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National Semiconductor Voltage Regulator Handbook 1980

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National Semiconductor Voltage Regulator Handbook 1980 CD 09O VOLTAGE REGULATOR HANDBOOK NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR 37 Loverock Road Reading Berkshire RG3 1ED Telephone (0734) 585171 Telex 848370 Celdis Electronic Distributed Speddisto Art ive Components I>ivi*k>n HW VOLTAGE REGULATOR HANDBOOK NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR Contributors: Nello Sevastopoulos Jim Sherwin Dennis Bonn George Cleveland James E. Solomon 'National Semiconductor Corporation 2900 Semiconductor Drive, Santa Clara, CalHornla 96051 [4M| 737-5000(TWX (910) 339-92J0 dmertWd: Hatloijl aoafl not «Burri* iny [•itmnslbHlny lor uta at my circuitry »ny no elrsuM pit*nl lictnut *r* implied, «no Nit>snil reimnS the fin.ni. si Sitm wiihaul nolie* to Ch*rv|}t »«> clrcuilry. nw Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ...... ,,,......,..,, 1-1 1.1 How to Use this Book ., , 1-1 1.2 Features of On-Card Regulation 1-1 1.3 Fixed Voltage 3-Terminal Regulator Description 1-4 1.4 Comparison, Fixed Voltage 3-Terminal vs Variable Voltage Regulators by Application 1-4 2.0 Data Sheet Summary 2*1 3.0 Product Selection Procedures . .3-1 4.0 Heat Flow & Thermal Resistance .4-1 5.0 Selection of Commercial Heat Sink 5-1 6.0 Custom Heat Sink Design ,6-1 7.0 Applications Circuits and Descriptive Information 7-1 7.1 Positive Regulators .7-1 7.2 Negative Regulators 7-5 7.3 Dual Tracking Regulators 7-6 7.4 Adjustable Voltage Regulators 7-20 7.5 Automotive Applications 7*32 8.0 Power Supply Design 8-1 8.1 Scope , ,. , 8-1 8.2 Capacitor Selection 8-4 8.3 Diode Selection 8-4 9.0 Appendix , . g^-f A1 Definition of Terms .,..,9-1 A2 Ordering Information and Physical Dimensions 9-2 A3 Internal Circuit Features 9-6 A4 Test Circuits .9-9 A5 Reliability 9.12 A6 Improving Power Supply Reliability with IC Power Regulators . 9-13 A7 Voltage Regulator Cross Reference Guide .9-16 10.0 Data Sheets , , , . , 10-1 Fixed or Adjustable Voltage Regulators 10-1 LM109/LM209/LM309 5-Volt Regulators 10-3 LM117/LM217/LM317 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator 10-8 LM117HV/LM217HV/LM317HV High Voltage 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator. 10-16 LM120 Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators 10 24 LM123/LM223/LM323 3- Amp 5- Volt Positive Regulator .... 10-32 LM125/LM225/LM325/LM325A, LM126/LM226/LM326 Voltage Regulators 10-36 LM129, LM329 Precision Reference . 10-43 LM130/LM330 3-Terminaf Positive Regulators ........ 10-48 Table of Contents (continued) 10.0 Data Sheets (continued) 10-54 LM136/LM236/LM336 2.5V Reference Diode . LM137/LM237/LM337 3-Terminal Adjustable Negative 1 °- 60 Regulators • - LM137HV/LM237HWLM337HV 3-Terminal Adjustable Negative Regulators (High Voltage). .10-65 LM138/LM238/LM33B 5-Amp Adjustable Power Regulators 1 °- 70 LM140A/LM140/LM340A/LM340 Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators 10" 78 LM140L/LM240ULM340L Series 3-Terminal 10" 86 Positive Regulators - 10-89 LM 1 45/LM245/LM345 Negative 3-Amp Regulator LM150/LM25Q/LM350 3-Amp Adjustable Power 10-93 Regulators - • LM199/LM299/LM399 Precision Reference 10-101 LM320ULM320ML Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators 10-107 LM341 Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators 10-113 LM342 Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators 10-116 LM78XX Series Voltage Regulators 10*120 LM78LXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators 10*123 LM78MXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators .10-129 LM79XX Series 3*Terminal Negative Regulators .10-132 LM79LXXAC Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators 10-137 . .10-141 LM79MXX Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators . LM1524/LM2524/LM3524 Regulating Pulse Width 10-144 Modulator • ,. LM2930 3-Terminal Positive Regulator 10-159 List of Important Tables & Figures Figure 1.2 Regulator Voltage and Current Availability by 1-2, 1*3 Package Type - - Table 1.1 Comparison of 3-Terminal and Adjustable Regulators by Use or Feature 1-5 2-1 Table 2.1 Data Sheet Summary 3*1 Figure 3.1 Max Available Output Current at Tj = 125"C. 3-2 Figure 3.2 Max Available Output Current at Tj = 125 °C 5"2 Table 5.1 Heat Sink Selection Guide 6-2 Figure 6.2 Fin Effectiveness Nomogram 9-3, 9-4 Package Outline Drawings - Section 1.0 Introduction ..: p km-, :&* 'M mi ..'•'' "•• •'•''••'.''.'. .';-' ' ' SEI : fMstt. y<$mBM 'jviia ffls&iii'-' :&% •.-.; -.' •-::;• 1-0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 HOW TO USE THIS BOOK This has manual been created and arranged to simplify the task of selecting an appropriate three-terminal regulator according to your specific system needs. Information is also supplied on heat sink selection and design, power transformer filter and specification, and on various extended use applications for the basic three-terminal and dual tracking regulators. If a system supply already exists and regulation is required at a current range or voltage listed in Figure 1.2, selection is relatively easy. Make initial selection from Figure 1 .2 and the data sheet summary in Section 2, then go directly to the product selection procedures of Section 3. If a higher current is required, refer also to Section 7, Applications, for current booster circuits. Where a heat sink is required (possible with K, T & P suffix devices), refer to Sections 5 and 6 on heat sink selection and design. For small systems using only one regulator or if a system supply does not yet exist. Section 8, Power Supply Design, provides the information necessary to specify transformer output voltage and current, diode characteristics, and filter capacitance. For applications other than simple three-terminal regulation (listed in Section 1 .3), refer to Section 7, Applications. For voltage regulation at other than the voltages listed in Figure 1.2, refer to the applications section, or consider an adjustable regulator such as the LM105, LM723, LM1 17, etc. Refer to the data sheets on these parts and to the National Semiconductor Linear Applications Handbook. Section 1.4 compares the features and applications of three-terminal and adjustable regulators. Ordering information is covered in Appendix 2. Test methods and circuits are covered in Appendix 4. A cross-reference listing the National Semiconductor part number most closely matching other manufacturers' part numbers is in Appendix 6. 1.2 FEATURES OF ON-CARD REGULATION The trend in voltage regulation is toward localized regulation with smaller, low-cost, low-current, fixed-voltage IC regulators which require minimal or no heat sinking and few or no external components. In the past, one used bulky, high power regulators or regulators made up of many discrete components to regulate a line which supplied all areas of an electronic system. Unfortunately, the impedance of this line and associated connectors caused voltage drops which varied throughout the system. Also, any common impedance in the line between chasses or cards could allow unwanted coupling between critical parts of the system. These older systems often required considerable bypassing or decoupling which caused degraded local regulation. More recently, simple three-terminal regulators supplying one to three amps have been placed on individual cards within a system. These, however, are often larger in capacity and price than is necessary for one-per-card use. If used to supply several cards and fully loaded, some of the same old problems recur. The newest regulator designs emphasize low-current ranges and small, low-power, three- lead packages. These regulators are available in a variety of positive and negative voltages at current ranges of 100 mA to 5 A, some in packages as small as the TO-92 plastic small-signal transistor. There are also dual tracking ±100 mA regulators in TO-100 or plastic power DIP packages. With this variety to choose from, it is now possible to select the regulator for each application, and reduce cost significantly over competing approaches. 1-1 H H K,KC, K STEEL N TO-39 TO- 100 TO-3 DIP P TO-202 & TO-92 FIGURE 1.2. Available Regulator Packages + 15V ± 12V LM125H LM126H LM225H LM226H LM325H LM326H FIGURE 1.2a. Dual Tracking Regulator Package Selection Guide 1-2 - National's Voltage Regulator Guide Ltt1»aM238/Ltt3SK - : n STEEL 3TE SMIliAl AOJOSTAM.E OUTPUT { »1.2VT0<» tM1SD/LM2S<ULM3ax STEEL - 3TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT <L> 1.2V TO " \ '•".? 1 UI14V1.W45/UI24SK STEtl "J LMI23/LM223/LM323K STEEL , »137fl.lW37f LM33TK STEEL - 3 TtRMWAL ADJUSTABLE '-? LK117/LM217/IK3I7K STEEL - 3 TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT o output -ijvto- 1.2V TO- LM12QK/ UM20M.M32BKC (At)/LM7»XXKC (Al) V LWI0SaM2<S/LH3B9K STEEL/LW3S9K IAD -,'"? t -7 r*~) ,;'7 r? ,'7 lMH*K/LMt40AK ' - LM3WK7LMM0AK LM337T - 3 TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT , *-" ^ LM7IXXKCIAII I -I2VT0- IM32DT LM317T - 3 TEHMIHAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT 12V TO" LM7SXXCT &.& £ ^ .V \J^ \J WB«TaM34»AT LM3WMP-3TEBM1NAI ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT LM317MP - 3 TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT -1.2V TO & UVTO- ** UM37H/LM237H/LM337H - 3TEHMWAL AWUSTABtE 6 LM117H/LM217H/lM3t7H - 3-TER*HNAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT J OUTPUT -12V TO- 1.2VTO- y, WU20MP r LM341P LMTsaxx 4 .\^ W ' LM7SMXX LM120H/ LM320H Jp} uwzomlp J s., 0& f A A/ LM342P J LMt2(IH/ tMUOH 1 /> # & tMI«8WtM209H/lM399H 1 LM320LM/IM781XXACH/IMWLXXCH LMMBLAK Xr £> £; mmxxcH ,-9» ** LMMOtAH L»mxXACH I lMJ2tt.2/LM7»lXXACZ/lMnUXXCJ LM2«BLAZ Js £/ LM3WLAZ LM7IUXCZ i i i i i i i i 1 ii 1 1 -5,2 -5 Vo, NOMINAL REGULATED OUTPUT VOLTAGE - VOLTS Note: All devices with TO-3 package designation (K and K STEEL) are supplied in steel TO-3 packages unless otherwise designated as (Al) aluminum TO-3 package. All devices with KC package designation are supplied in aluminum TO-3. THREE-TERMINAL VOLTAGE REGULATORS Positive Output Voltage Negative Output Voltage 2 Output Fixed Adjustable Fixed Adjustable2 Current Output Voltage Output Voltage Output Voltage Output Voltage 5 Amp Device LM338 Output Voltage + 1.2V to +33V
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