciences; Ukrai- in progress. nian Scientific-Research Institute of Salt, etc.) within salt deposits the areas that are marked by undisturbed 3. SI “Ukrainian Allergic Hospital Ministry of geological structure, absence of hazardous geological Health of Ukraine” and Zakarpatya Regional Allergy processes and satisfactory protection of salt massif are Hospital have necessary buildings, utilities and com- found. munications systems, water, heating, electricity to the These areas are suitable for underground use, in surface and are equipped with specific medical equip- particular, to create a health center underground spaces ment, mostly modern.” and limited use of salt resources. This creates precondi- Based on the results presented in the sessions tions for solving social, industrial and urban environ- of the respective scientific event Program, taking into mental problems in Solotvino.” account the discussions and the evaluation of these results, the Board of Permanent Commission of Spe- Working Meeting of Board of the “Per- leotherapy / Commission permanente de spéléothé- manent Commission on Speleotherapy / rapie - UIS and Working Group “Speleotherapy in salt Commission permanente de spéléothérapie mines and salt chambers” of PCS/CPS-UIS sustain – UIS” (PCS/ CPS-UIS) and PCS /CPS Working the Decision of the Scientific-Practical Conference Group “Speleotherapy in Salt Mines and with International Participation “Perspective of Spe- Salt Chamber” at the Scientific-Practical leotherapy Recovery and Salt Extraction Based on Conference with International Participation Rock Salt Deposits in the village of Solotvino, Tyachiv “Perspective of Speleotherapy Recovery and district, Zakarpatya (Transcarpathian) region”, which Salt Extraction Based on Rock Salt Deposits took place in Solotvino, October 22-23, 2013, along- in the village of Solotvino, Tyachiv district, side with the relaunching and development of spele- Transcarpathian region” (Solotvino, Octo- otherapy into underground salt massif in the town of ber 23, 15.00 – 16.00, 2013) and the Board Solotvino, District Tyachiv, Zakarpatya (Transcarpa- of PCS / CPS – UIS) noted the following: thian) region, Ukraine. In order to relaunch speleotherapy in salt mas- 1. “Scientific studies conducted in the years sifs / Rock Salt Deposits of Solotvino town, District 1973 - 2011 on the salt environment from under- Tyachiv, Zakarpatya (Transcarpathian) region the- ground (speleotherapy) sections of allergy hospitals re are specialists in medical and related fields, two in Solotvino (Ukrainian Allergic Hospital Ministry of operational hospitals (“Ukrainian Allergic Hospital Health of Ukraine and Zakarpatya Regional Allergy Ministry of Health of Ukraine” and “Zakarpatya Re- Hospital), located in salt mines No.8 and No.9 from gional Allergy Hospital”) with utilities, and medical SE “Solotvino Salt Mine”; clinical medical studies; experts in related fields and also specific equipment. hematological, biochemical, microbiological, immu- Details of Siolotvino salt mines calamity and nological humoral or cellular studies on laboratory the activities of finding technical solutions for extrac- animals with experimentally induced pathology, as tion of salt from respective salt massif, as well as for well as …..of patients with bronchial asthma and va- the construction of the new under-ground section of rious chronic inflammatory and allergic respiratory Speleotherapy are published (UIS BULLETIN- VOLU- diseases or on patients post burns of the airways and ME 56 - Nº 2 of 2) See on the link http://www.uis- skin, indicate the presence and outstanding quality of -speleo.org/downloads/uis-bulletins/uisb562.pdf medical therapeutic factors in the underground gal- leries of both salt mines and presence marked thera- Contents: peutic effect…...” SYNTHESIS REPORT OF “THE XVth IN- TERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF SPELEOTHE- 2. In both mentioned Solotvino allergology RAPY” (“THE XVth ISS”), 2014, WIELICZKA, hospitals and especially in SI “Ukrainian Allergic Hos- POLAND. pital Ministry of Health of Ukraine” were formed well (Iuri Simionca, President of PCS/CPS-UIS)

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In October 23-25, 2014 in “Wieliczka” Salt Mine 13. Standarts specific to speleotherapy domain (Poland) vas held “The XVth International Symposium and descending methods. of Speleotherapy (“The XVth ISS) of “The Permanent 14. Structure of the medical institutions with Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / Commission speleotherapy methods. permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS) of Union Inter- 15. Climatical characteristics of the geogra- nationale de Spéléologie (UIS). phyc zones with speleotherapeutic potential. The XVth International Symposium of Speleo- therapy”, according to the proposal of PCS/CPS-UIS Organisers of “The XVth ISS” - were “The Per- and “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Board, was dedicated to manent Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS)/Com- those 50 years since the official opening of the first mission permanente de spéléothérapie (CPS)-UIS” salt mine underground sanatorium - Allergological and the main organizers - institutions from Poland Sanatorium “Kinga” in “Wieliczka” Salt Mine, Poland. (“Wieliczka” Salt Mine, “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Tou- rist Route, “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Health Resort, De- Topics of XVth ISS, 2014, Wieliczka, Po- partment of Clinical and Environmental Allergology land: Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum from 1. The history of speleotherapy / subterrane- Krakow, SP ZOZ MSW Hospital in Krakow, Kraków otherapy in Wieliczka Salt Mine, Poland for threat- Saltworks Museum). ment of pacients with bronchial asthma and other Opening ceremony (in the Conference Hall chronic respiratory diseases. from underground of “Wieliczka” 2. The hystory of speleotherapy and halothe- Salt Mine – Drozdowice IV Chamber) rapy. Special guest Mrs Halina Skulimowska – wife 3. Microclimate, physical, chemical, microbio- of Prof. Dr. Mieczyslaw Skulimowski. logical and other studies in various mines and caves to assess the presence and quality of therapeutic fac- Participants: tors for used in health and balneo-climate (spa) tou- I. Total participants– 80, inclusively from: rism. Ukraine– 25, Poland- 22, Romania- 10, Italy– 6, Uni- 4. Management, protection, engineering pro- ted Kingdom- 3, United States of America– 3, Canada blems, exploitation of various mines and caves for -2, Czech Republic -2, Hungary– 2, Republic of Mol- speleotherapy. dova– 2, Russia– 1, Belgium– 1, Germany – 1. 5. The structure of underground sections in mines and caves with speleotherapeutic factors. Me- II. Institutions from different countries repre- thods of speleotherapy. sented by participants – 51: 6. Halotherapy, halotherapeutic chambers and 1. “Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy methods; salt aerosol generating systems and similar (PCS) / Commission permanente de spéléothérapie equipments. (CPS)” of the World Organization “Union Internatio- 7. Experimental results of the speleotherapy nale de Spéléologie (UIS) / International Union of and haloterapy effects on systems and mechanisms Speleology” (member ICSU & UNESCO). involved in different diseases. 2. “Wieliczka” Salt Mine, Wieliczka, Poland 8. The clinical effect of speleotherapy and ha- with “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Tourist Route Sp. Z o.o lotherapy for patients with various diseases. and „Wieliczka” Salt Mine Health Resort. 9. Mechanisms of the speleotherapy and halo- 3. Institute for Water Supply and Environmen- therapy tal Protection, Cracow University of Technology, Cra- 10. The use of speleotherapy in prophylaxis, cow, Poland. treatment and rehabilitation of patients with diffe- 4. Malopolska Voivodship, Krakow, Poland. rent pathologies. 5. Polish Association of Balneology and Physi- 11. The use of speleotherapy with other com- cal Medicine. Warsaw, Poland plementary and alterntive methods (CAM) for pro- 6. Department of Balneology and Physical Me- phylaxis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients dicine. Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Co- with different pathologies. pernicus University, Poland. 12. Standards of geomechanical stability of the 7. Department of Clinical and Environmental underground spaces in caves and mines which pos- Allergology of Jagiellonian University Collegium Me- sesses speleotherapeutic factors and used for medical dicum, Krakow, Poland purposes. balneoclimatic tourism or speleo- and salt 8. Polish Society of Allergology in Malopolska, mine tourism; Krakow, Poland. SP ZOZ MSW Hospital in Krakow,

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Poland. 35. Municipality Petralia Soprana, Italy 9. Microbiology Unit, University Hospital, 36. SANATORIUM EDEL s.r.o., ZLATÉ HORY, Krakow, Poland. Czech Republic. 10. Krakow Saltworks Museum, Poland. 37. Institute of Public Health, Ústí nad labem, 11. Department of Health Resort Materials of the Czech Republic. National Institute of Public Health, Poznan, Poland. 38. Halomed North America, Inc., Vienna, Vir- 12. Department of Geology and Mining reser- ginia (VA 22180), United States of America. voir of AGH University of Science and Technology, 39. Salt Chamber, LLC - Salt Therapy Associa- Kraków, Poland. tion, Boca Raton, FL 33432, United States of America. 13. Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego- 40. Department of Pathology, University of Państwowy Zakład Higieny, Krakow / Warsaw, Poland. Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America. 14. Salsano Haloterapia Polska, Sulejówek, Po- 41. National Institute of Health”, Sankt Peter- land. sburg, Russia. 15. SE “Ukrainian Allergic Hospital, Health Mi- 42. Social Technopark, Sankt Petersburg, Russia. nistry of Ukraine”, Transcarpathian region, Tyachiv 43. Saint – Petersburg Institute of Prophylactic district, Solotvino, Ukraine. Medicine, Sankt Petersburg, Russia. 16. Regional Alergologic Hospital, Transcarpa- 44. Beton tool ltd, London, United Kingdom. thian region, Tyachiv district, Solotvino, Ukraine. 45. Salisburyvillas.freeserve.co.uk, Royston, 17. Scientific-practical Medical Centre “Reha- Hertfordshire SG8 5PU, United Kingdom. bilitation” Health Ministry of Ukraine, Uzhgorod, 46. Salzheilstollen Berchtesgaden, Berchtesga- Ukraine. den, Germany. 18. University, Uzhgorod, Ukraine. 47. The Salt Room, Nova Scotia, Canada. 19. Hospital in Stebnik, Lviv, Ukraine. 48. Institute of Respiratory Hygiene and Halo- 20. Socialtechnopark Transcarpation section, therapy, Budapest, Hungary. Tiachiv, Transcarpatia, Ukraine. 49. Saltchamber Belgium, Geetbets, Belgium. 21. Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical 50. “Salt Chamber” in Sanatoria & Preventoria, University, Ukraine. Academy of Sciences, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. 22. Novovolynsk central hospital, Ukraine. 51. Republican Center of Speleotherapy, Insti- 23. National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physi- tute of Naturotherapy, Erevan, Republic of Armenia cal Medicine and Balneoclimatology, Bucharest, Ro- mania. III. Professors, scientific researches I-II, doc- 24. National Salt Society-SALROM SA, Bucha- tors of sciences, master of sciences– 36, inclusively: rest, Romania. Professors / scientific researches I – II and Doctor 25. University “Stefan cel Mare”, Suceava, Ro- of sciences – 7, Doctors of sciences – 24, Master of mania. sciences – 5. 26. Emergency County Hospital, Pneumology Department, Suceava, Romania. IV. Participants of different professions and 27. University of Bucharest, Dept of Molecular functions in workplaces: 80 (among which 23 heads Biology and Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania. of departments and laboratories, directors and ma- 28. S.C. TURDA SALINA DURGĂU S.A., Turda, nagers of institutions and also leaders of associations Romania. and societies), inclusively: 29. Turda Municipal Hospital, Cluj County, Ro- mania 1). With medical and biological specialties – 54: 30. Romanian Association of Balneology, Bu- medical doctors – pulmonologists – 3; medical doc- charest, Romania. tors – allergists – 3; doctors of children – 2; medical 31. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics doctors - specialists in balneotherapy or climatothe- and Nuclear Engineering - IFIN HH, Magurele, Ro- rapy – 3; medical doctors (pulmonologists, allergists, mania. of internal diseases, paediatricians, specialists in me- 32. University of Medicine and pharmacy “Gri- dical rehabilitation, balneotherapy or climatothera- gore T. Popa” Iaşi, Romania- Pediatric Dep. py) - who practice speleotherapy /subteraneotherapy 33. The Academy of Scientists, Bucharest, Su- cure in carst or salt caves and salt or of another origin ceava Department, Romania. galleries from mines for patients with bronchial asth- 34. Italkali Spa, Contrada Raffo, Petralia So- ma, chronic bronchitis and other chronic respiratory prana , Sicilia and Torino, Piemonte, Italy. or skin diseases – 19; medical doctors (pulmonolo-

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 38/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie gists, allergists, of internal diseases, paediatricians, Session IV. “The developement of halotherapy specialists in medical rehabilitation, balneotherapy - therapy on the surface spaces with salt mine artifi- or climatotherapy) - who practice halotherapy cure cial environment and other descending methods of in patients with bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis speleotherapy in salt mines”. and other chronic respiratory or skin diseases – 15; medical doctors of other medical specializations – 1; Session V. ”The developement of halotherapy kinetotherapists – 2; microbiologists – 2; immunolo- - therapy on the surface spaces with salt mine artifi- gists, cell biologists – 4. cial environment and other descending methods of speleotherapy in salt mines”. 2). Engineers, economists and marketing specia- lists – 26: engineers geologists – 3; engineers geophy- Session VI. “Closing of the XVth International sicists – 3; mining engineers – 7; speleologists – 2; en- Symposium of Speleotherapy. Proposals and discus- gineers chemists – 2; computer science and electronics sion on the Closing Document of the XVth Internatio- engineers – 3; economists – 2; marketing specialists – 4. nal Symposium of Speleotherapy, 2014, Wieliczka, Poland (XVth ISS)”. V. Lectures, scientific reports and communica- tions and also posters presented in symposium ses- “Closing Document of the XVth International sions –36. The works presented in the XVth ISS (Wie- Symposium of Speleotherapy” – composed by Com- liczka, Poland) referred to many aspects - from the mittees of “The XVth International Symposium of Spe- study of issues related to microclimate study of un- leotherapy” (XVth ISS) and representatives of Organi- derground galleries from salt and other origin mines zers; “The Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy and carst caves, to assessment of the speleotherapy (PCS)/Commission permanente de spéléothérapie / subterraneotherapy impact on the patients’ health (CPS)-UIS”, “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Inc., “Wieliczka” with different chronic respiratory pathologies. Salt Mine Tourist Route, “Wieliczka” Salt Mine Heal- th Resort, Department of Clinical and Environmen- VI. Abstracts and article published in the tal Allergology of Jagiellonian University Collegium journal “Acta Balneologica”, 2014, v.3. pp- 131-164 Medicum, SP ZOZ MSW Hospital in Krakow, Krakow [(ISSN 2082 – 1867), indexed by the Ministry of Saltworks Museum. Science and Higher Education (4 points), Index Co- pernicus, Polish Bibliography of Medicine, and is a There followed the discussion of document, patron of the Committee of Physical Culture and So- proposals and decision: cial Integration of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Proposals and discussion on the Clossing Do- Citation Index Thomson Reuters, Web of Science]. cument of the XVth International Symposium of Spe- leotherapy, 2014, Wieliczka, Poland (XVth ISS). The VII. Scientific reports, lectures, communications and decision on the Clossing Document of the XVth In- posters discussed and remarked in the scientific sessions: ternational Symposium of Speleotherapy (XVth ISS), Session I “The history of speleotherapy / sub- 2014, 23-25 October, Wieliczka, Poland, was perfor- teraneotherapy treatment in the world. Perspectives med. of development, management and protection of mi- After the scientific sessions has been “Working nes and caves used for speleotherapeutic purposes”. meeting of Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy / Commission permanente de spéléothérapie” (PCS/ Session II. “The current status and prospects CPS-UIS) to which were discussed: of speleotherapy in salt mines and other mining cavi- Concerning of standards necessity for speleo- ties, in the karst caves and of other origin. The under- therapy and halotherapy and also of specialists edu- ground speleotherapeutic factors, quality and mecha- cation. nisms of curative effect. Experimental results”: Perspectives of the PCS/CPS-UIS Bibliographic Bulletin. Session III “Alergology and pulmonary rehabi- Regarding the content of the Statutes and the litation in speleotherapeutic centers; using the spele- seat of the International Association of Speleotherapy. otherapeutic, physical, balneary and climatic factors “Wieliczka” Salt Mine (Poland) Organizing for medical rehabilitation and prevention on patients Committee offered tours to the participants: Visiting with chronic infection-inflammatory and allergic res- the “Tourist Route of the „Wieliczka” Salt Mine and piratory and cutaneous diseases and also for increase Health Resort Chambers” and also Krakow center. the quality of life”. Information on the XVth International Sympo-

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 39/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie sium of Speleotherapy and concerning on proposals, EXPERIENCE – SPELEO-WELLNESS”, Slovenia. discussions and decisions (Closing Document) pre- In various scientific studies on salt mines and sented on UIS BULLETIN (2015, 57-1): karst caves or galleries of other origins, as well as http://www.uis-speleo.org/downloads/uis-bulletins/uisb571.pdf experimental and clinical biomedical studies with ba- and the websites: tches of sick patients, data were obtained indicating http://www.15speleotherapysymposium.webgarden.com/ that not all salt mines and caves of different origins http://www.speleotherapycommission.webgarden.com/ or spaces built on the surface for halotherapy bene- fit from the same natural therapeutic factors or the same beneficial effect on the human body. In the years 2013 Not all saline mines and caves of different ori- (and November, December 2012) – gins or surface spaces for halotherapy have specialists 2015 – 2017 were also carried out: (physicians, nurses or other medical staff) to provide specialized help in case of medical emergencies (as- • Website and e-mail of the Permanent Com- thmatic, cardiac, etc.). mission on Speleotherapy / Commission permanente The sections of speleotherapy (often these are de spéléothérapie” (PCS/CPS-UIS); just galleries for tourism or relaxation) are not in • Publishing the abstracts of the two symposia specialized hospitals at the surface or in other state (XIV, Turda, Romania and XV, Weliczka, Poland); or private medical institutions and have no contracts • Activities related to the elaboration of biblio- with medical institutions for medical services. Simi- graphic data in the sphere of speleotherapy and ha- larly, it is interesting to note that, in some countries, lotherapy for printing the Bibliography Bulletin and salt mines, the karstic or other caves, although having publishing later on the PCS/CPS-UIS website and the underground therapeutic factors, are not covered by website of UIS. The Bibliography Bulletin it’s working; national legislation on the use of environmental cura- • The PCS/CPS-UIS working groups have acti- tive factors for medical purposes, such as mineral wa- vated on the decisions of two symposia (XIVth in Tur- ters, therapeutic mud and others. da, Romania; XVth from Wieliczka, Poland) and the All these facts require the launching of specific working meetings. Such a structure of the Commis- activities in the field of speleotherapy in salt mines, sion appears to be more efficient and involves spe- karst or other caves and halotherapy on surface spa- cialists - personalities from different countries. Thus, cies (their classification for speleotherapy - preven- during the years 2015-2016 - May 2017 for the first tion, treatment, medical recovery / rehabilitation, time started the activity for making proposals for tech- for “speleotherapeutic tourism,” relaxation and leisu- nical documents regarding the structure and security re, “tourism to view the charm of the underground of the speleotherapy sections in the galleries of func- gallery”) by carrying out specific multidisciplinary tional and nonfunctional salt mines and in the karst studies with methodological recommendations and or other caves, as well as and the artificial spaces for other specific documents for their use in the intended halotherapy at the surface (the work is underway); purposes, including medical - indications and medi- • During the working meetings and through cal contraindications. the media were discussed the parameters of the un- These activities can be conducted in collabora- derground factors with therapeutic / curative pro- tion with research institutions, institutions and bene- perties for the realization of the underground speleo- ficiaries willing to use these spaces with benefic pro- terapeutical sections in salt mines and for the karstic perties for human organism and for the improvement or other caves, as well as the artificial spaces of halo- of the quality of life, as well as in collaboration with therapy (the work is underway); some UIS commission (a series of studies in these di- • Patronage role of PCS/CPS – UIS in Project rections were launched by the members of PCS / CPS – Programme Central Europe, 2016. Second Call for – UIS in Romania, Poland, Czech Republic, Germany, proposed, 2016 (Italia, Poland, Slovenia, Austria) Russia, Ukraine and it unfolds in these years with dedicated speleotherapy development, medical tou- perspective in the future). rism, tourist rute in mines and caves with benefic For this purpose it is useful to have a working properties on organism; meeting of the Commission together with those in- • Participation PCS/CPS-UIS in 2016 year for terested in different countries for the scientific de- evaluate the status of Project “Public Call for Applica- velopment of speleotherapy and halotherapy, “spe- tions for Development Innovative Products and Ser- leotherapeutic tourism” and other forms of use the vices within Tourism Economy (2016 – 2018). The underground spaces with curative and beneficial pro- Company Postojnska Jama d.d. Torism Product “VIP perties for improving the health of human body.

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The XVIth International Symposium of de Spéléothérapie” over the next four years. At the Speleotherapy (planning activity) request of representatives of the receiving party and local organization of the respective planed scienti- In 50-60 years of the twentieth century, there fic manifestation and after the consultation with the were some publications, eand ncounters or scientific members of PCS/CPS-UIS Board it redesigned the events in different countries at which mentioned the organization of this symposium in 2017/2018 in Zla- interest in the results of improvement health on the te Hory (Czech Republic) or in another country with sick with various diseases (especially respiratory) af- speleotherapy centers. ter cure of presence in the some karst caves and salt INFO: “Symposium of Speleotherapy in Potash mines. In May 22-24, 1968 the East-Slovakian Mu- Mines” at the IIIth International Congress “Sanato- seum at Kosice has organized the “International Sym- rium Treatment” in 42 World Congress Internatio- posium about Speleo-climate, Speleo-therapeutics nal Society of a Medical Hydrology and Climatology and Speleochemistry”, to which it has been discussed (ISMH), 2017, iune, 5-7. Moskow, Russia (www.con- motion for its foundation of an international com- gress42.moscow). Title of Simposium “Speleotherapy: mission. UIS Assembly approved in 1969 the “Spe- scientific bases, achievements and actual problems”. leotherapy commission”, subsequently called the Per- The Commission will be represented by Professor manent Commission on Speleotherapy / Commission Gorbanko Pavel (Russia) - member of the working permanente de spéléothérapie (PCS/CPS) of UIS. group, who will also present a communication in the Since 1969, have been organized 15 internatio- field of speleotherapy and halotherapy. nal symposiums of speleotherapy (ISS) at an interval REFERENCES: of 2-4-5 years. To mention International Symposiums INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF SPELEOTHERA- of Speleotherapy from 1989 (Prague, Czechoslovakia PY (1998): The Permanente Commission of Speleothera- - during the Joint Meeting INTERASMA’ 89), in 1992 py UIS UNESCO, The Ukrainian Allergological Hospital, The (Bad Bleiberg, Austria), in 1993 (Solotvino, Ukraine); Ukrainian “Rehabilitation” Centre, The Transcarpatian the 11th ISS (Zlaté Hory, Česká republika, 1999); the Allergological Hospital, Ltd.”PALSIR”; Solotvino, Ukraine XIIIth ISS that occurred in 2008 (Blansko, Czech Repu- (September 17-20, 1998): 30 years of Speleotherapy in blic); the XIVth ISS in 2012 (Turda, Romania); the XVth Ukraine. ABSTRACTS (Editorial Committee: Dr. J.Chonka, ISS in 2014 (Salt Mine “Wieliczka”, Poland). Csc.; Dr. I.S.Lemko, Csc.; Dr. Y.M.Simionka, Ph.D.; Dr. Similarly there have been a significant number S.Danko, Csc; Dr. V.Gorbenko, Csc.; Dr. L.Danko, Csc ; Biol., of national conferences and other scientific events in K.Kirej, Csc). Solotvino, Transkarpation reg., Ukraine, Pu- different countries (Uzhgorod - Solotvino, Ukraine, blishing: РВА «ДизайНіР»,1998, 83 p. 1971); among which international participation - the First Conference of Speleotherapy from Romania (“Tur- Simionca Iu. (Ghe.), Hoteteu M., Grudnicki N., Kiss da Salt Mine”, Romania, 2011); Working Meeting of J., Enache L., Petec Calin Ghe., Rogojan Rodica, Matei Speleotherapy at the 16th International Congress UIS of Mihaela. (2005).: Environment study in order use poten- Speleology (Brno, Czech Republic, 2013); Conference tial therapeutic factors existing in the cavity of one salt of Speleotherapy from Solotvino (Ukraine, 2013). mine for the achievement of some perspectives of spele- th At the XVth International Symposium of Spele- otherapy development in Romania. In: 14 International otherapy (Wieliczka, Poland, October 23-25, 2014) Congress of Speleology. Athens-Kalamos, 21-28 August and at the PCS/CPS-UIS meeting at the end of this 2005. Proceedings of the 14 th International Congress of scientific manifestation on the proposal of Dr. Vla- Speleology. International Union of Speleology (UIS). Hel- dimir SVOZIL, Member of Extended board of Per- lenic Speleological Society. Athens, Vol.2, p.421 – 425. manent Commission on Speleotherapy; Responsible INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF SPELEOTHERAPY Speleotherapy Repository/Library (Sanatorium EDEL International Symposium (14; 2012; Turda, Romania) The s.r.o. Children’s Hospital of Respiratory Diseases with XIVth International Symposium of Speleoterapy: Turda, Speleotherapy (in the underground galleries from Romania, 2012, October 4-6 (Commission permanente mountains Zlaté Hory, Czech Republic) was discus- de spéléothérapie (CPS) – Département de la recherché sed organization of the XVIth International Sympo- scientifique - The Permanent Commission ofSpeleothera - sium of Speleotherapy in Zlaté Hory Czech Republic py (PCS) - Department of Research - Union Internationale in 2016/2017 in accordance with the 16th Internato- de Spéléology (UIS)- International Union of Speleology; Ro- nal Congress of Speleology (Brno, 2013) and PCS/ manian Academy of Medical Sciences). Abstracts / Under CPS –UIS Meeting from this Congress that approved the redaction: Iuri Simionca, Jaroslav Chonka, Pavel Sla- the new extended structure of the Permanent Com- vic, Ovidiu Mera, Mihail Hoteteu, Liviu Enache, Gheorghe mission on Speleotherapy / Commission Permanente Stoian, ed. XIV, Turda, 2012. – Cluj-Napoca : Publishing:

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Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2012 (ISBN 978-606-17-0241-1), 74 Resolution of the International Scientific-Practical pp. (Editura categoria B clasificata de CNCSIS). Conference “Perspective of Speleotherapy Recovery and Salt Extraction Based on Rock Salt Deposits in the INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF SPELEOTHERAPY village of Solotvino, Tyachiv district, Transcarpathian re- International Symposium (15; 2014; Wieliczka, Poland). gion”, October 22-23, 2013, Solotvino, Ukraine (The ori- The XVth International Symposium of Speleotherapy of ginal in Ukrainian language is available in: http://media0. Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy (PCS) / Com- webgarden.com/files/media0:5284cb5551c69.pdf.upl/ mission permanente de speleotherapie (CPS) of UIS, Wie- Binder1.pdf liczka, Poland, 2014, 23 to 25 October “50 years since the http://media1.webgarden.com/files/ official opening of the first salt mine underground sana- media1:52e103f6a7910.pdf.upl/Resolution%20Solotvi- torium Allergological Sanatorium “Kinga”, Wieliczka, Po- no.pdf land” (Organized by “Wieliczka” Salt Mine and PCS/CPS UIS Bulletin (2014), 56, VOLUME Nº 2 of 2, pp. 29- of UIS. Under the aegis of: Board of the “Wieliczka” Salt 36 http://www.uis-speleo.org/downloads/uis-bulletins/ Mine, Union Internationale de Spéléologie / International uisb562.pdf Union of Speleology (UIS), Polish Association of Balneo- UIS Bulletin (2015) Volume 57, pp. 6-20 http:// logy and Physical Medicine). Editors of the Issue XVth in- www.uis-speleo.org/downloads/uis-bulletins/uisb571. ternational Symposium of Speleotherapy: Iuri Simionca, pdf by Simionca Iuri. XVth International Symposium of Yaroslav Chonka, Kajetan d’Obyrn and other coauthors. Speleotherapy, Salt Mine Wieliczka, Poland, 23 – 25 Oc- Article and Abstracts in: Acta Balneologica, Tom LVI, N3, tober 2014. (137) 2014, p 131-163, (p.131), (ISSN 2082 – 1867). Regards, Iu. Simionca (2014). Activity Report Commission Permanente de Speleotherapie. In: UIS BULLETIN – VO- Dr. Iuri Simionca, Bucharest LUME 56 - Nº 1 of 2, pp. 27-28 (http://www.uis-speleo. MSR II, Dr.b., Ph.D., Iuri Simionca org/downloads/uis-bulletins/uisb561.pdf). President of Permanent Commission on Speleotherapy / Commission Permanente de Spéléothérapie (PCS / CPS – UIS) First Kiev International Scientific Conference 011171. Bucharest, Ion Mihalache Blvd., No 11A, fl.1. “Scientific and methodological Foundations of Medical National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine Geology”, 17-18 April 2013 (Ukraine) http://training.tu- and Balneocliomatology, Bucharest , Romania tkovsky.com/novyny/print:page,1,319-rishennya-pershoyi- [email protected] -kiyivskoyi-mizhnarodnoyi-naukovoyi-konferenciyi-nauko- vi-ta-metodologichni-osnovi-medichnoyi-geologiyi.html

REPORT of activities PUBLICATIONS EXCHANGE WORKING GROUP OF THE UIS INFORMATICS COMMISSION

By Trevor FAULKNER (United Kingdom), Chairman [email protected] http://www.uisic.uis-speleo.org/publexch

his is the second report of the Publications Ex- speleological and karstic information into the distant change Working Group (PEWG) to the UIS Infor- future. Tmatics Commission. It builds on the first report, which was published in UIS Bulletin 58–1, pp. 5–7, The main aims of the PEWG are to: May 2016, to which readers are referred. The PEWG 1 - Promote the exchanges of previous and new has been established to tackle the challenges and op- paper journals and books that will be housed in phy- portunities for the exchange, accessing, organisation, sical libraries internationally; safe storage and archiving of world-wide published 2- Publicise the extent of this international coo-

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 42/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie peration to help safeguard the preservation of impor- Appendix 3: Postal exchanges. tant speleological information into the distant future, Appendix 4: Digital scanning. as a widely distributed ‘archive’; Appendix 5: Electronic publications exchanges. 3- Examine the opportunities and problems re- Appendix 6: Working Party Contacts spreadsheet. lated to the production, dissemination and long-term Appendix 7: Journal Titles Published spreadsheet. storage of information electronically, primarily to im- Appendix 8: Publications Exchanges Status sprea- prove its international, searchable, ‘access’. dsheet. Appendix 9: Action Review: previous and outstan- The vision is that the Working Group ding actions for the Working Group. will assist in the networking of over 100 File PEWG Appendix 9 existing speleological libraries internatio- nally that will each hold and catalogue a Progress to date good selection of published cave and karst The ToR and its Appendices were re-issued at literature. Issue 2 on 9 November 2016, following discussion at The Working Group was formally established the Workshop held on 16 August 2016, and are avai- within the UIS Informatics Commission, with close lable on the website. Appendices 1 to 5 are probably liaison with the UIS Bibliography Commission, at the now stable, so that editors and librarians can consi- 16th International Congress of Speleology (ICS) held der the recommendations. Appendices 4 and 5 have in Brno, Czech Republic, from 21–28 July 2013. been written by an expert team to address the issues regarding the electronic exchange of published infor- Working Group participants mation. At Issue 2, Appendix 4 still needs to make and communication recommendations about the use of Optical Character Editors and Librarians of international speleo- Recognition (OCR). logical organisations and other interested people are Everyone is asked to provide new information asked to regard themselves as part of this Working and updates for Appendices 6, 7 and 8. Peter Mat- Group. Please forward the PEWG Terms of Reference thews, the Chairman of the UIS Informatics Com- (ToR) and its Appendices to your Exchange Partners mission, is thanked for continuing support in placing and invite them to join, by sending a short email to PEWG information on to the UISIC web page. the Chairman (trevor[at]marblecaves.org.uk). The ToR and the Appendices are held on the PEWG web Next Meeting page at http://www.uisic.uis-speleo.org/publexch/. A Publications Exchange Workshop will be These are publicly available, but are not ne- convened within the 17th ICS to be held in Sydney, cessarily completely up to date. The latest working Australia, from 23–29 July 2017: https://www.spe- versions of the Appendices are distributed to the leo2017.com. The workshop is for all Caving Libra- Working Group by the Chairman, from time to time, rians, Caving Editors and others interested in the ex- and placed on the web page when appropriate. change and safe archiving of speleological literature. Meetings for the Working Group are arranged at international speleological events, to discuss pro- The aims of the Workshop are: gress and to facilitate the actual exchange of back 1 - To review the ToR and the Appendices at issues of speleological journals and books. Since the draft issue 3, following a possible restructuring, befo- first report, a formal meeting was held at the Eu- re publishing Issue 3. roSpeleo 2016 event in Yorkshire, UK, on 16 August 2 - To review progress in achieving the aims of 2016. Minutes are available on the website. the Working Group. 3 - To provide an opportunity for networking Achievement of the aims and the physical exchange of publications amongst the attendees. of the Working Group Prior registration, by sending a short email to The aims are achieved by the preparation and the Chairman before end June 2017 is requested, so maintenance of various Recommendations and in- that a suitable agenda can be proposed, but is not formational spreadsheets that are Appendices to the essential for attendance. Terms of Reference. The Appendices currently iden- tified are: Appendix 1: Speleological libraries. Appendix 2: Paper publications.

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By Jean-Pierre Bartholeyns (Belgium) UIS Adjunct Secretary/President of the Department of Karst and Cave Protection of the UIS [email protected]

INTRODUCTION The France HABE Prize is awarded by the Depart- ment of Karst and the Cave Protection of the Internation- al Union of Speleology (UIS). The prize is named in memory and honour of Dr. France HABE (10/12/1999) of Slovenia (Yugoslavia), who among his other many accomplishments served as  President of the UIS Protection Department (1973-1997). France HABE ( 10/12/1999) Its purpose is to promote the protection of karst and caves for generations to come. Their natural legacy are proven sources of increasingly rich information about the history of our planet and humanity, enabling people to act more thoughtfully, efficiently, and sustainably for the future and the biodiversity of our environment.

The 2016 Prize Two submissions were received on time from Bel- gium and Indonesia. They concern an atlas of a karst area (the 6th volume of a series) and the enumeration of differ- ent actions of a caving club who looks like dynamic. The Jury of the France Habe Prize 2016 was com- posed by 2 members of the Scientific Committee of the UIS Department of Karst and Cave Protection and its President. They noted each submission following an evalu- ation frame about presentation, compilation, photog- raphy, scientific content, legibility and original point of view. They decided unanimously to attribute the France Habe Prize 2016, an amount of € 250, to the best and more original contribution. The winner of the UIS France Habe Prize 2016 is the Commission Wallonne d’Etude et de Protection de Sites Souterrains (CWEPSS) for the Atlas du Bassin du Hoyoux - 6e Volume des Monographies Karstiques par Bassin Versants. This remarkable work done tirelessly for many years deserves to be somewhat explained. Well structured and based on multidisciplinary sci- entific achievements this inventory work conducted with the effective participation of field speleologists has a very This reflection and this way of working is applicable useful multi-layer mapping. It is a real reference tool for and reproducible in other karst areas without any prob- the protection and ecologically sustainable management lem. Discovery here below what initiative you can also of caves and karst areas of Wallonia. have in your own region/country.

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UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 45/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie Atlas du Bassin du Hoyoux 6th Volume of the Karstic Monographs by Watersheds PUBLICATION AND CIRCULATION OF A CARTOGRAPHIC INVENTORY OF KARST, CONCEIVED AND STRUCTURED BY THE WATERSHEDS SUB-BASINS

The English version is a translation of the French and original one.

Introduction towards subsoil waters and the karstic aquifers; The protection and preservation of karst and caves - show caves are subject to alteration by unsus- pass through an excellent knowledge of this millennial tainable exploitation; environment hyper sensitive and fragile. - certain “wild” caves are over-visited and even This is the reason who motivated the CWEPSS to vandalized by day visitors. register all phenomena of it and to map them. The conservation of the karstic subterranean sites Water is the key element of this environment, it (and their ecological integrity) is thus clearly in danger in seemed thus logical to the CWEPSS to approach this work Belgium. Today it is a question of making the value of this by hydrologic basins. environment known and of better integrating its protec- The different volumes of the karstic monographs tion in all the policies and the legislation affecting it. (5 presently) of the Atlas are designed as an aid in the Accordingly, a cartographic and descriptive inven- management of limestone regions. They allow everyone tory of the karstic zones (structured in hydrogeologic to understand the formation and evolution of calcareous units) proves to be an essential tool to initiate the last- massifs. They aim to make actors aware of the vulnerabil- ing and integrated protection of the subterranean inheri- ity and of the need for conservation of this exceptional tance on the scale of a state. heritage. Tool of reference to set up an integrated, durable 2. Long-term integrated ecological sus- strategy on the scale of the hydrogeological basins in fa- tainability vour of the protection of karst and caves. This inventory of karstic sites and subterranean riv- ers of Belgium, called “the Walloon Karst Atlas”, consti- 1. Protection needs and constraints tutes both an X-ray photograph of the current karstic situ- in Belgium ation and a powerful tool for the targeted actions for the Belgium is one of the European countries with the protection of the sites, the species and the underground highest population density. Its past and very important habitats. It offers all required information to allow to se- industrial present, its position at the centre of Northern lect the sites to be protected. In particular, this inventory Europe (leading exchanges and an important traffic), its with its cartographical window proposes to reinstate the intensive agriculture and the modification of its territory significant underground sites in their hydrological context and landscapes related to increased town planning are so as to define management and protection on a storage many elements which put strong pressure on the envi- tank level. ronment. With regard to the protection of the karstic solid The karstic subterranean environment in particular masses and the underground ecosystem, this type of is subjected to restrictions that endanger its integrity and more global and integrated solution can without doubt the conservation of the ecosystems associated with them: be usefully applied in other areas of Europe. This tool of - vast quarries break certain solid calcareous reference (cartography and annexed texts), with comput- masses and fold down the groundwater table to produce erized data, is meant to be widely circulated to all parties cement and ballast; interested in the environment. - the discharge of water used directly in the karst Incorporating observations and data, some of and the recourse to depressions (or quarries) as discharg- which are very old, the Walloon Karst Atlas is furthermore es introduce diffuse or specific pollution into the subter- regularly updated. The inventory of the cavities’ fixtures ranean environment; observed periodically is encoded; this makes it possible - the destruction of certain cavities during infra- “to follow” the evolution of a site over the course of time. structure and equipment work; Cooperation with a network of partners (scientists and - the resort to intensive agricultural practices in- cavers) was set up to carry out this follow-up work on the ducing the transfer of pesticides, manure and antibiotics inventory of fixtures.

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Fig 01. La large galerie principale du trou Al Wesse (Modave), faisant l’objet de fouilles archéologiques. The main width gallery Al Wesse hole (Modave), subject to archaeological excavations.

If the paper version of our inventory of karstic sites legibility to the Atlas users. can lose some of its exhaustiveness in the course of time The maps which accompany the inventory are and further to new discoveries in the relevant zones, the published at 1/20,000ths (i.e. on the scale of the Belgian database used as a foundation (and which is available to armed forces’ charts) offering a significant degree of ac- partners) will continue to be updated in real time. In ad- curacy and legibility to the users of the Atlas. dition, we count on being given the aid of a more signifi- Finally, each phenomenon is revisited in the field cant number of partners in the field in the follow-up of during the year preceding the printing of the book in or- the sites thanks to the publication of the work which will der to have a complete description and update. The data facilitate updating. is presented on cards of which the structure is detailed below (see Pt 4). The listings are accompanied by pho- 3. Scientific and technical foundations tographs and topographies that usefully supplement the Convinced of the importance of a cartographic and description of the sites in question. descriptive register of karst as a tool for cave protection, In terms of circulation, 1,000 copies of each karstic CWEPSS works on the updating, the printing and the cir- monograph will be issued, and will be distributed via vari- culation of this database. A priority is that this informa- ous circulation channels (public, private, bookshops, the tion is made available to the various people acting for the caving world …) to end-users. environment (see Pt 5). The SIG (geographical information system) version, 4. In a practical way of the Walloon Karst Atlas is already used by some admin- In our inventory (in its paper as well as its numeri- istrations and partners. The paper publication is a neces- cal version), each fact is the subject of a descriptive card sary complement, often more convenient; especially for that includes the following fields: field surveys. In the logic of the hydrogeological units and in NAME AND SITE agreement with the European Framework Water Direc- Name of the site: It is the name most common- tive (2000/60/CE), the karst data are grouped and pub- ly used to indicate the phenomenon and its referenced lished by subwatersheds rather than according to admin- name in literature. Synonyms are also mentioned. istrative limits with no hydrogeological significance. No of the site: number reproduced on the chart The charts accompanying the inventory are at excerpt at 1/20,000ths so as to position the site. 1/20,000ths (i.e. on the scale of the Belgian armed forces’ Commune: field including the name of the Com- charts) offering a remarkable degree of accuracy and mune and that of the old commune (prior to fusion).

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Locality: hamlet or local name of a point of refer- BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES ence close to the karstic site in question (geographical The list of writers who have published information reference mark). on the site in question. This to allow the people working Lambert Co-ordinates: geographical co-ordinates on a particular phenomenon to have a bibliographical list in Lambert 72 allowing the localization of the site. These that relates to it. co-ordinates were obtained either in literature, or via GPS (for recent summaries) or by carrying them forward on ILLUSTRATIONS charts. The precision of the localization of the phenom- For all the caves with a development of more than ena varies between 10 and 50 m. 50 m, the most complete topography of the network is Altitude: For the subterranean sites and/or the included in the inventory. Finally, the different cards are sites with a sizeable depth, the value is that of the en- illustrated with a selection of photographs (mostly taken trance or the plateau in which it opens. by CWEPSS in 2007-2015) which complete the inventory Forest regions: takes on the name of the forest ar- of fixtures and the description of some of the sites men- eas in which the site lies. This is for management, moni- tioned. toring and site protection reasons. Introductory articles CHARACTERISTICS AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE The inventory part of each monograph is preceded Geology: level/formation (on the basis of the new by article which present the geological characteristics, geological map). hydrological, caving and scientific interests associated Description: text presenting the characteristics, with the mapped area. These original review articles are the features of the site and its immediate neighbourhood. written by experts and contribute to the understanding Hydrogeology: aspects related to water affecting and the overall vision of the karst and of the issues as- the site in question (flow, height, nature of water… and sociated with it. possible contact with other phenomena that are part of the same hydrological system). Inventory of the site: the date, followed by an ob- 5. Expected results of the project servation regarding the state of the phenomenon. Sev- The first mission of this inventory is to contribute eral consecutive listings can be encoded for the same site to the knowledge and to a better taking into account of so as to follow its evolution. This field gives a report of karstic phenomena and subsoil waters, in the manage- the cases of pollution and/or rehabilitation and research ment of calcareous areas and regional planning. tasks in progress. With its precise cartography and its descriptive in- dex cards offering a complete bibliography for each in- SIZE OF THE SITE ventoried phenomenon, as well as a catalogue of fixtures On the surface: length/width/depth expressed in and recommendations with regard to management, this m for a given phenomenon. work is structured like a working paper with various pos- Underground: development/level difference ex- sible uses. pressed in m for the underground part of the site. For regional planning: in karstic areas the qual- Topography: again takes the name and the date of ity of the subsoil can raise serious instability problems. the various authors of the site plan. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account the assets and the weak points of this environment before approv- STATUS OF THE SITE ing installations that could be detrimental. By position- Interest(s): indication of the interesting aspects of the ing the karstic sites accurately, the karst Atlas accurately site, or those that merit being gone into more thoroughly. gives useful data to plan the territorial development of Status: mentions the status in the sector plan, as these areas. well as any other protection status granted to the site (or For work and infrastructure: by recording the sur- a ± larger perimeter in which it is located; e.g.: classified face and subsoil karstic phenomena, the Karst Atlas draws site, natural reserve, Natura 2000 zone…). the attention of land developers to the risks of soil insta- Intervention(s): with regard to the interest, the bility which can in places be non-aedificandi. The data in vulnerability of the site or its measurement, list of fix- the atlas is also used as a basis to designate the karstic tures which CWEPSS suggests taking to contribute to the limitation perimeters (natural risk) for urbanization. preservation of the site and to permanently protect the For the protection of subsoil waters: the karstic local karst. phenomena are as many direct access points to the wa-

UIS BULLETIN - VOLUME 59-1 - June/2017 Page 48/ 60 BULLETIN Union Internationale de Spéléologie ter table and the invaluable subsoil waters they contain account of the subterranean environment in land planning. (60 % of Belgian drinking water is drawn from the karstic c - The European Pascalis program (Protocols for zone). Particular care is required around these burying the Assessment and Conservation of Aquatic Life In the points to protect the water legacy. The atlas will prove Subsurface). The choice of the 192 stations in which the to be very invaluable when defining monitoring zones condition of the fauna in subsoil waters was carried out around the collections, where the karstic sites will have was selected thanks to the Karst Atlas. This inventory was to be the subject of a certain security. also very useful to define the feeding zones of each one For the inventory and the prevention of pollution: of these sites. the list of fixtures of the various karstic phenomena and d - The protection associations of bats (Plecotus) some old quarry limestone shows that liquid and solid refer to the Atlas during the counting of bats and to un- discharges remain relatively frequent in the depressions derstand the logic of wintering grounds network and re- of the soil that constitutes the karstic sites. The situation production adopted by these flying mammals. has fortunately improved since thirty years, but there These three examples show how such an inven- are still some cases of old polluted, non cleared sites and tory is necessary to set up a conservation policy in favour some new alarming tipping. . of the subterranean environment. A wider circulation of For nature conservation: a very important propor- such a database will allow other organizations, associa- tion of the calcareous zones of the Lesse (more than 55%) tions and institutions to have recourse to this database to in Bocq and Samson are mentioned in Natura 2000. This promote research in, and protection of, the subterranean protection status is an excellent thing and the karst Atlas environment. will allow the people in charge of these great protected areas to better integrate the underground dimensions and the specific vulnerability of these sites in the total management of these calcareous soils. For scientists and naturalists: to any person inter- ested in subterranean sites and with the related scientific interests, this atlas will prove to be an invaluable invento- ry to direct their research and to select the sites on which to undertake their studies. For speleologists: the charts giving the geological limits and the establishment of the various karstic sites will help to determine where and how to organize their prospecting and their research to make new discoveries.

6. Project study of impact results of the Atlas For more than 15 years, the karstic inventory of the Wallonia sites has been used as background document and reference in the application of a group of campaigns and initiative in favour of the protection, the study and the preservation of caves and calcareous areas. One can quote, as examples: a - The granting of Underground Cavities of Scien- tific Interest status, with a network of almost 100 caves in Wallonia, so as to protect a representative share of the underground legacy of the area. The choice of sites, the science files and the delimitation of certain measures of Vivaqua protection to be applied were done on the basis of the Karst Atlas. b - The designation of karstic restriction areas. By Fig. 02. Vaste galerie drainante dont le réseau total dépasse les 4 km et qui sert de captage alimentant notam- crossing the register of the karst data with the various ment la Ville de Bruxelles. projects, assignment of the ground and plan of regional Extensive drainage gallery whose total network exce- planning, the zones where karst presents a risk for urban- eds the 4 km and is the catchment including supplying the ization were defined. These contribute to the taking into City of Brussels.

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7. Chronological implementation 9. Involvement of external partners program In point 5 of the file, we detail the various uses of The lists of soil, biological researches and car- this inventory and the people to whom it is directed in tographic work necessary for such an inventory and its order to reinforce the recognition of the interest and the uninterrupted updates is a process that CWEPSS started vulnerability of the subterranean environment. there is now almost 30 years. These people, members of public institutions, -or With no publication or circulation, this data re- ganizations, universities, local authorities, water distribu- mained primarily for internal use and as a support tool tors, administrations are, besides cavers, the first to re- for the activities undertaken by CWEPSS itself in terms ceive our listings. of protection. For 6 years (in cooperation with the Upper Since 1992, the network of contacts and partners Meuse River Contract and then that of the Lesse), CWEPSS that we have woven within universities and local and re- has undertaken to publish its inventory by sub-basin. gional governments allows us on the other hand to ben- Thus the l’Atlas du Karst: Bassin du Viroin (290 pag- efit from observations and new information on many es) was published (in 1,500 copies) in November 2009. Six phenomena. months after publication, more than 400 copies of the Finally, very profitable relationships have been es- work had already been sold, thus confirming the interest tablished with geologists (Geological Service of Belgium in this work and the data which it contains. and the teams responsible for the revision of the geologi- CWEPSS has worked then on the update of the cal map). They make it possible to integrate new observa- karstic data in the Bocq and the Samson basins. This tions and to refine the hydrogeological dimension of solid monographs of 375 pages out of press in 2011. In 2013 masses to manage certain karstic networks on the scale it is the monograph Basins Burnot and Molignées (383 of storage reservoirs. pages) that is published. In 2014 the CWEPSS publish the monograph of the Basse Lesse (399 pages) and in 2015 the karstic mono- 10. Communication to the speleological graph of the Lesse Calestienne - the largest karstic region community of the country (487 pages). 2016 will see the publication All the actions of CWEPSS and in particular the ini- of the karstic monograph of the Bassin du Hoyoux. These tiatives for the protection of the subterranean sites are amply illustrated monographs are published in full color communicated on a quarterly basis (4 x per annum) to and circulated to associations and institutions to be used the speleological community (as well as to a larger audi- for karst protection. ence) via EcoKarst (our association’s publication). This same information, as well as the procedures 8. Involvement of the local cavers to be followed to take part in the inventory of the karstic A large number of cavers and clubs that are active phenomena work, and the “instructions” to protect the in the field of the search for and the protection of karst remarkable caves in Wallonia can be consulted on the as- in Belgium are members as well as partners of CWEPSS. sociation’s Internet sitewww.cwepss.org , updated monthly. Our inventory work is fed by publications, topogra- Lastly, CWEPSS is active in various commissions of phies and statements carried out by these teams on the the Belgian Union of Caving, takes part in the speleologi- ground. In addition, our commission makes the following cal conferences organized to protect and study the sub- available to these partners: terranean environment and regularly publishes articles in - its documentation (more than 500 works, 4000 ar- magazines including that of the federation (Regards). ticles, charts and photographs concerning karst in Belgium), - its experience in terms of conservation of subter- 11. Communication with media ranean sites, and public - its control of the records regarding classification With EcoKarst, CWEPSS has its own quarterly publi- and protection of cavities with regard to proposing a du- cation which is widely circulated in Belgium (nearly 1,000 rable status for a cave. copies) to all the organizations, associations, industries, Lastly, the karstic listings that we carry out were also communes and administrations with an interest and/or a structured (see point 5) so as to be used by the speleolo- ± direct influence on the underground environment. gists in their research on a solid mass or a particular zone. The readership of our publication is reinforced and The caving community is thus at the same time the enlarged by its transmission on our Internet site, where source and one of the main recipients of this cartographic each number is downloaded several hundreds of times. and descriptive inventory. http://www.cwepss.be/ecoKarst.htm.

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With regard to the listing of the karstic sites, framework of the European Year of the Environment, of a although it is a rather technical document, everything has vast road show “Endangered Subsoil Waters and Caves”. been done to make it attractive and more accessible to Since 1994 - Involvement in the work of the Protec- the public in general and to “non- specialists” through the tion and Access Commission of the Belgian Caving Union conception and the design of the publication (many illus- regarding access conditions to the caves. trations, introductory popularized articles, very clear sets 1995 - Republishing, within the framework of of chart themes) as well as via its circulation. the European Year of Nature Conservation, of a booklet It is indeed a question of showing all inhabitants “Caves and subsoil waters, treasures to be protected” of calcareous areas that karst management is everyone’s destined for the 10-12 year age group, previously pub- responsibility. We thus organized press conferences, gave lished in 1989. several conferences, offered field visits directed to the 1997-2003 - Installation (at the request of the Wal- general public and had articles published in several news- loon Government) of a network of Underground Caves papers and magazines. Regional and communal adminis- of Scientific Interest, including management plans and an trations also relayed this information. Several panels of our road show, often carried out according to the place of access policy, and the endorsement of research in order the presentation, deal with the atlas. to ensure their preservation. From 2003 - Expertise and opinion given for sev- 12. Main past references / experience eral tourist caves to advise on management modes, light- of the organization in the field of Cave ing and methods for less harmful cleaning of the caves. Protection 2001-2004 - Study on karstic constraints and re- Karst and cave protection represents the social ob- gional planning, with as specific goal the delimitation of ject itself of our association and its purpose. The large zones where urbanization is to be avoided because of ex- majority of the activities developed now for almost 45 posure of the caves. years have this very vocation. In particular the following 2002-2006 - Pascalis (Protocols for the Assessment actions: and Conservation of Aquatic Life In the Subsurface), co- ordination (in collaboration with the Royal Institute of October 1970 - 1st Symposium on the Protection of Natural Science of Belgium) of the programme in favour Karstic Sites. Origin of the idea of the creation of a protec- of the protection of stygobiontic microorganisms. tion commission. Since 2008 - Participation in the management From 1971 - Organization of cleaning sites (“dépol- commissions of the Natura 2000 areas in Wallonia, with lukarst” weekend) in certain extraordinary caves of the a view to better recognition and the taking into account country. of the subterranean habitat in the management of these 1976=>1990 - National campaign for the protection regions. of two of the most remarkable caves in the country (Hot- Since 1977 - Gathering, keeping up-to-date the ton and Lyell-Dew) threatened by quarries (these actions karstic site Inventory Data of Wallonia and publications: ended in the classification of these sites and a halt to the Province of Liege (1996), Province of Namur-Upper development of the quarries that threatened them. Our Meuse (1999). slogan: a classified site to be crushed. Nov. 2009 - Publication of Atlas: Viroin Basin. 1978 - The aims of the “Pollukarst” investigation Sep. 2011 - Publication of Atlas: Bocq and Samson carried out for the Ministry of Public Health on the basis Basins. of the first actions of the atlas were to draw up a chart 2013 - Publication of Atlas: Burnot and Molignee of the condition of the speleological environment and to Basins. sensitize public opinion to the dangers of pollution to the June 2014 - Publication of Atlas: Basse Lesse Basin, karstic sites. (very soon). 1982 and 1991 - Files on classification and natu- June 2015 - Publication of Atlas of the Lesse Cal- ral retention for certain threatened caves, interventions estienne. to stop sewer rejects in sinkholes and to obtain settling September 2016 - Publication of Atlas: Hoyoux tanks for motorway water. Bassin (press release scheduled on 20/09). 1988 - Public awareness campaign together with the publication of a booklet and the creation, within the

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IN MEMORIAM SAMI KARkABI Palestine, 1931-2017 by Johnny Tawk (Lebanon) [email protected]

ami Karkabi, co-founder of the Speleo Club du Liban ty professor, he had orga- (SCL), passed away on the 24th of March, 2017, at the nized numerous seminars age of 86 years. His name is mostly associated with the on vernacular habitats in SJeita Cave. countries such as Iraq, Mo- Born in Haifa, Palestine, in 1931, Sami Karkabi obtained rocco, Algeria, Iran, Ethiopia, in 1952 a MPC general mathematics from the Graduate School Turkey, Sudan, Yemen and Gerard Thomé of Mathematics of Beirut. That same year, he taught hotel ac- Kenya. He also took charge counting at the Ecole Hôtelière before working in the Lebanese of two anthropo-architectural research workshops in Lebanon, Petroleum Company from 1952 to 1953. Wadi Kannoubine (the Holy Valley) and Wadi Nahr es-Salib. The He started caving in 1949, and since 1951(founding of first is a world heritage site recognized by UNESCO. SCL) he led many expeditions first, inside the Jeita cave where Sami participated in different International Speleological he pushed the explorations from 2800 m till 6400 m (Terminal Congresses and Symposia from 1958 till 1999. In addition, he st nd Siphon) from the entrance. Numerous obstacles had to be over- took part of the organizing committee of the 1 and 2 Middle come, especially the famous “Falaise Karkabi”, named after him. East Speleology Symposia in 2001 and 2006. He was appointed In 1954, he travelled to France and met Robert de Joly honorary member of the Speleo Club of Paris in 2004. He also (president of Speleo-Club de Paris at that time) and learned had numerous scientific and other publications (books, articles). further about touristic development of caves. One year later, he In particular, he has more than 25,000 cave photographs and became in charge of the design of the touristic part of the lower more than 250,000 photos from his anthropological studies. level of Jeita cave, while at the same time he was the director of Sami Karkabi was a great building block for the Leba- the project on behalf of the Commissariat Général du Tourisme. nese speleology. He always believed in team spirit. For many Passionate about speleology, he explored numerous ca- years he has been the mentor and support of many cavers and vities and underground karstic systems in Lebanon, as well as speleologists. He spared no efforts to keep sustainable brid- abroad. Thus, in 1956, he took part in the French expedition of ges between the Lebanese speleologists and the international the “Gouffre Berger” in the Vercors in France, 1st -1000 m deep community of speleologists (UIS), even during the difficult ti- cave in the XXth Century. Together with Speleo Club du Liban mes of the Lebanese civil members, they discovered the Upper Galleries in Jeita Cave in war. He never compromi- 1958 which led to the touristic development of the cave’s new sed perfection, ethics and galleries in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Works and efficiency. He has been a Dar el-Handassa in 1965. true friend and appreciate Sami Karkabi, editor of the SCL’s speleological journal comradeship and the lit- Al-Ouat’Ouate from 1954 till 1999, was also an anthropologist, tle things that make up a and carried out numerous studies in this field. As a universi- good life. His memory and legacy will be safeguarded by the present and future generations of the Speleo- -Club du Liban, who would have never been the same without him. © Sami Karkabi Archive © Sami Karkabi 1952 - Sami at the entrance of Jeita Cave © Sami Karkabi Archive © Sami Karkabi

1950 - Sami in Jeita Cave, Lebanon.

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2017 Calendar of Events 2018

17th International Congress of Speleology (ICS) - “Caves in an Ancient Land” 23-30 July 2017 (Panthers Event Centre, suburb of Penrith, western Sydney, Australia) http://speleo2017.com

International Clean-up of Gouffre Berger 1-15 August 2017 (Vercors, France) http://cds39.fr/BFC/index

11th Balkan Caving Camp - 20th Hellenic Speleological Meeting August 27th – September 3rd, 2017 (Leonidio, Peloponnesus, Greece) www.balkanspeleo2017.gr

V Biospeleology Conference (V Encuentro Ibérico de Biología Subterránea) 21-23 September 2017 (Seville, Spain) https://5encuentrobssevill.wixsite.com/veibs

44th International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress 25-29 September 2017 (Dubrovnik, Croatia) http://iah2017.org/

22nd National Cave and Karst Management Symposium 16-20 October 2017 (Eureka Springs, Arkansas, USA) http://nckms.org/

British Cave Research Association - 28th Cave Science Symposium 21-22 October 2017 (Leeds, UK) http://british-caving.org.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=1386&sid=6def9ad7ebf1e24460cac3a8f13b1148

Geological Society of America (GSA) Annual Meeting & Exhibition 22-25 October 2017 (Seattle, Washington, USA) http://community.geosociety.org/gsa2017/home

9th International Conference on Geomorphology (9th ICG) 6-11 November 2017 (Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, India) Karst Session: http://www.icg2017.com/session.php

Workshop: Grotte de Han, New Dramatic Effect of Lighting 16-18 November 2017 (Han-sur-Lesse, Belgium) http://cavelighting.de/workshop-grotte-de-han-new-dramatic-effect-of-the-light.html

15th Sinkhole Conference, joint with the 3rd Appalachian Karst Symposium 2-6 April 2018 (Shepherdstown, West Virginia, USA) http://www.sinkholeconference.com/

18th International Vulcanospeleology Symposium 21-27 July 2018 (Lava Beds National Monument, California, USA) http://www.vulcanospeleology.org/sym18/ISV18.html

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Sydney, Australia, 23-30 July 2017

Caves in an Ancient Land

by Denis Marsh - President, Speleo 2017 ICS Organising Commission (a commission of the Australian Speleological Federation) [email protected]

The world premier speleological event for announcements? To subscribe just visit our Mail 2017 is almost here. Over 400 speleologists from List page on the website at http://lists.speleo2017. some 45 countries around the world will shortly com/mailman/listinfo/speleo2017-announce . be heading ‘Downunder’ to Australia for the 17th Alternatively follow us on Facebook https:// International Congress of Speleology (17th ICS), www.facebook.com/Speleo2017/ convened by the UIS and hosted by the Austra- Circular 3 is now available and contains lian Speleological Federation. much of the important information to help with ‘SPELEO 2017’, 23 – 29 July 2017, to be organising your trip and finding the latest infor- held in Sydney, Australia, promises to be a truly mation on the Congress planning. Read or do- unforgettable experience. With around 257 pa- wnload a copy here https://www.speleo2017.com/ pers and over 60 posters to be presented, the pa- Circulars/Circular3.pdf cked program will hold an interest for everyone We are still accepting Late Registrations attending. You can view the exciting list of ac- and also Day Registrations so no need to miss cepted abstract titles on the ICS website at ht- out if you have not registered yet. Visit the Con- tps://www.speleo2017.com/ or simply following gress registration facility now https://conference. this link https://www.speleo2017.com/AcceptedA- speleo2017.com and join us in Sydney, Australia. bstracts.html . The organising committee for the 17th ICS For details on the ICS program, check out is excited and looking forward to welcoming the draft program on our website https://www. registrants to the Congress and will be making speleo2017.com/Program.html . every effort to create a friendly and relaxed at- More details will be posted as they beco- mosphere for all our friends in speleology from me available. Why not keep up to date with in- around the globe. formation by subscribing for email updates and

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President: UIS Past-Presidents Kyung Sik WOO (Republic of Korea) Arrigo A. CIGNA (Italy) - 1973-1981 Vice-President for Operations: Adolfo ERASO ROMERO (Spain) - 1981-1986 Efraín Mercado (Puerto Rico) Derek C. FORD (Canada) - 1986-1989 Vice-President for Administration: Paolo FORTI (Italy) - 1993-1997 Julia Mary JAMES (Australia) - 1997-2001 George VENI (USA) José Ayrton LABEGALINI (Brazil) - 2001-2005 Secretary General: Andrew EAVIS (United Kingdom) - 2005-2013 Fadi NADER (Lebanon) Adjunct Secretaries: Christian DODELIN (France) Gioanni BADINO (Italy) Jean-Pierre BARTHOLEYNS (Belgium) John CUGLEY (Australia) Mladen GARASIC (Croatia) Nadja ZUPAN HAJNA (Slovenia) Nivaldo COLZATO (Brazil) Zdeněk MOTYČKA (Czech Republic) José Ayrton Labegalini José Ayrton

UIS BUREAU 2013/2017 in Dalesbridge, United Kingdom, August 2016. Left to right: Efraín MERCADO (Vice-President for Operations/Puerto Rico); Nivaldo COLZATO (Adjunct Secretary/Bra- zil); Giovanni BADINO (Adjunct Secretary/Italy); Kyung Sik WOO (President/Republic of Korea); Zdeněk MOTYČKA (Ad- junct Secretary/Czech Republic); Nadja ZUPAN HAJNA (Adjunct Secretary and Treasurer/Slovenia); Mladen GARASIC (Adjunct Secretary/Croatia); Fadi NADER (Secretary General/Lebanon); Jean Pierre BARTHOLEYNS (Adjunct Secretary/ Belgium); John CUGLEY (Adjunct Secretary/Australia); George VENI (Vice-President for Administration/USA) andChris - tian DODELIN (Adjunct Secretary/France); Photo by José Ayrton LABEGALINI (UIS Past President)

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ACTIVE NATIONS MEMBERS LIST as reported by the UIS Treasurer 54 Active Nations Members in June 2017 (with debts for 2 or more years marked with*)

Algeria * Honduras* Puerto Rico Argentina* Hungary Romania Australia Indonesia Russia* Austria Iran IR Serbia Belgium Israel* Slovakia Bosnia & Hercegovina Italy Slovenia Brazil Jamaica* South Africa Bulgaria Japan South Korea Canada Lebanon* Spain* China Lithuania Sweden Colombia Luxembourg Switzerland Costa Rica* Mexico The Netherlands Croatia Mongolia* Turkey Cuba Norway Ukraine Czech Republic New Zealand United Kingdom France Paraguay* USA Germany Poland Venezuela* Greece Portugal Vietnam*

Some countries have paid their annual fees up to 2022. Some haven’t paid for 2 years or more! Have not found your Please indicate WHO is paying for your country country in this list? - especially if there are two or more speleological asso- ciations in your country. The UIS Bureau can’t select the Ask the UIS Treasurer payer for your country and we don’t return money!!! If you have a new treasurer or responsible per- son for payments, please send the new name and e- -mail address to [email protected]. We do not know who to contact in some coun- UPDATE your status now! tries or we do not have their proper address. PAYMENT VIA UIS WEBSITE CONTACT UIS Now the payment of the annual fees can be done directly via UIS Web Page through PayPal service. UNION INTERNATIONALE DE SPÉLÉOLOGIE http://www.uis-speleo.org/index.php?option=com_content Titov trg 2, 6230 Postona, Slovenia www.uis-speleo.org &view=article&id=67&Itemid=383

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FINANCE ANNUAL contributionS By: Nadja ZUPAN HAJNA, UIS Treasurer/UIS Adjunct Secretary (Slovenia) - [email protected] Each UIS member country has the free choice of the ca- tegory in accordance with its own financial possibilities and with the number of speleologists or speleological societies/ associations/ federations/ clubs/ institutions. The UIS Bureau authorized to reduce or to remit the contributions, if the UIS member-country makes a respectively written demand. If the UIS Bureau requires, the UIS member country has to give reasons for the difficulties of a payment. The authorization of the UIS Bureau to reduce or remit the contributions confirms that the impossibility of a payment by actual political problems or difficulties will not be an ar- Prof. Dr. Nadja ZUPAN HAJNA (Slovenia) in gument to exclude any member country from the international United Arab Emirates collaboration within the structure of the UIS.

ANNUAL CONTRIBUTIONS The UIS General Assembly at the 15th ICS decided to change the annual contributions of the UIS member-countries to Euro currency, while keeping the same rates as those since 1994. The annual contributions will be as follows, starting from January 2010: Category A - 300 Euros Category B - 200 Euros Category C - 50 Euros

UIS BANK ACCOUNT Account name Account No. Mednarodna speleološka zveza-UIS IBAN SI56 1010 0003 7861 520

Andrej Mihevc Andrej Titov trg 2 6230 Postojna - Slovenia SWIFT Code: BAKOSI2X Bank (name and address) Accepted Currencies: Banka Koper d.d. USD (United States Dollars) Traška 2 EUR (Euros) 6230 Postojna - Slovenia

State oF UIS bank account on MAY 31, 2017 10.704,27 EUR 14.972,76 USD Headquarters of the Karst Research Institute in Pos- tojna, Slovenia, where the offices of the UIS are loca- Deposits in EUR and USD bring interest to ted. In the detail, the bronze plaque with the emblem cover various bank and account charges. of the UIS affixed below the name of the institute.

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Guide for submitting and publishing articles in the UIS Bulletin ENGLISH VERSION

1 – INTRODUCTION

This guide describes how to prepare and submit arti- nounced deadline for receipt of materials for that issue of cles for publication in the UIS Bulletin. the Bulletin. The main objective of the UIS Bulletin is to give -re The editors are not responsible for misspellings or aders high quality content that respects their need for ac- incorrect information, although they will make their best curate and informative speleological news of international effort to fix errors while keeping articles as close to the origi- interest. nal version as possible.

2 – ARTICLE PRODUCTION 2.e – When referring to an institution name in the article, please use the complete official name first, followed by the 2.a – When writing an article or report for the UIS Bulletin, institution acronym in parenthesis. Examples: Unión Inter- authors should answer the following main questions: nationale de Spéléologie (UIS); International Council for Who? Science (ICSU). Once the full name of the institution is used, What? then only the acronym should be used afterward. When? Where? 2.f – Dates must be written in the following format: How? MM/DD/YYYY (Month/Day/Year) Why? 2.g – The International System of Units (SI), often called the 2.b – All papers and articles submitted to the UIS Bulletin “metric system,” should be used. should be preferably in the English language. If the author is not able to do that, the author may 2.h – All bibliographical references used must be included use any of the other UIS Official Languages: in alphabetical order at the end of the article. The use of a French generally accepted bibliographical system is recommended. German Spanish 3 - FORMAT Italian Russian 3.a – When available, the text of the article should be writ- In special circumstances, we accept articles in other ten using Microsoft Word or Open Office (which is an open languages. Such requests are reviewed on a case by case source office suite), in vertical A4 size format, single column, basis. automatic character spacing and single line spacing.

2.c – All papers and articles submitted to the UIS Bulletin for 3.b – Please use Times New Roman, 11 point font. The edi- publication in a language, other than the UIS Official Lan- tors have the right to modify the final document in order to guages, must include a short and precise abstract (summa- fit it adequately to the Bulletin format and available space. ry) in English. The photos and figures included with the article must 3.c – Authors should avoid the overuse of the following font have captions in the original language and in English. types and styles: bold, underlined, italics, and double spa- cing between words. 2.d – Authors should review their articles thoroughly, and get independent reviews to assure clarity of meaning before 3.d – Use a manual change of line when starting a new pa- submission. Any corrections must to be sent before the an- ragraph. Guide for submitting and publishing articles in the UIS Bulletin - version 2.0 - july 2016 - Page 1 of 2

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3.e – Use an appropriate and consistent form of numbering UIS Bulletin to the article’s author and collaborators to the throughout the document. Please avoid complex systems. In emails provided. the case of title and subtitle numbering, please, deactivate Please send your full name, title, profile photo, aca- the “automatic numbering“ mode. Do it manually. demic title (if you wish), main field of expertise or profes- sion, nationality (or country), main email and alternate 3.f – Save your document in .doc or .docx (MS Word) or .odf email. Please, use the following addresses to submit your (Open Office) format when possible. article:

4 – IMAGES Efrain MERCADO (Puerto Rico) Editor in Chief 4.a – Images (photos, figures, graphics, maps, logos, etc.) [email protected] should be inserted immediately after they are first mentio- [email protected] ned, with their own captions. Nivaldo COLZATO (Brazil) 4.b – When using any images, send them as individual files Graphic Editor (in addition to their placement in the MS Word of Open Offi- [email protected] ce file), in .JPG, .JPEG, .PNG or .TIFF format. The minimum [email protected] resolution should be of 300 dpi or 1.024 x 768 pixels, using RGB color standard. 6 – PUBLICATION POLICIES

4.c – In the case of figures, graphics, maps and logos, send 6.a – Viewpoints and opinions (personal or from the repre- also a separate file of the original art in Corel Draw, Adobe sented institutions) expressed in articles are the responsibi- Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Microsoft Excel, or other formats. lity of the authors and do not represent in any way the UIS, its policies, or Bureau members. 4.d – All images shall be accompanied by the author’s full name and a brief caption. 6.b – The editors reserve the right to make suggestions and The caption may be a title or short description that modify the articles before publication for reasons of spa- describes the image. It should clarify any doubt that an ima- ce, compliance with UIS Internal Regulations and Statutes, ge could present, and emphasize any important information unprofessional content (including potential plagiarism and that readers cannot see or interpret themselves easily. discrimination), wrong citations, or any other reason that Captions shall identify, whenever feasible, the people does not reflect clear and reasonable information appro- (use full names) and the place presented in the image. For priate for the UIS Bulletin. example: “Entrance of Gouffre Berger, France. From left to right: Mario Speleo, Yaneth Dolina, Helen Helictite, and Ca- 6.c – The editors reserve the right to accept or refuse any rol Cave” or “Elizabeth Abyss (in green T-shirt)”. article that does not comply with the rules, guidelines, and criteria of the UIS. 4.e – If the image was already published in any publication, the source shall be mentioned and the permit for reproduc- 7 – NON-DISCRIMINATION POLICY tion of the image (usually special markings like: ©). OF THE UIS BULLETIN

5 – SUBMISSION 7.a – The UIS prohibits discrimination against its member nations, volunteers and providers, on the basis of race, co- 5.a – Each article, paper or material shall be submitted to the lor, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, reli- editors of the UIS Bulletin by e-mail or other electronic means. gion, reprisal, and where applicable, political belief, marital If using regular mail we suggest the use of couriers or status, familiar or parental status, or sexual orientation. express mail (although it is expensive). If you do not use ex- press mail, your package could take weeks to months before 7.b – Any questions should be submitted in write to the UIS reaching the editors. Secretary General through the UIS website: Send all material in advance of the deadline announced www.uis-speleo.org. for the next issue of the UIS Bulletin. Any material received Alternatively, write to: after that date will be used in the subsequent issue. Once Union Internationale de Spéléologie published, the editors will deliver a digital copy of the Titov trg 2 - 6230, Postojna - Slovenia

Guide for submitting and publishing articles in the UIS Bulletin - version 2.0 - july 2016 - Page 2 of 2

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EdiTOr’s disclOsure

UIS Bulletin, nor its editors are responsible for:

• misspellings • wrongly written names • incorrect articles • typographical mistakes

Every effort possible has been made to keep all articles as close to the original version. In some cases, the editors review the structure in order to present the article in a clear and consistent manner and obvious errors are corrected if found. We appreciate your understanding. Should you have any comments, please send them to:

Efraín MERCADO (Puerto Rico) Editor in Chief [email protected]

Nivaldo COLZATO (Brazil) Graphic Edition [email protected]

BULLETIN

Union Internationale de Spéléologie

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