DOCSLIB.ORG

University Grants Commission, New Delhi Recognized Journal No

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University Grants Commission, New Delhi Recognized Journal No University Grants Commission, New Delhi Recognized Journal No. 41311 ISSN: Print: 2347-5021 www.research-chronicler.com ISSN: Online: 2347-503X Addressing a Generation in Transition A Reading of Babu Brajakishore Prasad’s Presidential Address Bihar Students’ Conference, Chapra, 1911 Sunny Kumar Research Scholar, Department of History, B.R.A.B.U. Muzaffarpur, (Bihar) India Abstract The presidential address of Babu Brajkishore Prasad at the 1911 session of the sixth Bihar Students’ Conference—which took place annually during Dasahara1 period-- needs to be seen in its transitional, historical context. First of all, the speech takes place in 1911, when one of the most important missions of Babu Brajkishore Prasad’s public life and that of his other eminent contemporaries from Bihar, was about to become a reality. The mission, of course, was the carving out of Bihar from Bengal and making it a separate province. The issue of Bihar was settled with the Delhi Durbar proclamation in December 1911, cancelling the Partition of Bengal as announced in 1905. The separation of Bihar from Bengal was a great historical feat as it freed the Hindi-speaking areas of Bengal from one layer of colonial and cultural subjugation and allowed for them a socio-political identity and space in the newly emerging national consciousness under the one geographical, economic, social and cultural entity called Bihar, then written as Behar. Key Words : Generation, Transition, Province, Consensuses, Subjection However, the movement for the creation of Readers of Bryce’s American Bihar was not an easy task for its leaders. Commonwealth are no doubt aware that In fact, those espousing the cause of Bihar there exists in the United States a strong were seen to be moving in the opposite state patriotism, which subsists side by direction of the clarion call for national side with federal patriotism. This was unity that was gradually enveloping the precisely our ideal, but it was unfortunately not at all appreciated in Indians, in general, and educated Indians, in particular. No wonder, Sachidanand Bengal—then the predominant partner in Sinha, in his article on Mahesh Narayan, the Lower Provinces—as its practical another pioneering leader of the Bihar effect was the setting up of now well- Movement, rather painfully recorded how known cry for ‘Bihar for Biharees’. In the leaders of the Bihar movement were some other provinces, too, this ideal was considered almost ‘anti-national’ by the regarded by some as ‘anti-national’, but intelligentsia of Bengal as well as of other such a view was not at all well-founded. parts of the country for espousing their As a matter of fact, the intense excitement, cause. It may be instructive to quote him to some years later on Bengal having make out the moral dilemma that was sundered by the Curzonian partition (under posed before them and how they which scheme two-thirds of the Bengalese successfully held their ground: shared, as its result, a common administration with the Assamese, and the remaining one-third with the Biharees and Volume V Spl. Issue II: November 2017 (98) Guest Editor: Dr. Md. Irshad University Grants Commission, New Delhi Recognized Journal No. 41311 ISSN: Print: 2347-5021 www.research-chronicler.com ISSN: Online: 2347-503X the Oriyas) conclusively established that some quarters. It is doubted by some our ideal of linguistic provinces in India whether a conference of students like based on a common language, and also on yours is of any real utility. It is easy historic traditions and territorial to doubt and criticize work. I would patriotism, was absolutely right.2 like to tell those gentlemen, who One can very well understand the pain and seem to know very little of the aims dilemma which Sinha underlines above and object, as also of the workings, because the perception that Bihar of your Conference, that of all the movement did not have support at the public associations or conferences in national level has percolated down to our province, or in any other contemporary history writings too and province of this country, if there is much of it can be attributed to the lack of one which, more than others, serves research about the Movement at the micro a really useful purpose, it is your Conference. It has given a new life level. One can refer to the following observation to illustrate this: to the students of Behar. It has infused a new spirit in them. The The birth of politics in Bihar, in the overflowing enthusiasm, the robust proper sense of the term, is optimism, the mutual sympathy and connected with a cause, which, fellow-feeling, the organized co- although it was not popular, was operation, and above all, the spirit sponsored by the intellectuals. This de-corps which I see in you today all was the issue of separation of Bihar the works of the Conference. You, 3 from Bengal. (italics added) gentlemen, who are the further hopes It is, thus, no coincidence that in the of the country, are receiving very present address, Babu Brajkishore Prasad good and valuable training through first of all takes up the issue of the your Conference; and when you rationale of having such a students’ have left off your student-life and conference. This is certainly the direct entered the world, you will find result of the questioning which he and yourselves more fitted, more other leaders of Bihar had had to undergo equipped, more ready and more as indicated above. At the same time, willing to fight the battle of the however, his address seems to be infused country than the present generation with a sense of optimism for the future of which is engaged in it did actually his province, mainly because of the find itself at the same stage. You imminent separation of Bihar from Bengal. will make better citizens of the The main starting para of the address, British Empire and be better capable following the introductory one in which he of doing good to your country and to comes out as a very humble personality yourself than we have been. By the before the students, needs to be quoted in time you finish your student career full to appreciate these conflicting you will have learnt much which emotions that seemed to have guided his those who have gone before you had address: to learn for many a year after they Gentlemen, the necessity and had entered life. What can be a advisability of holding a students’ better justification than all for the conference has been questioned in existence of your Conference? Let Volume V Spl. Issue II: November 2017 (99) Guest Editor: Dr. Md. Irshad University Grants Commission, New Delhi Recognized Journal No. 41311 ISSN: Print: 2347-5021 www.research-chronicler.com ISSN: Online: 2347-503X those who doubt open their eyes, and the youth of Bihar and the nation. And, in examine the thing more closely and fact, the tone of the address shows him to they will be satisfied that yours is a be almost cautioning the students to not very useful institution. become avowedly political and remain The exhortation of Babu Brajkishore focused as his following words show: Prasad to the students of the Conference to Gentlemen, but yours is purely a ‘become better citizens of the British student’s conference, and I hope you Empire’ is in line with the general belief will always keep it in mind and among the contemporary intelligentsia handle those matters only which about the British rule being the harbinger concern you as students. of modern and progressive education and Rather, towards the end of the address, he ideas, and it is not at all odd that he uses touches upon the issue of students and expressions like: politics directly as the ‘last matter’ and Thanks to the British Government quite obliquely conveys how getting which has kept us alive! All praise to ‘sound education’ in itself should be seen the English people who have as the most important political ‘dharma’, educated us! All honour to the so to say: British statesmen who have given us The last matter to which I wish to peace and made the realization of draw your attention is the question our future hopes possible! of students and politics. I have given In fact, if we compare these expressions to my most careful consideration to this the ones used by Bishan Narayan Dhar matter and am in a position to tell during his Presidential Address of the you that I quite agree with those who Indian National Congress at Calcutta in ask you not to mix yourself up in the 1911 itself, we would be able to better active politics of the day. It is very understand the mood and expectations of harmful to students. But this does the intelligentsia from the British not mean that you should shut your educational system at the time: eyes to what is going on around you. English education and a closer Rather I would like to see you get a contact with the West have raised sound education in the principles of our intelligence and expanded our politics so that you may be able to vision; the example of English play your part and play it well when enterprise has given us new ideals of the time arrives. citizenship and inspired us with new However, in order to understand this rather conception of national culture.4 de-political line of argument adopted by an eminent politician before a conference of ‘De-political’ Message of the Address young students trying to acquire a new Another factor that needs to be underlined political identity in the form of Bihar and is the rather complete absence of political Biharee, we need to go to the genesis of message to the students in terms of any the Bihar Students’ Conference which was anti-colonial content.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gandhi Wields the Weapon of Moral Power (Three Case Stories)
    Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power (Three Case Stories) By Gene Sharp Foreword by: Dr. Albert Einstein First Published: September 1960 Printed & Published by: Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad 380 014 (INDIA) Phone: 079 – 27540635 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.navajivantrust.org Gandhi wields the weapon of moral power FOREWORD By Dr. Albert Einstein This book reports facts and nothing but facts — facts which have all been published before. And yet it is a truly- important work destined to have a great educational effect. It is a history of India's peaceful- struggle for liberation under Gandhi's guidance. All that happened there came about in our time — under our very eyes. What makes the book into a most effective work of art is simply the choice and arrangement of the facts reported. It is the skill pf the born historian, in whose hands the various threads are held together and woven into a pattern from which a complete picture emerges. How is it that a young man is able to create such a mature work? The author gives us the explanation in an introduction: He considers it his bounden duty to serve a cause with all his ower and without flinching from any sacrifice, a cause v aich was clearly embodied in Gandhi's unique personality: to overcome, by means of the awakening of moral forces, the danger of self-destruction by which humanity is threatened through breath-taking technical developments. The threatening downfall is characterized by such terms as "depersonalization" regimentation “total war"; salvation by the words “personal responsibility together with non-violence and service to mankind in the spirit of Gandhi I believe the author to be perfectly right in his claim that each individual must come to a clear decision for himself in this important matter: There is no “middle ground ".
    [Show full text]
  • Agrarian Movements in Bihar During the British Colonial Rule: a Case Study of Champaran Movement
    International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research ISSN: 2455-2070; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 Received: 06-09-2020; Accepted: 17-09-2020; Published: 07-10-2020 www.socialsciencejournal.in Volume 6; Issue 5; 2020; Page No. 82-85 Agrarian movements in Bihar during the British colonial rule: A case study of Champaran movement Roma Rupam Department of History, Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Abstract British colonial rule in India brought about transformation in every area of Indian social, political and economic life. The impact of British colonial rule on agrarian society was decisive. The policy of colonial rule had changed the agrarian structure in India. The colonial rule had also developed new mechanisms to interact with peasants. Both new agrarian structure and new mechanisms to interact with peasants divided the agrarian society into the proprietors, working peasants and labourers. The roots of exploitation and misery of majority of people in agrarian society can be traced in the land tenure systems. The land relations were feudal in the permanent settlement areas. In the areas of Mahalwari and Ryotwari areas, the land had passed to absentee moneylenders, Sahukars and businessman due to large scale peasants’ indebtedness. This paper will give an overview of some of the major agrarian movements and their impact on the agrarian society. The peasants had been the worst sufferers of British Raj in colonial India. Because of the nature of land revenue system and its impact on agrarian society, the agrarian movements emerged in many parts of India.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    Curriculum Vitae Dr. Awadhesh Kumar H.o.D & Assistant Professor Division of Economics & Agriculture Economics A N Sinha Institute of Social Studies, Patna Mobile : 98358 89013 e– mail : [email protected] Specialisation : (a) Rural Economics (b) Industrial Economics Experience : About 21 years’ Teaching and Research experience in different projects related to Social Issues and Rural Economics. Education & Training: ► Post Graduation in Economics from Patna University, Patna in 1997 Specialization in Rural Economics, Industrial Economics Grade – Second Class ► Qualified UGC – NET in June 1999 (Economics) ► PhD in Economics, B.R. Ambedkar Bihar University, Dec. 2019 Positions Held (in descending order) : (a) Assistant Professor, Division of Economics, A.N. Sinha Institute of Social Studies, Patna from August 2010 till date (11 years +) (b) Research Associate in Bihar Institute of Economic Studies, Patna from October 2003 to July 2010 (7 years+) (c) Lecturer (Ad-hoc) in Economics in B.N. College, Patna from October 2000 to September 2003 Skill : (a) Policy analysis for rural development, livelihood issues and tribal and SC / ST affairs (b) Collection, compilation and interpretation of statistical data Professional Experience and Achievement : ► August 2010 till date as Assistant Professor, Division of Economics, A.N. Sinha Institute of Social Studies, Patna (a) Member of national level seminars from time to time (b) Member of Purchase Committee (c) Coordinator of Support Programme for Urban Reforms in Bihar under DFID Publication 1. I have written an Article entitled, “Indian Agriculture in Economic Growth : An Evaluation” in the Indian Journal –The Hindustan Review, p.57-59, Vol. 32, No. 30, April- June 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • Aman Sir Wifistudy Use Code Liveaman on Unacademy
    AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY USEUSE CODE CODE “AMAN LI11V”E ONAMAN UNACADEMY ON& GET UNACADEMY 10% DISCOUNT AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) DAILY FREE SESSIONS AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY USEUSE CODE CODE “AMAN LI11V”E ONAMAN UNACADEMY ON& GET UNACADEMY 10% DISCOUNT AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY USEUSE CODE CODE “AMAN LI11V”E ONAMAN UNACADEMY ON& GET UNACADEMY 10% DISCOUNT AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY USELIVEAMANUSE CODE CODE “AMAN LI11V”E ONAMAN UNACADEMY ON& GET UNACADEMY 10% DISCOUNT AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) Q1. With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the given events? भारतीय वतंत्रता संग्राम के संदभभ मᴂ, नि륍िलिखित मᴂ से कौि सा घटिाओं के सही कािािुक्रलमक क्रम है? a) Partition of Bengal - Lucknow Pact - Surat split of congress / बंगाि का ववभाजि - िििऊ समझौता - सूरत कांग्रेस का ववभाजि b) Partition of Bengal - Surat split of congress - Lucknow Pact / बंगाि का ववभाजि - कांग्रेस का सूरत ववभाजि - िििऊ संधि c) Surat split of Congress - Partition of Bengal - Lucknow Pact / कांग्रेस का सूरत ववभाजि - बंगाि ववभाजि - िििऊ संधि d) Surat split ofA congressMAN - Lucknow SIR Pact W -I PartitionFIST ofUDY Bengal / कांग्रेस का सूरत ववभाजि - िििऊ समझौता - बंगाि का ववभाजि USEUSE CODE CODE “AMAN LI11V”E ONAMAN UNACADEMY ON& GET UNACADEMY 10% DISCOUNT AMAN SIR WIFISTUDY(OFFICIAL) Q1. With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the given events? भारतीय वतंत्रता संग्राम
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism Gandhian Phase
    Unit - 8 Nationalism: Gandhian Phase Learning Objectives To acquaint ourselves with Gandhian phase of India’s struggle for independence Gandhi’s policy of ahimsa and satyagraha tried and tested for mobilisation of the masses in India Non-violent struggles in Champaran and against the Rowlatt Act The Non-Cooperation Movement and its fallout Emergence of radicals and revolutionaries and their part in the freedom movement Launch of Civil Disobedience Movement Issue of separate electorate and the signing of Poona Pact First Congress Ministries in the provinces and circumstances leading to the launch of Quit India Movement Communalism leading to partition of sub-continent into India and Pakistan Introduction violent methods to mobilise the masses and mount pressure on the British. In this lesson Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India in 1915 we shall see how Gandhi transformed the from South Africa after fighting for the civil Indian National Movement. rights of the Indians there for about twenty years. He brought with him a new impulse Gandhi and Mass to Indian politics. He introduced satyagraha, 8.1 Nationalism which he had perfected in South Africa, that could be practiced by men and women, young (a) Evolution of Gandhi and old. As a person dedicated to the cause Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born of the poorest of the poor, he instantly gained on 2 October 1869 into a well to do family in the goodwill of the masses. Before Gandhi, Porbandar, Gujarat. His father Kaba Gandhi the constitutionalists appealed to the British was the Diwan of Porbandar and later became sense of justice and fair play.
    [Show full text]
  • Champaran: How Gandhi's Journalistic Traits And
    Vol. V, Issue 2 (December 2019) http://www.mzuhssjournal.in/ Champaran: How Gandhi’s Journalistic Traits and Communication Strategy Brought Justice to the Ryots Sambit Pal * Mrinal Chatterjee † Abstract Journalism had played a significant role in Gandhi’s graduation from Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to the Mahatma. His philosophical journey and the shaping up of his thoughts and ideas while dealing with the British Raj and leading India’s movement for independence were reflected in his writings as a journalist. Since his days in South Africa, reporting from the battlefield of Boer War to editing his first journal Indian Opinion to shifting his base to India and taking up the editorship of Satyagraha, Navajivan, Young India and Harijan, Gandhi has shown how he used his journals and journalistic skills to give expression to his thoughts and philosophical viewpoints, drawing the attention of the authorities and common people building a strong public opinion. His writings for these journals and other publications also underline his ever-changing political and philosophical positions and how they ultimately shaped up ‘Gandhian thoughts’. When Gandhi reached India in 1915 from South Africa, he did not edit any journal for a couple of years. However, his visit to Bihar’s Champaran and organising Satyagraha with the indigo farmers can be seen through the prism of journalistic pursuits and robust communication strategy that Gandhi had practised all his life. Champaran Satyagraha is considered to be Gandhi’s launchpad in Indian politics and the first successful grassroots movement. Though Gandhi did not visit the remote villages in Bihar with any pure journalistic purpose, his inquiry into the plight of the indigo farmers as a political activist highlights the application of his brilliant communication skills and can be a model for a ground reporter.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Letter to Lilavati Asar 2. Letter to Prabhavati1
    1. LETTER TO LILAVATI ASAR POONA, August 30, 1945 CHI. LILI, I do not remember having answered your letter. Just now, after the prayer, I have taken out the old letters. This is just to tell you that I think of you. Continue your studies and pass. Do not lose courage. Do not spoil your health. There is no time to write more. Sardar’s treatment is going on. I am well. Blessings from BAPU From a photostat of the Gujarati: C.W. 10206. Courtesy: Lilavati Asar 2. LETTER TO PRABHAVATI1 POONA, August 30, 1945 CHI. PRABHA, I do not at all remember whether I have written to you. Your letter of the 1st is lying in front of me. I am writing this after the morning prayer. I hope you keep good health. You may come when you can. Just now I shall have to stay with Sardar in Poona. I may have to be here for three months. After that I shall be touring. You should stay in the Ashram. If there is suitable work for you there and you enjoy peace of mind and keep good health, settle down there. Do as you please. How is Father? Blessings from BAPU From a photostat of the Gujarati: G.N. 3579 1 The letters are in the Devanagari script.S VOL. 88 : 30 AUGUST, 1945 - 6 DECEMBER, 1945 1 3. LETTER TO PRABHAVATI1 August 30, 1945 CHI. PRABHA, A letter from Priyamvada is enclosed. I think you should join it2 Get yourself enrolled. About the work, we shall see after you have rested in the Ashram.
    [Show full text]
  • THE GANDHI STORY in His Own Words
    THE GANDHI STORY in his own words Condensed and Compiled by Mahendra Meghani From M. K. Gandhi’s two books An Autobiography and Satyagraha in South Africa LOK'MILAP TRUST TO Charles F. Andrews (1871-1940) The greatest interpreter of Gandhi to the whole Western world, beloved of both Gandhi and Tagore FtiMsfoi by Gopal Meghani Lok'Milap Trust 364001 India P.Q,Box 23 (Sardamagar), Bhavnagar r e-mail: lokmilaptxustZOOC (ft yahoo.com Phone: +9 1 278 2566 402, 2566 566 iMyrnt & Typeset by Apurva Ashar, Ahmcdabad, India Phone: +91 2717 215590 * Email: [email protected] Printed Riddhish Printers, Ahmed abad, India Phone; +91 79 2562 0239 Btjok-bmdmg Kumar Binders, Ahmedabad, India Phone: +91 79 2562 4964 Intemcitforkii edition March 2009; 5,000 copies Pages; 12+220+24 (photographs) = 256 R 50 [postage extra] $10 [including overseas airmail postage] Gandhi and Tagore: two faces of modern India. It was an Englishman who was the link between these two great representatives of modem India: the ascetic and the bard. Few felt their joint impact more sensitively than the saintly Englishman, C. F. Andrews. Let him estimate them whom he loved so well: completely “I have never in my whole life met anyone so under- satisfying the needs of friendship and intellectual standing and spiritual sympathy as Tagore. Side by side poet 1 have had the supreme with the friendship with the , His happiness of a friendship with Mahatma Gandhi. as character, in his own way, is as great and as creative religious that of Tagore. However, it has about it an air of that modem.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolving Horizons
    ISSN : 2319 - 6521 EVOLVING HORIZONS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, HUMANITIES, SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES (A PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL) Volume 8 November 2019 Satyapriya Roy College of Education (Post Graduate Govt. Aided Teacher Education Institute) Kolkata ‐ 700 064 www.satyapriyaroycollege.in EVOLVING HORIZONS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, HUMANITIES, SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES (A Peer Reviewed Journal) Volume 8 November 2019 ISSN : 2319 - 6521 Satyapriya Roy College of Education (Post Graduate Govt. Aided Teacher Education Institute) 1 The Evolving Horizons is a peer reviewed international journal published annually by the Satyapriya Roy College of Education and devoted to the advancement and dissemination of the fundamental and applied knowledge of various subjects in an accessible form to professional colleagues who have a common interest in the fields in this country and abroad. © Satyapriya Roy College of Education. All rights are reserved. No part of this may be reproduced in any material form including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidently to some other use of this publication without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act. Requests for Copyright owner’s permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher. Editor: Dr. Dipak Kumar Kundu The journal is issued annualy on the month of November Annual
    [Show full text]
  • Raj Kumar Shukla
    Raj Kumar Shukla March 27, 2021 In News: Department of Posts has issued a Commemorative Postage Stamp on Rajkumar Shukla About Raj Kumar Shukla Raj Kumar Shukla was born on 23rd August 1875 in Satwaria village of Champaran in Bihar. During the 31st session of the Congress in Lucknow in 1916, Gandhiji met Raj Kumar Shukla, a representative of farmers from Champaran, who requested him to come and see for himself the miseries of the indigo ryots (tenant farmers) there. Raj Kumar Shukla convinced Mahatma Gandhi to visit Champaran. Mahatma Gandhi arrived in Champaran with his team of eminent nationalists Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Brajkishore Prasad and the Champaran Satyagraha began. He rose to fame for his close association with Gandhiji during the Champaran Satyagraha. Champaran Satyagraha The Champaran peasant movement was Mahatma Gandhi’s first satyagraha in India When Gandhiji The Champaran peasant movement was launched in 1917-18. Its objective was to create awakening among the peasants against the European planters. Gandhiji studied the grievances of the Champaran peasantry. The peasants opposed not only the European planters but also the jamindars. Cause of Satyagraha The introduction of synthetic dye, the demand of indigo decreased which led the zamindars or planters to reduce their burden by increasing the rent burden on the peasants, which added to the existing plight of the peasants. As the demand of indigo declined, peasants demanded to shift to other crops on the same land. Even after the First World War, demand and supply of synthetic fell, the planters did not decrease the rent- burden and compensation.
    [Show full text]
  • Tamilnadu SSLC History Lesson 8 – One Marks
    www.usefuldesk.com Tamilnadu SSLC History Lesson 8 – One Marks Choose the correct answer: 1. Who was arrested during the anti-Rowlatt protests in Amritsar? A. Motilal Nehru B. Saifuddin Kitchlew C. Mohamed Ali D. Raj Kumar Shulka ANSWER: B 2. In which session of the Indian National Congress was Non-Cooperation approved? A. Bombay B. Madras C. Lucknow D. Nagpur ANSWER D: 3. Which among the following was declared as ‘Independence Day’? A. 26th January 1930 B. 26th December 1929 C. 16th June 1946 D. 15th January 1947 ANSWER: A 4. When was the first Forest Act enacted? A. 1858 B. 1911 C. 1865 D. 1936 ANSWER:C 5. On 8 January 1933 which day was observed _________. A. Temple Entry Day B. Day of Deliverance C. Direct Action Day D. Independence Day ANSWER: A 6. Which Act introduced provincial Autonomy? A. 1858 Act Website: www.usefuldesk.comFacebook: www.facebook.com/usefuldeskE-mail: [email protected] www.usefuldesk.com B. Indian Council Act,1909 C. Government of India Act,1919 D. Government of India Act, 1935 ANSWER: D 7. Who defeated Pattabhi Sitaramaya, Gandhi’s candidate, and became the President of the Congress in 1939? A. Rajendra Prasad B. Jawaharlal Nehru C. Subhas Chandra Bose D. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad ANSWER: C 8. Where was Gandhi when India attained independence on 15th August 1947 ? A. New Delhi B. Ahmedabad C. Wardha D. Noakhali ANSWER: D Fill in the Blanks: 1. Gandhi was thrown out of the first class compartment in ____________ station. A. Pietermaritzburg B. None ANSWER: A 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern History of Bihar By- BPSC Notes
    Modern History of Bihar By- BPSC Notes • Famous for its cotton, textile, saltpeter and indigo • situated on the one of the fertile regions of the world which is drained by river Ganga European Companies in Bihar • First European to enter in Bihar: Portuguese • Hooghly was the first place in the region where the Portuguese established their factory in 1579-80 when Emperor Akbar gave permission to a Portuguese captain Pedro Tavares. • built a convent and a church in Bandel which was the first Christian church in Bengal known as ‘Bandel Church’ today • British were the second European who built their factory in Patna at Alamganj in 1620 but was got closed in 1621. • Again in 1651, British East India Company revived the factory which is now turned into governing printing press at Gulzar Bagh. • Dutch East India Company also established their factory at Patna in 1632 which is now the place is known for Patna College. • In 1774, Danes East India Company established theirs factory at Nepali Kothi in Patna. British East India Company and Bihar • Battle of Buxar (22nd October, 1764): fought between British Forces under Hector Munro, and combined army of Mughals under Shah Alam II, Mir Qasim (Nawab of Awadh), and Shuja-ud-daula (Nawab of Bengal). • After the Battle, the British signed two separate Treaty of Allahabad for the diwani rights of Bengal and Bihar (One with Mughal Ruler Shah Alam II and Second with Shuja-ud-Daula). • For the exercise of Diwani functios, the Company appointed two deputy diwans, Mohammad Reza Khan for Bengal and Raja Sitab Roy for Bihar.
    [Show full text]