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SCUOLA SUPERIORE PER MEDIATORI LINGUISTICI (Decreto Ministero Dell’Università 31/07/2003) Via P SCUOLA SUPERIORE PER MEDIATORI LINGUISTICI (Decreto Ministero dell’Università 31/07/2003) Via P. S. Mancini, 2 – 00196 - Roma TESI DI DIPLOMA DI MEDIATORE LINGUISTICO (Curriculum Interprete e Traduttore) Equipollente ai Diplomi di Laurea rilasciati dalle Università al termine dei Corsi afferenti alla classe delle LAUREE UNIVERSITARIE IN SCIENZE DELLA MEDIAZIONE LINGUISTICA REGINA DI ANGOLA RELATORI: CORRELATORI: Prof.ssa Adriana Bisirri Prof. Marco Tirone Prof.ssa Marylin Scopes Prof.ssa Claudia Piemonte CLEIDE DE JESUS FERNANDES 2278 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2016/2017 1 2 INDICE IN ITALIANO ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUZIONE ........................................................................................................................................... 8 I. IL REGNO DEL NDONGO...................................................................................................................... 14 I.1. Ngola e Ndongo ................................................................................................................................... 14 I.2. I Mbundo ............................................................................................................................................. 20 I.3. Jagas o Mbangala? .............................................................................................................................. 23 I.4. Temba Ndumba e Magia Samba: riti e costumi Jagas .................................................................... 24 II.ANGOLA: CONQUISTA E RESISTENZA ........................................................................................... 27 II.1. La formazione della colonia portoghese di Angola ......................................................................... 27 II.2 Presentazione della sobas, baculamentos e istituzione di Amos ..................................................... 36 II.3. La guerra in Angola: "guerra nera" e Jagas mercenari ............................................................... 40 II.4. Percorso del commercio di schiavi: fiere e penitenzieri ................................................................. 41 III. NZINGA MBANDI E LA LOTTA PER IL NDONGO ....................................................................... 45 III.1. La guerra contro il Ndongo ............................................................................................................. 45 III.2. Dona Anna de Sousa: battesimo e pace .......................................................................................... 50 III.3. Nzinga Mbandi, signora d’Angola .................................................................................................. 59 III.4. Le fughe verso il Kilombo di Nzinga .............................................................................................. 65 III.5. il golpe politico di Fernão de Sousa ................................................................................................ 70 III.6 Nzinga Tembanza ............................................................................................................................. 78 III.7. Illegittimità di Ngola Are................................................................................................................. 88 III.8. Potere femminile e legittimità nel Ndongo e a Matamba ............................................................. 97 CONCLUSIONI .......................................................................................................................................... 109 3 INDICE IN ENGLISH ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................. 119 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 120 I. THE KINGDOM OF NDONGO ............................................................................................................ 123 I.1. Ngola and Ndongo ............................................................................................................................. 123 I.2. The mbundo ....................................................................................................................................... 128 I.3. Jagas or Mbangala? .......................................................................................................................... 131 I.4. Temba Ndumba and the Magi a Samba: rites and customs Jagas ............................................... 131 II. ANGOLA: CONQUEST AND RESISTANCE .................................................................................... 134 II.1. Formation of the Portuguese colony of Angola ............................................................................. 134 II.2 Submission of the sobas, baculamentos and institution of Amos ................................................. 142 II.3 The Angolan wars: "black war" and Jaga mercenaries ............................................................... 146 II.4. Itinerary of the slave trade: trade fairs and penitentiaries.......................................................... 148 III. NZINGA MBANDI AND THE FIGHT FOR NDONGO .................................................................. 151 III.1. The war against Ndongo ................................................................................................................ 151 III.2. Dona Ana de Sousa: Baptism and peace ...................................................................................... 155 III.3. Nzinga Mbandi, lady of Angola .................................................................................................... 160 III.4. The escape to Nzinga’s Kilombo ................................................................................................... 161 III.5. The political coup of Fernão de Sousa ......................................................................................... 163 III.6. nzinga Tembanza ........................................................................................................................... 168 III.7. Ilegitimacy of Ngola Are. ............................................................................................................... 174 III.8. Female power and legitimacy in Ndongo and Matamba ............................................................ 180 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 184 4 INDICE EM PORTUGUES RESUMO...................................................................................................................................................... 193 INTRODUÇÃO ........................................................................................................................................... 194 I. O REINO DO NDONGO ........................................................................................................................ 197 I.1. Ngola e Ndongo ............................................................................................................................ 197 I.2. Os Mbundo ................................................................................................................................... 202 I.3. Jagas Ou Mbangala? ................................................................................................................... 204 I.4. Temba Ndumba e a Magia Samba: ritos e costumes Jagas .......................................................... 205 II. ANGOLA PORTUGUESA: CONQUISTA E RESISTÊNCIA .......................................................... 208 II.1. Formação da colônia portuguesa de Angola ................................................................................. 208 II.2 Submissão dos sobas, baculamentos e instituição dos amos ......................................................... 216 II.3 As guerras angolanas: "guerra preta” e Jagas mercenários ........................................................ 220 II.4. Itinerário do tráfico negreiro: feiras e presídios........................................................................... 222 III. Nzinga Mbandi e a luta pelo Ndongo .................................................................................................. 225 III.1. A guerra contra o Ndongo ............................................................................................................. 225 III.2. Dona Anna de Sousa: batismo e paz ............................................................................................ 229 III.3. Nzinga Mbandi, senhora de Angola ............................................................................................. 234 III.4. As fugas para o kilombo de Nzinga .............................................................................................. 235 III.5 O golpe político de Fernão de Sousa ............................................................................................. 238 III.6 Nzinga Tembanza ........................................................................................................................... 242 III.7 Ilegitmidade de Ngola Are.............................................................................................................. 248 III.8. Poder
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